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Implementation and Execution of Block Chain Technology in the Field of Education 区块链技术在教育领域的实施与执行
Joel Alanya ‒ Beltran, Jesús Padilla-Caballero, F. A. Ochoa Tataje, Claudia Poma ‒ Garcia, Adolfo Perez ‒ Mendoza, Trishu Sharma
Occupational category or education professionals at all degrees have always been drawn to emerging innovations in order to maximize their potential for working hard and enriching the experiences of teaching and learning of both instructors and students. The increased usage of Big Data, Business Intelligence, and Intelligent Systems are a few of the breakthroughs. The usage of Block chain technology is another emerging field that is receiving attention from the education industry. The contribution to the Ir4.0 phenomena is the Block chain. It is a new technology that operates according to the autonomy and dispersion principles. The book “Block Chain Uses for School,” edited in Ramesh Vijay Yadav, Hadi Heidari, and GulsunKurubacak, was thoroughly reviewed in the article. It is among the few books that highlights the use of bitcoin technology in the classroom. The writers of the corresponding pages include a variety of potential Public Block chain management for schooling application. Additionally, the eBook focuses on managing institutions databases employing block chain, which increases the validity and safety of school data related to diplomas and grading sheet by enabling failsafe verification for all shareholders. In a couple of the pages, it is discussed how open and remote institutions of learning may handle large data using block chain. The book is essential reading for anybody involved in creating educational policies, putting them into practise, or studying education in general since it offers fresh perspectives on the numerous facets of this relatively recent field of technology application in education. This would assist students in changing how they see educational procedures.
各种学位的职业类别或教育专业人员一直被新兴的创新所吸引,以最大限度地发挥他们的潜力,努力工作,丰富教师和学生的教学经验。大数据、商业智能和智能系统的使用增加是其中的一些突破。区块链技术的使用是另一个受到教育行业关注的新兴领域。对工业4.0现象的贡献是区块链。它是一种根据自治和分散原理运行的新技术。由Ramesh Vijay Yadav、Hadi Heidari和GulsunKurubacak编辑的《区块链用于学校》一书在文章中进行了全面的审查。它是少数几本强调在课堂上使用比特币技术的书之一。相应页面的作者包括各种潜在的用于学校应用的公共区块链管理。此外,电子书侧重于使用区块链管理机构数据库,通过为所有股东提供故障安全验证,从而提高与文凭和成绩单相关的学校数据的有效性和安全性。在几页中,讨论了开放和远程学习机构如何使用区块链处理大数据。对于任何参与制定教育政策、将其付诸实践或研究教育的人来说,这本书都是必不可少的读物,因为它为这一相对较新的技术在教育中的应用领域的许多方面提供了新的视角。这将有助于学生改变他们对教育程序的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Groundwater Delineation Using RS and GIS for Gurgaon Region 基于RS和GIS的古尔冈地区地下水圈定
R. Jain
Water is the most widely consumed natural resource on the earth. Due to continuous use and unmindful wastage, the water table is declining. To protect this information of ground water potential is needed. Remote Sensing with Geographic Information System and Multi criteria decision analysis techniques is used. Analytical Hierarchy Process comes under Multi Criteria Decision Analysis and it is executed for defining weights for different criteria
水是地球上消耗最广泛的自然资源。由于持续的使用和粗心的浪费,地下水位正在下降。为了保护地下水的水势,需要地下水的水势信息。遥感与地理信息系统和多准则决策分析技术的应用。层次分析法属于多准则决策分析,用于定义不同准则的权重
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引用次数: 0
Identification and Analysis of Log4j Vulnerability Log4j漏洞的识别与分析
Hritik Gupta, A. Chaudhary, Anil Kumar
Java is still regarded as one of the most powerful programming languages available, because of its security and platform independence. It's hard to manage logs manually so to simplify and to make logging easy Apache released Apache log4j framework to manage logs generated by applications easily. This is imbued within the code so no extra hard work is required to access or deploy it. This paper is all about logg4j vulnerabilities visible in the log4j framework.
