La citizen science e una forma di ricerca collaborativa la cui importanza e aumentata sensibilmente negli ultimi anni, anche se non si tratta di un fenomeno nuovo. Non vi e una definizione univoca di citizen science e sebbene questa espressione sia la piu diffusa, anche in Italia, le attivita a cui fa riferimento sono spesso chiamate in altro modo. Tuttavia, i diversi termini utilizzati enfatizzano un elemento chiave che e la partecipazione volontaria di cittadini non esperti alla ricerca scientifica. La citizen science comprende un’ampia serie di attivita e pratiche che possono coprire l’intero ciclo di vita della ricerca, dalla raccolta dei dati alla pubblicazione dei risultati, e finanche la valutazione. La prima parte dell’articolo traccia sommariamente la storia della citizen science, evidenziando le implicazioni delle diverse faccette attraverso cui la si guarda nelle varie definizioni. Successivamente, offre una panoramica dello stato dell’arte, delle iniziative e delle buone pratiche, delle questioni aperte, e delle istituzioni e organizzazioni piu rappresentative che se ne occupano. Vengono inoltre forniti dei dati sulla sua diffusione e condotte delle riflessioni sull’impatto di questa forma di ricerca sulla comunita scientifica e sulla societa, nonche sugli aspetti collegati all’open science e allo sviluppo sostenibile. Infine, l’articolo si focalizza sul ruolo delle biblioteche delle universita e delle biblioteche pubbliche nella citizen science.
{"title":"Citizen science. One of the eight pillars of open science identified by the European Union","authors":"Rossana Morriello","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12761","url":null,"abstract":"La citizen science e una forma di ricerca collaborativa la cui importanza e aumentata sensibilmente negli ultimi anni, anche se non si tratta di un fenomeno nuovo. Non vi e una definizione univoca di citizen science e sebbene questa espressione sia la piu diffusa, anche in Italia, le attivita a cui fa riferimento sono spesso chiamate in altro modo. Tuttavia, i diversi termini utilizzati enfatizzano un elemento chiave che e la partecipazione volontaria di cittadini non esperti alla ricerca scientifica. La citizen science comprende un’ampia serie di attivita e pratiche che possono coprire l’intero ciclo di vita della ricerca, dalla raccolta dei dati alla pubblicazione dei risultati, e finanche la valutazione. La prima parte dell’articolo traccia sommariamente la storia della citizen science, evidenziando le implicazioni delle diverse faccette attraverso cui la si guarda nelle varie definizioni. Successivamente, offre una panoramica dello stato dell’arte, delle iniziative e delle buone pratiche, delle questioni aperte, e delle istituzioni e organizzazioni piu rappresentative che se ne occupano. Vengono inoltre forniti dei dati sulla sua diffusione e condotte delle riflessioni sull’impatto di questa forma di ricerca sulla comunita scientifica e sulla societa, nonche sugli aspetti collegati all’open science e allo sviluppo sostenibile. Infine, l’articolo si focalizza sul ruolo delle biblioteche delle universita e delle biblioteche pubbliche nella citizen science.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"38 1","pages":"33-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90766561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public debate and divulgation are essential components of publisher’s work: making academic reflection contribute to the cultural discussion and to the formation of citizens means going well beyond mere access to arrive at full accessibility of content. But in order to achieve a science truly open to all, it is necessary to start from the great absent in the current discussion, that is the reader.
{"title":"Open to whom. The Open science in the quest for readers","authors":"A. Angiolini","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12763","url":null,"abstract":"Public debate and divulgation are essential components of publisher’s work: making academic reflection contribute to the cultural discussion and to the formation of citizens means going well beyond mere access to arrive at full accessibility of content. But in order to achieve a science truly open to all, it is necessary to start from the great absent in the current discussion, that is the reader.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76030319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread use of social media in people ’ s everyday life has set the basis for big changes in the relationships between individuals, public and private bodies on a global scale. With public administrations willing to adjust their identities to new tools for communication, archival organizations approached to social networks to connect with new users and enhance their heritage. This paper aims to define methods, specificities and limits of the Italian archival institutions ’ social media policies, opening up to a first comparison with other national strategies, especially with the French one. A special focus has been put on the role of social networks in March and April 2020, when Italian archives faced a two-month lockdown following the health emergency caused by the spread of COVID-19: moved away from the ordinary work, archivists and archival institutes were encouraged to start alternative forms of communication with their users, including a more effective social campaign.
