Pub Date : 2013-07-15DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555548
J. Obrzut, O. Kirillov
Conductance of thin semicontinuous metallic films is measured in coplanar waveguide configuration at frequencies of 1 GHz to 20 GHz. The presented model of the microwave network correlates the experimental scattering parameters (S11) and (S21) with complex impedance and propagation constant, from which we are able to determine the films surface conductance, coefficients of reflectance, transmittance and dissipation. The measurement is illustrated on films of gold, 4 nm to 12 nm thick. After percolation from individual nanoparticles, films thicker than 10 nm resemble a continuous conductor. The presented methodology accurately captures the insulator to conductor transition, and can be used to determine microwave characteristics of such materials.
{"title":"Microwave conductance of semicontinuous metallic films from coplanar waveguide scattering parameters","authors":"J. Obrzut, O. Kirillov","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555548","url":null,"abstract":"Conductance of thin semicontinuous metallic films is measured in coplanar waveguide configuration at frequencies of 1 GHz to 20 GHz. The presented model of the microwave network correlates the experimental scattering parameters (S11) and (S21) with complex impedance and propagation constant, from which we are able to determine the films surface conductance, coefficients of reflectance, transmittance and dissipation. The measurement is illustrated on films of gold, 4 nm to 12 nm thick. After percolation from individual nanoparticles, films thicker than 10 nm resemble a continuous conductor. The presented methodology accurately captures the insulator to conductor transition, and can be used to determine microwave characteristics of such materials.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-15DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555474
Xinyao Sun, Xue Wang, Jiangwei Wu, Youda Liu
Cyber-physical energy systems, which emerges as the approach for integrating physical layers and control networks, have drawn extensively attention in recent years. Electric load forecasting is believed to be an important issue in CPES for its applications in prices determination and automatic generation control. Conventional deterministic load forecast method have drawbacks to providing information about the probability distribution of the prediction results, which are important for stochastic decision in power systems. This paper explores a hierarchical probabilistic approach for short-term load forecast, which combines sparse Bayesian learning with empirical mode decomposition, in order to obtain a componential forecasting results, as well as the forecasting uncertainty. Mahalanobis distance based similar day weighting is introduced to prune the training data. The numerical testing results illustrate that the proposed approach exhibits better performance in comparison with original SBL model and weighted SBL without componential analysis.
{"title":"Hierarchical sparse learning for load forecasting in cyber-physical energy systems","authors":"Xinyao Sun, Xue Wang, Jiangwei Wu, Youda Liu","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555474","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber-physical energy systems, which emerges as the approach for integrating physical layers and control networks, have drawn extensively attention in recent years. Electric load forecasting is believed to be an important issue in CPES for its applications in prices determination and automatic generation control. Conventional deterministic load forecast method have drawbacks to providing information about the probability distribution of the prediction results, which are important for stochastic decision in power systems. This paper explores a hierarchical probabilistic approach for short-term load forecast, which combines sparse Bayesian learning with empirical mode decomposition, in order to obtain a componential forecasting results, as well as the forecasting uncertainty. Mahalanobis distance based similar day weighting is introduced to prune the training data. The numerical testing results illustrate that the proposed approach exhibits better performance in comparison with original SBL model and weighted SBL without componential analysis.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130549907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-15DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555732
Matteo Bertocco, C. Narduzzi, F. Tramarin, L. Seno, S. Vitturi
Wireless communication systems for industrial applications should cope with the demanding performance figures of real-time wired networks, providing high reliability and satisfying tight timeliness constraints. The implementation of a scheduling framework may represent a relevant method to deploy real-time behavior in distributed measurement, process control and supervision networks. A schedulability analysis, based on task parameters, determines if the network will be able to provide the guarantees required by the specified application. Nonetheless, this strategy and the related error recovery mechanism are often implemented at a high level protocol layer, without carefully considering the behavior of physical/data-link layers of the network. An effective characterization of the service time for packet delivery, as seen by the data link-layer, is instead required for a fine tuning of the scheduling algorithms. We analyzed the case of an IEEE 802.11g based network, where a central scheduler manages the traffic. We derived a model for the transmission times, in particular accounting for retransmissions due to channel impairment and interference. An improved model for the service time is then proposed, based on a cross-layer analysis. This allows to reshape the statistical knowledge of the metric, hence improving the network performance and admission test outcomes. The provided case-study enables the reader to understand the effectiveness of the proposed method, which provide a reliable soft real-time data acquisition system.