由于其安全性和平台独立性,Java仍然被认为是最强大的可用编程语言之一。手动管理日志很困难,因此为了简化和简化日志记录,Apache发布了Apache log4j框架来轻松管理应用程序生成的日志。这是嵌入在代码中的,因此不需要额外的辛勤工作来访问或部署它。本文主要讨论log4j框架中可见的log4j漏洞。
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引用次数: 2
Adaptive Multi Scale Products Threshold-Based MRI Denoising 基于自适应多尺度产品阈值的MRI去噪
A. Kumar, K. Sutariya
Denoising an image has become an extremely important step in medical imaging, and it is performed throughout the entire diagnostic process. In medical imaging, it is imperative that a balance be maintained between the elimination of distracting noise and the maintenance of diagnostically relevant information. Imaging modalities have many objectives, one of the most important of which is to supply the doctor with the most reliable information possible so that they can make an precise diagnosis. The utilization of multiresolution noise filters in a wide range of medical imaging applications is garnering an increasing amount of attention. This study discusses some of the possible uses of new wavelet denoising algorithms for medical magnetic resonance images and reviews some of the techniques that have been used recently. These techniques were used to investigate various areas of the human body. The goal of this project is to demonstrate and evaluate various approaches of noise suppression that are based on both image processing and clinical experience. Rician noise is a phenomenon that is frequently observed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the field of medical image processing, edge-preserving denoising is becoming an increasingly important technique. In this paper, a wavelet-based multi scale products thresholding system is presented for the purpose of eliminating noise in magnetic resonance pictures. A dyadic wavelet transform that works similarly to an edge detector is used. As a consequence of this, significant features in images will continue to evolve with high magnitude throughout wavelet scales, whereas noise will quickly fade away. The wavelet sub bands that are next to one another are multiplied in order to improve edge structures while simultaneously reducing noise in order to take advantage of wavelet inter scale dependencies. When using the multi scale products, it is possible to differentiate edges from noise in an efficient manner. After that, an adaptive threshold is computed and applied to the products rather than the wavelet coefficients so that relevant features can be identified. Experiments have demonstrated that adaptive multi scale products thresholding is superior to conventional wavelet-thresholding denoising approaches in terms of its ability to reduce noise and retain edges. The fact that the wavelet transform can recreate an image without any noticeable loss of quality is the primary benefit of using this technique.
图像去噪已经成为医学成像中极其重要的一步,它贯穿于整个诊断过程。在医学成像中,必须在消除干扰噪声和维护诊断相关信息之间保持平衡。成像模式有许多目的,其中最重要的是为医生提供尽可能可靠的信息,以便他们做出准确的诊断。多分辨率噪声滤波器在广泛的医学成像应用中得到越来越多的关注。本研究讨论了一些新的小波去噪算法在医学磁共振图像中的可能用途,并对最近使用的一些技术进行了综述。这些技术被用来研究人体的各个部位。这个项目的目标是展示和评估基于图像处理和临床经验的各种噪声抑制方法。噪声是磁共振成像(MRI)中常见的一种现象。在医学图像处理领域,边缘保持去噪是一项越来越重要的技术。提出了一种基于小波的多尺度积阈值去除磁共振图像噪声的方法。二进小波变换的工作原理类似于边缘检测器被使用。因此,图像中的重要特征将在整个小波尺度上继续以高幅度发展,而噪声将迅速消失。将相邻的小波子带相乘以改善边缘结构,同时利用小波尺度间依赖性降低噪声。当使用多尺度积时,可以有效地区分边缘和噪声。之后,计算自适应阈值并将其应用于产品而不是小波系数,以便识别相关特征。实验表明,自适应多尺度积阈值去噪方法在降噪和保留边缘方面优于传统的小波阈值去噪方法。事实上,小波变换可以在没有任何明显的质量损失的情况下重建图像,这是使用这种技术的主要好处。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Agricultural Toolset based on Artificial Intelligence 基于人工智能的农业工具集分析
Yashi Bajpai, Madhavi Srivastva, T. Singh, Vineet Kumar Chauhan, Diwakar Upadhyay, Abhishek Dixit
One of the industries that are most crucial to humanity is agriculture. Agriculture mechanization is the major issue facing all countries today. As the world's population is expanding at an incredibly fast rate, there is an increasing demand for food. To fulfill the expanding demand, farmers will need to apply chemical pesticides more often than they already do. The soil is harmed by this. The land continues to be unproductive and barren as a result of this having a substantial influence on agricultural activities. Several mechanization strategies, including deep learning, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, are covered in this article. It is crucial to use new technologies at various stages of the agro-based supply chain due to several long-term challenges for the agricultural industry and various factors, such as population growth, global warming, technological advancement, and the condition of environmental assets (water, etc.). Examples include automated farm equipment processes, the use of sensing devices and satellite data for distant locations, artificial intelligence, and machine learning for forecasting weather patterns. Crop diseases, inadequate storage management, chemical usage, weed control, insufficient irrigation, and poor water management are just a few problems the agricultural sector is facing. Using the range of strategies covered, each of these problems might be handled. It has been demonstrated that automating farming procedures increases soil productivity and improves soil fertility. To get a quick overview of how automation is currently being used in agriculture, this paper examines the work of numerous researchers. In the current study, we highlight the key uses of AI and Ml techniques in farming and highlight the undeniably rising trend in the implementation of these techniques to advance the agriculture sector.
