Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch063
R. Gey, A. Fried
This chapter focusses on the appearance and implementation of process standards in software development organizations. The authors are interested in the way organizations handle the plurality of process standards. Organizations respond by metastructuring to the increasing demand for standardizing their development processes. Standards metastructuring summarizes all organizational mechanisms for facilitating the ongoing adaption of global standards to the organizational context. Based on an in-depth single case study of a software developing organization in the automotive technology sector, the authors found four areas of metastructuring, four roles for standard mediation, and four types of metastructuring activities. With the case study, they encourage further research that proves standards in use and how organizations respond to the challenges of standardization.
{"title":"Metastructuring for Standards","authors":"R. Gey, A. Fried","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch063","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focusses on the appearance and implementation of process standards in software development organizations. The authors are interested in the way organizations handle the plurality of process standards. Organizations respond by metastructuring to the increasing demand for standardizing their development processes. Standards metastructuring summarizes all organizational mechanisms for facilitating the ongoing adaption of global standards to the organizational context. Based on an in-depth single case study of a software developing organization in the automotive technology sector, the authors found four areas of metastructuring, four roles for standard mediation, and four types of metastructuring activities. With the case study, they encourage further research that proves standards in use and how organizations respond to the challenges of standardization.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115208215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch083
Edilaine Rodrigues Soares
Planned investment has become indispensable for strengthening the management in IT companies. In this chapter, the authors present three innovative methods in a cycle of causes and effects, where the second method is effect of the first and the third is cause of the first and effect of the second method. The first method aims to motivate the human resources with organizational learning and the growth in the professional career. The second method aims to measure the performance, the productivity, the organizational learning, and the growth in the professional career. The third method aims to estimate the anticipation of the costs for the construction of the software project and analysis of planned investment for the better decision making. This motivator scenario, with effect of anticipative and strengthening that aligns methods in a cycle of causes and effects, enabling the analysis of planned investment for the better decision making in the IT companies, provides the government, generates revenue, moves the economy, and generates more wealth for Brazil.
{"title":"Planned Investment in Information Technology Companies","authors":"Edilaine Rodrigues Soares","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch083","url":null,"abstract":"Planned investment has become indispensable for strengthening the management in IT companies. In this chapter, the authors present three innovative methods in a cycle of causes and effects, where the second method is effect of the first and the third is cause of the first and effect of the second method. The first method aims to motivate the human resources with organizational learning and the growth in the professional career. The second method aims to measure the performance, the productivity, the organizational learning, and the growth in the professional career. The third method aims to estimate the anticipation of the costs for the construction of the software project and analysis of planned investment for the better decision making. This motivator scenario, with effect of anticipative and strengthening that aligns methods in a cycle of causes and effects, enabling the analysis of planned investment for the better decision making in the IT companies, provides the government, generates revenue, moves the economy, and generates more wealth for Brazil.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123867482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6029-6.CH012
Arshpreet Kaur Sidhu, S. Sehra
Testing of software is broadly divided into three types i.e., code based, model based and specification based. To find faults at early stage, model based testing can be used in which testing can be started from design phase. Furthermore, in this chapter, to generate new test cases and to ensure the quality of changed software, regression testing is used. Early detection of faults will not only reduce the cost, time and effort of developers but also will help finding risks. We are using structural metrics to check the effect of changes made to software. Finally, the authors suggest identifying metrics and analyze the results using NDepend simulator. If results show deviation from standards then again perform regression testing to improve the quality of software.
{"title":"Use of Software Metrics to Improve the Quality of Software Projects Using Regression Testing","authors":"Arshpreet Kaur Sidhu, S. Sehra","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-6029-6.CH012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6029-6.CH012","url":null,"abstract":"Testing of software is broadly divided into three types i.e., code based, model based and specification based. To find faults at early stage, model based testing can be used in which testing can be started from design phase. Furthermore, in this chapter, to generate new test cases and to ensure the quality of changed software, regression testing is used. Early detection of faults will not only reduce the cost, time and effort of developers but also will help finding risks. We are using structural metrics to check the effect of changes made to software. Finally, the authors suggest identifying metrics and analyze the results using NDepend simulator. If results show deviation from standards then again perform regression testing to improve the quality of software.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133994363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch052
R. Sahoo, M. Ray
The primary objective of software testing is to locate bugs as many as possible in software by using an optimum set of test cases. Optimum set of test cases are obtained by selection procedure which can be viewed as an optimization problem. So metaheuristic optimizing (searching) techniques have been immensely used to automate software testing task. The application of metaheuristic searching techniques in software testing is termed as Search Based Testing. Non-redundant, reliable and optimized test cases can be generated by the search based testing with less effort and time. This article presents a systematic review on several meta heuristic techniques like Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm optimization, Ant Colony Optimization, Bee Colony optimization, Cuckoo Searches, Tabu Searches and some modified version of these algorithms used for test case generation. The authors also provide one framework, showing the advantages, limitations and future scope or gap of these research works which will help in further research on these works.
