N. Rehman, Wen Zhan, M. S. Khalid, Mussarat Iqbal, A. Mahmood
Educational institutions need to increase their efforts in the modern era of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) to educate their students for a sustainable future. Teachers and curriculum is the key ingredient to educate children and teenagers to be leaders of tomorrow in protecting the environment. This quantitative study was conducted to examine elementary school students' knowledge and attitudes towards environmental issues in Rawalpindi. The environment is directly and indirectly affected by humanity. The environment is getting polluted day by day due to which it becomes difficult to live in such a massive environment. To achieve this, there is a need to develop knowledge and attitudes in each individual. For this purpose, the population of the study consisted of all the public and private schools of the Rawalpindi. A hundred students of the ten schools, five public and five private schools of Rawalpindi, were taken as a sample for data collection. To check the attitudes of students' the questionnaire-based Relevance of Science Education (ROSE) Project was used to measure a student's attitudes and to measure the knowledge of students' self-made knowledge assessment test was used to collect the data from 7thgrade students'. The study examined the knowledge and attitude of elementary school students in public and private schools. The study also checked and compared students' knowledge and attitudes in public and private schools of Rawalpindi. Data was analyzed on SPSS software; Cross tabulation and chi-square were used to check students' knowledge. The Independent t-test was used to measure the attitudes of students. The results indicated no significant difference between government and private school students' knowledge and attitudes. Private school students' had slightly more knowledge than public school students but this difference was not significant. The public and private school students had a positive attitude towards environmental issues. Students owned environmental problems and were highly motivated to solve these problems. They were agreed to take action for the betterment of the future. As a result, sustainable development from elementary school to university necessitates a paradigm shift in our educational systems. Indeed, a sustainable way of life is impossible to achieve without a proper education system that teaches our youth how to integrate sustainability principles into their daily lives and work. Significant progress has been made in integrating environmental values into current curricula, developing new approaches and producing educational content for effective EE implementation in both programmes, since it was a government initiative to integrate environmental concepts into established curricula, devise different approaches and prepare training materials for ef Teacher teaching is therefore important in both Pakistani education systems to improve vital thinking skills and to react positively to the world about pot
{"title":"Assessing the knowledge and attitude of elementary school students towards environmental issues in Rawalpindi","authors":"N. Rehman, Wen Zhan, M. S. Khalid, Mussarat Iqbal, A. Mahmood","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151001","url":null,"abstract":"Educational institutions need to increase their efforts in the modern era of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) to educate their students for a sustainable future. Teachers and curriculum is the key ingredient to educate children and teenagers to be leaders of tomorrow in protecting the environment. This quantitative study was conducted to examine elementary school students' knowledge and attitudes towards environmental issues in Rawalpindi. The environment is directly and indirectly affected by humanity. The environment is getting polluted day by day due to which it becomes difficult to live in such a massive environment. To achieve this, there is a need to develop knowledge and attitudes in each individual. For this purpose, the population of the study consisted of all the public and private schools of the Rawalpindi. A hundred students of the ten schools, five public and five private schools of Rawalpindi, were taken as a sample for data collection. To check the attitudes of students' the questionnaire-based Relevance of Science Education (ROSE) Project was used to measure a student's attitudes and to measure the knowledge of students' self-made knowledge assessment test was used to collect the data from 7thgrade students'. The study examined the knowledge and attitude of elementary school students in public and private schools. The study also checked and compared students' knowledge and attitudes in public and private schools of Rawalpindi. Data was analyzed on SPSS software; Cross tabulation and chi-square were used to check students' knowledge. The Independent t-test was used to measure the attitudes of students. The results indicated no significant difference between government and private school students' knowledge and attitudes. Private school students' had slightly more knowledge than public school students but this difference was not significant. The public and private school students had a positive attitude towards environmental issues. Students owned environmental problems and were highly motivated to solve these problems. They were agreed to take action for the betterment of the future. As a result, sustainable development from elementary school to university necessitates a paradigm shift in our educational systems. Indeed, a sustainable way of life is impossible to achieve without a proper education system that teaches our youth how to integrate sustainability principles into their daily lives and work. Significant progress has been made in integrating environmental values into current curricula, developing new approaches and producing educational content for effective EE implementation in both programmes, since it was a government initiative to integrate environmental concepts into established curricula, devise different approaches and prepare training materials for ef Teacher teaching is therefore important in both Pakistani education systems to improve vital thinking skills and to react positively to the world about pot","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42702767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logistic performance has been improved tremendously in many parts of the world. Nonetheless, its improvement does not necessarily guarantee that environmental quality can be preserved. Hence, it is the objective of this study to examine the effect of logistic improvement on environmental degradation in developing countries. Applying dynamic panel model estimator for a panel of 50 developing countries for the period between 2010 and 2016, this study observes that the level of pollution tends to be higher with a higher level of logistic performance. The findings show that developing countries that did not adopt green practices on logistic performance pose negative effects in terms of air pollution, climate change, and global warming. Thus, the efforts to reduce environmental degradation must be comprehensive enough and the priority of environmental policies should be in the first place, targeting logistic performance. In other words, performance measure of logistic should also take into account its contribution to environmental quality.
