This study was conducted to assess the investigative capacity of the Commission on Administrative Justice (CAJ) also known as Office of the Ombudsman, Kenya, in ensuring administrative justice. The study appreciated that the core mandate of CAJ is to ensure administrative justice in the Kenyan public sector through investigating cases of maladministration. The study aimed to fill a gap where previous studies undertaken have focused on the general mandate of the institution whereas this study focused on its investigative mandate. The study adopts that a major determinant of the investigative capacity is the legal framework underpinning the Ombudsman. As such, the objective of the study was to examine how the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigative function affects its capacity to ensure administrative justice. The study was guided by the agency and accountability theories. The research was conducted at the Commission’s headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and employed a descriptive study design. Data was collected through questionnaires to the respondents and an analysis of investigation records was also conducted. Census survey and purposive sampling were employed in selecting the respondents while probability sampling was employed in the selection of investigation records for analysis. Secondary data in form of reports, legal instruments, and court judgments were also reviewed and analysed. Statistical packages for social sciences as well as advanced excel were used to analyse quantitative data while qualitative data was analysed and arranged according to thematic areas. A spearman correlation test was undertaken and results indicated a positive relationship between investigative capacity of the Ombudsman and its achievement of administrative justice. The study found that the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigations is insufficient and in that regard it was recommended that the CAJ Act, 2011 be amended to empower the Ombudsman to enforce recommendations arising from its investigations. Keywords: Ombudsman, legal framework, administrative justice, investigative capacity
{"title":"Examining the Investigative Capacity of the Ombudsman in Addressing Administrative Justice in Kenya","authors":"Moses Msengeti, Heather Kipchumba","doi":"10.53819/81018102t6057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6057","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assess the investigative capacity of the Commission on Administrative Justice (CAJ) also known as Office of the Ombudsman, Kenya, in ensuring administrative justice. The study appreciated that the core mandate of CAJ is to ensure administrative justice in the Kenyan public sector through investigating cases of maladministration. The study aimed to fill a gap where previous studies undertaken have focused on the general mandate of the institution whereas this study focused on its investigative mandate. The study adopts that a major determinant of the investigative capacity is the legal framework underpinning the Ombudsman. As such, the objective of the study was to examine how the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigative function affects its capacity to ensure administrative justice. The study was guided by the agency and accountability theories. The research was conducted at the Commission’s headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and employed a descriptive study design. Data was collected through questionnaires to the respondents and an analysis of investigation records was also conducted. Census survey and purposive sampling were employed in selecting the respondents while probability sampling was employed in the selection of investigation records for analysis. Secondary data in form of reports, legal instruments, and court judgments were also reviewed and analysed. Statistical packages for social sciences as well as advanced excel were used to analyse quantitative data while qualitative data was analysed and arranged according to thematic areas. A spearman correlation test was undertaken and results indicated a positive relationship between investigative capacity of the Ombudsman and its achievement of administrative justice. The study found that the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigations is insufficient and in that regard it was recommended that the CAJ Act, 2011 be amended to empower the Ombudsman to enforce recommendations arising from its investigations. Keywords: Ombudsman, legal framework, administrative justice, investigative capacity","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121338334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achieving UHC has remained a severe challenge globally, with countries experiencing severe gaps in the healthcare delivery system. Therefore, this research intends to bridge the gap by investigating UHC's effects on healthcare services in Kilifi County. The study aims to establish how accessibility affects health service delivery in public hospitals in Kilifi County. Institutional and new public management theories guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive research design and targeted a total of 2875 participants comprising both healthcare workers and patients attending the healthcare facilities and senior healthcare management team. The researcher adopted stratified random and convenience sampling to select 288 subjects for the study. A pilot study was undertaken to establish the validity and reliability of data collection instruments. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire for quantitative data and an interview guide for qualitative data, and the results were presented using percentages and frequency tables. Descriptive statistics and a regression model were used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data utilized thematic analysis. The results from the study showed that there was a significant association between accessibility factors for the patients where availability of services was associated with increased service delivery OR =1.25,95% CI=0.90-1.74, p=0.190) while staying further away from the facility is associated with decreased service delivery (OR) =0.76,95% CI=0.34-1.67, p=0.49). Similarly, easy accessibility was associated with improved service delivery on healthcare workers' factors OR =1.09,95% CI=0.21-5.68, p=0.9180). Thematic analysis revealed similar findings where increased accessibility was associated with increased service delivery. The results of the study were used to make recommendations for improving accessibility through integrating healthcare services within different departments and healthcare facilities using ICT. Finally, the study recommends further research on how technology in healthcare will increase accessibility.
