Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0004
Eva Duarte, Sofia Silva, Maria Gouveia-Pereira
Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors present high prevalence rates in adolescence. Aims: This study aimed to describe adolescents’ perceptions about these phenomena, and to analyze and compare the differences of these perceptions among adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal selfinjury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Methods: The convenience sample consisted of 452 adolescents in ages between 12 and 18 (M(SD) = 15.59(1.50), 48% male and 52% female. For data collection, the Free Association Test was used in a survey, and data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: Results showed that 10.8% of the participants presented a history of non-suicidal self-injury, 19.9% suicidal ideation, and 2.7% suicide attempts. Perceptions were grouped into eight dimensions: Consumption of Psychoactive Substances; Death/Suicide; Interpersonal Factors; Intrapersonal Factors; Moral Judgments; Negative Emotions; Psychological Functions; and Self-Injurious Methods. Further analysis revealed that adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts presented differences in their perceptions of these phenomena. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding regarding the perceptions of adolescents about these phenomena and might have implications regarding their prevention and intervention.
{"title":"Adolescents’ Perceptions About Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts","authors":"Eva Duarte, Sofia Silva, Maria Gouveia-Pereira","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors present high prevalence rates in adolescence. Aims: This study aimed to describe adolescents’ perceptions about these phenomena, and to analyze and compare the differences of these perceptions among adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal selfinjury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Methods: The convenience sample consisted of 452 adolescents in ages between 12 and 18 (M(SD) = 15.59(1.50), 48% male and 52% female. For data collection, the Free Association Test was used in a survey, and data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: Results showed that 10.8% of the participants presented a history of non-suicidal self-injury, 19.9% suicidal ideation, and 2.7% suicide attempts. Perceptions were grouped into eight dimensions: Consumption of Psychoactive Substances; Death/Suicide; Interpersonal Factors; Intrapersonal Factors; Moral Judgments; Negative Emotions; Psychological Functions; and Self-Injurious Methods. Further analysis revealed that adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts presented differences in their perceptions of these phenomena. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding regarding the perceptions of adolescents about these phenomena and might have implications regarding their prevention and intervention.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0006
Nina Phoenix, Julie Taylor
ntroduction: An NHS Mental Health Trust in England recently used an experimental staffing model by including Occupational Therapists (OT) in the staff numbers on ten working age adult acute inpatient wards. Aims: This study aims to compare different staffing models involving occupational therapists and make recommendations for preferred staffing models. Methods: This is a longitudinal comparative study of archived patient and multi-disciplinary electronic records and data collected from Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust. Areas of analysis included quantitative data and qualitative coding and theming, covering the period February 2016-June 2019 during the experimental staffing model, and July 2019-March 2021, when the model ended and teams were Occupational Therapy-led. Full ethical approval and consent was gained in 2020 from the Trust and University to request and access data to complete this research. Results: This experimental staffing model resulted in less delivery of Occupational Therapy specific interventions, resulting in poorer retention rates and impacting on patient and student experiences. Since working in Occupational Therapy led teams, the quality of Occupational Therapy interventions, job retention, student experiences, patient care and safety have improved. Conclusions: The recommended staffing model for working age acute mental health wards has Occupational Therapists embedded in OT-led teams. Staffing tools need to be developed that involve Allied Health Professional leaders and this field needs more research.