{"title":"Logistic and environmental quality","authors":"Y. Subramaniam","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151003","url":null,"abstract":"Logistic performance has been improved tremendously in many parts of the world. Nonetheless, its improvement does not necessarily guarantee that environmental quality can be preserved. Hence, it is the objective of this study to examine the effect of logistic improvement on environmental degradation in developing countries. Applying dynamic panel model estimator for a panel of 50 developing countries for the period between 2010 and 2016, this study observes that the level of pollution tends to be higher with a higher level of logistic performance. The findings show that developing countries that did not adopt green practices on logistic performance pose negative effects in terms of air pollution, climate change, and global warming. Thus, the efforts to reduce environmental degradation must be comprehensive enough and the priority of environmental policies should be in the first place, targeting logistic performance. In other words, performance measure of logistic should also take into account its contribution to environmental quality.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42578774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global warming, depleting energy reserve and raising demand have created a upsurge for alternative and environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. Currently, microalgae have recognized as a promising biofuel feedstock’s due to the several unique characteristics includes high productivity, no competition for arable land, fresh water and high CO2 sequestration efficiency. High caloric value, low density and low viscosity make it promising source of renewable energy. They also serve the dual purpose of biofuel production along with the production of potentially valuable biomass, which could be utilize for phyco-remediation, food, animal feeds, fertilizers, drugs etc. In spite of huge opportunity, only few algae species were investigated till date. This review paper presents the brief view on the potential of microalgae for biofuel feedstock, different culturing system, algal conversion technology. In addition, hurdles in commercialization of algal based biofuel technology and strategies were also discussed.
{"title":"Current Status and Challenges of Microalgae as an Eco-Friendly Biofuel Feedstock: A Review","authors":"N. Mishra, Saurabh Mishra, R. Prasad","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151014","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming, depleting energy reserve and raising demand have created a upsurge for alternative and environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. Currently, microalgae have recognized as a promising biofuel feedstock’s due to the several unique characteristics includes high productivity, no competition for arable land, fresh water and high CO2 sequestration efficiency. High caloric value, low density and low viscosity make it promising source of renewable energy. They also serve the dual purpose of biofuel production along with the production of potentially valuable biomass, which could be utilize for phyco-remediation, food, animal feeds, fertilizers, drugs etc. In spite of huge opportunity, only few algae species were investigated till date. This review paper presents the brief view on the potential of microalgae for biofuel feedstock, different culturing system, algal conversion technology. In addition, hurdles in commercialization of algal based biofuel technology and strategies were also discussed.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46768688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the concept of “sustainability” is attributed to Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, the principle of inter-generational equity substantiating it is older, at least in the Romanian tradition. This article attempts to take the first steps in looking for the roots of environmental sustainability starting from the traditional wisdom synthesized in proverbs, focusing on the sustainable environmental management. For this purpose, the universal and international principles of environmental law, which are interconnected to the concepts of environmental management (responsibility for protecting the environment) and scientific management in general (functions of the management, decision theory) are used as the backbone of a taxonomic approach. The concept of managerial responsibility takes in ecology the form of individual, group and collective responsibility for the decisions and actions related to the protection of the environment, and also the form of social responsibility. This study continues previous researches of the authors, opening the way to other trans- and interdisciplinary studies. Its main limitation (to Romanian proverbs) gives a possible direction for further research.
