B. Murgante, Pasquale Di Donato, L. Berardi, Mauro Salvemini, Franco Vico
Methodologies usually adopted in urban and regional planning do not assume an approach based on Spatial Data Infrastructures principles, which could ensure a better use of geospatial data and support interoperability of planning choices providing an active participation of stakeholders involved in planning processes. An innovative approach of e-government based on a better organization and management of geospatial data, could contribute, through a deeper territorial knowledge and a more appropriate use of decision support tools, to more effectively pursue planning goals. Spatial planning and related information have a strategic importance not only at local and national level but also at international scale where a "continuum" of settlements characterizes the crossing of various countries. Planning activity is also strictly related to aspects such as management of natural resources, prevention of natural disasters, transports which in many cases have international cross-border interests. Consequently, today there is an absolute need of harmonized planning data a strong demand of planning core data sets in order to provide an easy and wide understandability of this information. The objective of the Plan4all project is to build a network of local, regional and national stakeholders, companies in the ICT sector, organizations involved in planning and economic development, universities and international agencies in order to find a consensus concerning the harmonization of spatial planning data based on existing best practices in Europe and according to the European Directive INSPIRE. The project takes into account lessons learned from previous experiences, such as Armonia, Humboldt, eSDINet+, Euradin, whose partners are also present in the Plan4all consortium. The project will involve also the experience of OGC working group members concerning the definition of standards technologies. Plan4all aims to contribute to the harmonization of planning data. Based on best practices analysis, the project is producing a series of technical documents for metadata profiles design and implementation, data models and harmonization procedures. Particular attention will be paid to issues related to the protection of intellectual property rights, as well as security aspects.
{"title":"Plan4all: European Network of Best Practices for Interoperability of Spatial Planning Information","authors":"B. Murgante, Pasquale Di Donato, L. Berardi, Mauro Salvemini, Franco Vico","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.45","url":null,"abstract":"Methodologies usually adopted in urban and regional planning do not assume an approach based on Spatial Data Infrastructures principles, which could ensure a better use of geospatial data and support interoperability of planning choices providing an active participation of stakeholders involved in planning processes. An innovative approach of e-government based on a better organization and management of geospatial data, could contribute, through a deeper territorial knowledge and a more appropriate use of decision support tools, to more effectively pursue planning goals. Spatial planning and related information have a strategic importance not only at local and national level but also at international scale where a \"continuum\" of settlements characterizes the crossing of various countries. Planning activity is also strictly related to aspects such as management of natural resources, prevention of natural disasters, transports which in many cases have international cross-border interests. Consequently, today there is an absolute need of harmonized planning data a strong demand of planning core data sets in order to provide an easy and wide understandability of this information. The objective of the Plan4all project is to build a network of local, regional and national stakeholders, companies in the ICT sector, organizations involved in planning and economic development, universities and international agencies in order to find a consensus concerning the harmonization of spatial planning data based on existing best practices in Europe and according to the European Directive INSPIRE. The project takes into account lessons learned from previous experiences, such as Armonia, Humboldt, eSDINet+, Euradin, whose partners are also present in the Plan4all consortium. The project will involve also the experience of OGC working group members concerning the definition of standards technologies. Plan4all aims to contribute to the harmonization of planning data. Based on best practices analysis, the project is producing a series of technical documents for metadata profiles design and implementation, data models and harmonization procedures. Particular attention will be paid to issues related to the protection of intellectual property rights, as well as security aspects.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130632682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many mathematics teachers produce original course materials with figures because their use enables students to comprehend mathematical objects. This paper presents a model for producing effective figures for use in course materials. LaTeX is often used to edit course materials and they often use computer algebra system (CAS) to insert graphical image files into the materials. We developed KETpic as a plug-in based on CAS to insert precise and expressive figures into a LaTeX document. After KETpic generates LaTeX-readable codes, the resultant figure is a monochrome, high-quality line drawing. Consequently, teachers can easily improve the quality of their materials. When they produce a figure using KETpic, they can perform mathematical operations as they consider combinations of KETpic commands as mathematical symbols. We designate this mathematical activity as symbolic thinking. By performing symbolic thinking, they need not be overly concerned about writing a program for CAS. Instead, they can concentrate on consideration of more important matters of cognition such as producing an effective figure. They require an advantageous environment in which they can easily perform symbolic thinking. This paper presents two sufficient conditions for this environment: (i) they produce new KETpic commands as the modularization of mathematical operations that they frequently use, and (ii) they create an original package of new KETpic commands. In this paper, we present some examples for these propositions using KETpic based on Scilab.