{"title":"Experimental Staffing Models in Inpatient Acute Mental Health Services. A Longitudinal Comparative Study of Occupational Therapy Services","authors":"Nina Phoenix, Julie Taylor","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"ntroduction: An NHS Mental Health Trust in England recently used an experimental staffing model by including Occupational Therapists (OT) in the staff numbers on ten working age adult acute inpatient wards. Aims: This study aims to compare different staffing models involving occupational therapists and make recommendations for preferred staffing models. Methods: This is a longitudinal comparative study of archived patient and multi-disciplinary electronic records and data collected from Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust. Areas of analysis included quantitative data and qualitative coding and theming, covering the period February 2016-June 2019 during the experimental staffing model, and July 2019-March 2021, when the model ended and teams were Occupational Therapy-led. Full ethical approval and consent was gained in 2020 from the Trust and University to request and access data to complete this research. Results: This experimental staffing model resulted in less delivery of Occupational Therapy specific interventions, resulting in poorer retention rates and impacting on patient and student experiences. Since working in Occupational Therapy led teams, the quality of Occupational Therapy interventions, job retention, student experiences, patient care and safety have improved. Conclusions: The recommended staffing model for working age acute mental health wards has Occupational Therapists embedded in OT-led teams. Staffing tools need to be developed that involve Allied Health Professional leaders and this field needs more research.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70942075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0002
Celina Ribeiro, H. Pereira
Introduction: Recognizing own’s emotions seems to have an important role regarding not only our overall well-being, but also our sexual functioning. Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the association or impact of alexithymia on female sexual functioning. Methods: 459 Portuguese women, with a mean age of 34.57 years (SD = 10.27), ranging from 18 to 65 years, completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Female Sexual Distress Scale – Revised (FSDS-R) and, additionally, completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), indicating if and when a sexual relationship occurred in the last month. Results: The results showed that higher levels of alexithymia were associated with worse sexual functioning and higher levels of sexual distress. Higher levels of sexual distress were associated with worse sexual functioning. It was possible to establish a significant linear regression model between dimensions of alexithymia (difficulties in identifying feelings and difficulties in describing feelings) and sexual distress in sexual functioning; the variables together explained about 45.2% of sexual functioning in these women. Conclusions: The results emphasize the relevance of alexithymia’s dimensions in sexual functioning concerning women with or without sexual dysfunction, since they present themselves as significant predictors. Professionals working in women’s sexual health should take this into account for more effective assessment and intervention in matters concerning sexual health.
{"title":"The Impacts of Alexithymia and Sexual Distress on Sexual Functioning Among Portuguese Women","authors":"Celina Ribeiro, H. Pereira","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recognizing own’s emotions seems to have an important role regarding not only our overall well-being, but also our sexual functioning. Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the association or impact of alexithymia on female sexual functioning. Methods: 459 Portuguese women, with a mean age of 34.57 years (SD = 10.27), ranging from 18 to 65 years, completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Female Sexual Distress Scale – Revised (FSDS-R) and, additionally, completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), indicating if and when a sexual relationship occurred in the last month. Results: The results showed that higher levels of alexithymia were associated with worse sexual functioning and higher levels of sexual distress. Higher levels of sexual distress were associated with worse sexual functioning. It was possible to establish a significant linear regression model between dimensions of alexithymia (difficulties in identifying feelings and difficulties in describing feelings) and sexual distress in sexual functioning; the variables together explained about 45.2% of sexual functioning in these women. Conclusions: The results emphasize the relevance of alexithymia’s dimensions in sexual functioning concerning women with or without sexual dysfunction, since they present themselves as significant predictors. Professionals working in women’s sexual health should take this into account for more effective assessment and intervention in matters concerning sexual health.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0005
H. Ayari, M. Zeller
Introduction: The association between psychosocial stressors and cardiovascular diseases had been suggested. Aims: This review was performed to assess, from literature data, the pertinence of using new biomarkers in the occurrence or prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in a psychosocial context. Methods: We choose to consider wide-ranging descriptions of psychological stressors (occupational stress, financial strain, marital stress, social isolation, etc.) that may induce or influence the cardiovascular diseases’ outcome. We addressed literature data confirming the link between candidate biomarkers, such as cortisol, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory cytokines, allostatic load, and cardiovascular diseases. Results and Conclusion: Herein we showed a link between cortisol, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the incidence or prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in a psychosocial context of stress. Allostatic load index was also identified as a pertinent tool in the assessment of the cumulative psychosocial stressors’ burden exerted on the body.
