The millennium is witnessing the emergence of several key feature films produced by Malaysian producers-directors of Chinese ethnicity. Such Malaysian Chinese films comprise a majority of ethnic Chinese as lead actors, who converse predominantly in the Chinese language and consist of narratives that focus on the experiences of the Chinese community in Malaysia. This article seeks to analyse one such film, “The Journey”, directed by Chiu Keng Guan in 2014. In particular, through the film’s narrative, it aims to explore the extent to which this film visualises the possibilities of intergenerational negotiation and engagement as well as the implied issues of intergenerational and cultural differences. Using a conceptual framework that incorporates selected Confucian virtues, namely filial piety, benevolence and propriety, the discussion highlights the significant moments of intergenerational dialogue and engagements within the domestic context of a family. It concludes that the film provides a significant space to reflect on Malaysian Chinese intergenerational reciprocity through the negotiation of cultural differences between older and younger family members in the form of meaningful dialogue and engagement that lead to the realisation of Confucian ideals of intergenerational harmony intertwined with conjugality.
{"title":"Intergenerational Ambivalence and Negotiations: Malaysian Chinese Family Dynamics in the Film The Journey","authors":"Wei Yee Chua, Shanthini Pillai, Liz Lay Shi Ng","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The millennium is witnessing the emergence of several key feature films produced by Malaysian producers-directors of Chinese ethnicity. Such Malaysian Chinese films comprise a majority of ethnic Chinese as lead actors, who converse predominantly in the Chinese language and consist of narratives that focus on the experiences of the Chinese community in Malaysia. This article seeks to analyse one such film, “The Journey”, directed by Chiu Keng Guan in 2014. In particular, through the film’s narrative, it aims to explore the extent to which this film visualises the possibilities of intergenerational negotiation and engagement as well as the implied issues of intergenerational and cultural differences. Using a conceptual framework that incorporates selected Confucian virtues, namely filial piety, benevolence and propriety, the discussion highlights the significant moments of intergenerational dialogue and engagements within the domestic context of a family. It concludes that the film provides a significant space to reflect on Malaysian Chinese intergenerational reciprocity through the negotiation of cultural differences between older and younger family members in the form of meaningful dialogue and engagement that lead to the realisation of Confucian ideals of intergenerational harmony intertwined with conjugality.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The parliamentary institution is the nation’s highest legislative body in a democratic system, where it enacts, amends, and approves federal laws, examines government policies and approves government spending. However, in Malaysia, during the Barisan Nasional (BN) era, this institution was frequently criticised due to its numerous flaws. Among them were executive control over parliamentary institutions, disregard for the opposition’s role and unequal development provision between government and opposition parliamentarians. Therefore, during the 14th General Election (GE14) campaign, Pakatan Harapan (PH) promised to implement parliamentary reforms, and that pledge carried PH to victory in the GE14. This article utilised the concept of institutional reform as a tool of analytics to discuss parliamentary institutional reforms during the PH’s governmental term from 2018 to 2020. The primary sources of this study were interviews and secondary sources, which were obtained through books, journals and newspapers. This article argues that the PH government has successfully implemented several parliamentary institutional reforms in only 22 months. The reforms were the reform of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), the establishment of more parliamentary select committees, the restructuring of constituency development funds for members of parliament (MPs) and the appointment of non-partisan speakers. All these reforms have benefited Malaysia’s parliamentary institutions by increasing the role of the opposition, allocating fair constituency development funds to parliamentarians and improving the parliamentary image. Nevertheless, comprehensive reforms were not implemented because the PH government was ousted from power at the end of February 2020 because of the actions of several PH MPs who defected from the party.