{"title":"Making Figures for Class Materials Using KETpic Based on Symbolic Thinking","authors":"Satoshi Yamashita, Setsuo Takato","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.48","url":null,"abstract":"Many mathematics teachers produce original course materials with figures because their use enables students to comprehend mathematical objects. This paper presents a model for producing effective figures for use in course materials. LaTeX is often used to edit course materials and they often use computer algebra system (CAS) to insert graphical image files into the materials. We developed KETpic as a plug-in based on CAS to insert precise and expressive figures into a LaTeX document. After KETpic generates LaTeX-readable codes, the resultant figure is a monochrome, high-quality line drawing. Consequently, teachers can easily improve the quality of their materials. When they produce a figure using KETpic, they can perform mathematical operations as they consider combinations of KETpic commands as mathematical symbols. We designate this mathematical activity as symbolic thinking. By performing symbolic thinking, they need not be overly concerned about writing a program for CAS. Instead, they can concentrate on consideration of more important matters of cognition such as producing an effective figure. They require an advantageous environment in which they can easily perform symbolic thinking. This paper presents two sufficient conditions for this environment: (i) they produce new KETpic commands as the modularization of mathematical operations that they frequently use, and (ii) they create an original package of new KETpic commands. In this paper, we present some examples for these propositions using KETpic based on Scilab.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130989930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongwook Lee, Junghoon Kim, U. Kim, Y. Eom, H. Jun, W. Kim
Many embedded systems get improvements on hardware such as massive memory and multi-cores. According these improvements, some application that demands per-formance of excessive operations per seconds has been app-eared. These applications often use dynamic memory allocation. But, existing allocators does not scale well, thus those applications is limited theirs performance by allocators. Moreover, because the applications that run on embedded systems are rarely powered-off, the external fragmentation problem is critical. This paper introduces the allocator, lock-free and scalable that free the synchronization cost and low the fragmentation. Our allocator has per-thread heap and allocate the close size memory instead of the exact size of memory to reduce synchronization cost and allocation/de-allocation time. Our result on test application that can be run with 1 to 32 threads demonstrate that our allocator yields low average fragmentation and improves overall program performance over the standard Linux allocator by up to a factor of 60 on 32 threads, and up to a factor of 10 over the next best allocator we tested.
{"title":"A Fast Lock-Free User Memory Space Allocator for Embedded Systems","authors":"Dongwook Lee, Junghoon Kim, U. Kim, Y. Eom, H. Jun, W. Kim","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.46","url":null,"abstract":"Many embedded systems get improvements on hardware such as massive memory and multi-cores. According these improvements, some application that demands per-formance of excessive operations per seconds has been app-eared. These applications often use dynamic memory allocation. But, existing allocators does not scale well, thus those applications is limited theirs performance by allocators. Moreover, because the applications that run on embedded systems are rarely powered-off, the external fragmentation problem is critical. This paper introduces the allocator, lock-free and scalable that free the synchronization cost and low the fragmentation. Our allocator has per-thread heap and allocate the close size memory instead of the exact size of memory to reduce synchronization cost and allocation/de-allocation time. Our result on test application that can be run with 1 to 32 threads demonstrate that our allocator yields low average fragmentation and improves overall program performance over the standard Linux allocator by up to a factor of 60 on 32 threads, and up to a factor of 10 over the next best allocator we tested.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133075216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper shows development of lightweight Ruby which is a subset of program language Ruby. Lightweight Ruby aims at mainly using Ruby for the software development of an embedded system. Few resources, the mechanism of hardware control, a real-time operation, etc. are required for an embedded system. Lightweight Ruby is designed in consideration of these demands. The advantages of using object oriented programming for the development of an embedded system and the problems with the conventional programming language are clarified. This problem can be solved if Ruby is used for the development of an embedded system. Implementation of lightweight Ruby in FPGA is also shown.