{"title":"Metaheuristic Techniques for Test Case Generation","authors":"R. Sahoo, M. Ray","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch052","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of software testing is to locate bugs as many as possible in software by using an optimum set of test cases. Optimum set of test cases are obtained by selection procedure which can be viewed as an optimization problem. So metaheuristic optimizing (searching) techniques have been immensely used to automate software testing task. The application of metaheuristic searching techniques in software testing is termed as Search Based Testing. Non-redundant, reliable and optimized test cases can be generated by the search based testing with less effort and time. This article presents a systematic review on several meta heuristic techniques like Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm optimization, Ant Colony Optimization, Bee Colony optimization, Cuckoo Searches, Tabu Searches and some modified version of these algorithms used for test case generation. The authors also provide one framework, showing the advantages, limitations and future scope or gap of these research works which will help in further research on these works.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132603347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2676-6.CH003
Harish Maringanti
Framing a technology question as a simple choice between developing an in- house application system and off-the- shelf proprietary system, or simply put, as a choice between build and buy, runs the risk of ignoring myriad options available in between the two extremes. In this era of cloud computing and run anything-as- a-service model, the very notion of developing an in-house application would raise a few eyebrows among C- level executives. How then can academic libraries, under mounting pressure to demonstrate their value (Oakleaf, 2010), justify investments in software development in particular? What follows in these sections is a brief discussion on the importance of investing in software development in libraries, three mini-case studies demonstrating the wide possibilities of integrating software development in library operations and a non- prescriptive model to assess which projects may be worth pursuing from the software development standpoint.
{"title":"A Decision Making Paradigm for Software Development in Libraries","authors":"Harish Maringanti","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2676-6.CH003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2676-6.CH003","url":null,"abstract":"Framing a technology question as a simple choice between developing an in- house application system and off-the- shelf proprietary system, or simply put, as a choice between build and buy, runs the risk of ignoring myriad options available in between the two extremes. In this era of cloud computing and run anything-as- a-service model, the very notion of developing an in-house application would raise a few eyebrows among C- level executives. How then can academic libraries, under mounting pressure to demonstrate their value (Oakleaf, 2010), justify investments in software development in particular? What follows in these sections is a brief discussion on the importance of investing in software development in libraries, three mini-case studies demonstrating the wide possibilities of integrating software development in library operations and a non- prescriptive model to assess which projects may be worth pursuing from the software development standpoint.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch095
James Prater, K. Kirytopoulos, T. Ma
Developing and delivering a project to an agreed schedule is fundamentally what project managers do. There is still an ongoing debate about schedule delays. This research investigates the development of schedules through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings reveal that half of the respondents believe that delays reported in the media are not real and should be attributed to scope changes. IT project managers estimating techniques include bottom-up estimates, analogy, and expert judgement. Impeding factors reported for the development of realistic schedules were technical (e.g. honest mistakes) and political (e.g. completion dates imposed by the sponsor). Respondents did not mention any psychological factors, although most were aware of optimism bias. However, they were not familiar with approaches to mitigate its impacts. Yet, when these techniques were mentioned, the overwhelming majority agreed that these mitigation approaches would change their schedule estimate.
{"title":"Dilbert Moments","authors":"James Prater, K. Kirytopoulos, T. Ma","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch095","url":null,"abstract":"Developing and delivering a project to an agreed schedule is fundamentally what project managers do. There is still an ongoing debate about schedule delays. This research investigates the development of schedules through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings reveal that half of the respondents believe that delays reported in the media are not real and should be attributed to scope changes. IT project managers estimating techniques include bottom-up estimates, analogy, and expert judgement. Impeding factors reported for the development of realistic schedules were technical (e.g. honest mistakes) and political (e.g. completion dates imposed by the sponsor). Respondents did not mention any psychological factors, although most were aware of optimism bias. However, they were not familiar with approaches to mitigate its impacts. Yet, when these techniques were mentioned, the overwhelming majority agreed that these mitigation approaches would change their schedule estimate.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"569 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120880015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch034
M. K. Pachariya
This article presents the empirical study of multi-criteria test case prioritization. In this article, a test case prioritization problem with time constraints is being solved by using the ant colony optimization (ACO) approach. The ACO is a meta-heuristic and nature-inspired approach that has been applied for the statement of a coverage-based test case prioritization problem. The proposed approach ranks test cases using statement coverage as a fitness criteria and the execution time as a constraint. The proposed approach is implemented in MatLab and validated on widely used benchmark dataset, freely available on the Software Infrastructure Repository (SIR). The results of experimental study show that the proposed ACO based approach provides near optimal solution to test case prioritization problem.
