Sanaa A. El-Benhawy, Heba G. El-Sheredy, H. Ghanem, A. A. Abo El-Soud
Aim: Our objective was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) and berberine on the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2. Materials & methods: The study involved the following groups: Group I: MCF-7 spheroids as untreated control; Group II: MCF-7 spheroids treated with IR; Group III: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine; and Group IV: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine + IR. MCF-7 spheroids’ metabolic activity and viability was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression were assayed by real time-plymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: IR and berberine treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 spheroids and reduced OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression. Combining berberine with IR leads to a significant reduction in cell viability and OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression when compared with radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Berberine showed to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Berberine has a radiosensitizing effect through targeting cancer stem cells.
{"title":"Berberine can amplify cytotoxic effect of radiotherapy by targeting cancer stem cells","authors":"Sanaa A. El-Benhawy, Heba G. El-Sheredy, H. Ghanem, A. A. Abo El-Soud","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Our objective was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) and berberine on the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2. Materials & methods: The study involved the following groups: Group I: MCF-7 spheroids as untreated control; Group II: MCF-7 spheroids treated with IR; Group III: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine; and Group IV: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine + IR. MCF-7 spheroids’ metabolic activity and viability was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression were assayed by real time-plymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: IR and berberine treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 spheroids and reduced OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression. Combining berberine with IR leads to a significant reduction in cell viability and OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression when compared with radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Berberine showed to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Berberine has a radiosensitizing effect through targeting cancer stem cells.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2020-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45301422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reena Shah, A. Hunter-Smith, Azel Botes, Z. Rayter
The role of post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) has not been qualified in contemporary cohorts that have achieved complete pathological response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This systematic review evaluated loco-regional recurrence (LRR) rates following PMRT for patients with pCR or pathologically lymph node negative disease (ypN0) after NAC. We identified seven papers that described LRR in 415 patients with pCR following NAC. Pooled analysis demonstrated clear benefit of PMRT on LRR (OR: 0.2 [95% CI: 0.06–0.58; p = 0.003]) and this was most pronounced in stage III/IV disease (OR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.04–0.44; p = 0.0012]), as well as of benefit in ypN0 disease. PMRT appears to be effective in reducing LRR following pCR or ypN0 in advanced breast cancer but requires further investigation.
{"title":"Does post mastectomy radiotherapy reduce loco-regional recurrence rates in all clinical stages of breast cancer following a complete pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature","authors":"Reena Shah, A. Hunter-Smith, Azel Botes, Z. Rayter","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"The role of post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) has not been qualified in contemporary cohorts that have achieved complete pathological response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This systematic review evaluated loco-regional recurrence (LRR) rates following PMRT for patients with pCR or pathologically lymph node negative disease (ypN0) after NAC. We identified seven papers that described LRR in 415 patients with pCR following NAC. Pooled analysis demonstrated clear benefit of PMRT on LRR (OR: 0.2 [95% CI: 0.06–0.58; p = 0.003]) and this was most pronounced in stage III/IV disease (OR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.04–0.44; p = 0.0012]), as well as of benefit in ypN0 disease. PMRT appears to be effective in reducing LRR following pCR or ypN0 in advanced breast cancer but requires further investigation.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2020-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46858985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Welcome to Volume 9 of Breast Cancer Management","authors":"K. Gordon","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2020-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42680182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of circulating tumor DNA testing in breast cancer liquid biopsies: getting ready for prime time","authors":"K. M. Koo, P. Mainwaring","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2020-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48555086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patient barriers to participation in breast cancer clinical trials","authors":"P. Spears","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2020-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44967544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To analyze the direct medical costs of breast cancer (BC) patients in the north of Jordan. Patients: A cohort of BC patients treated during 2015 at King Abdullah University Hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 119 patients, where all records including age, sex, treatment processes and costs were extracted from the patients’ profiles and examined. Results: The mean age of patients was 50.8 (±10.2) years. The total sample cost was Jordanian dinar 1,393,325 (US$1,963,560). The mean cost per patient from stage I to IV was Jordanian dinar 6696, 9183, 11,970 and 15,073, respectively. Medications were the most expensive resource used. Stage IV had the highest cost and largest number of patients. Conclusion: Direct medical costs associated with BC are considerable. Three-quarters of the cost were devoted to medications.