{"title":"Embedded System Development by Lightweight Ruby","authors":"Kazuaki Tanaka, Yukihiro Matsumoto, Hiroshi Arimori","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.62","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows development of lightweight Ruby which is a subset of program language Ruby. Lightweight Ruby aims at mainly using Ruby for the software development of an embedded system. Few resources, the mechanism of hardware control, a real-time operation, etc. are required for an embedded system. Lightweight Ruby is designed in consideration of these demands. The advantages of using object oriented programming for the development of an embedded system and the problems with the conventional programming language are clarified. This problem can be solved if Ruby is used for the development of an embedded system. Implementation of lightweight Ruby in FPGA is also shown.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123948577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. G. Vivanco, M. A. González, I. Palomino, J. L. Garrido, X. Querol, B. Bessagnet, J. Rosa, A. S. D. L. Campa
Ambient air levels of metals are included in the EC air quality standards due to their impact on human health and ecosystems. European directives 2008/50/CE and 2004/107/CE regulate lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and nickel ambient air levels. Air quality models constitute a powerful tool to understand tropospheric dynamics and to assign concentration values to areas where no measurement is available. For this reason models are currently being extensively applied in a variety of air quality applications. Metals have been more recently included in air quality models, and until now just studies showing results for some of them (mainly lead, cadmium and mercury) may be found in the literature. An attempt to simulate ambient air levels of arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel in Spain has been done, by using the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model. An evaluation of model predictions was performed by comparing daily simulated values with observations in a set of monitoring sites for 2007. In overall, the model reproduces the temporal observed behavior, and it is able to simulate the high values measured in specific areas, such as those for lead and cadmium in Northern Spain. More refinement in emission database joined to higher-resolution simulations are required to better simulate this type of pollutants.
{"title":"Modelling Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Nickel Ambient Air Concentrations in Spain","authors":"M. G. Vivanco, M. A. González, I. Palomino, J. L. Garrido, X. Querol, B. Bessagnet, J. Rosa, A. S. D. L. Campa","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.54","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient air levels of metals are included in the EC air quality standards due to their impact on human health and ecosystems. European directives 2008/50/CE and 2004/107/CE regulate lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and nickel ambient air levels. Air quality models constitute a powerful tool to understand tropospheric dynamics and to assign concentration values to areas where no measurement is available. For this reason models are currently being extensively applied in a variety of air quality applications. Metals have been more recently included in air quality models, and until now just studies showing results for some of them (mainly lead, cadmium and mercury) may be found in the literature. An attempt to simulate ambient air levels of arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel in Spain has been done, by using the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model. An evaluation of model predictions was performed by comparing daily simulated values with observations in a set of monitoring sites for 2007. In overall, the model reproduces the temporal observed behavior, and it is able to simulate the high values measured in specific areas, such as those for lead and cadmium in Northern Spain. More refinement in emission database joined to higher-resolution simulations are required to better simulate this type of pollutants.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"34 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116599685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to its superb drawing utilities and symbolic computation capabilities, computer algebra system (CAS) has become one of the most preferred tools for drawing scientific artworks. However, using the graphical images generated by CAS in scientific documents is a different story. It is not so easy for us to guarantee the quality of both graphical images and documents simultaneously. For instance, quite a number of mathematics teachers in universities are using LaTeX as their daily tool for editing high-quality mathematical documents, since it offers remarkable publishing features and extensive facilities for automating most aspects of typesetting. However the use of graphics generated by CAS in LaTeX tends to be unsatisfactory. In fact, it is not so easy task for usual LaTeX users to manipulate such graphical images. Moreover, a large sized graphical file disturbs fast web-tech based communication. To fill this gap, the authors have developed a macro package KETpic designed for CAS to supply high-quality graphics in LaTeX documents. In this paper, we will show the newly developed functionality of KETpic to easily generate new environments or graphical commands of LaTeX, so that LaTeX can be endowed with much wider use and much greater facility.