农业是对人类最重要的产业之一。农业机械化是当今世界各国面临的主要问题。随着世界人口以令人难以置信的速度增长,对食物的需求也在不断增加。为了满足不断扩大的需求,农民将需要比现在更频繁地使用化学农药。土壤因此受到损害。土地仍然贫瘠贫瘠,这对农业活动产生了重大影响。本文介绍了几种机械化策略,包括深度学习、机器学习和人工智能。由于人口增长、全球变暖、技术进步和环境资产(水等)状况等各种因素,农业产业面临的几个长期挑战以及各种因素,在农业供应链的各个阶段使用新技术至关重要。例子包括自动化农场设备流程、遥感设备和远程卫星数据的使用、人工智能和预测天气模式的机器学习。农作物病害、储存管理不足、化学品使用、杂草控制、灌溉不足和水管理不善只是农业部门面临的几个问题。使用所涵盖的策略范围,可以处理这些问题中的每一个。已经证明,自动化耕作程序可以提高土壤生产力,提高土壤肥力。为了快速了解自动化目前是如何在农业中使用的,本文检查了许多研究人员的工作。在当前的研究中,我们强调了人工智能和机器学习技术在农业中的关键用途,并强调了这些技术在推动农业部门发展方面不可否认的上升趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancement of Quality of Service in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks using Hybrid Load Balanced Simulator: Annealing Simulated 利用混合负载均衡模拟器提高移动自组网服务质量:退火模拟
Anil Kumar, R. Shukla, R. Shukla, Shelendra Pal
Wireless topologies can change rapidly and unexpectedly. Hybrid networks are connected by gateways, which act as entry points for all traffic. Some gateways may be subject to high traffic loads and therefore may be overloaded. To compare the performance of the proposed work, various parameters including end-to-end latency, power consumption, and throughput are considered. Load Balancing Hybrid Simulator (LBHS) is an algorithm used in this paper to distribute traffic load among multiple gateways to solve load balancing problems in MANET. It combines a Hybridge Annealing Simulation (HAS) network technology with Decentralized Random Search (DRS). A network that supports QoS in MANET. The Dominant Minimal Set (DMS) problem is solved using AS. The DSS heuristic algorithm provides an algorithm with a simple structure and a high degree of exploration. In addition to faster convergence than other algorithms, it also implements an axiomatic algorithm to ensure the diversity of agents and avoid falling into local optimum. The test results show that the proposed Hybridge Annealing Simulated Decentralized Random Search (HAS-DRS) procedure performs better than the dominated connection set (DCS).
