Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.2.7
Andreas Wittrahm
„Anstand“ und „anständig“ – das sind Wörter, die der Rezensent aus seiner Kindheit in den 60er-Jahren des vergangenen Jahrhunderts kennt und nicht unbedingt in guter Erinnerung behalten hat. „Jetzt wird es unanständig. . .“ hieß es etwa im Elternhaus, wenn in eine Unterhaltungssendung im Fernsehen (Film, Serie oder Show) sexuelle Inhalte eindrangen. „Benehmt euch anständig“ hieß es, wenn die Kinder in den Gottesdienst, zu einer Feier oder sonst wo in die Öffentlichkeit aufbrachen. Die Ermahnung zielte darauf, ja nicht unangenehm (kritisch, „vorlaut“ oder einfach unangepasst) aufzufallen. Mit den Worten „Die haben keinen Anstand“ riss ein Lehrer die Plakate einiger Rockgruppen von den Wänden, mit denen der Klassenraum geschmückt war. Zu häufig wurde noch in der Nachkriegszeit „Anstand“ mit ungefragter Anpassung an Konventionen verwechselt, und folglich geriet der Begriff im großen kulturellen Umbruch der 60er und 70er-Jahre auch kräftig unter die Räder. Und dennoch greift ein kultur-politischer Essayist unserer Tage auf diesen Begriff zurück, um sich damit auseinanderzusetzen, was in unserer aktuellen Zivilisation schief läuft und wie sich der einzelne dazu verhalten kann. Es handelt sich – und darum sei das Buch den Lesern von EJMH gleich zu Beginn unbedingt ans Herz gelegt –, um einen moral-analytischen Essay mit einem tugend-ethischen Ansatz. Dabei gelingt es dem Autor, vielfältige Alltagsbeispiele aus dem täglichen Leben, aber auch aus der großen Politik mit menschlichen Grundtugenden wie Respekt und Empathie zu verknüpfen – ohne zu moralisieren. „Über den Anstand in schwierigen Zeiten und die Frage, wie wir miteinander umgehen“ – so lautet der Titel dieses im vergangenen Jahr veröffentlichten Essays, der binnen eines Jahres bereits vier Auflagen erzielte. Das Thema scheint den Nerv der Zeit zu treffen. Axel Hacke ist ein im deutschen Sprachraum ein sehr bekannter Essayist und Kolumnist, der seit vielen Jahren im Magazin der Süddeutschen Zeitung in einer Kolumne das politische Zeitgeschehen kommentiert und in seinen Büchern European Journal of Mental Health 13 (2018) 225–230 https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.7
{"title":"Anständig bleiben: Über den Zusammenhang von Respekt und Selbstbewusstsein in unseren Tagen","authors":"Andreas Wittrahm","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"„Anstand“ und „anständig“ – das sind Wörter, die der Rezensent aus seiner Kindheit in den 60er-Jahren des vergangenen Jahrhunderts kennt und nicht unbedingt in guter Erinnerung behalten hat. „Jetzt wird es unanständig. . .“ hieß es etwa im Elternhaus, wenn in eine Unterhaltungssendung im Fernsehen (Film, Serie oder Show) sexuelle Inhalte eindrangen. „Benehmt euch anständig“ hieß es, wenn die Kinder in den Gottesdienst, zu einer Feier oder sonst wo in die Öffentlichkeit aufbrachen. Die Ermahnung zielte darauf, ja nicht unangenehm (kritisch, „vorlaut“ oder einfach unangepasst) aufzufallen. Mit den Worten „Die haben keinen Anstand“ riss ein Lehrer die Plakate einiger Rockgruppen von den Wänden, mit denen der Klassenraum geschmückt war. Zu häufig wurde noch in der Nachkriegszeit „Anstand“ mit ungefragter Anpassung an Konventionen verwechselt, und folglich geriet der Begriff im großen kulturellen Umbruch der 60er und 70er-Jahre auch kräftig unter die Räder. Und dennoch greift ein kultur-politischer Essayist unserer Tage auf diesen Begriff zurück, um sich damit auseinanderzusetzen, was in unserer aktuellen Zivilisation schief läuft und wie sich der einzelne dazu verhalten kann. Es handelt sich – und darum sei das Buch den Lesern von EJMH gleich zu Beginn unbedingt ans Herz gelegt –, um einen moral-analytischen Essay mit einem tugend-ethischen Ansatz. Dabei gelingt es dem Autor, vielfältige Alltagsbeispiele aus dem täglichen Leben, aber auch aus der großen Politik mit menschlichen Grundtugenden wie Respekt und Empathie zu verknüpfen – ohne zu moralisieren. „Über den Anstand in schwierigen Zeiten und die Frage, wie wir miteinander umgehen“ – so lautet der Titel dieses im vergangenen Jahr veröffentlichten Essays, der binnen eines Jahres bereits vier Auflagen erzielte. Das Thema scheint den Nerv der Zeit zu treffen. Axel Hacke ist ein im deutschen Sprachraum ein sehr bekannter Essayist und Kolumnist, der seit vielen Jahren im Magazin der Süddeutschen Zeitung in einer Kolumne das politische Zeitgeschehen kommentiert und in seinen Büchern European Journal of Mental Health 13 (2018) 225–230 https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.7","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.4
A. Stauder, Z. Cserháti, B. K. Thege
