Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-06-2022-0053
A. Shodunke, S. Oladipupo, O. Tayo-Ladega, Adebusayo Joel Alowolodu, Yusuf Olalekan Adebayo
PurposeGiven the efficacy of a robust public healthcare system in handling public health emergencies, the rapid rate of COVID-19 pandemic infection in early-hit (advanced) countries with competent healthcare system is intriguing. The popular public health argument supports the strengthening of the healthcare system as a significant response strategy to minimize infection. Hence, this paper examines the catalysts that exacerbated the pandemic’s rapid spread in these countries despite the sound state of their healthcare system. Also, it assesses the condition of Nigerian public healthcare system in the lights of the novel COVID-19 pandemic and suggests the need for improvement and effective functioning.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a documentary approach to establish the authors’ opinion on the subject matter under investigation.FindingsFactors such as climate, temperature, and humidity levels played a key role in infection in the winter of 2020. These factors facilitated for the pandemic’s rapid spread in advanced countries. In peripheral countries like Nigeria, the public healthcare system is burdened by a lack of funding, an insufficiency in welfare and training for healthcare staff and facilities and other operational challenges. Hence, the effective management of COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria relative to advanced countries was hindered by the inadequacies mentioned above.Originality/valueThis paper provides an understanding on the condition of public healthcare system in peripheral nations in relation to the healthcare system advisories from the World Health Organization (WHO) in the context of handling the pandemic outbreak. Also, it explains the catalysts that heightened the pandemic’s rapid spread in advanced countries despite the higher capacity of their healthcare system to manage health emergencies.
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic, global advisories and the imperatives of strengthening the public healthcare system: Nigeria in context","authors":"A. Shodunke, S. Oladipupo, O. Tayo-Ladega, Adebusayo Joel Alowolodu, Yusuf Olalekan Adebayo","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-06-2022-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-06-2022-0053","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeGiven the efficacy of a robust public healthcare system in handling public health emergencies, the rapid rate of COVID-19 pandemic infection in early-hit (advanced) countries with competent healthcare system is intriguing. The popular public health argument supports the strengthening of the healthcare system as a significant response strategy to minimize infection. Hence, this paper examines the catalysts that exacerbated the pandemic’s rapid spread in these countries despite the sound state of their healthcare system. Also, it assesses the condition of Nigerian public healthcare system in the lights of the novel COVID-19 pandemic and suggests the need for improvement and effective functioning.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a documentary approach to establish the authors’ opinion on the subject matter under investigation.FindingsFactors such as climate, temperature, and humidity levels played a key role in infection in the winter of 2020. These factors facilitated for the pandemic’s rapid spread in advanced countries. In peripheral countries like Nigeria, the public healthcare system is burdened by a lack of funding, an insufficiency in welfare and training for healthcare staff and facilities and other operational challenges. Hence, the effective management of COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria relative to advanced countries was hindered by the inadequacies mentioned above.Originality/valueThis paper provides an understanding on the condition of public healthcare system in peripheral nations in relation to the healthcare system advisories from the World Health Organization (WHO) in the context of handling the pandemic outbreak. Also, it explains the catalysts that heightened the pandemic’s rapid spread in advanced countries despite the higher capacity of their healthcare system to manage health emergencies.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43035360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-24DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-02-2022-0017
Widad Bousfot, S. Saadi, M. Djebabra
PurposeThe objective of this article is to carry out an exploratory study on the emergence of health and safety committees (HSC) in Algerian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology chosen, governed by the systemic approach, is centered on the exploration of HSC emergence factors in companies.FindingsThe suggested method consists in defining hypotheses found in the literature on the emergence of HSC in order to affirm or refute them in the case of Algerian companies.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the fact that a good number of Algerian industrial companies were solicited; the number of respondents was limited. This limitation confirms the difficulty commonly encountered in exploratory studies by questionnaire.Practical implicationsThe results of this exploratory study serve as a basis for the elaboration of a national action plan dedicated to HSC emergence in Algerian companies.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted in Algerian companies on HSC emergence. The identification of emergence problems allows drawing up an effective action plan to solve them.