{"title":"Candidate Biomarkers to Evaluate the Association Between Psychosocial Stressors and Cardiovascular Diseases : A Short Review","authors":"H. Ayari, M. Zeller","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The association between psychosocial stressors and cardiovascular diseases had been suggested. Aims: This review was performed to assess, from literature data, the pertinence of using new biomarkers in the occurrence or prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in a psychosocial context. Methods: We choose to consider wide-ranging descriptions of psychological stressors (occupational stress, financial strain, marital stress, social isolation, etc.) that may induce or influence the cardiovascular diseases’ outcome. We addressed literature data confirming the link between candidate biomarkers, such as cortisol, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory cytokines, allostatic load, and cardiovascular diseases. Results and Conclusion: Herein we showed a link between cortisol, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the incidence or prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in a psychosocial context of stress. Allostatic load index was also identified as a pertinent tool in the assessment of the cumulative psychosocial stressors’ burden exerted on the body.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70942060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0007
Yasaman Ghafaryan Shirazi, J. Lindblom, R. Punamäki, Marianna Yli-Peltola, Kirsi Peltonen
Introduction: Difficulties in emotional awareness (EA) are often linked to the risk of internalizing problems (IP). Most empirical studies have found this association but have not considered possible state- and trait-related fluctuations in EA and IP assessments. Aims: We tested the directionality of the state-level associations, that is, whether EA at Time 1 predicts IP at Time 2 or the other way around. In line with previous research, we hypothesized that low EA would predict a subsequent increase in IP, as difficulties in emotional awareness dispose one to emotional problems. As an alternative model, we tested the trait-level associations between EA and IP. We hypothesized that a negative latent correlation exists between EA and IP, as common factors may cause them to be associated at the trait level. Methods: Participants were 68 students who completed the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire at two-time points with a one-month interval. We used the Cross-lagged Panel Model to test the state-level associations and structural equation modeling to test trait-level effects. Results: Results displayed no directional effect of EA on IP, and neither did IP predict EA within one month. However, we found a trait-level correlation between EA and IP. We discuss the preliminary results between state and trait level EA and IP in the context of the early developmental environment. Conclusions: This study is a preliminary test of state- and trait-level associations between EA and IP, which could be valuable for practitioners and clinicians.
{"title":"Emotional Awareness and Internalizing Problems : A Preliminary Test of State and Trait Associations among Adolescents","authors":"Yasaman Ghafaryan Shirazi, J. Lindblom, R. Punamäki, Marianna Yli-Peltola, Kirsi Peltonen","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Difficulties in emotional awareness (EA) are often linked to the risk of internalizing problems (IP). Most empirical studies have found this association but have not considered possible state- and trait-related fluctuations in EA and IP assessments. Aims: We tested the directionality of the state-level associations, that is, whether EA at Time 1 predicts IP at Time 2 or the other way around. In line with previous research, we hypothesized that low EA would predict a subsequent increase in IP, as difficulties in emotional awareness dispose one to emotional problems. As an alternative model, we tested the trait-level associations between EA and IP. We hypothesized that a negative latent correlation exists between EA and IP, as common factors may cause them to be associated at the trait level. Methods: Participants were 68 students who completed the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire at two-time points with a one-month interval. We used the Cross-lagged Panel Model to test the state-level associations and structural equation modeling to test trait-level effects. Results: Results displayed no directional effect of EA on IP, and neither did IP predict EA within one month. However, we found a trait-level correlation between EA and IP. We discuss the preliminary results between state and trait level EA and IP in the context of the early developmental environment. Conclusions: This study is a preliminary test of state- and trait-level associations between EA and IP, which could be valuable for practitioners and clinicians.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70942121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0009
Guadalupe de la Iglesia, Alejandro Castro Solano
Introduction: Differentiating between normal, pathological, and positive traits may be achieved by conceptualizing personality traits as a continuum in which these aspects could be placed as sickness or health poles. The tendency to focus on one aspect of the continuum to the detriment of the other has prompted the following question: What would be the outcome of studying both aspects conjointly? Aims: This study aimed at assessing the appropriateness of different personality adjustment indexes proposed by the Dual Personality Model. These indexes combine positive and pathological aspects of personality in a single measure. Methods: The sample was composed of 1061 individuals from the general Argentinian population (Mage=39.87, SD=14.68, 51% males). Results: Individuals who scored higher on the personality adjustment index (PAI) had higher positive traits and well-being, and lower pathological traits, psychological symptoms, and lack of personality functioning. Also, higher scores on each trait continuum index were related to favorable outcomes. Conclusions: It was concluded that PAI and trait continuum indexes are potentially useful measures for psychological research and for applied fields. The possibility of combining pathological and healthy aspects in a single measure makes it possible to view individuals in an integrated manner in any personality assessment. The indexes should be considered global measures which could be further complemented with a disaggregated analysis.