Background: Chronic work-related stress has a negative impact on both physical and mental health. The present translational study’s goal was to investigate the effectiveness of an individualfocused, standardised coping skills training provided outside the employment setting. Methods: 89 working individuals (76 women, 13 men; mean age: 41.3 years) from diverse occupational backgrounds completed a 12-hour stress management program. Work stress and overcommitment were measured by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Outcome variables included perceived stress (PSS10), anxiety(STAI-T), depressive(BDI), and subjective somatic symptoms (PHQ15), as well as well-being (WHO-WB5), life meaning (BSCI-LM), coping skills (LSS), and overall life satisfaction. Results: The post-intervention scores showed no change in work-related stress or overcommitment, whilst coping skills improved. Further, anxiety-, depressionand somatic symptoms decreased significantly and there was a significant increase in well-being, life meaning, and life satisfaction scores. These improvements were observed mostly in the subgroup reporting higher initial levels of work stress, associated with higher symptom scores. In the low-stress subgroup, only coping skills, perceived stress, and life meaning scores improved. Conclusions: A short, well-structured multimodal coping skills training can significantly reduce overall stress level and stress-related symptoms, and improve well-being and satisfaction in employees suffering from high work stress even if the work environment remains unchanged.
{"title":"Decreasing the Negative Effects of Work-Related Stress in Unchanged Working Environments","authors":"A. Stauder, Z. Cserháti, B. K. Thege","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic work-related stress has a negative impact on both physical and mental health. The present translational study’s goal was to investigate the effectiveness of an individualfocused, standardised coping skills training provided outside the employment setting. Methods: 89 working individuals (76 women, 13 men; mean age: 41.3 years) from diverse occupational backgrounds completed a 12-hour stress management program. Work stress and overcommitment were measured by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Outcome variables included perceived stress (PSS10), anxiety(STAI-T), depressive(BDI), and subjective somatic symptoms (PHQ15), as well as well-being (WHO-WB5), life meaning (BSCI-LM), coping skills (LSS), and overall life satisfaction. Results: The post-intervention scores showed no change in work-related stress or overcommitment, whilst coping skills improved. Further, anxiety-, depressionand somatic symptoms decreased significantly and there was a significant increase in well-being, life meaning, and life satisfaction scores. These improvements were observed mostly in the subgroup reporting higher initial levels of work stress, associated with higher symptom scores. In the low-stress subgroup, only coping skills, perceived stress, and life meaning scores improved. Conclusions: A short, well-structured multimodal coping skills training can significantly reduce overall stress level and stress-related symptoms, and improve well-being and satisfaction in employees suffering from high work stress even if the work environment remains unchanged.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.7
Szende A. Elekes
Our research is based on the literature that shows meaningfulness is a correlate of mental health both in the general population and in the case of patients with a serious illness such as cancer. We had two major goals: 1) to identify the meaning-categories patients find in their illness; 2) to test the relationships between perceived meaning of life, meaning of illness and negative indicators of well-being, like automatic thoughts, anxiety, depression in the case of a population of cancer patients from Romania. This study was completed in March-June of 2012. A number of 102 cancer patients, interned in the ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Oncology Institute in Romania, completed a battery of scales that measured perceived meaning of life (Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Meaning in Life after Cancer), the intensity of automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire), anxiety, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and answered the question whether they found any meaning in their lives. We could identify the following categories of meaning patients found in their illness: character change, greater appreciation of life, change of priorities, spiritual growth, greater appreciation of close relationships, clarification of goals, development of self-knowledge. In accordance with the literature, our results show that perceived meaning of life (measured by MLaC), correlates negatively with automatic thoughts (r = –0.606), anxiety (r = –0.576), and depression (r = –0.542), and these relations are significant (p = 0.000). Patients who found their illness meaningful, found more meaning in their lives as well (t = 3.041, p = 0.003), and they showed lower levels of anxiety and depression, but these correlations are not significant (p = 0.567 and 0.116).