{"title":"Emergence of joint health and safety committees in Algerian companies: an exploratory study","authors":"Widad Bousfot, S. Saadi, M. Djebabra","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-02-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-02-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe objective of this article is to carry out an exploratory study on the emergence of health and safety committees (HSC) in Algerian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology chosen, governed by the systemic approach, is centered on the exploration of HSC emergence factors in companies.FindingsThe suggested method consists in defining hypotheses found in the literature on the emergence of HSC in order to affirm or refute them in the case of Algerian companies.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the fact that a good number of Algerian industrial companies were solicited; the number of respondents was limited. This limitation confirms the difficulty commonly encountered in exploratory studies by questionnaire.Practical implicationsThe results of this exploratory study serve as a basis for the elaboration of a national action plan dedicated to HSC emergence in Algerian companies.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted in Algerian companies on HSC emergence. The identification of emergence problems allows drawing up an effective action plan to solve them.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47581778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-148
F. M. MacVane Phipps
{"title":"IJHG 27.3 Review","authors":"F. M. MacVane Phipps","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48103186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-149
I. Ibragimova, H. Phagava
{"title":"Editorial: Preprints and peer-reviewed journals","authors":"I. Ibragimova, H. Phagava","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-09-2022-149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43730139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0027
Alhassan Bunyaminu, Ibrahim Mohammed, I. Yakubu, Bashiru Shani, Abdul-Lateef Abukari
PurposeThis study investigates the impact of total health expenditure on life expectancy in a panel of 43 African countries from 2000 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachThe dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method developed by Arellano and Bond (1991) is used in this study. This approach generates estimates that are heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent, as well as controls for unobserved time-invariant country-specific effects and eliminates any endogeneity in the panel model.FindingsThe results reveal that health expenditure on its own has a positive significant influence on life expectancy. However, health expenditure via the moderating effect of government effectiveness reduces life expectancy. The authors also observe that school enrollment and the level of economic activity significantly drive life expectancy.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to 43 out of 54 African countries, and it covers a period of 18 years: 2000 to 2018.Practical implicationsThe authors argue that larger health expenditure will aid in improving the life expectancy rate in Africa. However, in practice, this would be difficult given the needs of other priority sectors.Social implicationsSince most developing countries' health expenditures are small, a policy option is that healthcare services should be subsidized such that the poorest people can also access them.Originality/valueThe study differs from the previous attempts, and with this, the authors contribute significantly to the literature. First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors are unaware of any study considering the role of government effectiveness as a moderating factor in investigating the effect of health expenditure on life expectancy in the African context. Thus, the authors fill a yawning gap in the literature. Second, the authors employ a recent dataset with larger sample size. Finally, to address the problem of endogeneity and simultaneity bias, the authors use the system GMM technique.
{"title":"The effect of health expenditure on average life expectancy: does government effectiveness play a moderating role?","authors":"Alhassan Bunyaminu, Ibrahim Mohammed, I. Yakubu, Bashiru Shani, Abdul-Lateef Abukari","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study investigates the impact of total health expenditure on life expectancy in a panel of 43 African countries from 2000 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachThe dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method developed by Arellano and Bond (1991) is used in this study. This approach generates estimates that are heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent, as well as controls for unobserved time-invariant country-specific effects and eliminates any endogeneity in the panel model.FindingsThe results reveal that health expenditure on its own has a positive significant influence on life expectancy. However, health expenditure via the moderating effect of government effectiveness reduces life expectancy. The authors also observe that school enrollment and the level of economic activity significantly drive life expectancy.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to 43 out of 54 African countries, and it covers a period of 18 years: 2000 to 2018.Practical implicationsThe authors argue that larger health expenditure will aid in improving the life expectancy rate in Africa. However, in practice, this would be difficult given the needs of other priority sectors.Social implicationsSince most developing countries' health expenditures are small, a policy option is that healthcare services should be subsidized such that the poorest people can also access them.Originality/valueThe study differs from the previous attempts, and with this, the authors contribute significantly to the literature. First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors are unaware of any study considering the role of government effectiveness as a moderating factor in investigating the effect of health expenditure on life expectancy in the African context. Thus, the authors fill a yawning gap in the literature. Second, the authors employ a recent dataset with larger sample size. Finally, to address the problem of endogeneity and simultaneity bias, the authors use the system GMM technique.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46624062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-13DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0004
Patrice De Micco, M. Maraghini, T. Spadafina
PurposeThis study provides a systematic literature review and categorization of the costs reported in the literature for the introduction of new vaccines, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa within LMICs, where vaccines are highly needed, financial resources are scarce and data are lacking and scattered.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted according to the PRISMA requirements. Searches also included the relevant grey literature. In total, 39 studies were selected and nine cost categories were investigated to build a comprehensive framework.FindingsThe paper considers nine cost categories that cover the whole life of the vaccine, from its initial study to its full implementation, including for each of them the relevant subcategories. The systematic review, besides providing specific quantitative data and allowing to assess their variability within each category, points out that delivery, program preparation, administration and procurement costs are the most frequently estimated categories, while the cost of the good sold, costs borne by households and costs associated to AEFI are usually overlooked. Data reported on R&D costs and investment in the production plant differ significantly among the selected contributions.Originality/valueThe literature contributions on cost estimation tend to focus on a precise vaccine, a specific geographic area, or to adopt a narrow approach that captures only a subset of the costs. This article presents a rich and inclusive set of the economic quantitative data on immunization costs in limited-resource countries.
