Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463603
P. Swaroop, K. Gard
A new crest factor reduction (CFR) technique is presented to reduce the peak to average ratio (PAR) of a wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) signal. Simple CFR techniques hard limit the desired signal to reduce the amplitude peaks and filtering is used to remove the out-of-band distortion. Here the trade-off between allowing out-of-band distortion and the error vector magnitude (EVM) is investigated for different levels of PAR reduction. It is demonstrated that there is an optimum clipping level for a desired PAR when trading off adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) and EVM.
{"title":"Crest factor reduction through in-band and out-of-band distortion optimization","authors":"P. Swaroop, K. Gard","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463603","url":null,"abstract":"A new crest factor reduction (CFR) technique is presented to reduce the peak to average ratio (PAR) of a wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) signal. Simple CFR techniques hard limit the desired signal to reduce the amplitude peaks and filtering is used to remove the out-of-band distortion. Here the trade-off between allowing out-of-band distortion and the error vector magnitude (EVM) is investigated for different levels of PAR reduction. It is demonstrated that there is an optimum clipping level for a desired PAR when trading off adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) and EVM.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134279680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463505
U. Rohde, A. Poddar
This paper describes ITCO (injection-tuned coupled-oscillators) that offers cost-effective, power-efficient, integrable, compact, and low cost spectral pure signal source for wireless communication systems. The measured phase noise for 9.2 GHz ITCO is typically -132 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset from the carrier with 18% DC-to-RF conversion efficiency respectively. To our knowledge, this is the best phase noise performance for a given class and DC-to-RF conversion efficiency so far reported.
本文介绍了注入调谐耦合振荡器(ITCO)，它为无线通信系统提供了经济、节能、可积、紧凑和低成本的频谱纯信号源。9.2 GHz ITCO在距载波100 kHz偏移时的相位噪声通常为-132 dBc/Hz, dc - rf转换效率分别为18%。据我们所知，这是迄今为止报道的给定类别和dc - rf转换效率的最佳相位噪声性能。
{"title":"Injection-Tuned Coupled-Oscillators","authors":"U. Rohde, A. Poddar","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463505","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes ITCO (injection-tuned coupled-oscillators) that offers cost-effective, power-efficient, integrable, compact, and low cost spectral pure signal source for wireless communication systems. The measured phase noise for 9.2 GHz ITCO is typically -132 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset from the carrier with 18% DC-to-RF conversion efficiency respectively. To our knowledge, this is the best phase noise performance for a given class and DC-to-RF conversion efficiency so far reported.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131252764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463584
K. Wu
The attractiveness and popularity of substrate integrated circuits (SICs) now become more and more apparent in our microwave and millimeter-wave community with numerous academic publications and industrial developments. This paper reviews the progress and the state-of- the-art of SICs-related research for developing low-cost high- density integration of microwave and millimeter-wave wireless devices and systems as well as microwave photonic applications. It is found that SICs may well be regarded as the next generation of high-frequency integrated circuits on the basis of their historical development path starting from the hollow rectangular waveguide. Challenging issues and future directions are discussed for research and developments, suggesting that SICs would be able to offer a potentially cost- effective and performance-promising solution for mass commercial applications.
{"title":"Substrate Integrated Circuits (SICs) for low-cost high-density integration of millimeter-wave wireless systems","authors":"K. Wu","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463584","url":null,"abstract":"The attractiveness and popularity of substrate integrated circuits (SICs) now become more and more apparent in our microwave and millimeter-wave community with numerous academic publications and industrial developments. This paper reviews the progress and the state-of- the-art of SICs-related research for developing low-cost high- density integration of microwave and millimeter-wave wireless devices and systems as well as microwave photonic applications. It is found that SICs may well be regarded as the next generation of high-frequency integrated circuits on the basis of their historical development path starting from the hollow rectangular waveguide. Challenging issues and future directions are discussed for research and developments, suggesting that SICs would be able to offer a potentially cost- effective and performance-promising solution for mass commercial applications.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133284751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463599
F. Hart, N. Carvalho, K. Gard, M. Steer
Simulation technology suitable for extracting correlated and uncorrelated distortion in communication systems is presented. This is achieved through a new frequency- indexing scheme with the arithmetic operator method that separately tracks correlated and uncorrelated intermodulation products when multi-tone signals with uncorrelated phase are amplified through a nonlinear system. The indexing scheme is illustrated with a three-tone example and results from a fifth-order nonlinear amplifier excited by fifteen independent tones are considered. In the example it is shown that undesirable uncorrelated in-band distortion is lower than the innocuous correlated in-band distortion.