{"title":"The Relation of Perceived Meaning of Life, Meaning of Illness and Anxious-Depressive Symptoms among Cancer Patients","authors":"Szende A. Elekes","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Our research is based on the literature that shows meaningfulness is a correlate of mental health both in the general population and in the case of patients with a serious illness such as cancer. We had two major goals: 1) to identify the meaning-categories patients find in their illness; 2) to test the relationships between perceived meaning of life, meaning of illness and negative indicators of well-being, like automatic thoughts, anxiety, depression in the case of a population of cancer patients from Romania. \u0000 This study was completed in March-June of 2012. A number of 102 cancer patients, interned in the ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Oncology Institute in Romania, completed a battery of scales that measured perceived meaning of life (Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Meaning in Life after Cancer), the intensity of automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire), anxiety, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and answered the question whether they found any meaning in their lives. \u0000 We could identify the following categories of meaning patients found in their illness: character change, greater appreciation of life, change of priorities, spiritual growth, greater appreciation of close relationships, clarification of goals, development of self-knowledge. \u0000 In accordance with the literature, our results show that perceived meaning of life (measured by MLaC), correlates negatively with automatic thoughts (r = –0.606), anxiety (r = –0.576), and depression (r = –0.542), and these relations are significant (p = 0.000). Patients who found their illness meaningful, found more meaning in their lives as well (t = 3.041, p = 0.003), and they showed lower levels of anxiety and depression, but these correlations are not significant (p = 0.567 and 0.116).","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.12.2017.2.6
M. Abbasi
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia as moderators between perceived social support and Stress among parents of children with Learning Disabilities. The convenience sample of the study consisted of 98 parents of children with Learning Disabilities from Ahwaz (Iran). This descriptive correlational study was conducted in 2014–15. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GCE), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were completed by parents. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the moderating role of Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia. The results revealed that Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia were moderators in the relationship between Perceived social support and Stress. The findings supported the hypothesis that higher levels of self-efficacy (see: Figure 1) would be associated with lower levels of Stress, and that lower levels of Alexithymia (see: Figure 2) would be associated with lower levels of Stress.
{"title":"Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia as Moderators between perceived social support and Stress among Parents of Children with Learning Disabilities","authors":"M. Abbasi","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.12.2017.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.12.2017.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia as moderators between perceived social support and Stress among parents of children with Learning Disabilities. The convenience sample of the study consisted of 98 parents of children with Learning Disabilities from Ahwaz (Iran). This descriptive correlational study was conducted in 2014–15. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GCE), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were completed by parents. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the moderating role of Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia. The results revealed that Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia were moderators in the relationship between Perceived social support and Stress. The findings supported the hypothesis that higher levels of self-efficacy (see: Figure 1) would be associated with lower levels of Stress, and that lower levels of Alexithymia (see: Figure 2) would be associated with lower levels of Stress.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48317274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.4
Lídia Berszán
In 2002–2004, during a research about families taking care of disabled children or adults, we created the criteria of coping successfully. Interpreting through this filter the resulting data and the responses a coping profile has outlined. Ten years later, we repeated the survey and found that in the interpretation of the data, the coping criteria from the first research was not sustainable. To better understand this phenomenon, we performed in-depth interviews and we added a CHIP (Coping Health Inventory For Parents) questionnaire that provides insight to coping behaviours used by parents. The results we obtained further highlighted our suspicion that the factor of successful coping from the first period of facing disabilities significantly changed through the years. This phenomenon can be interpreted not only in terms of the life of individual families, but also shows the overlaps and differences between the meanings of the terms ‘coping’ and ‘resilience’, and the professional challenge brought by the supported resilience in the ‚overseeing’ of these families.