目的本研究对文献中报道的引入新疫苗的成本进行了系统的文献综述和分类，重点关注LMIC中的撒哈拉以南非洲，那里急需疫苗，财政资源稀缺，数据缺乏且分散。设计/方法/方法根据PRISMA的要求，对PubMed和Web of Science数据库进行了系统的文献检索。搜索还包括相关的灰色文献。总共选择了39项研究，调查了9个成本类别，以建立一个全面的框架。发现该论文考虑了涵盖疫苗整个生命周期的九个成本类别，从最初的研究到全面实施，包括每一个相关的子类别。系统审查除了提供具体的定量数据并允许评估其在每个类别中的可变性外，还指出交付、计划编制、管理和采购成本是最常见的估计类别，而销售商品的成本、家庭承担的成本以及与AEFI相关的成本通常被忽视。报告的研发成本和生产工厂投资数据在选定的贡献中差异很大。独创性/价值关于成本估计的文献贡献往往集中在精确的疫苗、特定的地理区域，或者采用仅涵盖成本子集的狭义方法。本文提供了一组关于资源有限国家免疫费用的丰富而包容的经济定量数据。
{"title":"The costs of introducing a vaccine in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of the literature","authors":"Patrice De Micco, M. Maraghini, T. Spadafina","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study provides a systematic literature review and categorization of the costs reported in the literature for the introduction of new vaccines, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa within LMICs, where vaccines are highly needed, financial resources are scarce and data are lacking and scattered.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted according to the PRISMA requirements. Searches also included the relevant grey literature. In total, 39 studies were selected and nine cost categories were investigated to build a comprehensive framework.FindingsThe paper considers nine cost categories that cover the whole life of the vaccine, from its initial study to its full implementation, including for each of them the relevant subcategories. The systematic review, besides providing specific quantitative data and allowing to assess their variability within each category, points out that delivery, program preparation, administration and procurement costs are the most frequently estimated categories, while the cost of the good sold, costs borne by households and costs associated to AEFI are usually overlooked. Data reported on R&D costs and investment in the production plant differ significantly among the selected contributions.Originality/valueThe literature contributions on cost estimation tend to focus on a precise vaccine, a specific geographic area, or to adopt a narrow approach that captures only a subset of the costs. This article presents a rich and inclusive set of the economic quantitative data on immunization costs in limited-resource countries.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42620429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0038
Ammielou Gaduena, Christopher Ed Caboverde, J. P. Flaminiano, Regina Yvette Romero
PurposeThis paper aims to explore empirically the interactions between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, economic mobility and containment policy to test the effectiveness of mobility restrictions in controlling the spread of the disease.Design/methodology/approachThis study used weekly regional data for the 17 Philippine regions and estimated the effect of shocks using a panel vector autoregression (VAR) model.FindingsThe authors conclude that COVID-19 deaths and incidence primarily respond to shocks that affect the lethality and transmissibility of the disease, and mobility restrictions and strict quarantine levels do not seem to have any impact on these outcomes. The movement of people during this pandemic period, on the other hand, seems to respond more to economic factors and government restrictions and less to the presence of and the characteristics of the disease.Originality/valueSince the pandemic is a public bad, community cooperation is a must to address it. Clear government messaging that dispels doubts on the safety of the newly developed vaccines and that encourages public acceptance and trust might be a better nudge compared to a heavy-handed and threatening approach.