{"title":"Archival Communication in the Age of Social Media. The Italian Case and the Main Strategies in the International Context","authors":"S. Mattei","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12693","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of social media in people ’ s everyday life has set the basis for big changes in the relationships between individuals, public and private bodies on a global scale. With public administrations willing to adjust their identities to new tools for communication, archival organizations approached to social networks to connect with new users and enhance their heritage. This paper aims to define methods, specificities and limits of the Italian archival institutions ’ social media policies, opening up to a first comparison with other national strategies, especially with the French one. A special focus has been put on the role of social networks in March and April 2020, when Italian archives faced a two-month lockdown following the health emergency caused by the spread of COVID-19: moved away from the ordinary work, archivists and archival institutes were encouraged to start alternative forms of communication with their users, including a more effective social campaign.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"15 1","pages":"39-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79503881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is undeniable that scholarly publication is boosted nowadays by the use of the English language, but this does not (and cannot) mean that the other languages have to be obliterated as scientific and cultural agents, equally valid and indispensable. Therefore, multilingualism is an expression of bibliodiversity that has to be protected and cherished, particularly in the area of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), a field in which culturally and societally relevant studies are made in local languages, when approaching areas such as cultural heritage, education, migration, public administration. The main goal of this paper is to present a literature review in order to identify the main aspects influencing language selection and the use of multilingualism within scholarly communication, allowing for putting forward recommendations for future initiatives aiming at enhancing multilingualism, particularly in connection with the opportunities deriving from Open Science.
{"title":"Multilingualism within Scholarly Communication in SSH. A literature review","authors":"A. Balula, Delfim Leão","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12672","url":null,"abstract":"It is undeniable that scholarly publication is boosted nowadays by the use of the English language, but this does not (and cannot) mean that the other languages have to be obliterated as scientific and cultural agents, equally valid and indispensable. Therefore, multilingualism is an expression of bibliodiversity that has to be protected and cherished, particularly in the area of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), a field in which culturally and societally relevant studies are made in local languages, when approaching areas such as cultural heritage, education, migration, public administration. The main goal of this paper is to present a literature review in order to identify the main aspects influencing language selection and the use of multilingualism within scholarly communication, allowing for putting forward recommendations for future initiatives aiming at enhancing multilingualism, particularly in connection with the opportunities deriving from Open Science.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"62 1","pages":"88-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88824534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper examines the adoption of the Semantic Web (SW) technologies and Linked Data (LD) principles to manage a knowledge base about opera. The Corago repository collects historical data and documentation about opera works, performances and librettos from the 16th to the 20th century. We experimented the use of semantic technologies to manage the repository’s knowledge catalogued following the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) relational model. Cultural Heritage Knowledge Bases (CHKB) as Corago could leverage SW and LD to overcome proprietary models and to introduce new information to better satisfy user’s requirements. Two well-established reference ontologies as CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) and FRBR Object Oriented (FRBRoo) are adopted to transpose contents form the legacy conceptual model to RDF. Through the process, we observed that formal semantics allow, not only to adequately represent the opera domain, but also enable to define the way information is being presented to users. This led to the definition of “reception pathways” which become themselves part of the knowledge about opera within the KB. This novel semantic approach is introduced with the Corago Semantic Model (Corago SM), a domain ontology dedicated to functional representation of opera’s historical data. Advancements have been tested with an experimental system and assessed through a questionnaire submitted to a panel of users.