{"title":"Old proverbs for a future sustainable development: An environmental management perspective","authors":"Cezar Scarlat, A. Petrisor","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151008","url":null,"abstract":"Although the concept of “sustainability” is attributed to Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, the principle of inter-generational equity substantiating it is older, at least in the Romanian tradition. This article attempts to take the first steps in looking for the roots of environmental sustainability starting from the traditional wisdom synthesized in proverbs, focusing on the sustainable environmental management. For this purpose, the universal and international principles of environmental law, which are interconnected to the concepts of environmental management (responsibility for protecting the environment) and scientific management in general (functions of the management, decision theory) are used as the backbone of a taxonomic approach. The concept of managerial responsibility takes in ecology the form of individual, group and collective responsibility for the decisions and actions related to the protection of the environment, and also the form of social responsibility. This study continues previous researches of the authors, opening the way to other trans- and interdisciplinary studies. Its main limitation (to Romanian proverbs) gives a possible direction for further research.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47463444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the context of the alarming news about climate changes, resource depletion, ecological disasters, and demographic trends, the interest of the researchers and the scientific literature on topics related to sustainability grew exponentially in the past two decades. In 2020 only, the number of publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) having the keywords “sustainability” or “sustainable development” in the topic was higher than 42,000. Facing this flood of literature, the present work aims to ease the effort of locating relevant studies about the applications of Agent-based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) in the research of environmental sustainability. This goal is accomplished by: (a) providing a comprehensive bibliography of recent relevant articles on this topic, (b) identifying the most popular domains of application of ABMS in this field, and (c) building a list of the available simulation tools. We found that most of the selected studies (52%) are designed for management related acticities (decision support, policy making etc.), the application domain addressed by the largest number of articles (27%) is agriculture and related activities (pastoralism, hunting, fishery, and forestry), and the most popular simulation platform is NetLogo (15%).
在气候变化、资源枯竭、生态灾害和人口趋势等令人担忧的新闻背景下，研究人员和科学文献对可持续发展相关主题的兴趣在过去二十年中呈指数级增长。仅在2020年，在Web of Science (WoS)中索引的主题中包含“可持续性”或“可持续发展”关键字的出版物数量就超过4.2万篇。面对大量的文献，本研究旨在简化基于agent的建模与仿真(ABMS)在环境可持续性研究中应用的相关研究。这一目标是通过以下方式实现的:(a)提供关于该主题的最新相关文章的综合参考书目，(b)确定该领域中最流行的ABMS应用领域，以及(c)建立可用仿真工具的列表。我们发现，大多数选定的研究(52%)是为管理相关活动(决策支持，政策制定等)设计的，最多的文章(27%)涉及的应用领域是农业和相关活动(畜牧业，狩猎，渔业和林业)，最流行的模拟平台是NetLogo(15%)。
{"title":"Agent-based modeling and simulation in the research of environmental sustainability. A bibliography","authors":"I. Susnea, Emilia Pecheanu, A. Cocu","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151015","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the alarming news about climate changes, resource depletion, ecological disasters, and demographic trends, the interest of the researchers and the scientific literature on topics related to sustainability grew exponentially in the past two decades. In 2020 only, the number of publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) having the keywords “sustainability” or “sustainable development” in the topic was higher than 42,000. Facing this flood of literature, the present work aims to ease the effort of locating relevant studies about the applications of Agent-based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) in the research of environmental sustainability. This goal is accomplished by: (a) providing a comprehensive bibliography of recent relevant articles on this topic, (b) identifying the most popular domains of application of ABMS in this field, and (c) building a list of the available simulation tools. We found that most of the selected studies (52%) are designed for management related acticities (decision support, policy making etc.), the application domain addressed by the largest number of articles (27%) is agriculture and related activities (pastoralism, hunting, fishery, and forestry), and the most popular simulation platform is NetLogo (15%).","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A simulation with TRNSYS of an individual solar water heater for the hot water needs of an average family in Algeria was made; three cities of different climates were chosen to the north on the coast, in the highlands and in a desert region, the solar water heater consists of a flat panel of 4m² and a storage tank of 300 liters, a back-up electrical energy is activated when solar radiations are insufficient or during the night, the consumption of domestic hot water leaving the tank at 60 °C follows a typical profile, the results show significant performance in the south and similar data in the north and in the highlands.
{"title":"Comparison of the performance of a domestic solar water heater in different climates in Algeria","authors":"T. Baki","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151011","url":null,"abstract":"A simulation with TRNSYS of an individual solar water heater for the hot water needs of an average family in Algeria was made; three cities of different climates were chosen to the north on the coast, in the highlands and in a desert region, the solar water heater consists of a flat panel of 4m² and a storage tank of 300 liters, a back-up electrical energy is activated when solar radiations are insufficient or during the night, the consumption of domestic hot water leaving the tank at 60 °C follows a typical profile, the results show significant performance in the south and similar data in the north and in the highlands.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43202798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioanichie Bălan, H. Hogas, L. Crenganis, I. Balan, F. Corduneanu, D. Țopa
The dam of the reservoir Cuibul Vulturilor, located on the Tutova river is an inhomogeneous earth dam with a maximum height of 15.0 m, with a clayey central core and lateral prisms made of clayey-dusty sands. For tracking the evolution of body dam seepage, 12 piezometers and a drainage pipe with discharge in the downstream connection channel of the bottom outlet are used. The paper presents the characteristic elements of the theoretical infiltration curve in the dam It also shows the hydro isohypses for the dam drawn with SURFER program, using the maximum hydrostatic levels in the piezometers measured in the year 2019. The distribution of the hydro isohypses across the dam is strongly influenced by the location of the piezometers and the other point of measuring the hydraulic head. The pattern circulation of the infiltration water inside the dam body could be studied with increased accuracy, if the dam had been equipped with several piezometers. Even in these conditions, it is clearly observed that the regime of infiltrations through the dam body is similar to the theoretical way of behavior.