{"title":"Positive Coping And Resilience: Questions and Conclusions Drawn From A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Lídia Berszán","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"In 2002–2004, during a research about families taking care of disabled children or adults, we created the criteria of coping successfully. Interpreting through this filter the resulting data and the responses a coping profile has outlined. Ten years later, we repeated the survey and found that in the interpretation of the data, the coping criteria from the first research was not sustainable. To better understand this phenomenon, we performed in-depth interviews and we added a CHIP (Coping Health Inventory For Parents) questionnaire that provides insight to coping behaviours used by parents. The results we obtained further highlighted our suspicion that the factor of successful coping from the first period of facing disabilities significantly changed through the years. \u0000 This phenomenon can be interpreted not only in terms of the life of individual families, but also shows the overlaps and differences between the meanings of the terms ‘coping’ and ‘resilience’, and the professional challenge brought by the supported resilience in the ‚overseeing’ of these families.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49483265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.5
Z. Szeman, A. Tróbert
The present study focuses on the potential of extension of social innovation in social services in long-term care. The aim of the paper is to analyse barriers and drivers according to different care regimes: 1. standard care-mix regimes; 2. universal-Nordic; 3. family-based; 4. Central and Eastern European. Applying different qualitative methods (mapping of initiatives, 62 good examples of which 18 were in-depth, expert interviews, focus groups), the paper is going to explore similarities and differences between care regimes with a special focus on Central and Eastern Europe to see whether the Central and Eastern European care regime can be considered as a special one or not. It becomes clear from the analysis that there are similarities and differences between the individual care regimes and it is of fundamental importance that these as well as the good practices should be widely known and transferred or adapted to the given care structure. This requires continuous mapping and research.
{"title":"Social Innovation in the Provision of Services in Long-term Care","authors":"Z. Szeman, A. Tróbert","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the potential of extension of social innovation in social services in long-term care. The aim of the paper is to analyse barriers and drivers according to different care regimes: 1. standard care-mix regimes; 2. universal-Nordic; 3. family-based; 4. Central and Eastern European. Applying different qualitative methods (mapping of initiatives, 62 good examples of which 18 were in-depth, expert interviews, focus groups), the paper is going to explore similarities and differences between care regimes with a special focus on Central and Eastern Europe to see whether the Central and Eastern European care regime can be considered as a special one or not. \u0000 It becomes clear from the analysis that there are similarities and differences between the individual care regimes and it is of fundamental importance that these as well as the good practices should be widely known and transferred or adapted to the given care structure. This requires continuous mapping and research.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47062439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.4
Anson Au
The stress process model in the sociological study of stress has changed over the thirty years of its use, developed continually to reflect changes in society and to include intellectual refinement. This paper represents a review that aims to do the same, filling the gaps in the original model with the inclusion of major developments in its structure and new social dimensions. An examination of the model’s key components reveals: its causes and manifestations, the intervention of resources that moderate its effects, and its consequences on an individual in terms of mental health and social adversities. In visitation of the dynamics of the stress process, I present a critical analysis that involves an investigation of the findings of research literature while considering recent trends, including the decline of the nuclear family and the influence of non-Western cultures among immigrants and minority groups. Thus, asserted on the case that the considerations undertaken by literature are again at a point requiring intellectual reform, this critique endeavours to articulate an updated, foundational version of the original model and to offer appraisals that could lend themselves as points for further development and study.