{"title":"Modeling correlated and uncorrelated distortion in communication systems","authors":"F. Hart, N. Carvalho, K. Gard, M. Steer","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463599","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation technology suitable for extracting correlated and uncorrelated distortion in communication systems is presented. This is achieved through a new frequency- indexing scheme with the arithmetic operator method that separately tracks correlated and uncorrelated intermodulation products when multi-tone signals with uncorrelated phase are amplified through a nonlinear system. The indexing scheme is illustrated with a three-tone example and results from a fifth-order nonlinear amplifier excited by fifteen independent tones are considered. In the example it is shown that undesirable uncorrelated in-band distortion is lower than the innocuous correlated in-band distortion.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115910232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463494
S. Radiom, H. Aliakbarian, G. Vandenbosch, G. Gielen
In this paper, a modified small-size tapered monopole antenna is optimized for ultra wideband applications. Our optimization procedure aims at finding an antenna not only with low VSWR, but also miniaturizing the antenna at the same time. In addition, since in UWB communication pulse distortion between the receiver and the transmitter is very crucial the impulse responses of the designed antennae were considered. The optimization technique proposed here is a real-coded compact genetic algorithm, RCCGA, based on the probability density function of each variable. The final design of the antenna works from 3.1 to 11.7 GHz with 48% lower area compared to previous work.
{"title":"A modified small-size tapered monopole antenna for UWB applications designed by genetic algorithm","authors":"S. Radiom, H. Aliakbarian, G. Vandenbosch, G. Gielen","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463494","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a modified small-size tapered monopole antenna is optimized for ultra wideband applications. Our optimization procedure aims at finding an antenna not only with low VSWR, but also miniaturizing the antenna at the same time. In addition, since in UWB communication pulse distortion between the receiver and the transmitter is very crucial the impulse responses of the designed antennae were considered. The optimization technique proposed here is a real-coded compact genetic algorithm, RCCGA, based on the probability density function of each variable. The final design of the antenna works from 3.1 to 11.7 GHz with 48% lower area compared to previous work.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124300911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463529
D. Guha, Y. Antar, P. Béland, M. Roper
Designing antennas for modern wireless communications has become a challenge to antenna people, particularly for its special requirements of miniaturized size and sometimes its shape to be fitted with the device itself. In this paper, we describe a very recently developed PCS antenna having very high gain with compact size which should be ideal using as a PCS repeater/base station applications.
{"title":"Novel high gain wireless antenna for PCS band","authors":"D. Guha, Y. Antar, P. Béland, M. Roper","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463529","url":null,"abstract":"Designing antennas for modern wireless communications has become a challenge to antenna people, particularly for its special requirements of miniaturized size and sometimes its shape to be fitted with the device itself. In this paper, we describe a very recently developed PCS antenna having very high gain with compact size which should be ideal using as a PCS repeater/base station applications.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114455634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463436
Young Gil Kim, N. Beaulieu
Optimum selection combining using the maximum energy (OSC-ME) criterion for M-ary noncoherent frequency shift keying signaling in independent and non-identically distributed (i.n.d.) fading channels is examined. A weighted maximum energy selection combining (WMESC) scheme is proposed and found to provide the virtually the same symbol error probability as the OSC-ME in Rician fading channels. The WMESC always provides power gain over the classical selection combining (SC) regardless of diversity order and signal-to-noise ratio.
{"title":"Two maximum energy selection combining schemes for M-ary NCFSK in Rician fading","authors":"Young Gil Kim, N. Beaulieu","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463436","url":null,"abstract":"Optimum selection combining using the maximum energy (OSC-ME) criterion for M-ary noncoherent frequency shift keying signaling in independent and non-identically distributed (i.n.d.) fading channels is examined. A weighted maximum energy selection combining (WMESC) scheme is proposed and found to provide the virtually the same symbol error probability as the OSC-ME in Rician fading channels. The WMESC always provides power gain over the classical selection combining (SC) regardless of diversity order and signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123410581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463567
Y. Kang, S. Mo, Joon Ho Cho
In this paper, new channel parameters to characterize the capacity of single-input single-output (SISO) frequency-selective wireless channels are proposed, and the results of an indoor measurement campaign conducted at 2.38 GHz with a bandwidth of 20 MHz are reported. Using the Taylor series expansion of the channel capacity, the mean path gain that quantifies the average power gain of the channel and the normalized mean-square path gain that quantifies the frequency selectivity of the channel are derived. The experimental results verify that the proposed parameters better characterize the capacity than the root mean-square (RMS) delay spread that has been mostly used to parameterize wireless channels.