{"title":"Estimation and analysis of communication service time in a real-time wireless industrial network","authors":"Matteo Bertocco, C. Narduzzi, F. Tramarin, L. Seno, S. Vitturi","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555732","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communication systems for industrial applications should cope with the demanding performance figures of real-time wired networks, providing high reliability and satisfying tight timeliness constraints. The implementation of a scheduling framework may represent a relevant method to deploy real-time behavior in distributed measurement, process control and supervision networks. A schedulability analysis, based on task parameters, determines if the network will be able to provide the guarantees required by the specified application. Nonetheless, this strategy and the related error recovery mechanism are often implemented at a high level protocol layer, without carefully considering the behavior of physical/data-link layers of the network. An effective characterization of the service time for packet delivery, as seen by the data link-layer, is instead required for a fine tuning of the scheduling algorithms. We analyzed the case of an IEEE 802.11g based network, where a central scheduler manages the traffic. We derived a model for the transmission times, in particular accounting for retransmissions due to channel impairment and interference. An improved model for the service time is then proposed, based on a cross-layer analysis. This allows to reshape the statistical knowledge of the metric, hence improving the network performance and admission test outcomes. The provided case-study enables the reader to understand the effectiveness of the proposed method, which provide a reliable soft real-time data acquisition system.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"537 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123578839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-15DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555461
J. V. F. Neto, Ronnie S. Loureiro, E. F. M. Ferreira
In this paper is presented a method to monitor and analyze data from the instrumentation system of electric power substation 69/13, 8kV as a way to identify false alarms that lead to erroneous decision making from maintenance and operation teams. The data are extracted from the field instrumentation automation system through the digital relays that have protective function and measuring the electrical grid. Uses model-based quantitative method applying physical laws to develop a fault detection module from all current sensors substation. To identify whether a particular event is real or false alarm we use analytical redundancy. This module is part of the failure recovery system designed to meet the Maintenance Management Center (MMC), whose overall objective is to assist in the maintenance of their equipment operational intervention.
{"title":"Analytic redundance applied to the relay-connected instrumentation of electric power distribution substations","authors":"J. V. F. Neto, Ronnie S. Loureiro, E. F. M. Ferreira","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555461","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper is presented a method to monitor and analyze data from the instrumentation system of electric power substation 69/13, 8kV as a way to identify false alarms that lead to erroneous decision making from maintenance and operation teams. The data are extracted from the field instrumentation automation system through the digital relays that have protective function and measuring the electrical grid. Uses model-based quantitative method applying physical laws to develop a fault detection module from all current sensors substation. To identify whether a particular event is real or false alarm we use analytical redundancy. This module is part of the failure recovery system designed to meet the Maintenance Management Center (MMC), whose overall objective is to assist in the maintenance of their equipment operational intervention.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130528358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-15DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555584
G. Betta, D. Capriglione, M. Corvino, C. Liguori, A. Paolillo
The paper proposes a new approach to a decision making process based on face recognition algorithms. The proposed approach is based on the use of the uncertainty on the information used in the classification process to provide suitable level of confidence to the system output. As a case study, it is applied to a specific face recognition classification algorithm, namely the one based on Linear Discrimination Analysis, but it can be easily extended to other classification algorithms even dealing with other applications.
{"title":"Face based recognition algorithms: The use of uncertainty in the classification","authors":"G. Betta, D. Capriglione, M. Corvino, C. Liguori, A. Paolillo","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555584","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a new approach to a decision making process based on face recognition algorithms. The proposed approach is based on the use of the uncertainty on the information used in the classification process to provide suitable level of confidence to the system output. As a case study, it is applied to a specific face recognition classification algorithm, namely the one based on Linear Discrimination Analysis, but it can be easily extended to other classification algorithms even dealing with other applications.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555413
Lijuan Wang, Yong Yan, Yonghui Hu, X. Qian
Rotational speed is a key parameter for the condition monitoring and control of rotating equipment such as generators, electromotors, centrifugal and machine tool spindles. This paper presents the principle and application of electrostatic sensors and correlation signal processing techniques to real-time measurement of rotational speed. Experimental tests were conducted on a test rig under a range of conditions. The results suggest that the operability and accuracy of the measurement system depend on a number of factors, in particular, the distance between the electrodes and the surface of the rotating equipment. The system performs better under higher rotational speed conditions as more electrostatic charge is produced on the rotating surface.