{"title":"Research on the infiltrations in an earth dam. Case study: Cuibul Vulturilor Reservoir, Vaslui County, Romania","authors":"Ioanichie Bălan, H. Hogas, L. Crenganis, I. Balan, F. Corduneanu, D. Țopa","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151016","url":null,"abstract":"The dam of the reservoir Cuibul Vulturilor, located on the Tutova river is an inhomogeneous earth dam with a maximum height of 15.0 m, with a clayey central core and lateral prisms made of clayey-dusty sands. For tracking the evolution of body dam seepage, 12 piezometers and a drainage pipe with discharge in the downstream connection channel of the bottom outlet are used. The paper presents the characteristic elements of the theoretical infiltration curve in the dam It also shows the hydro isohypses for the dam drawn with SURFER program, using the maximum hydrostatic levels in the piezometers measured in the year 2019. The distribution of the hydro isohypses across the dam is strongly influenced by the location of the piezometers and the other point of measuring the hydraulic head. The pattern circulation of the infiltration water inside the dam body could be studied with increased accuracy, if the dam had been equipped with several piezometers. Even in these conditions, it is clearly observed that the regime of infiltrations through the dam body is similar to the theoretical way of behavior.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44580461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The general warming trend of the planet cannot be denied (the average global air temperature has increased by approx. 0.85°C between 1880-2012 (IPCC, 2013). The direct consequence of this warming is an increase in extreme weather events and hence in climate risks. The monitoring and assessing precipitation, identifying the physical laws governing its course in order to be able to estimate and forecast it in the future is therefore of great interest nowadays. Using geostatistical spatial analysis methods, this paper aims at identifying the correlations between longitude and precipitation (due to the specificity of the European climate, given by the major influence of the western circulation) and then an estimation - using linear regression equations - of precipitation amounts depending on longitude. Two variables were calculated for the statistical analysis: the proportion of the mean number of days with precipitation ≥ 10 mm of the multiannual mean of precipitation days (≥0,1 mm) and the precipitation ratio between the mean precipitation quantities in summer, compared to those in winter (hereinafter referred to as summer/winter precipitation ratio). The geostatistical analysis carried out on a sample of 40 weather stations aligned from west-south-west to east-north-east argues the existence of a strong correlation between longitude and the multiannual mean of days with precipitation ≥10 mm and between longitude and the summer/winter precipitation ratio.
{"title":"The geostatistical analysis of the atmospheric precipitation in Europe on a West-East line transect","authors":"Liliana Sîrghea","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151006","url":null,"abstract":"The general warming trend of the planet cannot be denied (the average global air temperature has increased by approx. 0.85°C between 1880-2012 (IPCC, 2013). The direct consequence of this warming is an increase in extreme weather events and hence in climate risks. The monitoring and assessing precipitation, identifying the physical laws governing its course in order to be able to estimate and forecast it in the future is therefore of great interest nowadays. Using geostatistical spatial analysis methods, this paper aims at identifying the correlations between longitude and precipitation (due to the specificity of the European climate, given by the major influence of the western circulation) and then an estimation - using linear regression equations - of precipitation amounts depending on longitude. Two variables were calculated for the statistical analysis: the proportion of the mean number of days with precipitation ≥ 10 mm of the multiannual mean of precipitation days (≥0,1 mm) and the precipitation ratio between the mean precipitation quantities in summer, compared to those in winter (hereinafter referred to as summer/winter precipitation ratio). The geostatistical analysis carried out on a sample of 40 weather stations aligned from west-south-west to east-north-east argues the existence of a strong correlation between longitude and the multiannual mean of days with precipitation ≥10 mm and between longitude and the summer/winter precipitation ratio.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43234654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Gopinath, G. M. M. Krishna, Pratik kumar Sinha, Nitish Kumar, D. Tripathi
Longevity in life span of city dwellers depends upon the quality of ambient air, which is often compromised due to urbanization. In this context, since independence, Bengaluru has rampantly grown with elevated air and automobile pollution levels. Ambient Carbon Monoxide [CO], which is considered to be the most dangerous criteria air pollutant, however has insufficient research/literature for the city of Bengaluru. To plug this gap, the pre-sent study engages a detailed examination for Temporal and Spatial Map-ping variation of Ambient ‘CO’ concentration in different wards of Bengaluru using calibrated Digital ‘CO’ sensor. The methodology involved primarily an intensive literature review followed by reconnaissance survey for fixation of monitoring stations about each ‘ward’. Further at these observatories, extensive primary data collection was ensued at periodic and regular intervals. The objective serves to delineate the most critical and non-critical places in Bengaluru to incorporate remedial measures. Startling 400+ violations with potential of triggering congestive heart failure, impaired performance in time discrimination, shortened time to angina response and vigilance decrement were observed. Sustainability measures conclude the study.