{"title":"A CAS Macro Package as LaTeX Graphical Command Generator and Its Applications","authors":"Masataka Kaneko, Setsuo Takato","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.47","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its superb drawing utilities and symbolic computation capabilities, computer algebra system (CAS) has become one of the most preferred tools for drawing scientific artworks. However, using the graphical images generated by CAS in scientific documents is a different story. It is not so easy for us to guarantee the quality of both graphical images and documents simultaneously. For instance, quite a number of mathematics teachers in universities are using LaTeX as their daily tool for editing high-quality mathematical documents, since it offers remarkable publishing features and extensive facilities for automating most aspects of typesetting. However the use of graphics generated by CAS in LaTeX tends to be unsatisfactory. In fact, it is not so easy task for usual LaTeX users to manipulate such graphical images. Moreover, a large sized graphical file disturbs fast web-tech based communication. To fill this gap, the authors have developed a macro package KETpic designed for CAS to supply high-quality graphics in LaTeX documents. In this paper, we will show the newly developed functionality of KETpic to easily generate new environments or graphical commands of LaTeX, so that LaTeX can be endowed with much wider use and much greater facility.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123202637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A flying baseball in the air not only is subject to gravity's pull it is also subject to air resistance. A spinning ball in addition to these two forces experiences a spin-dependent force. The description of motion of a baseball subject to these three forces for a projectile confined to trajectories in a 2D vertical plane is a set of two coupled nonlinear ODEs. The speed dependent drag coefficient makes these equations highly nonlinear. These equations for certain cases are solved numerically by applying a 4^th-order Runge-Kutta code written in either the FORTRAN or the C++ languages. In this article we show by deploying Mathematica one may easily bypass the explicit need of composing such cumbersome computer codes. Moreover, by utilizing Mathematica's integrated numeric and graphic features the author reveals features of a flying ball that to-date have not been reported in scientific literature.
{"title":"Trajectory of a Baseball and Its Characters Under the Influence of a Drag Force and the Magnus Effect","authors":"H. Sarafian","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.29","url":null,"abstract":"A flying baseball in the air not only is subject to gravity's pull it is also subject to air resistance. A spinning ball in addition to these two forces experiences a spin-dependent force. The description of motion of a baseball subject to these three forces for a projectile confined to trajectories in a 2D vertical plane is a set of two coupled nonlinear ODEs. The speed dependent drag coefficient makes these equations highly nonlinear. These equations for certain cases are solved numerically by applying a 4^th-order Runge-Kutta code written in either the FORTRAN or the C++ languages. In this article we show by deploying Mathematica one may easily bypass the explicit need of composing such cumbersome computer codes. Moreover, by utilizing Mathematica's integrated numeric and graphic features the author reveals features of a flying ball that to-date have not been reported in scientific literature.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122423777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuesheng Cao, Jinwen Li, Jun Hu, M. Zheng, Baofeng Li
This paper describes techniques and key parameters for designing long-distance path of 10Gbps signal transmission in copper backplane system. First, two connecting modes for copper backplane have been presented. And then, some materials and connectors used in high speed PCB are clarified. For high-speed layout, various techniques such as routing high speed signals with angle mode to mitigate the fiber-weave effect and using back-drilling to reduce stub-effect are discussed finally.