{"title":"Corago in LOD. The debut of an Opera repository into the Linked Data arena","authors":"P. Bonora, A. Pompilio","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12699","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the adoption of the Semantic Web (SW) technologies and Linked Data (LD) principles to manage a knowledge base about opera. The Corago repository collects historical data and documentation about opera works, performances and librettos from the 16th to the 20th century. We experimented the use of semantic technologies to manage the repository’s knowledge catalogued following the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) relational model. Cultural Heritage Knowledge Bases (CHKB) as Corago could leverage SW and LD to overcome proprietary models and to introduce new information to better satisfy user’s requirements. Two well-established reference ontologies as CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) and FRBR Object Oriented (FRBRoo) are adopted to transpose contents form the legacy conceptual model to RDF. Through the process, we observed that formal semantics allow, not only to adequately represent the opera domain, but also enable to define the way information is being presented to users. This led to the definition of “reception pathways” which become themselves part of the knowledge about opera within the KB. This novel semantic approach is introduced with the Corago Semantic Model (Corago SM), a domain ontology dedicated to functional representation of opera’s historical data. Advancements have been tested with an experimental system and assessed through a questionnaire submitted to a panel of users.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"11 1","pages":"54-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73805476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Covid-19 pandemic has produced numerous deaths throughout the planet, although in general it has been deadlier in older people, in people with previous conditions and in males. The biomedical literature explains the difference in terms of mortality between men and women pointing to genetics and social and cultural reasons. The aim of this work is to explore information behavior, among the other sociocultural variables possibly influencing health outcomes in men and women. For this, we analyze the results of a survey with 95 people administered in Madrid the last week of strict lockdown for Covid-19 (April 2020). Questions were asked about the reasons for using traditional mass media and social media, the use of official and institutional information, the characteristics of the information that was considered useful, and different dimensions of information behavior during lockdown. Results show that the differences between men and women affect certain dimensions of information behavior and especially the information characteristics that are considered useful. Slight differences were also perceived between the two sexes regarding social media, that men appeared to use more for entertainment than communication.
{"title":"Gender differences in information behavior during the Covid-19 health crisis in Spain","authors":"M. Montesi","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12698","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has produced numerous deaths throughout the planet, although in general it has been deadlier in older people, in people with previous conditions and in males. The biomedical literature explains the difference in terms of mortality between men and women pointing to genetics and social and cultural reasons. The aim of this work is to explore information behavior, among the other sociocultural variables possibly influencing health outcomes in men and women. For this, we analyze the results of a survey with 95 people administered in Madrid the last week of strict lockdown for Covid-19 (April 2020). Questions were asked about the reasons for using traditional mass media and social media, the use of official and institutional information, the characteristics of the information that was considered useful, and different dimensions of information behavior during lockdown. Results show that the differences between men and women affect certain dimensions of information behavior and especially the information characteristics that are considered useful. Slight differences were also perceived between the two sexes regarding social media, that men appeared to use more for entertainment than communication.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"136 1","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89458835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article evaluates and compare the quality level of the top 10 Peruvian universities’ institutional repositories by using the RECOLECTA Evaluation Guide for Research Institutional Repositories. The data was collected on December 2020 from various sources including the repositories’ interfaces, the repositories’ managers, the OAI-PMH Validator, among others. The results reveal that most of the repositories perform a high-level criteria fulfillment in 4 evaluation areas: “Policies”, “Metadata”, “Interoperability”, and “Security, authenticity and integrity of data”, a mid-level criteria fullfillment in the Legal aspects area, and a low-level criteria fullfillment in the “Visibility” and the “Logs and statistics” areas. Lastly, no correlation was found between the repositories’ quality level and their universities’ position in the SUNEDU’s Best Peruvian Universities ranking.