{"title":"RMS delay spread vs. mean-square path gain for characterization of channel capacity","authors":"Y. Kang, S. Mo, Joon Ho Cho","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463567","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, new channel parameters to characterize the capacity of single-input single-output (SISO) frequency-selective wireless channels are proposed, and the results of an indoor measurement campaign conducted at 2.38 GHz with a bandwidth of 20 MHz are reported. Using the Taylor series expansion of the channel capacity, the mean path gain that quantifies the average power gain of the channel and the normalized mean-square path gain that quantifies the frequency selectivity of the channel are derived. The experimental results verify that the proposed parameters better characterize the capacity than the root mean-square (RMS) delay spread that has been mostly used to parameterize wireless channels.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123642963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463538
D. Prendergast, Yiyan Wu, G. Gagnon
This paper analyzes the effects of recent development in Over-The-Air (OTA) Television Broadcasting that will allow for new full duplex digital services to be offered in the band. On February 17, 2009, the analog terrestrial television system will have fully transitioned to digital in the United States ending an era of analog TV broadcasting; Canada is to follow in August 2011. At that stage, broadcast RF spectrum will be only occupied by Digital Television (DTV) services making possible the co-existence of other (non-broadcast) digital services resulting from the improved spectrum efficiency offered by digital technology. This recent development allows for new digital services to be offered mainly to rural and remote areas where broadband Internet Multimedia Services (IMS), available in the urban and sub-urban areas are unlikely to be delivered by standard means. In an effort to improve even more the efficient use of the spectrum, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM) for the development of a Cognitive Radio (CR) type Unlicensed Device (UD) that would be deployed in the television band. These UDs would operate in the vacant DTV spectrum, known as "white space", thus fostering broadband access and IMS service delivery to end users. Concerns, however, have been raised by DTV broadcasters on the impact that these devices could have on DTV reception. To that end, studies were performed at CRC to quantify the level of interference generated by the Unlicensed Devices and their effect on DTV operations. The results from these studies will be presented in this paper and show that it is imperative that the UDs cognitive radio be able to detect and avoid channels being used by incumbents i.e., DTV and Cordless Microphones (CM). These cognitive radios will have to strictly abide by a set of rules such that harmful interference to the incumbents is avoided.
{"title":"The effect of unlicensed cognitive device operation on digital television performance in the VHF/UHF band","authors":"D. Prendergast, Yiyan Wu, G. Gagnon","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463538","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the effects of recent development in Over-The-Air (OTA) Television Broadcasting that will allow for new full duplex digital services to be offered in the band. On February 17, 2009, the analog terrestrial television system will have fully transitioned to digital in the United States ending an era of analog TV broadcasting; Canada is to follow in August 2011. At that stage, broadcast RF spectrum will be only occupied by Digital Television (DTV) services making possible the co-existence of other (non-broadcast) digital services resulting from the improved spectrum efficiency offered by digital technology. This recent development allows for new digital services to be offered mainly to rural and remote areas where broadband Internet Multimedia Services (IMS), available in the urban and sub-urban areas are unlikely to be delivered by standard means. In an effort to improve even more the efficient use of the spectrum, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM) for the development of a Cognitive Radio (CR) type Unlicensed Device (UD) that would be deployed in the television band. These UDs would operate in the vacant DTV spectrum, known as \"white space\", thus fostering broadband access and IMS service delivery to end users. Concerns, however, have been raised by DTV broadcasters on the impact that these devices could have on DTV reception. To that end, studies were performed at CRC to quantify the level of interference generated by the Unlicensed Devices and their effect on DTV operations. The results from these studies will be presented in this paper and show that it is imperative that the UDs cognitive radio be able to detect and avoid channels being used by incumbents i.e., DTV and Cordless Microphones (CM). These cognitive radios will have to strictly abide by a set of rules such that harmful interference to the incumbents is avoided.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122067738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-05DOI: 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463485
Y. Takanashi, Y. Horii, M. Nakagawa
In the case of serving different types of services like mobile communication and mobile broadcast on the adjacent frequency bands in TD-CDMA, adjacent channel crossed-slot interference, caused by different ratios of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) slots in these services, occurs. Usually, the number of time slots of broadcast DL is more than that of communication DL. In other words, these services have different switching points between DL and UL. Therefore, time slots of communication UL could exit at the same time as those of broadcast DL. These slots are called crossed-slots. Practically, antennas for communication and broadcast are close to each other such as on the same building. That is why communication UL signals with weak power are interfered by broadcast DL signals with strong power in the crossed-slots. We have proposed a scheme which can avoid adjacent channel crossed-slot interference and can realize smooth integration of mobile communication and mobile broadcast in TD-CDMA.
{"title":"Avoidance of adjacent channel crossed-slot interference in TD-CDMA","authors":"Y. Takanashi, Y. Horii, M. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/RWS.2008.4463485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS.2008.4463485","url":null,"abstract":"In the case of serving different types of services like mobile communication and mobile broadcast on the adjacent frequency bands in TD-CDMA, adjacent channel crossed-slot interference, caused by different ratios of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) slots in these services, occurs. Usually, the number of time slots of broadcast DL is more than that of communication DL. In other words, these services have different switching points between DL and UL. Therefore, time slots of communication UL could exit at the same time as those of broadcast DL. These slots are called crossed-slots. Practically, antennas for communication and broadcast are close to each other such as on the same building. That is why communication UL signals with weak power are interfered by broadcast DL signals with strong power in the crossed-slots. We have proposed a scheme which can avoid adjacent channel crossed-slot interference and can realize smooth integration of mobile communication and mobile broadcast in TD-CDMA.","PeriodicalId":431471,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124038122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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