{"title":"Decomposing the role of mobility restrictions in controlling COVID-19 outcomes: a regional level study of the Philippines","authors":"Ammielou Gaduena, Christopher Ed Caboverde, J. P. Flaminiano, Regina Yvette Romero","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0038","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis paper aims to explore empirically the interactions between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, economic mobility and containment policy to test the effectiveness of mobility restrictions in controlling the spread of the disease.Design/methodology/approachThis study used weekly regional data for the 17 Philippine regions and estimated the effect of shocks using a panel vector autoregression (VAR) model.FindingsThe authors conclude that COVID-19 deaths and incidence primarily respond to shocks that affect the lethality and transmissibility of the disease, and mobility restrictions and strict quarantine levels do not seem to have any impact on these outcomes. The movement of people during this pandemic period, on the other hand, seems to respond more to economic factors and government restrictions and less to the presence of and the characteristics of the disease.Originality/valueSince the pandemic is a public bad, community cooperation is a must to address it. Clear government messaging that dispels doubts on the safety of the newly developed vaccines and that encourages public acceptance and trust might be a better nudge compared to a heavy-handed and threatening approach.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41685591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0008
N. Lytvyn, A. Berlach, N. Kovalko, Alla A. Melnyk, Hanna V. Berlach
PurposeThe research topicality is stipulated by the need to study the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population in Ukraine and to consider positive experience of the developed countries in this area. The aim of the article is to define the main trends in the legal regulation of healthcare in Ukraine; analyze the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, and positive and negative aspects of the healthcare reform; to explore the international experience in medical services for its implementation to national law enforcement in the sphere of healthcare.Design/methodology/approachDuring the research, systematization and generalization of the positive international experience in the legal regulation of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population were realized.FindingsThe analysis of the population's perception of healthcare innovations was carried out. The level of medical service was assessed. The results showed that in order to improve Ukrainian legislation on healthcare, it is necessary to remove absolute conflicts of normative legal acts; to establish public confidence in innovations and changes; to take into account international experience adapting it to specific features of Ukrainian legislation.Originality/valueThe defined theoretical and applied provisions constitute the practical significance for scholars and practicians, who deal with the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, university professors training highly qualified personnel, and all interested people concerned with healthcare.
{"title":"Legal regulation of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population: domestic and international experience","authors":"N. Lytvyn, A. Berlach, N. Kovalko, Alla A. Melnyk, Hanna V. Berlach","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-01-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe research topicality is stipulated by the need to study the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population in Ukraine and to consider positive experience of the developed countries in this area. The aim of the article is to define the main trends in the legal regulation of healthcare in Ukraine; analyze the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, and positive and negative aspects of the healthcare reform; to explore the international experience in medical services for its implementation to national law enforcement in the sphere of healthcare.Design/methodology/approachDuring the research, systematization and generalization of the positive international experience in the legal regulation of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population were realized.FindingsThe analysis of the population's perception of healthcare innovations was carried out. The level of medical service was assessed. The results showed that in order to improve Ukrainian legislation on healthcare, it is necessary to remove absolute conflicts of normative legal acts; to establish public confidence in innovations and changes; to take into account international experience adapting it to specific features of Ukrainian legislation.Originality/valueThe defined theoretical and applied provisions constitute the practical significance for scholars and practicians, who deal with the legal regulation problems of the state financial guarantees of medical services for the population, university professors training highly qualified personnel, and all interested people concerned with healthcare.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46277054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0030
M. Trivedi, M. Patel, Divya Nair H, B. Sharma
