Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369041
E. D. de Oliveira, M. D. de Oliveira, M. T. de Melo, T. L. Pedrosa, B. D. de Oliveira
This paper presents a practical implementation of a S-Band 4-bit Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Subsystem based on microstrip multibandstop filters. The outputs are converted using RF detectors and digitized using an Arduino® board. Filter design is based on open-loop resonators. Sub-band is determined by calculating the average value of m measures and standard deviation is used to further improve reliability. This paper discusses the key requirements for this design and presents experimental results for the sub-band determination.
{"title":"Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Subsystem implementation using low-cost microcontroller","authors":"E. D. de Oliveira, M. D. de Oliveira, M. T. de Melo, T. L. Pedrosa, B. D. de Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a practical implementation of a S-Band 4-bit Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Subsystem based on microstrip multibandstop filters. The outputs are converted using RF detectors and digitized using an Arduino® board. Filter design is based on open-loop resonators. Sub-band is determined by calculating the average value of m measures and standard deviation is used to further improve reliability. This paper discusses the key requirements for this design and presents experimental results for the sub-band determination.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369193
S. C. Patrício, M. Carleti, Arismar Cerqueira S. Junior, J. Ribeiro
This paper presents the development of a printed antenna array based on Sierpinski carpet fractal elements. Its main goal is to increase the array directivity by means of ensuring the radiation beam maximum direction in the perpendicular plane of the array axis. Each element individually operates from 2.0 to 20GHz and the three-elements antenna array has been designed for providing a gain enhancement of 5.2dB, i.e. from 4.5 to 9.7dBi, at 5.8GHz by using a reflector plane. An experimental performance analysis using QPSK and 16-QAM modulation formats has been carried, with the purpose of illustrating the proposed antenna array applicability.
{"title":"Development of a printed antenna array based on Sierpinski carpet fractal elements","authors":"S. C. Patrício, M. Carleti, Arismar Cerqueira S. Junior, J. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369193","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a printed antenna array based on Sierpinski carpet fractal elements. Its main goal is to increase the array directivity by means of ensuring the radiation beam maximum direction in the perpendicular plane of the array axis. Each element individually operates from 2.0 to 20GHz and the three-elements antenna array has been designed for providing a gain enhancement of 5.2dB, i.e. from 4.5 to 9.7dBi, at 5.8GHz by using a reflector plane. An experimental performance analysis using QPSK and 16-QAM modulation formats has been carried, with the purpose of illustrating the proposed antenna array applicability.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123009954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369132
A. Delai, R. Attux, Jose Raimundo de Oliveira, C. Junqueira
In this work, we present a novel paradigm for the bottom-up project of patch antennas. This paradigm is based on a polygonal immune-inspired framework, being the chosen artificial immune system the CLONALG algorithm. In order to employ this new strategy, it was necessary to build a software platform to properly use the electromagnetic CST solver and provide a source engine to evolve antenna designs. We believe this development to be a contribution per se. The presented results show that the method was able to obtain low profile antennas with broadband characteristics by the exploration of unconventional patch shapes.
{"title":"A polygonal immune-inspired framework for broadband patch antenna design","authors":"A. Delai, R. Attux, Jose Raimundo de Oliveira, C. Junqueira","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369132","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a novel paradigm for the bottom-up project of patch antennas. This paradigm is based on a polygonal immune-inspired framework, being the chosen artificial immune system the CLONALG algorithm. In order to employ this new strategy, it was necessary to build a software platform to properly use the electromagnetic CST solver and provide a source engine to evolve antenna designs. We believe this development to be a contribution per se. The presented results show that the method was able to obtain low profile antennas with broadband characteristics by the exploration of unconventional patch shapes.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"78 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113933280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369194
H. Waldman, A. Cartaxo, R. C. Bortoletto
As elastic networking approaches maturity, it is relevant to evaluate the spectral gains that may be achieved in specific survivable topologies. This paper discusses gains that may be achieved by advanced modulation schemes in distance-aware connections embedded in survivable rings. Two classical ring topologies are discussed under uniform, homogeneous traffic. The paper introduces a method to evaluate the achievable gains as a function of ring size and signal power. The method is applied to two selected protection ring architectures and a representative set of modulation schemes. The examples show that large rings do not benefit from distance-awareness, but smaller rings do, with spectral gains increasing with decreasing ring size.