{"title":"Parliamentary Institutional Reforms in Malaysia: The Case of the Pakatan Harapan Era, 2018–2020","authors":"Mohd Izzuddin Nazaruddin, Mohammad Agus Yusoff","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The parliamentary institution is the nation’s highest legislative body in a democratic system, where it enacts, amends, and approves federal laws, examines government policies and approves government spending. However, in Malaysia, during the Barisan Nasional (BN) era, this institution was frequently criticised due to its numerous flaws. Among them were executive control over parliamentary institutions, disregard for the opposition’s role and unequal development provision between government and opposition parliamentarians. Therefore, during the 14th General Election (GE14) campaign, Pakatan Harapan (PH) promised to implement parliamentary reforms, and that pledge carried PH to victory in the GE14. This article utilised the concept of institutional reform as a tool of analytics to discuss parliamentary institutional reforms during the PH’s governmental term from 2018 to 2020. The primary sources of this study were interviews and secondary sources, which were obtained through books, journals and newspapers. This article argues that the PH government has successfully implemented several parliamentary institutional reforms in only 22 months. The reforms were the reform of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), the establishment of more parliamentary select committees, the restructuring of constituency development funds for members of parliament (MPs) and the appointment of non-partisan speakers. All these reforms have benefited Malaysia’s parliamentary institutions by increasing the role of the opposition, allocating fair constituency development funds to parliamentarians and improving the parliamentary image. Nevertheless, comprehensive reforms were not implemented because the PH government was ousted from power at the end of February 2020 because of the actions of several PH MPs who defected from the party.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"358 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our government especially the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and other non-government organisations (NGOs) have started to feel pressured about the environment, especially the freshwater ecosystem. Thus, several programmes such as “Love Our River” and “One State, One River” have been conducted. This study’s aim was to determine the level of river awareness and aquatic insect knowledge among the visitors at recreational rivers, to gauge whether they were willing to participate in awareness programmes, and to educate visitors on the importance of aquatic insects. Overall, 136 respondents were able to complete the face-to-face survey. Despite all the activities executed by the government, the awareness levels among visitors at recreational rivers were considered moderate. Aquatic insects were used as bio-monitoring tools to indicate the health of rivers and balance the river ecosystem. Respondents with higher education levels were expected to be more concerned about the existence of aquatic insects and their importance. Contrary to this study, only a few of them were familiar with aquatic insects. Fewer than half of the respondents were aware and well-informed of the existence of aquatic insects and only one-third of them had knowledge of aquatic insects. Only 63.2% of respondents were willing to take part in the awareness programmes.
{"title":"River and Aquatic Insect: Awareness Level of Visitors at Recreational Rivers in the Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Norshamiera Normi, Suhaila Ab. Hamid","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Our government especially the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and other non-government organisations (NGOs) have started to feel pressured about the environment, especially the freshwater ecosystem. Thus, several programmes such as “Love Our River” and “One State, One River” have been conducted. This study’s aim was to determine the level of river awareness and aquatic insect knowledge among the visitors at recreational rivers, to gauge whether they were willing to participate in awareness programmes, and to educate visitors on the importance of aquatic insects. Overall, 136 respondents were able to complete the face-to-face survey. Despite all the activities executed by the government, the awareness levels among visitors at recreational rivers were considered moderate. Aquatic insects were used as bio-monitoring tools to indicate the health of rivers and balance the river ecosystem. Respondents with higher education levels were expected to be more concerned about the existence of aquatic insects and their importance. Contrary to this study, only a few of them were familiar with aquatic insects. Fewer than half of the respondents were aware and well-informed of the existence of aquatic insects and only one-third of them had knowledge of aquatic insects. Only 63.2% of respondents were willing to take part in the awareness programmes.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates how Malaysian Indian women perceived and internalised domestic violence in Malaysia. Domestic violence is linked to gender issues that have disproportionately affected women compared to men in society. In traditional societies, women were frequently socialised to be subordinate to men in terms of roles, responsibilities and positions. These setbacks have contributed to the domestic violence issue among women. Domestic violence is a prime example of exploitation and discrimination against women in various aspects of their lives. Women have typically been passive and resisting domestic violence experiences to protect their household, male partners, children and society. The data for this study were gathered through in-depth interviews with 24 Malaysian Indian women, who were recruited through the purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data was analysed with Nvivo11 software. Three themes were identified that reflect participants’ perceptions of domestic violence in Malaysia. First, participants saw domestic violence as a normalising aspect of marital life. Second, participants saw domestic violence as a serious problem that affects women and their rights. Third, participants saw domestic violence as a sign of male identity to protect women. This study offers gender perspectives, such as the impact of masculinities, the patriarchal system and unequal power relationships in the household. It also explains the complexities of women’s socialisation in traditional households, as well as enlightening various stakeholders in Malaysia on the perceptions of Malaysian Indian women on domestic violence.