无线拓扑结构可以迅速而意外地变化。混合网络由网关连接,网关充当所有流量的入口点。某些网关可能会受到高流量负载的影响,因此可能会过载。为了比较所提议的工作的性能,考虑了各种参数,包括端到端延迟、功耗和吞吐量。负载均衡混合模拟器(Load Balancing Hybrid Simulator, LBHS)是一种用于在多个网关之间分配流量负载的算法,以解决MANET中的负载均衡问题。它结合了混合桥退火模拟(HAS)网络技术和分散随机搜索(DRS)。在MANET中支持QoS的网络。利用自治系统解决了优势最小集问题。DSS启发式算法提供了一种结构简单、探索程度高的算法。除了收敛速度快于其他算法外,它还实现了一种公理算法,以保证代理的多样性,避免陷入局部最优。实验结果表明,所提出的Hybridge退火模拟分散随机搜索(HAS-DRS)算法比支配连接集(DCS)算法性能更好。
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引用次数: 0
Scheduling Cloudlets in a Cloud Computing Environment: A Priority-based Cloudlet Scheduling Algorithm (PBCSA) 云计算环境下的云调度:基于优先级的云调度算法(PBCSA)
D. Gritto, P. Muthulakshmi
Cloud computing is a service model that has evolved in its stature beyond its traditional bounds of infrastructure, platform and software as a service. As the surge in resource demand may hit the cloud service provider at any time, a ceaseless monitoring system is vital. The allocation of an appropriate virtual machine for the cloudlet i.e., the user workload and maintaining the work load equilibrium among the resources is the most challenging operation in the cloud environment. The proper utilization of the cloud resources can be ensured by selecting the right cloudlet scheduling and load balancing algorithm(s). The cloudlet scheduling algorithm selection is based on the combination of two or more Quality of Service (QoS) and performance metrics like makespan, throughput, cost, power consumption, virtual machine or resource utilization and load balancing etc. The load balancer module takes the responsibility of dispersing the cloudlets evenly among the virtual machines by considering various features like CPU utilization, number of processing elements, bandwidth, memory and the load limit of the virtual machines. In this paper, an effort has been made to comprehend the most persisting cloudlet scheduling and load balancing algorithms that have been proposed by the researchers. Compiling the load balancing technologies that are integrated with the contemporary cloud platforms such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) has also been prioritized. This study suggests a Priority Based Cloudlet Scheduling Algorithm (PBCSA) that schedules the cloudlet according to the user priority. The Min-Min scheduler is used to schedule the high priority cloudlets and the Max-Min scheduler is used to schedule the low priority cloudlets. The experimental findings reveals that, in the majority of scenarios, the proposed algorithm outperforms the Min-Min and Max-Min scheduling in terms of makespan and virtual machine utilization ratio.
云计算是一种服务模式,其地位已经超越了基础设施、平台和软件即服务的传统界限。由于资源需求的激增可能随时冲击云服务提供商,因此一个不间断的监控系统至关重要。为cloudlet分配适当的虚拟机(即用户工作负载和维护资源之间的工作负载平衡)是云环境中最具挑战性的操作。通过选择合适的云调度和负载均衡算法,可以保证云资源的合理利用。cloudlet调度算法的选择是基于两个或多个服务质量(QoS)和性能指标的组合,如makespan、吞吐量、成本、功耗、虚拟机或资源利用率和负载平衡等。负载平衡器模块通过考虑各种特性,如CPU利用率、处理元素的数量、带宽、内存和虚拟机的负载限制,负责在虚拟机中均匀地分散cloudlet。本文对研究人员提出的最持久的云调度和负载平衡算法进行了理解。编译与Amazon Web Services (AWS)、Microsoft Azure和谷歌cloud Platform (GCP)等当代云平台集成的负载平衡技术也已被优先考虑。本研究提出一种基于优先级的云调度算法(PBCSA),根据用户优先级对云调度进行调度。Min-Min调度器用于调度高优先级的cloudlets, Max-Min调度器用于调度低优先级的cloudlets。实验结果表明,在大多数场景下,该算法在makespan和虚拟机利用率方面优于Min-Min和Max-Min调度。
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引用次数: 1
Detection of Skin Diseases via Deep Learning using SVM Method 基于SVM方法的深度学习皮肤病检测
A. K. Moharana, Daxa Vekariya
Dermatological issues are one of the most preventable diseases in the world. Although it is widespread, studying it is challenging because of the many layers of complexity introduced by the presence of colour, concealment, and hair. Diagnosing skin problems early is essential for effective therapy. The method for identifying and treating skin injury is based on the specialist's level of competence and experience. There needs to be pinpoint accuracy in the analysis. Success rates for clinical diagnostic and clinical therapeutic frameworks are improving with time as a result of cutting-edge developments in medicine and data science. Skin disease diagnosis has benefited from the application of AI calculations and the utilisation of the large quantity of information available in hospitals and clinics. For this study, we collated a large number of previous studies that analysed skin illnesses via the lens of AI-based classification strategies. In their previous studies, the specialists employed numerous frameworks, instruments, and calculations. A small number of frameworks have been developed that are capable of correctly identifying skin diseases with varying degrees of suggestive precision. Multiple models have used image processing and component extraction methods to