{"title":"Effects of Accessibility on Health Service Delivery in Public Hospitals in Kilifi County, Kenya","authors":"Charles Chesaro, Heather Kipchumba","doi":"10.53819/81018102t3078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t3078","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving UHC has remained a severe challenge globally, with countries experiencing severe gaps in the healthcare delivery system. Therefore, this research intends to bridge the gap by investigating UHC's effects on healthcare services in Kilifi County. The study aims to establish how accessibility affects health service delivery in public hospitals in Kilifi County. Institutional and new public management theories guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive research design and targeted a total of 2875 participants comprising both healthcare workers and patients attending the healthcare facilities and senior healthcare management team. The researcher adopted stratified random and convenience sampling to select 288 subjects for the study. A pilot study was undertaken to establish the validity and reliability of data collection instruments. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire for quantitative data and an interview guide for qualitative data, and the results were presented using percentages and frequency tables. Descriptive statistics and a regression model were used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data utilized thematic analysis. The results from the study showed that there was a significant association between accessibility factors for the patients where availability of services was associated with increased service delivery OR =1.25,95% CI=0.90-1.74, p=0.190) while staying further away from the facility is associated with decreased service delivery (OR) =0.76,95% CI=0.34-1.67, p=0.49). Similarly, easy accessibility was associated with improved service delivery on healthcare workers' factors OR =1.09,95% CI=0.21-5.68, p=0.9180). Thematic analysis revealed similar findings where increased accessibility was associated with increased service delivery. The results of the study were used to make recommendations for improving accessibility through integrating healthcare services within different departments and healthcare facilities using ICT. Finally, the study recommends further research on how technology in healthcare will increase accessibility.","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117083631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) Policy on the cost of imported cargo transport in Kenya","authors":"","doi":"10.53819/81018102t5158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122069400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first case of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The virus was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 11, 2020. In East Africa, Kenya was leading with 250,000 cases as at October 30th 2021. The Ministry of Health (MoH) was tasked with responding to the pandemic to contain the spread. This was a qualitative study and the study objectives included; determining how decision-making process occurs, strategies to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 to the reproductive health care system, exploring the role of the ad-hoc committee of experts and the COVID-19 Task Force in the response and finding out the factors that policy actors consider when formulating policies. Taguette Software was used to analyze the data qualitatively. The study findings from key informants and document analysis established that, leadership, coordination and collaboration from the different sectors for the COVID-19 response was key. Societal values influenced policy decisions. The study established that, where major political elites had most power, policy was actioned. The MoH should develop contextualized mitigation plans to sustain service provision; focusing on capacity strengthening of providers on emergency responses, task shifting and tele-health. Policy guidelines should be continuously updated to reflect the current status at the national and sub-national levels. In conclusion, the health policy triangle provided a framework for simplifying the complex and dynamic nature of policy making but little consideration to other aspects that describe how and why policies are modified were considered. This needs to be exhaustive. Keywords: COVID-19, Reproductive Healthcare System, Guidelines, Mitigation, Decision Making, Policy Action, Kenya & Task Force
{"title":"Policy Guidelines to Mitigate the Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic towards the Reproductive Healthcare System in Kenya: A Review","authors":"Alex Omari","doi":"10.53819/81018102t2117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t2117","url":null,"abstract":"The first case of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The virus was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 11, 2020. In East Africa, Kenya was leading with 250,000 cases as at October 30th 2021. The Ministry of Health (MoH) was tasked with responding to the pandemic to contain the spread. This was a qualitative study and the study objectives included; determining how decision-making process occurs, strategies to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 to the reproductive health care system, exploring the role of the ad-hoc committee of experts and the COVID-19 Task Force in the response and finding out the factors that policy actors consider