{"title":"Perceptions of Malaysian Indian Women on Domestic Violence in Malaysia: A Peek into the Indian Households","authors":"Nithiya Guna Saigaran, Abdulrahman Bello Bada","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates how Malaysian Indian women perceived and internalised domestic violence in Malaysia. Domestic violence is linked to gender issues that have disproportionately affected women compared to men in society. In traditional societies, women were frequently socialised to be subordinate to men in terms of roles, responsibilities and positions. These setbacks have contributed to the domestic violence issue among women. Domestic violence is a prime example of exploitation and discrimination against women in various aspects of their lives. Women have typically been passive and resisting domestic violence experiences to protect their household, male partners, children and society. The data for this study were gathered through in-depth interviews with 24 Malaysian Indian women, who were recruited through the purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data was analysed with Nvivo11 software. Three themes were identified that reflect participants’ perceptions of domestic violence in Malaysia. First, participants saw domestic violence as a normalising aspect of marital life. Second, participants saw domestic violence as a serious problem that affects women and their rights. Third, participants saw domestic violence as a sign of male identity to protect women. This study offers gender perspectives, such as the impact of masculinities, the patriarchal system and unequal power relationships in the household. It also explains the complexities of women’s socialisation in traditional households, as well as enlightening various stakeholders in Malaysia on the perceptions of Malaysian Indian women on domestic violence.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"51 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic may have disrupted the socioeconomic fabrics of the world, but it also has spurred the incorporation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) technologies into organisational operations, work settings, service deliveries and our everyday life. The workability and cost-effectiveness of these technologies will motivate companies to enhance their incorporation into respective organisational and operational designs. This will subsequently change our employment and the way we work as evident in the technological changes throughout previous industrial revolutions. This overview aims at charting out the universal societal changes, particularly changes in work aspects, corresponding to industrialisation; and how IR4.0 may alter current social and occupational landscapes in the near future. These universals are then used to contextualise the social and occupational changes during Malaysian industrialisation. The challenges and some suggestions for the direction of future research on work/ occupation as Malaysia ventures into IR4.0 are presented at the end of this overview.
{"title":"Into IR4.0: Charting the Social and Occupational Changes in Industrialised Malaysia","authors":"Chee Yeong Yap, Hang Kuen Chua, Yee Whah Chin","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic may have disrupted the socioeconomic fabrics of the world, but it also has spurred the incorporation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) technologies into organisational operations, work settings, service deliveries and our everyday life. The workability and cost-effectiveness of these technologies will motivate companies to enhance their incorporation into respective organisational and operational designs. This will subsequently change our employment and the way we work as evident in the technological changes throughout previous industrial revolutions. This overview aims at charting out the universal societal changes, particularly changes in work aspects, corresponding to industrialisation; and how IR4.0 may alter current social and occupational landscapes in the near future. These universals are then used to contextualise the social and occupational changes during Malaysian industrialisation. The challenges and some suggestions for the direction of future research on work/ occupation as Malaysia ventures into IR4.0 are presented at the end of this overview.