{"title":"Distance-awareness gains in flexible ring topologies","authors":"H. Waldman, A. Cartaxo, R. C. Bortoletto","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369194","url":null,"abstract":"As elastic networking approaches maturity, it is relevant to evaluate the spectral gains that may be achieved in specific survivable topologies. This paper discusses gains that may be achieved by advanced modulation schemes in distance-aware connections embedded in survivable rings. Two classical ring topologies are discussed under uniform, homogeneous traffic. The paper introduces a method to evaluate the achievable gains as a function of ring size and signal power. The method is applied to two selected protection ring architectures and a representative set of modulation schemes. The examples show that large rings do not benefit from distance-awareness, but smaller rings do, with spectral gains increasing with decreasing ring size.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132471221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369161
F. Sabino, G. Machado, M. T. de Melo, L. D. de Medeiros
This work shows the measurements of electric fields generated by power line communications (PLC) under transmission lines. The values are compared to simulated results obtained by the electric field equations developed by D'Amore. As a contribution, the electric field equations employ measured soil electrical parameters (conductivity and permittivity) under the transmission lines by the authors. Through the antenna theory is presented an already developed method that allow the dBm values obtained by the spectrum analyzer be converted into dBmV/m.
{"title":"Measurements of electric field due to power line communication: The influence of the soil electric parameters","authors":"F. Sabino, G. Machado, M. T. de Melo, L. D. de Medeiros","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369161","url":null,"abstract":"This work shows the measurements of electric fields generated by power line communications (PLC) under transmission lines. The values are compared to simulated results obtained by the electric field equations developed by D'Amore. As a contribution, the electric field equations employ measured soil electrical parameters (conductivity and permittivity) under the transmission lines by the authors. Through the antenna theory is presented an already developed method that allow the dBm values obtained by the spectrum analyzer be converted into dBmV/m.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130822494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369090
R. Michaelsen, T. Johansen, K. Tamborg, V. Zhurbenko
In this paper, we present an X-band double-balanced mixer in SiGe BiCMOS technology. The mixer core consists of a LO Matched quad diode ring using diode-connected Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBTs). The mixer is integrated with a low-noise, high-linearity active balun on the RF port and a miniaturized Marchand balun on the LO port. Experimental results shows a conversion gain of +4 dB at 10.5 GHz with an LO drive level of 15 dBm. The LO-IF and RF-IF isolation is better than 36 dB and 26 dB, respectively, in the entire band of operation. The input referred 1 dB compression point is better than -11 dBm. The IIP2 is +13 dBm at a supply voltage of 3 V and +16.5 dBm at a supply voltage of 6 V. The measured noise figure is found to be ~6.5 dB at 10.5 GHz.
{"title":"A SiGe BiCMOS double-balanced mixer with active balun for X-band Doppler radar","authors":"R. Michaelsen, T. Johansen, K. Tamborg, V. Zhurbenko","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369090","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an X-band double-balanced mixer in SiGe BiCMOS technology. The mixer core consists of a LO Matched quad diode ring using diode-connected Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBTs). The mixer is integrated with a low-noise, high-linearity active balun on the RF port and a miniaturized Marchand balun on the LO port. Experimental results shows a conversion gain of +4 dB at 10.5 GHz with an LO drive level of 15 dBm. The LO-IF and RF-IF isolation is better than 36 dB and 26 dB, respectively, in the entire band of operation. The input referred 1 dB compression point is better than -11 dBm. The IIP2 is +13 dBm at a supply voltage of 3 V and +16.5 dBm at a supply voltage of 6 V. The measured noise figure is found to be ~6.5 dB at 10.5 GHz.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123676718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369108
F. Andrade, P. A. Cruz, L. da Silva Mello
In this paper, the evolution of ITU-R rain attenuation prediction methods from previous versions to the most recent one is evaluated in terms of their performance in predicting attenuation, as compared to experimental data collected from 77 terrestrial links located in 16 countries. Test results indicate that the current version performs better than the previous one. However, a prediction method that introduces the concept of effective rain rate and uses the full rainfall rate distribution for the prediction of the rain attenuation distribution is also included in the comparison and outperforms current ITU-R model.
{"title":"Evaluation of ITU-R rain attenuation prediction methods for terrestrial links","authors":"F. Andrade, P. A. Cruz, L. da Silva Mello","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369108","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the evolution of ITU-R rain attenuation prediction methods from previous versions to the most recent one is evaluated in terms of their performance in predicting attenuation, as compared to experimental data collected from 77 terrestrial links located in 16 countries. Test results indicate that the current version performs better than the previous one. However, a prediction method that introduces the concept of effective rain rate and uses the full rainfall rate distribution for the prediction of the rain attenuation distribution is also included in the comparison and outperforms current ITU-R model.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114510008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369147
M. Bakri-Kassem, A. Aziz, R. Mansour
A high power nickel based electroplated 4-bit RF MEMS capacitors bank is designed, fabricated and tested. The proposed design is capable to handle high power up to 30 Watts and utilizes co-planar transmission lines that use eight latching SPDT RF MEMS switches. The capacitors bank design is made of 4 cascaded bit units where every bit has two different paths, the first path is a conventional CPW while the second path is a CPW loaded with an inter-digitated capacitor. The measured maximum capacitance when all loaded CPW are engaged in almost 20 pF. The minimum measured capacitance however is 0.7 pF, at 1 GHz. The measured tuning ratio is around 28 times. The capacitors bank is built on high resistive silicon substrate using MetalMUMPs process.