{"title":"Direct medical costs for stage-specific breast cancer: a retrospective analysis","authors":"Q. Alefan, A. Saadeh, R. Yaghan","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To analyze the direct medical costs of breast cancer (BC) patients in the north of Jordan. Patients: A cohort of BC patients treated during 2015 at King Abdullah University Hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 119 patients, where all records including age, sex, treatment processes and costs were extracted from the patients’ profiles and examined. Results: The mean age of patients was 50.8 (±10.2) years. The total sample cost was Jordanian dinar 1,393,325 (US$1,963,560). The mean cost per patient from stage I to IV was Jordanian dinar 6696, 9183, 11,970 and 15,073, respectively. Medications were the most expensive resource used. Stage IV had the highest cost and largest number of patients. Conclusion: Direct medical costs associated with BC are considerable. Three-quarters of the cost were devoted to medications.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2019-0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44799068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamdan S Al-malky, Z. A. Damanhouri, Jumana Y Al Aama, A. A. Al Qahtani, W. Ramadan, H. Alkreathy, Sameer E Al Harthi, A. Osman
Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Arab women and also around the world. Chronic cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance are potential limiting factors of doxorubicin (DOX), a known anthracycline antibiotic. Materials & methods: DOX cytotoxicity was evaluated by the sulforhodamine method. DOX cellular uptake, detection of P-glycoprotein activity and the photomicrograph of MCF-7 cells were also determined. Results: Diltiazem (DIL) treatment improved DOX cytotoxic activity and increased the cellular uptake of DOX significantly and aggregation of rhodamine 123, reflecting inhibition of P-glycoprotein pump. Cytopathological investigation of MCF-7 cells revealed marked cytotoxic activity of DOX in the presence of DIL. Conclusion: DIL treatment enhanced DOX cytotoxic effect and reduced multidrug resistance, which increased the drug accumulation intracellularly.
{"title":"Diltiazem potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in human breast cancer cells","authors":"Hamdan S Al-malky, Z. A. Damanhouri, Jumana Y Al Aama, A. A. Al Qahtani, W. Ramadan, H. Alkreathy, Sameer E Al Harthi, A. Osman","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2019-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2019-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Arab women and also around the world. Chronic cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance are potential limiting factors of doxorubicin (DOX), a known anthracycline antibiotic. Materials & methods: DOX cytotoxicity was evaluated by the sulforhodamine method. DOX cellular uptake, detection of P-glycoprotein activity and the photomicrograph of MCF-7 cells were also determined. Results: Diltiazem (DIL) treatment improved DOX cytotoxic activity and increased the cellular uptake of DOX significantly and aggregation of rhodamine 123, reflecting inhibition of P-glycoprotein pump. Cytopathological investigation of MCF-7 cells revealed marked cytotoxic activity of DOX in the presence of DIL. Conclusion: DIL treatment enhanced DOX cytotoxic effect and reduced multidrug resistance, which increased the drug accumulation intracellularly.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2019-0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48372293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, tending to afflict sedentary men, with adolescent obesity being a risk factor. Men fare worse compared with matched females with breast cancer. The preponderance of ER+ve disease affects the molecular profile: most cases have luminal A tumors. Through male ignorance and risk-taking, delay is frequent and this lacuna needs addressing with health education. The major gene mutation responsible for MBC is BRCA2. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are significantly and uniquely associated with MBC risk with two located in the 8q24.21 regions. Mastectomy is being gradually replaced by nipple-preserving surgery and radiotherapy but this trend could be expedited with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Significant advances will occur only after expansion of collaborative groups and this is a matter of pressing importance.