{"title":"Spatial and temporal real-time ambient Carbon Monoxide ward–wise mapping for BENGALURU City","authors":"R. Gopinath, G. M. M. Krishna, Pratik kumar Sinha, Nitish Kumar, D. Tripathi","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151002","url":null,"abstract":"Longevity in life span of city dwellers depends upon the quality of ambient air, which is often compromised due to urbanization. In this context, since independence, Bengaluru has rampantly grown with elevated air and automobile pollution levels. Ambient Carbon Monoxide [CO], which is considered to be the most dangerous criteria air pollutant, however has insufficient research/literature for the city of Bengaluru. To plug this gap, the pre-sent study engages a detailed examination for Temporal and Spatial Map-ping variation of Ambient ‘CO’ concentration in different wards of Bengaluru using calibrated Digital ‘CO’ sensor. The methodology involved primarily an intensive literature review followed by reconnaissance survey for fixation of monitoring stations about each ‘ward’. Further at these observatories, extensive primary data collection was ensued at periodic and regular intervals. The objective serves to delineate the most critical and non-critical places in Bengaluru to incorporate remedial measures. Startling 400+ violations with potential of triggering congestive heart failure, impaired performance in time discrimination, shortened time to angina response and vigilance decrement were observed. Sustainability measures conclude the study.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the oldest times, the forest has been the main food, shelter and energy source, playing an essential role in the development of human societies. Old stands are characterized by their long life, large heights and diameters and by their help in conserving biodiversity. The surfaces occupied by old stands have decreased lately because of their wood mass high value which leads to exploitation. This is furthermore coupled with climate changes, urbanization and human influences. These stands occupy a surface of 128.500 ha in the forests from Dobrogea’s Plateau, where broad-leaved species are preponderant (Quercus sp., Fraxinus ornus, Tilia tomentosa, Acer sp.). As such, the present paper intends to characterize the oldest stands from Dobrogea’s Plateau with the help of forest management plans realized during 1993-2007. The main characteristics analyzed in this study for stands older than 120 years were: location, surface, height, diameter, structure, forest type, soil type, altitude, exposition, slope and consistency. Stand older than 100 years occupy only 4% of the total surface and are composed of linden, brown oak and pedunculate oak which grow and develop on common luvisols.
{"title":"Old Forests from Dobrogea’s Plateau","authors":"E. Vechiu, L. Dincă, I. Breabăn","doi":"10.15551/pesd2021151013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021151013","url":null,"abstract":"From the oldest times, the forest has been the main food, shelter and energy source, playing an essential role in the development of human societies. Old stands are characterized by their long life, large heights and diameters and by their help in conserving biodiversity. The surfaces occupied by old stands have decreased lately because of their wood mass high value which leads to exploitation. This is furthermore coupled with climate changes, urbanization and human influences. These stands occupy a surface of 128.500 ha in the forests from Dobrogea’s Plateau, where broad-leaved species are preponderant (Quercus sp., Fraxinus ornus, Tilia tomentosa, Acer sp.). As such, the present paper intends to characterize the oldest stands from Dobrogea’s Plateau with the help of forest management plans realized during 1993-2007. The main characteristics analyzed in this study for stands older than 120 years were: location, surface, height, diameter, structure, forest type, soil type, altitude, exposition, slope and consistency. Stand older than 100 years occupy only 4% of the total surface and are composed of linden, brown oak and pedunculate oak which grow and develop on common luvisols.","PeriodicalId":42850,"journal":{"name":"Present Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45803507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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