when formulating policies. Taguette Software was used to analyze the data qualitatively. The study findings from key informants and document analysis established that, leadership, coordination and collaboration from the different sectors for the COVID-19 response was key. Societal values influenced policy decisions. The study established that, where major political elites had most power, policy was actioned. The MoH should develop contextualized mitigation plans to sustain service provision; focusing on capacity strengthening of providers on emergency responses, task shifting and tele-health. Policy guidelines should be continuously updated to reflect the current status at the national and sub-national levels. In conclusion, the health policy triangle provided a framework for simplifying the complex and dynamic nature of policy making but little consideration to other aspects that describe how and why policies are modified were considered. This needs to be exhaustive. Keywords: COVID-19, Reproductive Healthcare System, Guidelines, Mitigation, Decision Making, Policy Action, Kenya & Task Force","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116832664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding multi-scale interactions and their effects across spatial, temporal, and organizational scales are important aspects of designing effective environmental governance policies. Problems of scale are intrinsic to environmental governance, where managing natural resources across political jurisdictions and biophysical scales is a familiar theme in the complex human–environment relations (Cash et al. 2006, Newig & Moss, 2017). Some agreement has emerged that scale is fundamentally a relational concept that is socially constructed and both fluid and fixed (Norman et al. 2015) and must therefore be considered when analyzing effectiveness of environmental governance policies. However, what form such an analysis should take to accurately capture the multifaceted relations and interactions, remains an open question. Given that policies designed for environmental governance often carry objectives at larger geophysical scales of resource management, the design and implementation strategies of such policies must include better description of how different design aspects and implementation measures lead towards long-term sustainability and equitable outcomes (Syed & Choudhury, 2018).
理解多尺度相互作用及其在空间、时间和组织尺度上的影响是设计有效环境治理政策的重要方面。规模问题是环境治理的内在问题，在复杂的人与环境关系中，跨政治管辖范围和生物物理尺度管理自然资源是一个熟悉的主题(Cash et al. 2006, Newig & Moss, 2017)。一些共识已经出现，即规模从根本上是一个社会建构的关系概念，既流动又固定(Norman et al. 2015)，因此在分析环境治理政策的有效性时必须考虑规模。然而，这种分析应该采取什么样的形式才能准确地捕捉到多方面的关系和相互作用，仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。鉴于为环境治理而设计的政策往往具有更大的资源管理地球物理尺度的目标，此类政策的设计和实施策略必须包括更好地描述不同的设计方面和实施措施如何导致长期可持续性和公平的结果(Syed & Choudhury, 2018)。
{"title":"Scale-Descale-Rescale – An Emerging Analytical Tool","authors":"Tahira Syed","doi":"10.53819/81018102t4116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4116","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding multi-scale interactions and their effects across spatial, temporal, and organizational scales are important aspects of designing effective environmental governance policies. Problems of scale are intrinsic to environmental governance, where managing natural resources across political jurisdictions and biophysical scales is a familiar theme in the complex human–environment relations (Cash et al. 2006, Newig & Moss, 2017). Some agreement has emerged that scale is fundamentally a relational concept that is socially constructed and both fluid and fixed (Norman et al. 2015) and must therefore be considered when analyzing effectiveness of environmental governance policies. However, what form such an analysis should take to accurately capture the multifaceted relations and interactions, remains an open question. Given that policies designed for environmental governance often carry objectives at larger geophysical scales of resource management, the design and implementation strategies of such policies must include better description of how different design aspects and implementation measures lead towards long-term sustainability and equitable outcomes (Syed & Choudhury, 2018).","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128291624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Employability of the Refugees/IDP and their Resettlement among Local Communities in East Africa","authors":"","doi":"10.53819/81018102t5146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120952928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of the Proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons on Women Security in Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon","authors":"","doi":"10.53819/81018102t3066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t3066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121263043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crime Prevention Strategies in Tennessee State, USA","authors":"","doi":"10.53819/81018102t5137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124280068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brazil is a violent society and police officers play a fundamental role in this scenario. Police work is a stressful occupation, dealing with routine violence, police officers must have high standards of physical and mental health. The problem has a negative impact on the life quality of security officers, who play an important role in