{"title":"Design Consideration for 10 Gbps Signal Transmission Channel in Copper Backplane System","authors":"Yuesheng Cao, Jinwen Li, Jun Hu, M. Zheng, Baofeng Li","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.37","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes techniques and key parameters for designing long-distance path of 10Gbps signal transmission in copper backplane system. First, two connecting modes for copper backplane have been presented. And then, some materials and connectors used in high speed PCB are clarified. For high-speed layout, various techniques such as routing high speed signals with angle mode to mitigate the fiber-weave effect and using back-drilling to reduce stub-effect are discussed finally.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116866873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We are presenting a planet generator capable of creating large realistic-looking planets by simulating the natural phenomena. While common generators usually use fractals to achieve naturally looking surfaces, we start with a simple sphere model and adjust it in a way similar to the physical processes that were performed during the real planet creation. The simulated processes range from movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity to proper distribution of biomes according to the calculated temperature and precipitation model. Each aspect can be adjusted by setting the respective parameters, therefore it is possible to use this single generator to produce planets that resemble Earth, Moon or Saturn or to create an entirely new kind of planet that will still look realistic.
{"title":"Planet Generation: Mimicking the Nature's Way","authors":"Jindrich Moravek, V. Kovalcík","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.43","url":null,"abstract":"We are presenting a planet generator capable of creating large realistic-looking planets by simulating the natural phenomena. While common generators usually use fractals to achieve naturally looking surfaces, we start with a simple sphere model and adjust it in a way similar to the physical processes that were performed during the real planet creation. The simulated processes range from movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity to proper distribution of biomes according to the calculated temperature and precipitation model. Each aspect can be adjusted by setting the respective parameters, therefore it is possible to use this single generator to produce planets that resemble Earth, Moon or Saturn or to create an entirely new kind of planet that will still look realistic.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131490513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil pollutant concentrations such as heavy metal Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were collected at 1082 sampling sites in Changhua county of Taiwan. This study applies a spatial autocorrelation analysis for identifying multiple soil pollution hotspots based on original and re-sampling data in the study area. Results show that the multiple hotspots for four heavy metals and are strongly related to the locations of industrial plants and irrigation systems in the study area. Soil pollution hotspots are clearly defined based on the LISA (local indicators of spatial association) cluster maps. The cluster maps show a clear spatial autocorrelation of soil pollutants in cLHS samples, especially for Cr. Furthermore, the maps explore the spatial patterns of hazards and capture the hotspot areas without exhaustive sampling in the study area.
对台湾省彰化县1082个采样点的土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn等污染物浓度进行了监测。本研究基于研究区原始和重采样数据，采用空间自相关分析方法识别多个土壤污染热点。结果表明，四种重金属的多重热点与研究区工业厂房和灌溉系统的位置密切相关。基于LISA (local indicators of spatial association)聚类图，明确了土壤污染热点。聚类图显示了cLHS样品中土壤污染物的空间自相关性，特别是Cr。此外，聚类图探索了危害的空间格局，并捕获了研究区域的热点区域，而不是穷尽采样。
{"title":"Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Soil Pollution Data in Central Taiwan","authors":"Hone‐Jay Chu, Yu-Pin Lin, Tsun-Kuo Chang","doi":"10.1109/ICCSA.2011.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSA.2011.38","url":null,"abstract":"Soil pollutant concentrations such as heavy metal Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were collected at 1082 sampling sites in Changhua county of Taiwan. This study applies a spatial autocorrelation analysis for identifying multiple soil pollution hotspots based on original and re-sampling data in the study area. Results show that the multiple hotspots for four heavy metals and are strongly related to the locations of industrial plants and irrigation systems in the study area. Soil pollution hotspots are clearly defined based on the LISA (local indicators of spatial association) cluster maps. The cluster maps show a clear spatial autocorrelation of soil pollutants in cLHS samples, especially for Cr. Furthermore, the maps explore the spatial patterns of hazards and capture the hotspot areas without exhaustive sampling in the study area.","PeriodicalId":428638,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114255592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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