{"title":"Dual Personality Model: Adjustment Indexes Towards an Integrative View of Personality Traits in a Highly-educated Argentinian Sample","authors":"Guadalupe de la Iglesia, Alejandro Castro Solano","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Differentiating between normal, pathological, and positive traits may be achieved by conceptualizing personality traits as a continuum in which these aspects could be placed as sickness or health poles. The tendency to focus on one aspect of the continuum to the detriment of the other has prompted the following question: What would be the outcome of studying both aspects conjointly? Aims: This study aimed at assessing the appropriateness of different personality adjustment indexes proposed by the Dual Personality Model. These indexes combine positive and pathological aspects of personality in a single measure. Methods: The sample was composed of 1061 individuals from the general Argentinian population (Mage=39.87, SD=14.68, 51% males). Results: Individuals who scored higher on the personality adjustment index (PAI) had higher positive traits and well-being, and lower pathological traits, psychological symptoms, and lack of personality functioning. Also, higher scores on each trait continuum index were related to favorable outcomes. Conclusions: It was concluded that PAI and trait continuum indexes are potentially useful measures for psychological research and for applied fields. The possibility of combining pathological and healthy aspects in a single measure makes it possible to view individuals in an integrated manner in any personality assessment. The indexes should be considered global measures which could be further complemented with a disaggregated analysis.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70942447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0008
Ákos Erdős
Introduction: Caffeine is one of the most popular and consumed substances worldwide. The prevalence of caffeinated beverage consumption stands quite high among young people and in some professions, such as law enforcement. Aims: The aim of our study was to assess the lifetime and daily prevalence of caffeine consumption, the extent of consumption, and the prevalence of caffeine use disorder among law enforcement students. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Hungarian law enforcement students at the University of Public Service (Hungary) Faculty of Law Enforcement (UPS FLE). The study sample (N = 180) consisted of 57.2% male (n = 103) and 42.8% female (n = 77). The Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire (CUDQ) was used to measure caffeine use disorder among law enforcement students. Results: The lifetime prevalence of caffeine consumption is 98.3% (n = 177) among law enforcement students. Two-fifths (n = 72) of law enforcement students are classified as daily consumers. The average caffeine intake of daily consumers was 177.5 mg/day (range: 60–550 mg/day; SD = 89.54). The majority (64.7%; n = 110) of caffeine users had experienced at least one symptom of caffeine use disorder in the past 12 months. Conclusions: This is the first study on caffeine consumption among Hungarian law enforcement students. Previous results suggest that the consumption of a high dose of caffeine could compromise aiming accuracy and shot placement, thereby jeopardizing the health and welfare of law enforcement personnel. Our results may be useful for researchers, Hungarian and foreign law enforcement agencies and law enforcement colleges, and vocational schools as well.
{"title":"Coffee, Energy Drinks Consumption and Caffeine Use Disorder Among Law Enforcement College Students in Hungary","authors":"Ákos Erdős","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Caffeine is one of the most popular and consumed substances worldwide. The prevalence of caffeinated beverage consumption stands quite high among young people and in some professions, such as law enforcement. Aims: The aim of our study was to assess the lifetime and daily prevalence of caffeine consumption, the extent of consumption, and the prevalence of caffeine use disorder among law enforcement students. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Hungarian law enforcement students at the University of Public Service (Hungary) Faculty of Law Enforcement (UPS FLE). The study sample (N = 180) consisted of 57.2% male (n = 103) and 42.8% female (n = 77). The Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire (CUDQ) was used to measure caffeine use disorder among law enforcement students. Results: The lifetime prevalence of caffeine consumption is 98.3% (n = 177) among law enforcement students. Two-fifths (n = 72) of law enforcement students are classified as daily consumers. The average caffeine intake of daily consumers was 177.5 mg/day (range: 60–550 mg/day; SD = 89.54). The majority (64.7%; n = 110) of caffeine users had experienced at least one symptom of caffeine use disorder in the past 12 months. Conclusions: This is the first study on caffeine consumption among Hungarian law enforcement students. Previous results suggest that the consumption of a high dose of caffeine could compromise aiming accuracy and shot placement, thereby jeopardizing the health and welfare of law enforcement personnel. Our results may be useful for researchers, Hungarian and foreign law enforcement agencies and law enforcement colleges, and vocational schools as well.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70942327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0011
Lindsay Tremblay, William Van Gordon
Introduction: Nonattachment is a flexible and balanced way of relating to experiences that involves accepting or allowing, instead of clinging to, expectations or outcomes. Advancing the understanding of how people relate to nonattachment is important because of the associated mental health benefits. Aims: To qualitatively explore awareness of, and resistance to, nonattachment in a UK-based yoga community. Methods: A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted based on transcripts of ten semi-structured interviews. Results: Findings indicated a general lack of consensus in understanding nonattachment, with explanatory themes of (i) resistance related to external forces conflicting with internal knowing, (ii) bracing for impact, and (iii) difficulty navigating how to embrace nonattachment. However, despite the participants’ apparent implicit negativity towards nonattachment, they acknowledged its benefits for accommodating change. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the wider adoption and application of nonattachment in applied settings.