insecurity issues. Because without security, economic development is a futile dream. A cross-sectional design study investigated a random sample of 525 male military police officers, engaged in patrolling the streets of Salvador, Brazil. The accessible population was composed of all the 4700 military police officers from 32 battalions. The study included only males, engaged in visible patrolling in public spaces in the city, and excluded those who were on medical leave, engaged in administrative functions, or in specific situations not related to their core-activity. Health-related quality of life was evaluated through the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Preliminary data collection required self-administered questionnaires for the target population. The expert applied the test re-test technique to choose the reliability of the exam study. To establish the relationship between the variables, Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the dependent and independent variables confidence interval. The study found that the Physical Component Summary was associated with poor work ability (P < 0.001). The mean Physical Component Summary was 3.368 units lower among those with poor work.The study concludes that the military police officers investigated presented low health-related quality of life, associated with younger age, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor work ability. Therefore, improving police working environment through timely promotion will play an important role in improving the life quality of the Brazil’s military policemen. Keywords: Promotion procedure, Duty assignment, Deployment, Life quality, working conditions:
{"title":"Public policy Factors Associated with Effectiveness of Working Environment and Quality of Life among Military Policemen in Brazil","authors":"Paulo Martins Fonseca","doi":"10.53819/81018102t4107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4107","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil is a violent society and police officers play a fundamental role in this scenario. Police work is a stressful occupation, dealing with routine violence, police officers must have high standards of physical and mental health. The problem has a negative impact on the life quality of security officers, who play an important role in insecurity issues. Because without security, economic development is a futile dream. A cross-sectional design study investigated a random sample of 525 male military police officers, engaged in patrolling the streets of Salvador, Brazil. The accessible population was composed of all the 4700 military police officers from 32 battalions. The study included only males, engaged in visible patrolling in public spaces in the city, and excluded those who were on medical leave, engaged in administrative functions, or in specific situations not related to their core-activity. Health-related quality of life was evaluated through the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Preliminary data collection required self-administered questionnaires for the target population. The expert applied the test re-test technique to choose the reliability of the exam study. To establish the relationship between the variables, Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the dependent and independent variables confidence interval. The study found that the Physical Component Summary was associated with poor work ability (P < 0.001). The mean Physical Component Summary was 3.368 units lower among those with poor work.The study concludes that the military police officers investigated presented low health-related quality of life, associated with younger age, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor work ability. Therefore, improving police working environment through timely promotion will play an important role in improving the life quality of the Brazil’s military policemen. Keywords: Promotion procedure, Duty assignment, Deployment, Life quality, working conditions:","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133412688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archmedes Anunda, Weldon K. Ng’eno, Archmedes Anunda Onsare
Organizations implement employee counselling programs to assist workers address work and personal issues and challenges that may negatively affect their productivity. Early identification and management of issues facing employees will benefit both the employees and employers. Employee Counselling Programs enable employees to balance their work and personal values
{"title":"Effects of Employee Counselling Program on Performance of Employees in State Corporations in Kenya: A Case of Kenya Ports Authority","authors":"Archmedes Anunda, Weldon K. Ng’eno, Archmedes Anunda Onsare","doi":"10.53819/81018102t5131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5131","url":null,"abstract":"Organizations implement employee counselling programs to assist workers address work and personal issues and challenges that may negatively affect their productivity. Early identification and management of issues facing employees will benefit both the employees and employers. Employee Counselling Programs enable employees to balance their work and personal values","PeriodicalId":430596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Governance","volume":"7 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129182033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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