{"title":"Comparative Quality Evaluation of Universities' Institutional Repositories of Peru","authors":"Fernando Sebastián Blanco-Olea","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12688","url":null,"abstract":"This article evaluates and compare the quality level of the top 10 Peruvian universities’ institutional repositories by using the RECOLECTA Evaluation Guide for Research Institutional Repositories. The data was collected on December 2020 from various sources including the repositories’ interfaces, the repositories’ managers, the OAI-PMH Validator, among others. The results reveal that most of the repositories perform a high-level criteria fulfillment in 4 evaluation areas: “Policies”, “Metadata”, “Interoperability”, and “Security, authenticity and integrity of data”, a mid-level criteria fullfillment in the Legal aspects area, and a low-level criteria fullfillment in the “Visibility” and the “Logs and statistics” areas. Lastly, no correlation was found between the repositories’ quality level and their universities’ position in the SUNEDU’s Best Peruvian Universities ranking.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"1 1","pages":"99-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78661195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to present a brief overview on Emanuele Casamassima and his research on palaeography and the history of the book. The following topics are discussed: - cataloguing manuscripts according to different models (analytical, short, shared descriptions) - restoration of manuscript and printed books - palaeographic doctrines from the late Middle Ages to the Renaissance - importance of sixteenth-century Italian writing masters for the study of the history of handwriting - aspects of the history of the handwriting in the late Middle Ages (the writing of Petrarch and Boccaccio; the humanistic graphic reform) - palaeography as a study of graphic structures, with a focus on the cursive tradition, especially during the Roman age (1st-4th centuries) and in the Middle Ages (10th-13th centuries).
{"title":"Emanuele Casamassima palaeographer and book historian","authors":"Stefano Zamponi","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12702","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to present a brief overview on Emanuele Casamassima and his research on palaeography and the history of the book. The following topics are discussed: - cataloguing manuscripts according to different models (analytical, short, shared descriptions) - restoration of manuscript and printed books - palaeographic doctrines from the late Middle Ages to the Renaissance - importance of sixteenth-century Italian writing masters for the study of the history of handwriting - aspects of the history of the handwriting in the late Middle Ages (the writing of Petrarch and Boccaccio; the humanistic graphic reform) - palaeography as a study of graphic structures, with a focus on the cursive tradition, especially during the Roman age (1st-4th centuries) and in the Middle Ages (10th-13th centuries).","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"85 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83913209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliotherapy is the discipline that studies the potential curative use of books and reading: it was born only in the Twentieth century, even though the therapeutic function of books was already evident since ancient times. This subject has different application methods and different typologies, furthermore it is applied by mental health experts but also by professionals that work in very different areas: teachers, librarians, social workers and many others. It is important to underline that it is not necessary for a bibliotherapeutic intervention to be focused exclusively on reading; recreational activities can be part of this practice, for example the free ones offered in some public libraries that represent a support means for the user in need. Lastly, Bibliotherapy is a process through which a person can learn to take herself as an object of study to solve her problems and to improve herself.
{"title":"Bibliotherapy and libraries as a place of care","authors":"Flora Foresta","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12704","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliotherapy is the discipline that studies the potential curative use of books and reading: it was born only in the Twentieth century, even though the therapeutic function of books was already evident since ancient times. This subject has different application methods and different typologies, furthermore it is applied by mental health experts but also by professionals that work in very different areas: teachers, librarians, social workers and many others. It is important to underline that it is not necessary for a bibliotherapeutic intervention to be focused exclusively on reading; recreational activities can be part of this practice, for example the free ones offered in some public libraries that represent a support means for the user in need. Lastly, Bibliotherapy is a process through which a person can learn to take herself as an object of study to solve her problems and to improve herself.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"1 1","pages":"122-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88786871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gonzalo Marco-Cuenca, J. Salvador-Oliván, Rosario Arquero-Avilés, C. Faggiolani, Brenda Siso-Calvo
{"title":"Scientific publications of affiliated authors in Italy retracted due to fraud. Review and analysis","authors":"Gonzalo Marco-Cuenca, J. Salvador-Oliván, Rosario Arquero-Avilés, C. Faggiolani, Brenda Siso-Calvo","doi":"10.4403/JLIS.IT-12711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4403/JLIS.IT-12711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"7 1","pages":"23-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91137240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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