{"title":"The sociological study of stress: an analysis and critique of the stress process model","authors":"Anson Au","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The stress process model in the sociological study of stress has changed over the thirty years of its use, developed continually to reflect changes in society and to include intellectual refinement. This paper represents a review that aims to do the same, filling the gaps in the original model with the inclusion of major developments in its structure and new social dimensions. An examination of the model’s key components reveals: its causes and manifestations, the intervention of resources that moderate its effects, and its consequences on an individual in terms of mental health and social adversities. In visitation of the dynamics of the stress process, I present a critical analysis that involves an investigation of the findings of research literature while considering recent trends, including the decline of the nuclear family and the influence of non-Western cultures among immigrants and minority groups. Thus, asserted on the case that the considerations undertaken by literature are again at a point requiring intellectual reform, this critique endeavours to articulate an updated, foundational version of the original model and to offer appraisals that could lend themselves as points for further development and study.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41906299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.6
Eva Morovicsová, A. Heretik, A. Heretik, I. Škodáček
Authors present the history of psychotherapy in Slovakia. The first section refers to the social requirements for psychology and psychotherapy development. The history of psychotherapy alone is analysed in three stages of development. The first stage includes the years 1918–1945, where, related to the activities of the Clinic of Psychiatry and Neurology of the Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University in Bratislava, we come across the first attempts at applying psychothera - peutic approaches in medical practice and in the training of physicians. The second developmental stage (1945–1989) introduces individuals that significantly influenced the development of psychotherapeutic theories and their application in individual fields of clinical practice. They simultaneously show the contribution of the training school SUR to the development of psychotherapy in Slovakia. The most significant changes in the aspect of domestication and development of psychotherapy in Slovakia happened in the last characterised stage, in the period following the Velvet Revolution in 1989. The previously almost unavailable psychotherapeutic literature became available and psychotherapy was gradually introduced into the undergraduate and postgraduate education of physicians and other professionals. The first Slovak Society of Psychotherapy was founded and became a common ground for professionals in this field. In the final section of this paper, the authors present current questions and problems of the development, research and application of psychotherapy in Slovakia and briefly characterise the influence of legislation changes and reforms in healthcare on the position of psychotherapy.
{"title":"History of Psychotherapy in Slovakia","authors":"Eva Morovicsová, A. Heretik, A. Heretik, I. Škodáček","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Authors present the history of psychotherapy in Slovakia. The first section refers to the social \u0000requirements for psychology and psychotherapy development. The history of psychotherapy alone \u0000is analysed in three stages of development. The first stage includes the years 1918–1945, where, \u0000related to the activities of the Clinic of Psychiatry and Neurology of the Faculty of Medicine of \u0000Comenius University in Bratislava, we come across the first attempts at applying psychothera - \u0000peutic approaches in medical practice and in the training of physicians. The second developmental \u0000stage (1945–1989) introduces individuals that significantly influenced the development of psychotherapeutic \u0000theories and their application in individual fields of clinical practice. They simultaneously \u0000show the contribution of the training school SUR to the development of psychotherapy \u0000in Slovakia. The most significant changes in the aspect of domestication and development of psychotherapy \u0000in Slovakia happened in the last characterised stage, in the period following the Velvet \u0000Revolution in 1989. The previously almost unavailable psychotherapeutic literature became available \u0000and psychotherapy was gradually introduced into the undergraduate and postgraduate education \u0000of physicians and other professionals. The first Slovak Society of Psychotherapy was founded \u0000and became a common ground for professionals in this field. In the final section of this paper, the \u0000authors present current questions and problems of the development, research and application of \u0000psychotherapy in Slovakia and briefly characterise the influence of legislation changes and reforms \u0000in healthcare on the position of psychotherapy.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44367377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.3
C. Bálity, Bálint Duráczky
In our study, we aimed at examining the childbearing desires of adolescents and young adults living in Hungarian large families. Two different methods were used during the dyadic data analysis. On the one hand, correlation between the fertility desires of siblings, on the other hand, the absolute difference in the planned number of children was measured. The data indicate that in two out of the three dyads of siblings, created by the order of birth, significant correlation can be measured. Pseudo-dyads were created in order to test if the above mentioned parallel data can be explained by the similar socio-demographic characteristics of the sample families. The correlation disappeared in case of the randomly paired adolescents and young adults. All in all, family background is likely to have a more important impact on fertility desires of youngsters than similar social environment.