{"title":"Building Ant System for Multi-Faceted Test Case Prioritization","authors":"M. K. Pachariya","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch034","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the empirical study of multi-criteria test case prioritization. In this article, a test case prioritization problem with time constraints is being solved by using the ant colony optimization (ACO) approach. The ACO is a meta-heuristic and nature-inspired approach that has been applied for the statement of a coverage-based test case prioritization problem. The proposed approach ranks test cases using statement coverage as a fitness criteria and the execution time as a constraint. The proposed approach is implemented in MatLab and validated on widely used benchmark dataset, freely available on the Software Infrastructure Repository (SIR). The results of experimental study show that the proposed ACO based approach provides near optimal solution to test case prioritization problem.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121638201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch038
Jeya Mala Dharmalingam
Software quality is imperative for industrial strength software. This quality will be often determined by a few components present in the software which decides the entire functionality. If any of these components are not rigorously tested, the quality will be highly affected. Without knowing which of these components are really critical, it will not be possible to perform high level testing. Hence, to predict such fault-prone or critical components from the software prior to testing and prioritizing them during the testing process, an agent-based approach is proposed in this chapter. The framework developed as part of this work will certainly reduce the field failures and thus will improve the software quality. Further, this approach has also utilized important metrics to predict such components and also prioritized the components based on their critical value. Also, the work proposed in this research has also been compared with some of the existing approaches and the results reveal that, this work is a novel one and can both predict and test the components from the software.
{"title":"Impact Analysis of Intelligent Agents in Automatic Fault-Prone Components Prediction and Testing","authors":"Jeya Mala Dharmalingam","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch038","url":null,"abstract":"Software quality is imperative for industrial strength software. This quality will be often determined by a few components present in the software which decides the entire functionality. If any of these components are not rigorously tested, the quality will be highly affected. Without knowing which of these components are really critical, it will not be possible to perform high level testing. Hence, to predict such fault-prone or critical components from the software prior to testing and prioritizing them during the testing process, an agent-based approach is proposed in this chapter. The framework developed as part of this work will certainly reduce the field failures and thus will improve the software quality. Further, this approach has also utilized important metrics to predict such components and also prioritized the components based on their critical value. Also, the work proposed in this research has also been compared with some of the existing approaches and the results reveal that, this work is a novel one and can both predict and test the components from the software.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122628913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch014
V. Ponomarenko
The progress in the digital single market (DSM) has been acknowledged as one of the 10 political priorities by the European Commission since 2015. It could contribute € 415 billion per year (GDP) to the economy of the 28 EU Member States and create hundreds of thousands of new jobs. Nowadays, the ICT sector and the European Digital Agenda have declared it as one of the seven pillars of the Europe 2020 strategy. In order to speed up the development of new information technology and its commercialisation, it is necessary to increase software quality aimed at accelerating and improving technology transfer, taking into account process quality management. The aim of this article is to give an overview of a new approach to producing an additional value of the software development projects to improve the technology transfer process.
{"title":"The Applicability of Process-Orientation to Software Development Projects","authors":"V. Ponomarenko","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch014","url":null,"abstract":"The progress in the digital single market (DSM) has been acknowledged as one of the 10 political priorities by the European Commission since 2015. It could contribute € 415 billion per year (GDP) to the economy of the 28 EU Member States and create hundreds of thousands of new jobs. Nowadays, the ICT sector and the European Digital Agenda have declared it as one of the seven pillars of the Europe 2020 strategy. In order to speed up the development of new information technology and its commercialisation, it is necessary to increase software quality aimed at accelerating and improving technology transfer, taking into account process quality management. The aim of this article is to give an overview of a new approach to producing an additional value of the software development projects to improve the technology transfer process.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116924056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch044
A. Nogueira, J. Ribeiro, F. Fernández De Vega, M. Zenha-Rela
In object-oriented evolutionary testing, metaheuristics are employed to select or generate test data for object-oriented software. Techniques that analyse program structures are predominant among the panoply of studies available in current literature. For object-oriented evolutionary testing, the common objective is to reach some coverage criteria, usually in the form of statement or branch coverage. This chapter explores, reviews, and contextualizes relevant literature, tools, and techniques in this area, while identifying open problems and setting ground for future work.
{"title":"Evolutionary Approaches to Test Data Generation for Object-Oriented Software","authors":"A. Nogueira, J. Ribeiro, F. Fernández De Vega, M. Zenha-Rela","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3702-5.ch044","url":null,"abstract":"In object-oriented evolutionary testing, metaheuristics are employed to select or generate test data for object-oriented software. Techniques that analyse program structures are predominant among the panoply of studies available in current literature. For object-oriented evolutionary testing, the common objective is to reach some coverage criteria, usually in the form of statement or branch coverage. This chapter explores, reviews, and contextualizes relevant literature, tools, and techniques in this area, while identifying open problems and setting ground for future work.","PeriodicalId":429458,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Agile Software, Software Development, and Testing","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126376176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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