{"title":"Rotational speed measurement using electrostatic sensors and correlation signal processing techniques","authors":"Lijuan Wang, Yong Yan, Yonghui Hu, X. Qian","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555413","url":null,"abstract":"Rotational speed is a key parameter for the condition monitoring and control of rotating equipment such as generators, electromotors, centrifugal and machine tool spindles. This paper presents the principle and application of electrostatic sensors and correlation signal processing techniques to real-time measurement of rotational speed. Experimental tests were conducted on a test rig under a range of conditions. The results suggest that the operability and accuracy of the measurement system depend on a number of factors, in particular, the distance between the electrodes and the surface of the rotating equipment. The system performs better under higher rotational speed conditions as more electrostatic charge is produced on the rotating surface.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115419456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555459
A. Balbinot, A. Schuck, Yuri Bruxel
With the increase of interest in aerobic exercises attention should be paid not only to their benefits, but also to the risks involved. During the execution of human gait, a reduction of the acceleration occurs as the foot touches the ground, causing a shockwave that travels throughout the body. The present study is aimed to develop data acquisition system for acceleration, using low-cost accelerometers for the gait assessment. Data were collected from an accelerometer at three speeds with sensors attached to the column and tibia of the user to test the acquisition system and get the real data to be processed. The results obtained with gait analysis are consistent with findings of similar studies. The gait analysis system used in the present study was found to be a practical low-cost alternative for the monitoring and study of human motion.
{"title":"Measurement of transmissibility on individuals","authors":"A. Balbinot, A. Schuck, Yuri Bruxel","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555459","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of interest in aerobic exercises attention should be paid not only to their benefits, but also to the risks involved. During the execution of human gait, a reduction of the acceleration occurs as the foot touches the ground, causing a shockwave that travels throughout the body. The present study is aimed to develop data acquisition system for acceleration, using low-cost accelerometers for the gait assessment. Data were collected from an accelerometer at three speeds with sensors attached to the column and tibia of the user to test the acquisition system and get the real data to be processed. The results obtained with gait analysis are consistent with findings of similar studies. The gait analysis system used in the present study was found to be a practical low-cost alternative for the monitoring and study of human motion.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114664697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555428
R. Ricci, A. Sona
Human motion analysis is nowadays an appealing task of increasing interest in several application fields, like medicine and security. Many applications cover gait analysis, disaster recovery, telemetry, and surveillance. In this paper, the characterization of an ultrasound-based measurement system for human motion detection and analysis is dealt with. To this purpose, a number of measurement results in the form of spectrograms have been reported and discussed. They have been achieved by using a suitably-designed mechanical system emulating some specific human body movements. Hough transform has been applied to spectrograms, and the obtained results have been compared to the theoretical trajectories. Results of these comparisons show a good agreement between theoretical trajectories and measures, as well as between measures and Hough transform outcomes. This proves that the measurement system is actually efficient for human motion detection and analysis.
{"title":"Experimental validation of an ultrasound-based measurement system for human motion detection and analysis","authors":"R. Ricci, A. Sona","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555428","url":null,"abstract":"Human motion analysis is nowadays an appealing task of increasing interest in several application fields, like medicine and security. Many applications cover gait analysis, disaster recovery, telemetry, and surveillance. In this paper, the characterization of an ultrasound-based measurement system for human motion detection and analysis is dealt with. To this purpose, a number of measurement results in the form of spectrograms have been reported and discussed. They have been achieved by using a suitably-designed mechanical system emulating some specific human body movements. Hough transform has been applied to spectrograms, and the obtained results have been compared to the theoretical trajectories. Results of these comparisons show a good agreement between theoretical trajectories and measures, as well as between measures and Hough transform outcomes. This proves that the measurement system is actually efficient for human motion detection and analysis.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"87 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555420
P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, E. Sisinni, A. Depari, M. Rizzi, R. Exel, T. Sauter
The paper deals with a new test bench for the assessment of time-related performance of wireless systems implementing the IEEE 802.15.4 with the Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) physical layer. The test bench has been designed in order to clearly evaluate the timestamping capabilities of an FPGA-based implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 CSS. The key features are the full bandwidth capability and the extreme flexibility thanks to the FPGA hardware which is completely programmable. The Synchronous Ethernet embedded in the test nodes guarantees the easy synchronization of device clocks through a wired backbone, which allows for estimation of the peak performance of the system under test. A case study is presented regarding a basic implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 CSS; under the experimental conditions, the mean timestamping error of the evaluated system is less than 200 ps.
