Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky’s propaganda model, one of the major scholarly contributions to the understanding of – especially foreign – news produced by the US media, consists of trenchant analysis of media industries and volumes of media content, while mostly ignoring an important intermediate step: what happens in the newsroom. This article aims to fill in those blanks with a critical reflection informed by academic literature on the author’s time working as a global news editor with two news agencies, including the main American one, the Associated Press. Specifically, the article aims to clarify and expand on three concepts related to journalistic practices that get short shrift in the propaganda model: journalists’ individual responsibility for the product they produce, their intent and their conformity to organizational imperatives, thereby as much as possible making understandable how and why the propaganda model works on the ground.
{"title":"Manufacturing foreign news from afar: Views from an editor’s desk","authors":"T. Bergman","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00078_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00078_1","url":null,"abstract":"Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky’s propaganda model, one of the major scholarly contributions to the understanding of – especially foreign – news produced by the US media, consists of trenchant analysis of media industries and volumes of media content, while mostly ignoring an important intermediate step: what happens in the newsroom. This article aims to fill in those blanks with a critical reflection informed by academic literature on the author’s time working as a global news editor with two news agencies, including the main American one, the Associated Press. Specifically, the article aims to clarify and expand on three concepts related to journalistic practices that get short shrift in the propaganda model: journalists’ individual responsibility for the product they produce, their intent and their conformity to organizational imperatives, thereby as much as possible making understandable how and why the propaganda model works on the ground.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87483223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a time of enormous change in the Australian news media industry – with outlet closures, redesign of company business models, rationalization of staff and shifts in medium uptake – this article explores journalists’ exposure to and perceptions of work pressures in their jobs. It explores the relationship of these experiences with the journalists’ job satisfaction. The study reports that journalists find the industry difficult and demanding, with time pressures, ethical compromise and overwork being their main concerns. However, the study also found that journalists still derive satisfaction from a profession they perceive as meaningful through informing their communities about matters that affect their decision making and how they live. This passion for community service alongside the notion of holding authority to account result in a sense of overarching job satisfaction. This article presents part of a study that investigated the experience of journalists in remote and regional media organizations in Queensland and New South Wales through survey and interviews.
{"title":"Pressure, compromise and overwork: How Australian regional journalists gain job satisfaction through community service","authors":"Elizabeth J Stephens, Rosanna Natoli","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00076_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00076_1","url":null,"abstract":"In a time of enormous change in the Australian news media industry – with outlet closures, redesign of company business models, rationalization of staff and shifts in medium uptake – this article explores journalists’ exposure to and perceptions of work pressures in their jobs. It explores the relationship of these experiences with the journalists’ job satisfaction. The study reports that journalists find the industry difficult and demanding, with time pressures, ethical compromise and overwork being their main concerns. However, the study also found that journalists still derive satisfaction from a profession they perceive as meaningful through informing their communities about matters that affect their decision making and how they live. This passion for community service alongside the notion of holding authority to account result in a sense of overarching job satisfaction. This article presents part of a study that investigated the experience of journalists in remote and regional media organizations in Queensland and New South Wales through survey and interviews.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76209881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45046-5
Weiyi Li, Changpeng Huan
{"title":"News Values from an Audience Perspective","authors":"Weiyi Li, Changpeng Huan","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-45046-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45046-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88940983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Mediatization(s): Theoretical Conversations between Europe and Latin America, Carlos A. Scolari, José L. Fernández and Joan R. Rodríguez-Amat (Eds) (2021) Bristol: Intellect, 212 pp., ISBN 978-1-78938-369-0 ISBN 978-1-78938-367-6 Hardback GBP 75.00 / EPUB GBP 56.00
回顾:Mediatization(s):欧洲和拉丁美洲之间的理论对话，Carlos A. Scolari, jos L. Fernández和Joan R. Rodríguez-Amat(编辑)(2021)布里斯托尔:智力，212页，ISBN 978-1-78938-369-0ISBN 978-1-78938-367-6精装GBP 75.00 / EPUB GBP 56.00
{"title":"Mediatization(s): Theoretical Conversations between Europe and Latin America, Carlos A. Scolari, José L. Fernández and Joan R. Rodríguez-Amat (Eds) (2021)","authors":"Jose Ortega","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00072_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00072_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Mediatization(s): Theoretical Conversations between Europe and Latin America, Carlos A. Scolari, José L. Fernández and Joan R. Rodríguez-Amat (Eds) (2021)\u0000Bristol: Intellect, 212 pp.,\u0000ISBN 978-1-78938-369-0\u0000ISBN 978-1-78938-367-6\u0000Hardback GBP 75.00 / EPUB GBP 56.00","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82790742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being introduced to news routines. There is a need for theoretical framework to instruct the AI-adopting process and better integrate the cross-domain knowledge. This article attempts to explicate the major transformations AI brings to news systems, i.e., automated writing and personalization at scale. In light of the transformations, the tension between AI and human journalists has drawn attention. In order to unravel the accompanied conundrums, we propound a new notion – AI journalism, which is a trans-domain field of various categories, deriving from journalism automation. We propose to build AI journalism ontology that can manifest the emerging phenomenon in news ecosystem where intelligent machines and human journalists are coexisting. This article’s ultimate contribution is proffering a new framework and a transdisciplinary field to examine the integration of AI and associated technologies into journalism.