{"title":"Exploring Awareness and Resistance to Nonattachment in Relation to Mental Health : A Qualitative Study in a UK-Based Yoga Community","authors":"Lindsay Tremblay, William Van Gordon","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonattachment is a flexible and balanced way of relating to experiences that involves accepting or allowing, instead of clinging to, expectations or outcomes. Advancing the understanding of how people relate to nonattachment is important because of the associated mental health benefits. Aims: To qualitatively explore awareness of, and resistance to, nonattachment in a UK-based yoga community. Methods: A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted based on transcripts of ten semi-structured interviews. Results: Findings indicated a general lack of consensus in understanding nonattachment, with explanatory themes of (i) resistance related to external forces conflicting with internal knowing, (ii) bracing for impact, and (iii) difficulty navigating how to embrace nonattachment. However, despite the participants’ apparent implicit negativity towards nonattachment, they acknowledged its benefits for accommodating change. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the wider adoption and application of nonattachment in applied settings.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0012
Virág Zábó, Attila Oláh, Dávid Erát, András Vargha
Introduction: Several studies have shown the inconsistent factorial structures of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths between cultures. Aims: This paper describes an adapted Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults. Methods: Participants in three online self-report questionnaire-based crosssectional studies (Sn = 10,911) filled in the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths, the Global Well-being Scale, Huppert’s and Diener’s Flourishing Scales, and the Positivity Scale. Results: The exploratory factor analyses provided evidence for four factors: Wisdom and Knowledge; Humanity; Temperance; and Spirituality and Transcendence. The scales showed excellent internal consistency values in each study. The confirmatory factor analyses of the subsamples also showed a good fit. Low discriminant but excellent content validity was proved. Participants rated themselves highest on Humanity and lowest on Temperance. Women reported significantly higher values on both the Humanity and the Spirituality and Transcendence virtue scales than did men. The Wisdom and Knowledge virtue showed a positive correlation with education level. Among those living alone, Humanity was significantly lower, while the level of Humanity among married people stood significantly higher than in any other group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults serves as a suitable measure for assessing character strengths and virtues.
{"title":"Assessing Your Strengths : Hungarian Validation of the 24-Item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths on a Large Sample","authors":"Virág Zábó, Attila Oláh, Dávid Erát, András Vargha","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Several studies have shown the inconsistent factorial structures of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths between cultures. Aims: This paper describes an adapted Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults. Methods: Participants in three online self-report questionnaire-based crosssectional studies (Sn = 10,911) filled in the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths, the Global Well-being Scale, Huppert’s and Diener’s Flourishing Scales, and the Positivity Scale. Results: The exploratory factor analyses provided evidence for four factors: Wisdom and Knowledge; Humanity; Temperance; and Spirituality and Transcendence. The scales showed excellent internal consistency values in each study. The confirmatory factor analyses of the subsamples also showed a good fit. Low discriminant but excellent content validity was proved. Participants rated themselves highest on Humanity and lowest on Temperance. Women reported significantly higher values on both the Humanity and the Spirituality and Transcendence virtue scales than did men. The Wisdom and Knowledge virtue showed a positive correlation with education level. Among those living alone, Humanity was significantly lower, while the level of Humanity among married people stood significantly higher than in any other group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults serves as a suitable measure for assessing character strengths and virtues.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.18.2023.0001
Laura Kenny, P. Hyland, M. Cloitre, M. Shevlin
Introduction: Loneliness is linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Therefore, it is important to employ reliable and valid screening measures for early detection and treatment. A widely used scale for assessing loneliness is the shortened six-item Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS-6). Aims: To review and evaluate the factor structure of the DJGLS-6. Methods: Study 1 was a systematic review. To examine the factor structure of the DJGLS-6, peer-reviewed studies were reviewed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Study 2 tested the factor analytic models found in Study 1. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using data from a nationally representative sample of adults to assess the latent structure of the six-item scale. Results: In Study 1, findings from the two papers reviewed suggested that the scale measures two correlated dimensions: social and emotional loneliness. This finding was consistent with the results of Study 2. However, the fit statistics for the one and two-factor CFA models were not acceptable. Modification indices indicated that adding a cross-factor loading to allow item 2 (“I miss having people around”) of the social loneliness factor, to load on both the emotional and social factor, to load on both the emotional and social factors would significantly improve the fit of the model. Conclusions: The analysis failed to support previous findings concerning the robustness of the subscales. We recommend performing future evaluations of the scale and for the authors to consider changing item 2 accordingly.
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