{"title":"New test bench for evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 CSS timestamping capabilities","authors":"P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, E. Sisinni, A. Depari, M. Rizzi, R. Exel, T. Sauter","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555420","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with a new test bench for the assessment of time-related performance of wireless systems implementing the IEEE 802.15.4 with the Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) physical layer. The test bench has been designed in order to clearly evaluate the timestamping capabilities of an FPGA-based implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 CSS. The key features are the full bandwidth capability and the extreme flexibility thanks to the FPGA hardware which is completely programmable. The Synchronous Ethernet embedded in the test nodes guarantees the easy synchronization of device clocks through a wired backbone, which allows for estimation of the peak performance of the system under test. A case study is presented regarding a basic implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 CSS; under the experimental conditions, the mean timestamping error of the evaluated system is less than 200 ps.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127075927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555536
A. I. Zia, A. Syaifudin, S. Mukhopadhyay, I. Al-Bahadly, P. Yu, C. Gooneratne, J. Kosel, T. Liao
Phthalate esters are known ubiquitous teratogenic and carcinogenic environmental and food pollutants. Their detection and quantification is strictly laboratory based, time consuming, expensive and professionally handled procedure. Presented research work describes a real time non-invasive detection technique for phthalates detection in ethanol, water and drinks. The new type of inter-digital sensor design incorporating multiple sensing gold electrodes were fabricated on silicon substrate based on thin film micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) using semiconductor device fabrication technology. A passivation layer of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) was used to functionalize the sensor. Various concentrations (0.1 to 20ppm) of DINP (di-isononyl phthalates) in ethanol and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in deionized MilliQ water were subjected to the testing system by dip testing method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique was used to obtain impedance spectra in order to determine sample conductance for evaluation of its dielectric properties. The impedance spectra so obtained showed that the sensor was able to detect the presence of phthalates in the samples distinctively. Electrochemical Spectrum Analyser was used to model the experimentally obtained impedance spectra by curve fitting technique to figure out Constant Phase Element (CPE) equivalent circuit. Locally available energy drink and juice was added with phthalates in concentrations of 2, 6 and 10ppm to observe the performance of the sensor in such products. Experimental results showed that the new sensor was able to detect different concentrations of phthalates in energy drinks.
{"title":"MEMS based impedimetric sensing of phthalates","authors":"A. I. Zia, A. Syaifudin, S. Mukhopadhyay, I. Al-Bahadly, P. Yu, C. Gooneratne, J. Kosel, T. Liao","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555536","url":null,"abstract":"Phthalate esters are known ubiquitous teratogenic and carcinogenic environmental and food pollutants. Their detection and quantification is strictly laboratory based, time consuming, expensive and professionally handled procedure. Presented research work describes a real time non-invasive detection technique for phthalates detection in ethanol, water and drinks. The new type of inter-digital sensor design incorporating multiple sensing gold electrodes were fabricated on silicon substrate based on thin film micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) using semiconductor device fabrication technology. A passivation layer of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) was used to functionalize the sensor. Various concentrations (0.1 to 20ppm) of DINP (di-isononyl phthalates) in ethanol and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in deionized MilliQ water were subjected to the testing system by dip testing method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique was used to obtain impedance spectra in order to determine sample conductance for evaluation of its dielectric properties. The impedance spectra so obtained showed that the sensor was able to detect the presence of phthalates in the samples distinctively. Electrochemical Spectrum Analyser was used to model the experimentally obtained impedance spectra by curve fitting technique to figure out Constant Phase Element (CPE) equivalent circuit. Locally available energy drink and juice was added with phthalates in concentrations of 2, 6 and 10ppm to observe the performance of the sensor in such products. Experimental results showed that the new sensor was able to detect different concentrations of phthalates in energy drinks.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127534278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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