{"title":"Male breast cancer: a neglected disease","authors":"I. Fentiman","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, tending to afflict sedentary men, with adolescent obesity being a risk factor. Men fare worse compared with matched females with breast cancer. The preponderance of ER+ve disease affects the molecular profile: most cases have luminal A tumors. Through male ignorance and risk-taking, delay is frequent and this lacuna needs addressing with health education. The major gene mutation responsible for MBC is BRCA2. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are significantly and uniquely associated with MBC risk with two located in the 8q24.21 regions. Mastectomy is being gradually replaced by nipple-preserving surgery and radiotherapy but this trend could be expedited with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Significant advances will occur only after expansion of collaborative groups and this is a matter of pressing importance.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2019-0020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43696735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rawashdeh, M. Abdelrahman, M. Zaitoun, M. Suleiman, Rula Abu Taimai, T. Nusairat, P. Brennan
Aim: To investigate how breast radiologists from Jordan and Australia differ in accuracy when examining the set of test screening cases. Materials & methods: A total of 27 Jordanian and 115 Australian breast radiologists were requested to read 60 mammographic images and to indicate the location of any perceived lesion and record a confidence level ranging from 1 to 5. Jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic, location sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared for both Australian and Jordanian readers. Results: Australian readers achieved significantly higher readings accuracy than Jordanian readers retrospectively in terms of Jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic (75th percentile values: 0.863 vs 0.600; p = 0.001) and location sensitivity (75th percentile values 0.673 vs 0.571; p = 0.022). Conclusion: Australian radiologists achieved higher performance in reading breast mammograms than Jordanian radiologists.
目的:调查来自约旦和澳大利亚的乳腺放射科医生在检查一组测试筛查病例时的准确性差异。材料与方法:共有27名约旦和115名澳大利亚乳腺放射科医生被要求阅读60张乳房x线照片，并指出任何感知到的病变的位置，并记录从1到5的置信水平。计算并比较了澳大利亚和约旦读者的刀切式自由反应受体工作特性、定位敏感性和特异性。结果:在Jackknife可选自由反应接受者操作特征方面，澳大利亚读者的阅读准确性显著高于约旦读者(第75百分位值:0.863 vs 0.600;P = 0.001)和位置敏感性(第75百分位值0.673 vs 0.571;p = 0.022)。结论:澳大利亚放射科医生在阅读乳房x光片方面的表现优于约旦放射科医生。
{"title":"Accuracy among Jordanian and Australian radiologists reading the same set of test screening cases","authors":"M. Rawashdeh, M. Abdelrahman, M. Zaitoun, M. Suleiman, Rula Abu Taimai, T. Nusairat, P. Brennan","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2018-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2018-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate how breast radiologists from Jordan and Australia differ in accuracy when examining the set of test screening cases. Materials & methods: A total of 27 Jordanian and 115 Australian breast radiologists were requested to read 60 mammographic images and to indicate the location of any perceived lesion and record a confidence level ranging from 1 to 5. Jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic, location sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared for both Australian and Jordanian readers. Results: Australian readers achieved significantly higher readings accuracy than Jordanian readers retrospectively in terms of Jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic (75th percentile values: 0.863 vs 0.600; p = 0.001) and location sensitivity (75th percentile values 0.673 vs 0.571; p = 0.022). Conclusion: Australian radiologists achieved higher performance in reading breast mammograms than Jordanian radiologists.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2018-0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43552471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined metronomic capecitabine with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. Patients & methods: A total of 41 women with a diagnosis of metastatic hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer received oral metronomic capecitabine, 500 mg/m2 twice daily combined with an AI. Results: After a median follow-up of 24 months (9–50), a median of 15 months of treatment were completed, the median time to progression was 15 months (12.6–17.3) and the median overall survival was 37 months (23.6–50.4). The treatment was tolerated with less than 10% grade 3 toxicities. Conclusion: Combination of metronomic capecitabine and AIs appears to be safe and has encouraging results in advanced hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.
{"title":"Metronomic capecitabine with aromatase inhibitors for patients with metastatic hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer","authors":"Bader A Abdelmaksoud, Mostafa Toam, A. Fayed","doi":"10.2217/bmt-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/bmt-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined metronomic capecitabine with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. Patients & methods: A total of 41 women with a diagnosis of metastatic hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer received oral metronomic capecitabine, 500 mg/m2 twice daily combined with an AI. Results: After a median follow-up of 24 months (9–50), a median of 15 months of treatment were completed, the median time to progression was 15 months (12.6–17.3) and the median overall survival was 37 months (23.6–50.4). The treatment was tolerated with less than 10% grade 3 toxicities. Conclusion: Combination of metronomic capecitabine and AIs appears to be safe and has encouraging results in advanced hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":43086,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/bmt-2019-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46208362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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