{"title":"Introduction to AI journalism: Framework and ontology of the trans-domain field for integrating AI into journalism","authors":"W. Zhang, José Manuel Pérez Tornero","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00063_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00063_1","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being introduced to news routines. There is a need for theoretical framework to instruct the AI-adopting process and better integrate the cross-domain knowledge. This article attempts to explicate the major transformations AI brings to news systems, i.e., automated writing and personalization at scale. In light of the transformations, the tension between AI and human journalists has drawn attention. In order to unravel the accompanied conundrums, we propound a new notion – AI journalism, which is a trans-domain field of various categories, deriving from journalism automation. We propose to build AI journalism ontology that can manifest the emerging phenomenon in news ecosystem where intelligent machines and human journalists are coexisting. This article’s ultimate contribution is proffering a new framework and a transdisciplinary field to examine the integration of AI and associated technologies into journalism.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85950955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The World Health Organization named suicide prevention a global imperative with the media playing an integral role in it. By employing the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) and Agenda-Setting Theory as the theoretical framework, this study aimed to examine the coverage on suicide by The Star, which is an English-language daily with the largest circulation in Malaysia. A five-year (2014–18) range of news coverage was assessed for its adherence to the Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide. The findings showed that the coverage on suicide by The Star was mostly in the form of straight news, whereby articles performed the disseminator role of news media providing facts or quote sources, without including journalists’ interpretation on the suicide incidents. The most common source quoted in the coverage were authorities such as police and government officials. The overall adherence of The Star’s suicide coverage with Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide was mixed. Adherence was adequate (>60 per cent) on some items of the guidelines but extremely low (<18 per cent) for other specific recommendations. The practical implications of the findings are discussed with regard to the implementation and monitoring of media guidelines for suicide reporting, as well as professional education and training of journalists and media–mental health professionals liaison.
{"title":"Assessing adherence to guidelines of media reporting on suicide based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model and Agenda-Setting Theory","authors":"Lai Fong Yang, Justin Victor","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00066_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00066_1","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization named suicide prevention a global imperative with the media playing an integral role in it. By employing the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) and Agenda-Setting Theory as the theoretical framework, this study aimed to examine the coverage on suicide by The Star, which is an English-language daily with the largest circulation in Malaysia. A five-year (2014–18) range of news coverage was assessed for its adherence to the Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide. The findings showed that the coverage on suicide by The Star was mostly in the form of straight news, whereby articles performed the disseminator role of news media providing facts or quote sources, without including journalists’ interpretation on the suicide incidents. The most common source quoted in the coverage were authorities such as police and government officials. The overall adherence of The Star’s suicide coverage with Malaysian guidelines for media reporting on suicide was mixed. Adherence was adequate (>60 per cent) on some items of the guidelines but extremely low (<18 per cent) for other specific recommendations. The practical implications of the findings are discussed with regard to the implementation and monitoring of media guidelines for suicide reporting, as well as professional education and training of journalists and media–mental health professionals liaison.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75803091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this article is to examine the quality of user comments on the Facebook posts of the Greek Public Broadcasting Corporation (ERT) with a view to acquiring an in-depth understanding of the way the users express themselves publicly. Moreover, the article has looked into which characteristics of the posts prompt the users to comment and whether post time is related to user comments. In all, 2547 user comments recorded on ERT digital platform have been analysed, the majority of which feature negative content. The posts that include a photo have a positive influence on users and result in increased interaction, while the relation between comments and post type is also ascertained.
{"title":"User comments on Facebook as a form of interactive engagement","authors":"Styliani Antonakopoulou, A. Veglis","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00067_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00067_1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to examine the quality of user comments on the Facebook posts of the Greek Public Broadcasting Corporation (ERT) with a view to acquiring an in-depth understanding of the way the users express themselves publicly. Moreover, the article has looked into which characteristics of the posts prompt the users to comment and whether post time is related to user comments. In all, 2547 user comments recorded on ERT digital platform have been analysed, the majority of which feature negative content. The posts that include a photo have a positive influence on users and result in increased interaction, while the relation between comments and post type is also ascertained.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82571735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ashimova, G. Sultanbayeva, G. Kendirbai, R. Kertayev, O. Lozhnikova
Television has remained the most prominent and influential form of the Kazakhstani mass media. According to the results of the study under consideration, 98 per cent of all households in the country have at least one television set. In this study, the author analyses data collected during a survey of the Kazakhstani population to assess gender differences relating to their habits of watching TV programmes to estimate levels of their TV consumption and their relationship to television in general. The collected data set also contained information about other related factors such as the administrative status of respondents (rural and urban), their age and occupation in order to identify a more nuanced profile of an average Kazakhstani television viewer.