{"title":"Fertility Desires of Adolescents and Young Adults Living in Large Families: The Role of the Family of Origin and the Cultural Stereotypes","authors":"C. Bálity, Bálint Duráczky","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In our study, we aimed at examining the childbearing desires of adolescents and young adults living \u0000in Hungarian large families. Two different methods were used during the dyadic data analysis. On \u0000the one hand, correlation between the fertility desires of siblings, on the other hand, the absolute \u0000difference in the planned number of children was measured. The data indicate that in two out of the \u0000three dyads of siblings, created by the order of birth, significant correlation can be measured. \u0000Pseudo-dyads were created in order to test if the above mentioned parallel data can be explained by \u0000the similar socio-demographic characteristics of the sample families. The correlation disappeared \u0000in case of the randomly paired adolescents and young adults. All in all, family background is likely \u0000to have a more important impact on fertility desires of youngsters than similar social environment.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7
M. A. Rafi, N. Adibsereshki, M. H. Aval
Although the consequences of emotional maltreatment have not been extensively investigated, experiences of emotional maltreatment or abuse have been associated with powerful and enduring psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which emotional maltreatment contributed to emotional disorders, and the role of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) in relationships of emotional maltreatment and emotional disorders in pre-adolescents. This study used the correlation-modelling design. A total of 492 junior high students participated in the study. The emotional abuse or maltreatment questionnaire made by NOROUZI (2012), the Achenbach self-report emotional disorders questionnaire preadolescence form (ACHENBACH & RESCORLA 2001), and the Early Maladaptive Schemas questionnaire (RIJKEBOER& DE BOO 2010) were used to measure and analyse emotional maltreatment and EMS in the students. The findings indicated that emotional maltreatment can directly lead to emotional disorders (anxiety, affective disorder) and schemas such as loneliness, submission and vulnerability. Emotional maltreatment was a significant predictor of emotional disorders. Findings of this study can inform parents and those who treat children in negative ways (maltreatment) of their impact on children’s emotions and of the negative outcomes.
虽然情感虐待的后果尚未得到广泛调查，但情感虐待或虐待的经历与强大而持久的心理问题有关。摘要本研究旨在探讨情绪虐待对情绪障碍的影响程度，以及早期适应不良图式(EMS)在青春期前情绪虐待与情绪障碍关系中的作用。本研究采用相关模型设计。共有492名初中生参与了本研究。采用NOROUZI(2012)的情绪虐待或虐待问卷、Achenbach青春期前自我报告情绪障碍问卷(Achenbach & RESCORLA 2001)和早期适应不良图式问卷(RIJKEBOER& DE BOO 2010)对学生的情绪虐待和EMS进行测量和分析。研究结果表明，情绪虐待可直接导致情绪障碍(焦虑、情感障碍)和孤独、服从、脆弱等图式。情绪虐待是情绪障碍的显著预测因子。这项研究的发现可以告知父母和那些以消极方式对待儿童(虐待)的人，他们对儿童情绪的影响和负面结果。
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas in the Relationships of Emotional Maltreatment and Emotional Disorders","authors":"M. A. Rafi, N. Adibsereshki, M. H. Aval","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Although the consequences of emotional maltreatment have not been extensively investigated, \u0000experiences of emotional maltreatment or abuse have been associated with powerful and enduring \u0000psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which emotional \u0000maltreatment contributed to emotional disorders, and the role of Early Maladaptive Schemas \u0000(EMS) in relationships of emotional maltreatment and emotional disorders in pre-adolescents. This \u0000study used the correlation-modelling design. A total of 492 junior high students participated in the \u0000study. The emotional abuse or maltreatment questionnaire made by NOROUZI (2012), the Achenbach \u0000self-report emotional disorders questionnaire preadolescence form (ACHENBACH & RESCORLA \u00002001), and the Early Maladaptive Schemas questionnaire (RIJKEBOER& DE BOO 2010) were used \u0000to measure and analyse emotional maltreatment and EMS in the students. The findings indicated \u0000that emotional maltreatment can directly lead to emotional disorders (anxiety, affective disorder) \u0000and schemas such as loneliness, submission and vulnerability. Emotional maltreatment was a significant \u0000predictor of emotional disorders. Findings of this study can inform parents and those who \u0000treat children in negative ways (maltreatment) of their impact on children’s emotions and of the \u0000negative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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