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"1200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Islam in Malaysia: An Entwined History (Book review)","authors":"Sharifah S. Ahmad","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"122 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135977331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd Mahzan Awang, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani
Kajian ini meneroka konsep ekstremisme daripada persepsi belia berpendidikan tinggi di Malaysia serta faktor-faktor yang boleh mencetuskan gejala ekstremisme dalam sesebuah negara. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penyelidikan kaedah gabungan yang melibatkan dua tahap kutipan data iaitu kutipan data kualitatif secara temu bual dengan enam orang pemimpin belia diikuti dengan kajian tinjauan yang melibatkan 110 orang responden belia berpendidikan tinggi. Protokol temu bual yang dibina berfokuskan kepada konsep ekstremisme dan faktor-faktor yang mendorong kepada ekstremisme. Bagi menganalisis data temu bual, pendekatan bertema telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dapatan analisis temu bual menunjukkan terdapat dua tema dalam konsep ekstremisme iaitu perlakuan yang berkaitan dengan sesuatu yang melampau dan keterlaluan; dan perbuatan meluah perasaan serta bertindak mengikut emosi. Terdapat empat tema utama yang menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku ekstremis iaitu salah faham agama, ideologi yang didakwa sebahagian daripada ajaran agama, ideologi politik yang radikal, dan kegagalan mengurus perbezaan rakyat. Dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa persekitaran luar termasuklah persekitaran politik global dan kurangnya pengetahuan agama mempunyai potensi untuk mempengaruhi belia. Dengan kemajuan teknologi komunikasi dan maklumat, pendedahan kepada ancaman ektremisme di peringkat dunia mudah tersebar. Tema-tema daripada analisis temu bual ini dijadikan panduan untuk pembinaan instrumen soal selidik yang turut memfokuskan kepada konsep ekstremisme dan faktor-faktor yang mendorong belia terlibat dengan aktiviti ini. Analisis inferensi yang melibatkan t-test dan ANOVA satu hala dilakukan untuk melihat perbezaan berdasarkan jantina dan umur. Dapatan analisis statistik daripada tinjauan mendapati bahawa majoriti belia mempunyai tahap kefahaman yang tinggi terhadap konsep ekstremisme manakala tiga faktor utama yang mendorong belia terlibat dengan ekstremisme ialah kecenderungan melampau pada sesuatu parti politik, tertarik dengan ideologi perjuangan parti atau kumpulan dan kurangnya didikan agama. Maka, satu modul khusus untuk mengekang belia daripada terpengaruh dengan gerakan ini amat diperlukan. Di samping itu, pihak berkuasa perlu mempunyai teknologi tinggi yang canggih termasuk keupayaan mengurus data mega dalam mengesan dan mencegah penularan ideologi berbahaya.
本研究从马来西亚受过高等教育的青年的观念出发，探讨了极端主义的概念以及在一个国家引发极端主义症状的因素。本研究采用了混合方法研究设计，包括两个阶段的数据收集，即与六名青年领袖进行的定性数据收集（temu bual），以及与 110 名受过高等教育的青年受访者进行的回顾研究。Temu bual协议的重点是极端主义的概念和导致极端主义的因素。为分析访谈数据，本研究采用了主题分析法。分析结果表明，极端主义的概念有两个主题，一是与超越和令人发指的行为相关的处理方式；二是 "感情用事 "的行为。有四大主题成为影响极端主义行为的因素，即宗教误解、作为宗教教义一部分的意识形态、激进的政治意识形态和未能管理人们的差异。本研究的结果还表明，包括全球政治环境和宗教知识缺乏在内的外部环境也有可能影响青少年。随着通信和信息技术的发展，世界上极端主义的威胁很容易传播。头脑风暴分析得出的主题指导了探究工具的开发，该工具也侧重于极端主义的概念以及驱使青年参与极端主义活动的因素。我们进行了 t 检验和单因素方差分析，以了解不同性别和年龄的差异。回顾统计分析的结果发现，大多数青少年对极端主义概念的理解程度较高，而促使青少年参与极端主义的三个主要因素是倾向于超越政党、被政党或团体的斗争意识形态所吸引以及缺乏宗教教育。因此，需要一个专门的模块来遏制青少年受到这一运动的影响。此外，当局需要掌握尖端的高科技，包括管理巨型数据的能力，以跟踪和防止危险意识形态的传播。