皮肤病是世界上最容易预防的疾病之一。虽然它很普遍,但研究它是具有挑战性的,因为颜色、隐藏和头发的存在引入了许多复杂的层次。早期诊断皮肤问题对有效治疗至关重要。识别和治疗皮肤损伤的方法是基于专家的能力和经验水平。在分析中需要精确到极点。由于医学和数据科学的前沿发展,临床诊断和临床治疗框架的成功率正在随着时间的推移而提高。皮肤病诊断得益于人工智能计算的应用以及对医院和诊所大量可用信息的利用。在这项研究中,我们整理了大量以前的研究,这些研究通过基于人工智能的分类策略分析了皮肤疾病。在他们之前的研究中,专家们使用了许多框架、工具和计算方法。已经开发了少数能够以不同程度的提示精度正确识别皮肤病的框架。多个模型采用了图像处理和成分提取的方法
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引用次数: 0
Design of Coaxial Feed Microstrip Patch Antenna to Reduce Return Loss and Comparing with Square Shaped Antenna 降低回波损耗的同轴馈电微带贴片天线的设计及与方形天线的比较
G. A. Kumar, G. Uganya
The main aim of the work involves designing a novel coaxial feed microstrip patch antenna to reduce return loss by comparing with the square shaped antenna. The desired antenna is made using a rectangular structure that was built on a Rogers RO4350 material with 3.6 dielectric constant, with 3.2 mm substrate height. The performance of the antenna is designed and analyzed servicing Ansoft HFSS 13.0 software. The estimated total sample size is considered to be 40 using 80% of pretest power. Group 1 is considered as coaxial feed MPA and group 2 is considered as square shaped antenna. The co-axial microstrip patch antenna is having return loss of −12.32 dB at 5.4GHz frequency, return loss of the square shaped antenna is −4.35 dB. It has been seen that the significance gap between the two groups is P<0.05. The return loss of novel coaxial feed microstrip patch antenna is significantly less when compared to square shaped antenna.
本文的主要目的是设计一种新型同轴馈电微带贴片天线,通过与方形天线的比较,降低回波损耗。所需的天线使用矩形结构制成,该结构建立在具有3.6介电常数的罗杰斯RO4350材料上,衬底高度为3.2 mm。利用Ansoft HFSS 13.0软件对天线的性能进行了设计和分析。估计的总样本量被认为是40,使用80%的测试前功率。组1考虑为同轴馈电MPA,组2考虑为方形天线。同轴微带贴片天线在5.4GHz频率下的回波损耗为−12.32 dB,方形天线的回波损耗为−4.35 dB。可以看出,两组间的显著性差异为P<0.05。新型同轴馈电微带贴片天线的回波损耗明显小于方形天线。
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引用次数: 0
Intrusion Detection Using Enhanced Transductive Support Vector Machine 基于增强转导支持向量机的入侵检测
V. Priyalakshmi, R. Devi
The world is getting more interconnected and reliant on the Internet and the services it provides today. The protection of networks and apps from unauthorized attacks is one of the biggest difficulties in internet communication. Numerous solutions have been put out to deal with security concerns, yet the vast majority of these solutions consistently fall short of rapidly and effectively detecting security threats. In order to detect new attacks with high accuracy, a method for intrusion detection employing machine learning techniques is proposed in this article. Here, the Enhanced Transductive Support Vector Machine (ETSVM) method is used to classify the data in order to more accurately detect the different types of intrusion attacks. The more pertinent and ideal features are chosen using the Improved Glowworm Swarm Optimization (IGSO) technique. This method performs better at detecting intrusions on the KDD CUP99 and CSE-CIC-IDS2018 datasets. Precision, recall, and accuracy are used to assess the proposed model's performance in identifying the four types of cyber attacks-DoS, U2R, R2L, and Probe. In order to validate the proposed methodology, comparative findings are presented.
当今世界越来越相互联系,越来越依赖互联网及其提供的服务。保护网络和应用程序免受未经授权的攻击是互联网通信中最大的困难之一。已经提出了许多解决方案来处理安全问题,但是这些解决方案中的绝大多数始终无法快速有效地检测安全威胁。为了高精度地检测新的攻击,本文提出了一种利用机器学习技术进行入侵检测的方法。本文采用增强的转换支持向量机(Enhanced Transductive Support Vector Machine, ETSVM)方法对数据进行分类,以便更准确地检测出不同类型的入侵攻击。利用改进的萤火虫群优化(IGSO)技术选择更有针对性和更理想的特征。该方法对KDD CUP99和CSE-CIC-IDS2018数据集的入侵检测效果较好。精确度、召回率和准确性被用来评估所提出的模型在识别四种类型的网络攻击(dos、U2R、R2L和Probe)方面的性能。为了验证所提出的方法,提出了比较结果。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2022 11th International Conference on System Modeling & Advancement in Research Trends (SMART)
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