{"title":"A high power latching RF MEMS capacitors bank","authors":"M. Bakri-Kassem, A. Aziz, R. Mansour","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369147","url":null,"abstract":"A high power nickel based electroplated 4-bit RF MEMS capacitors bank is designed, fabricated and tested. The proposed design is capable to handle high power up to 30 Watts and utilizes co-planar transmission lines that use eight latching SPDT RF MEMS switches. The capacitors bank design is made of 4 cascaded bit units where every bit has two different paths, the first path is a conventional CPW while the second path is a CPW loaded with an inter-digitated capacitor. The measured maximum capacitance when all loaded CPW are engaged in almost 20 pF. The minimum measured capacitance however is 0.7 pF, at 1 GHz. The measured tuning ratio is around 28 times. The capacitors bank is built on high resistive silicon substrate using MetalMUMPs process.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114533772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369067
P. V. Testa, C. Carta, F. Ellinger
This paper presents gain and bandwidth control techniques for wideband loss-compensated Travelling Wave Amplifier (TWAs). The behavior of the distributed amplifiers is tuned acting on the circuit bias in two ways: changing the transistor operation points from saturation to forward active, and tuning the amplifier loss compensation. A tuning range for the gain of 40 dB has been experimentally validated on an existing 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS TWA. During the gain tuning the group delay and input and output return losses showed almost no variations over the 170 GHz amplifier bandwidth. Moreover, the presented techniques enabled the control of the upper 3 dB corner frequency. The presented results compare well against the state of the art for variable gain distributed amplifiers (VGDAs) with outstanding bandwidth of operation and gain tuning range.
{"title":"Gain-bandwidth tuning techniques for loss-compensated Travelling Wave Amplifiers","authors":"P. V. Testa, C. Carta, F. Ellinger","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369067","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents gain and bandwidth control techniques for wideband loss-compensated Travelling Wave Amplifier (TWAs). The behavior of the distributed amplifiers is tuned acting on the circuit bias in two ways: changing the transistor operation points from saturation to forward active, and tuning the amplifier loss compensation. A tuning range for the gain of 40 dB has been experimentally validated on an existing 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS TWA. During the gain tuning the group delay and input and output return losses showed almost no variations over the 170 GHz amplifier bandwidth. Moreover, the presented techniques enabled the control of the upper 3 dB corner frequency. The presented results compare well against the state of the art for variable gain distributed amplifiers (VGDAs) with outstanding bandwidth of operation and gain tuning range.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115888313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369126
E. Pereira, H. Rocha, Reginaldo B. Nunes, M. Segatto, Jair A. L. Silva
A Multi-objective optimization on the parameters of direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DDO-OFDM) systems in short-range links is proposed. Based on Genetic Algorithms (GA), the optimization process takes into account the influence of optical power in the guard-band reduction of such multicarrier systems with 4 and 16-QAM subcarrier mapping and for propagation in 40 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). Simulation results show that the parameters optimization is responsible for a gain of ≈ 2.5 dB [≈ 1.8 dB] in the required optical power for a bit-error-rate of 10-3, for DDO-OFDM system transmission over 40 km of uncompensated SSMF, with a guard band (BG) equals to 50% of the signal bandwidth (Bw) and 16-QAM [4-QAM] subcarrier mapping. For a extremely reduced guard-band of only 1% of Bw, the gain reduced to ≈ 0.5 dB and ≈ 1.5 dB for 16-QAM and 4-QAM mapping, respectively.
{"title":"Reducing the guard-band of a DDO-OFDM system by Multi-objective optimization","authors":"E. Pereira, H. Rocha, Reginaldo B. Nunes, M. Segatto, Jair A. L. Silva","doi":"10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369126","url":null,"abstract":"A Multi-objective optimization on the parameters of direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DDO-OFDM) systems in short-range links is proposed. Based on Genetic Algorithms (GA), the optimization process takes into account the influence of optical power in the guard-band reduction of such multicarrier systems with 4 and 16-QAM subcarrier mapping and for propagation in 40 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). Simulation results show that the parameters optimization is responsible for a gain of ≈ 2.5 dB [≈ 1.8 dB] in the required optical power for a bit-error-rate of 10-3, for DDO-OFDM system transmission over 40 km of uncompensated SSMF, with a guard band (BG) equals to 50% of the signal bandwidth (Bw) and 16-QAM [4-QAM] subcarrier mapping. For a extremely reduced guard-band of only 1% of Bw, the gain reduced to ≈ 0.5 dB and ≈ 1.5 dB for 16-QAM and 4-QAM mapping, respectively.","PeriodicalId":431462,"journal":{"name":"2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123852375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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