{"title":"Ekstremisme dalam Kalangan Belia Berpendidikan Tinggi di Malaysia: Pengkonsepsian dan Faktor yang Mendorong","authors":"Mohd Mahzan Awang, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Kajian ini meneroka konsep ekstremisme daripada persepsi belia berpendidikan tinggi di Malaysia serta faktor-faktor yang boleh mencetuskan gejala ekstremisme dalam sesebuah negara. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penyelidikan kaedah gabungan yang melibatkan dua tahap kutipan data iaitu kutipan data kualitatif secara temu bual dengan enam orang pemimpin belia diikuti dengan kajian tinjauan yang melibatkan 110 orang responden belia berpendidikan tinggi. Protokol temu bual yang dibina berfokuskan kepada konsep ekstremisme dan faktor-faktor yang mendorong kepada ekstremisme. Bagi menganalisis data temu bual, pendekatan bertema telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dapatan analisis temu bual menunjukkan terdapat dua tema dalam konsep ekstremisme iaitu perlakuan yang berkaitan dengan sesuatu yang melampau dan keterlaluan; dan perbuatan meluah perasaan serta bertindak mengikut emosi. Terdapat empat tema utama yang menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku ekstremis iaitu salah faham agama, ideologi yang didakwa sebahagian daripada ajaran agama, ideologi politik yang radikal, dan kegagalan mengurus perbezaan rakyat. Dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa persekitaran luar termasuklah persekitaran politik global dan kurangnya pengetahuan agama mempunyai potensi untuk mempengaruhi belia. Dengan kemajuan teknologi komunikasi dan maklumat, pendedahan kepada ancaman ektremisme di peringkat dunia mudah tersebar. Tema-tema daripada analisis temu bual ini dijadikan panduan untuk pembinaan instrumen soal selidik yang turut memfokuskan kepada konsep ekstremisme dan faktor-faktor yang mendorong belia terlibat dengan aktiviti ini. Analisis inferensi yang melibatkan t-test dan ANOVA satu hala dilakukan untuk melihat perbezaan berdasarkan jantina dan umur. Dapatan analisis statistik daripada tinjauan mendapati bahawa majoriti belia mempunyai tahap kefahaman yang tinggi terhadap konsep ekstremisme manakala tiga faktor utama yang mendorong belia terlibat dengan ekstremisme ialah kecenderungan melampau pada sesuatu parti politik, tertarik dengan ideologi perjuangan parti atau kumpulan dan kurangnya didikan agama. Maka, satu modul khusus untuk mengekang belia daripada terpengaruh dengan gerakan ini amat diperlukan. Di samping itu, pihak berkuasa perlu mempunyai teknologi tinggi yang canggih termasuk keupayaan mengurus data mega dalam mengesan dan mencegah penularan ideologi berbahaya.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"55 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135976801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This qualitative study aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the aspects that shaped pupils’ satisfaction with school life in a multiethnic Malaysian context. The multiple case study design was employed to understand and elicit pupils’ experiences, feelings, beliefs, thoughts and perceptions of their satisfaction with school life in three different types of Malaysian primary schools, namely national primary school (Malay-dominated), national type Chinese primary school (Chinese-dominated) and national type Tamil primary school (Indian-dominated). A total of 18 pupils with six members from each type of Malaysian primary school participated in three focus group discussions. Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the interview data: (1) emotional contentment; (2) curricular achievement and co-curricular achievements; (3) safe, conducive and comfortable learning environment; and (4) development of 21st-century skills. These emerging four themes from the participants’ views and experiences provided a holistic perspective on satisfaction with school life in Malaysian primary schools. Practical implications that could be beneficial in leveraging life satisfying experiences of the pupils in the school were discussed. This study has contributed to the body of knowledge with regard to satisfaction with school life from a multiethnic perspective.