{"title":"Gender division and television consumption in Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Ashimova, G. Sultanbayeva, G. Kendirbai, R. Kertayev, O. Lozhnikova","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00064_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00064_1","url":null,"abstract":"Television has remained the most prominent and influential form of the Kazakhstani mass media. According to the results of the study under consideration, 98 per cent of all households in the country have at least one television set. In this study, the author analyses data collected during a survey of the Kazakhstani population to assess gender differences relating to their habits of watching TV programmes to estimate levels of their TV consumption and their relationship to television in general. The collected data set also contained information about other related factors such as the administrative status of respondents (rural and urban), their age and occupation in order to identify a more nuanced profile of an average Kazakhstani television viewer.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91097553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In an op-ed, Leslee Udwin, the filmmaker of the controversial but meaningful documentary, India’s Daughter speaks of the tensions she faced in India amidst her film’s release. After her movie was banned in India, she abruptly left the country to avoid arrest. Her film explores the complexities and nuances of the 2012 Delhi rape case. It drew criticism when the trailer was released because it allegedly focused on the rapist’s narrative. Drawing upon my interview with Udwin and archival research, I explore the multitude of ways in which Leslee’s position as a powerful storyteller and an outsider influenced her documentary’s success within and outside of India. A medium of social change, Udwin’s documentary underscores the patriarchal and misogynistic attitudes that continue to exist while simultaneously challenging the role of the state, politicians and law enforcement who are in charge of protecting women’s rights.
{"title":"Leslee Udwin’s India’s Daughter (2015), the power of storytelling and question of social change in the #MeToo era","authors":"Nidhi Shrivastava","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00056_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00056_1","url":null,"abstract":"In an op-ed, Leslee Udwin, the filmmaker of the controversial but meaningful documentary, India’s Daughter speaks of the tensions she faced in India amidst her film’s release. After her movie was banned in India, she abruptly left the country to avoid arrest. Her\u0000 film explores the complexities and nuances of the 2012 Delhi rape case. It drew criticism when the trailer was released because it allegedly focused on the rapist’s narrative. Drawing upon my interview with Udwin and archival research, I explore the multitude of ways in which Leslee’s\u0000 position as a powerful storyteller and an outsider influenced her documentary’s success within and outside of India. A medium of social change, Udwin’s documentary underscores the patriarchal and misogynistic attitudes that continue to exist while simultaneously challenging the\u0000 role of the state, politicians and law enforcement who are in charge of protecting women’s rights.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84194422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using Trevor Noah’s Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood and Rupi Kaur’s TEDxKC performance, ‘I’m taking back my body’, as case studies, this article examines how feminist humour is used by celebrities and public intellectuals to tell personal stories of oppression, trauma and inequality. Building on humour theory, feminist humour theory and affect theory, this article examines the potential of feminist humour as a rhetorical device to help storytellers tell difficult stories, to engage in acts of community-building and world-making, to challenge social inequalities and to enable social change. Ultimately, this article asks what we can learn from these examples, and how we can employ feminist humour in our own storytelling practices not only to disrupt power relations and establish solidarity, but also to imagine new, more equitable, worlds.
{"title":"Feminist humour’s disruptive potential: Trevor Noah’s Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood and Rupi Kaur’s ‘I’m taking back my body’","authors":"Kiera Obbard","doi":"10.1386/ajms_00055_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00055_1","url":null,"abstract":"Using Trevor Noah’s Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood and Rupi Kaur’s TEDxKC performance, ‘I’m taking back my body’, as case studies, this article examines how feminist humour is used by celebrities and public intellectuals to\u0000 tell personal stories of oppression, trauma and inequality. Building on humour theory, feminist humour theory and affect theory, this article examines the potential of feminist humour as a rhetorical device to help storytellers tell difficult stories, to engage in acts of community-building\u0000 and world-making, to challenge social inequalities and to enable social change. Ultimately, this article asks what we can learn from these examples, and how we can employ feminist humour in our own storytelling practices not only to disrupt power relations and establish solidarity, but also\u0000 to imagine new, more equitable, worlds.","PeriodicalId":43197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85987595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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