PurposeAs the investment in social and health protection remained poor in India, the most vulnerable citizens lack access to existing health related government initiatives with transformational benefits due mostly to the lack of “accurate information”. The purpose of this paper is to explore and demonstrate the impact of participation of the community through a structured intervention that promotes awareness, enables the community to ensure entitlements, and enhances the utilization of government initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThrough a baseline–endline study using a quasi-experimental design, this research provides empirical evidence of such intervention on awareness and utilization of health, nutrition and developmental initiatives. It involved survey of 400 households from the four study locations before and after the interventions. The pre-post estimation in the “proportion of respondents who were fully aware” was analyzed to measure changes in knowledge. Mc-Nemar test was applied to measure the statistical significance of these changes.FindingsThe results indicate that the intervention of “empowerment centers” has increased knowledge and utilization of the various government schemes, services and facilities that are routine and offer benefits all household members, in general, and women as well as children, in particular. The intervention was found to be successful in improving the local governance systems; empowering communities, linking communities and local level government systems across all sectors, as well as bringing in inter-sectoral linkages across governments systems.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough there have been many interventions of community participation for reducing inequities across the globe, there is a dearth of documentation and evidence generation. More efforts are required to evaluate such interventions, identify which interventions work and how they can be adapted to different contexts. This also requires exploration of the social processes and contextual realities underlying these interventions.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, this research is one-of-its-kind that assessed an intervention targeting cross-cutting schemes and services, beyond just health interventions. The evidence points to the success of grassroots level inter-sectoral community actions, in the form of empowerment centers, to improve awareness and utilization of government interventions through participatory governance, and points to the expanding scope of learning and adapting such interventions to different contexts and scopes.
{"title":"Evaluation of community-based participatory governance interventions to improve access to health-related public entitlements in India","authors":"M. Trivedi, M. Patel, Divya Nair H, B. Sharma","doi":"10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeAs the investment in social and health protection remained poor in India, the most vulnerable citizens lack access to existing health related government initiatives with transformational benefits due mostly to the lack of “accurate information”. The purpose of this paper is to explore and demonstrate the impact of participation of the community through a structured intervention that promotes awareness, enables the community to ensure entitlements, and enhances the utilization of government initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThrough a baseline–endline study using a quasi-experimental design, this research provides empirical evidence of such intervention on awareness and utilization of health, nutrition and developmental initiatives. It involved survey of 400 households from the four study locations before and after the interventions. The pre-post estimation in the “proportion of respondents who were fully aware” was analyzed to measure changes in knowledge. Mc-Nemar test was applied to measure the statistical significance of these changes.FindingsThe results indicate that the intervention of “empowerment centers” has increased knowledge and utilization of the various government schemes, services and facilities that are routine and offer benefits all household members, in general, and women as well as children, in particular. The intervention was found to be successful in improving the local governance systems; empowering communities, linking communities and local level government systems across all sectors, as well as bringing in inter-sectoral linkages across governments systems.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough there have been many interventions of community participation for reducing inequities across the globe, there is a dearth of documentation and evidence generation. More efforts are required to evaluate such interventions, identify which interventions work and how they can be adapted to different contexts. This also requires exploration of the social processes and contextual realities underlying these interventions.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, this research is one-of-its-kind that assessed an intervention targeting cross-cutting schemes and services, beyond just health interventions. The evidence points to the success of grassroots level inter-sectoral community actions, in the form of empowerment centers, to improve awareness and utilization of government interventions through participatory governance, and points to the expanding scope of learning and adapting such interventions to different contexts and scopes.","PeriodicalId":42859,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Governance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-03-2022-0032
Esra N. Kılcı
PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the convergence of the testing and positivity rates for the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on Germany and Italy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the two-regime threshold autoregressive (TAR) panel unit root test by using the weekly data in the period of 2020:03-2021:04.FindingsFollowing finding out that the testing and positivity rates are nonlinear, the authors determine that the transition country between the two regimes is Italy for the testing rates and Germany for the positivity rates. Their findings support the partial convergence for the testing rates for Germany and Italy. On the other hand, the authors could not find any convergence for the positivity rates of these two countries.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to academic literature in several ways. Firstly, to the best of their knowledge, this paper is the first study that analyzes the convergence of testing and positivity data. This paper further focuses on two Euro-Area countries which have suffered significantly from the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the authors employ the two-regime threshold autoregressive (TAR) panel unit root proposed by Beyaert and Camacho (2008) in their empirical analysis. This recent panel data methodology aims to test real convergence in a nonlinear framework by incorporating the threshold model, panel data unit root test and the calculation of critical values by bootstrap simulation.
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