{"title":"Satisfaction with School Life: Capturing Malaysian Pupils’ Voice from a Multiethnic Perspective","authors":"Sarah Namoco, Lei Mee Thien, Siaw Hui Kho","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the aspects that shaped pupils’ satisfaction with school life in a multiethnic Malaysian context. The multiple case study design was employed to understand and elicit pupils’ experiences, feelings, beliefs, thoughts and perceptions of their satisfaction with school life in three different types of Malaysian primary schools, namely national primary school (Malay-dominated), national type Chinese primary school (Chinese-dominated) and national type Tamil primary school (Indian-dominated). A total of 18 pupils with six members from each type of Malaysian primary school participated in three focus group discussions. Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the interview data: (1) emotional contentment; (2) curricular achievement and co-curricular achievements; (3) safe, conducive and comfortable learning environment; and (4) development of 21st-century skills. These emerging four themes from the participants’ views and experiences provided a holistic perspective on satisfaction with school life in Malaysian primary schools. Practical implications that could be beneficial in leveraging life satisfying experiences of the pupils in the school were discussed. This study has contributed to the body of knowledge with regard to satisfaction with school life from a multiethnic perspective.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artikel ini membincangkan penghijrahan dalaman masyarakat Melayu iaitu dari Kedah, Pulau Pinang dan Seberang Perai dan sumbangannya kepada sektor penanaman padi di Kerian, Perak dari tahun 1874 sehingga tahun 1941. Penghijrahan dalaman masyarakat Melayu di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (STM) dan sumbangannya semasa penjajahan tidak pernah dibincangkan dalam mana-mana penulisan sedia ada. Sebaliknya, penulisan-penulisan lalu berkaitan penghijrahan masyarakat Melayu hanya membincangkan peranan dan sumbangan penghijrahan orang Melayu dari luar STM. Maka, wujud pandangan bahawa hanya penghijrah dari luar STM sahaja yang memainkan peranan penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi Semenanjung, khususnya semasa penjajahan British. Walhal, penghijrahan dalaman masyarakat Melayu adalah sangat penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (STM) misalnya di Kerian, Perak. Hal ini kerana golongan penghijrah inilah yang sebenarnya memainkan peranan awal dalam pembangunan ekonomi Kerian, khususnya dalam penanaman padi sehingga menjadikan Kerian sebagai sebuah daerah penanaman padi yang utama bukan sahaja di Perak, tetapi juga di Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu (NNMB). Peranan penghijrah masyarakat Banjar sebaliknya hanya mulai signifikan selepas pembukaan Rancangan Pengairan Kerian, 1906. Sekalipun dengan kehadiran masyarakat Banjar ini, penghijrahan dalaman masyarakat Melayu terus berlaku dalam jumlah yang signifikan iaitu melebihi jumlah kemasukan penghijrah masyarakat Banjar di Kerian. Perbincangan artikel ini bermula dengan kemasukan British secara rasmi di Perak pada tahun 1874 dan berakhir pada tahun 1941 ekoran pendudukan Jepun. Sumber-sumber primer yang dirujuk bagi penulisan ini ialah rekod-rekod kolonial seperti Laporan Tahunan NNMB, Warta Kerajaan Negeri Perak dan Laporan Banci Penduduk.
本文论述了 1874 年至 1941 年间来自吉打州、槟榔屿州和实伯朗庇来州的马来人社区的内部移民及其对霹雳州吉里安稻米种植业的贡献。现有著作从未讨论过半岛马来社区的内部移民及其在殖民主义时期的贡献。相反，过去有关马来社区移民的著作只讨论了马来人从马来西亚半岛以外地区移民的作用和贡献。因此，有一种观点认为，在半岛的经济发展中，特别是在英国殖民时期，只有来自马来西亚以外的移民才发挥了重要作用。在霹雳州吉里安，马来亚人的 "朋吉拉罕"（penghijrahan dalaman masyarakat Melayu adalah sangat penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (STM) misalnya di Kerian, Perak）发挥了重要作用。这是因为彭吉拉族在吉里安的经济发展中扮演了重要角色，尤其是在水稻种植方面，从而使吉里安不仅成为霹雳州的主要水稻种植区，也成为新马巴州的主要水稻种植区。另一方面，Banjar 族群移民的作用只是在 1906 年吉里安灌溉计划开始实施后才变得重要起来。即使有班贾族的存在，马来族的内部移民数量仍然很大，超过了涌入吉里安的班贾族移民。本文的讨论从 1874 年英国正式进入霹雳州开始，到 1941 年日本占领为止。本文参考的主要资料来源是殖民时期的记录，如《霹雳州国民议会年度报告》（NNMB Annual Report）、《霹雳州国民议会报告》（Warta Kerajaan Negeri Perak）和《班溪彭都杜报告》（Banci Penduduk Report）。
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Perniagaan francais berkembang pesat di Malaysia khususnya selepas pihak kerajaan melancarkan Program Pembangunan Francais pada tahun 1992, mewujudkan Bahagian Francais pada tahun 1995 dan memperkenalkan Akta Francais 1998. Kini Malaysia memiliki sekitar 870 sistem francais berdaftar dengan 60 buah sistem francais tempatan berjaya menembusi 55 buah negara. Di sebalik perkembangan menarik perniagaan ini, jurang utama kajian adalah amat kurangnya penyelidikan mengenai perniagaan francais milik keluarga dijalankan oleh penyelidik. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneliti persamaan latar belakang dan perbezaan prestasi perniagaan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Kajian tinjauan ke atas 204 usahawan francaisi di Malaysia melalui borang soal selidik telah dijalankan dengan responden terdiri daripada 90 usahawan francaisi milik keluarga dan 114 usahawan francaisi bukan milik keluarga. Bersasarkan analisis statistik, kajian mendapati bahawa faktor latar belakang iaitu tahap pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, jumlah pelaburan dan kebergantungan sumber pendapatan kepada perniagaan francais tidak signifikan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Kajian turut mendapati faktor persepsi kejayaan dan niat untuk kekal dalam sistem francais tidak signifikan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Namun begitu, francaisi bukan milik keluarga memiliki prestasi perniagaan yang lebih baik dari segi prestasi jualan dan bilangan pekerja, berbanding francaisi keluarga.
{"title":"Persamaan Latar Belakang dan Perbezaan Prestasi Perniagaan dalam Kalangan Francaisi Milik Keluarga dan Bukan Milik Keluarga di Malaysia","authors":"Mohd Hizam Hanafiah, Nurul Ashykin Abd Aziz","doi":"10.21315/km2023.41.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/km2023.41.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Perniagaan francais berkembang pesat di Malaysia khususnya selepas pihak kerajaan melancarkan Program Pembangunan Francais pada tahun 1992, mewujudkan Bahagian Francais pada tahun 1995 dan memperkenalkan Akta Francais 1998. Kini Malaysia memiliki sekitar 870 sistem francais berdaftar dengan 60 buah sistem francais tempatan berjaya menembusi 55 buah negara. Di sebalik perkembangan menarik perniagaan ini, jurang utama kajian adalah amat kurangnya penyelidikan mengenai perniagaan francais milik keluarga dijalankan oleh penyelidik. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneliti persamaan latar belakang dan perbezaan prestasi perniagaan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Kajian tinjauan ke atas 204 usahawan francaisi di Malaysia melalui borang soal selidik telah dijalankan dengan responden terdiri daripada 90 usahawan francaisi milik keluarga dan 114 usahawan francaisi bukan milik keluarga. Bersasarkan analisis statistik, kajian mendapati bahawa faktor latar belakang iaitu tahap pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, jumlah pelaburan dan kebergantungan sumber pendapatan kepada perniagaan francais tidak signifikan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Kajian turut mendapati faktor persepsi kejayaan dan niat untuk kekal dalam sistem francais tidak signifikan antara francaisi milik keluarga dan bukan milik keluarga. Namun begitu, francaisi bukan milik keluarga memiliki prestasi perniagaan yang lebih baik dari segi prestasi jualan dan bilangan pekerja, berbanding francaisi keluarga.","PeriodicalId":43145,"journal":{"name":"Kajian Malaysia","volume":"188 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135977332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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