Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140111
V. Pozdnyakov, V. Petrov, D.V. Deulin
Taking into account the growth of economic crimes in Russia in recent years, and especially in the field of computer information, the article presents the materials of studying the value orientations of those who commit them. The data obtained on the basis of the “Value Orientations” method by M. Rokeach indicate a statistically significant contrast in the value preferences of the surveyed subjects who committed economic crimes (according to Section VIII of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and crimes in the field of computer information (Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and both in terms of individual priorities for terminal values and for the rank statuses of many diverse instrumental values. It is revealed that there is also the closeness of value profiles in the surveyed contrasting subjects of the crimes, which is primarily due to the characteristics of the defectiveness of their moral and legal consciousness: in particular, when ranking terminal values, “creativity” and “the happiness of others” are in the last places in the hierarchy of value preferences, and among instrumental values, the rank weight of a number of socially significant values — “honesty” , “sensitivity”, “tolerance” — is downgraded. Taking into account the results obtained, as well as data on previously conducted domestic and foreign publications, scientifically significant guidelines for the implementation of prevention and for further research have been substantiated.
考虑到近年来俄罗斯经济犯罪，特别是计算机信息领域经济犯罪的增长，文章提供了研究经济犯罪者价值取向的材料。根据 M. Rokeach 的 "价值取向 "方法获得的数据表明，经济犯罪（根据《俄罗斯联邦刑法典》第 VIII 章）和计算机信息领域犯罪（根据《俄罗斯联邦刑法典》第 28 章）的被调查对象在价值偏好方面存在显著的统计学差异，而且在个人对终极价值的优先考虑和对许多不同工具价值的等级地位方面也是如此。结果表明，在被调查的对比犯罪主体中也存在着价值取向的接近性，这主要是由于他们道德和 法律意识缺陷的特点造成的：特别是在对终极价值进行排序时，"创造性 "和 "他人的幸福 "在价值偏好 等级中处于最后一位，而在工具价值中，一些具有社会意义的价值--"诚实"、"敏感"、"宽容" --的等级权重降低了。根据所获得的结果以及以前在国内外发表的文章数据，为实施预防和进一步研究制定了 具有科学意义的指导方针。
{"title":"Value Orientations of Persons That Commit Economic Crimes and Crimes in the Field of Computer Information","authors":"V. Pozdnyakov, V. Petrov, D.V. Deulin","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140111","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the growth of economic crimes in Russia in recent years, and especially in the field of computer information, the article presents the materials of studying the value orientations of those who commit them. The data obtained on the basis of the “Value Orientations” method by M. Rokeach indicate a statistically significant contrast in the value preferences of the surveyed subjects who committed economic crimes (according to Section VIII of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and crimes in the field of computer information (Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and both in terms of individual priorities for terminal values and for the rank statuses of many diverse instrumental values. It is revealed that there is also the closeness of value profiles in the surveyed contrasting subjects of the crimes, which is primarily due to the characteristics of the defectiveness of their moral and legal consciousness: in particular, when ranking terminal values, “creativity” and “the happiness of others” are in the last places in the hierarchy of value preferences, and among instrumental values, the rank weight of a number of socially significant values — “honesty” , “sensitivity”, “tolerance” — is downgraded. Taking into account the results obtained, as well as data on previously conducted domestic and foreign publications, scientifically significant guidelines for the implementation of prevention and for further research have been substantiated.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140101
O.A. Ananyeva, I. Prusova, S.A. Zakharova
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of existential, epistemic, and relational motivational foundations in the enactment of rape myths. The online study empirically tested a model in which motivational foundations were included as predictors, rape myth acceptance as dependent variables, socio-demographic characteristics (gender, education, and income level) - control variables. A total of 739 Russian residents (381 men and 358 women) aged 18 to 79 years (M=36.8, SD=11.5) participated in the online study. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires to measure need for cognitive closure, belief in a dangerous and competitive world, fear of death, shared reality, and acceptance of rape myths. Structural equation modeling showed that the most significant contribution in the support of the rape myth is made by the need for order (epistemic motivational foundations) and belief in a competitive world (existential motivational foundations). The current research shed light on the main motivational foundations of the rape myth acceptance that might be used in the social programs to reduce tolerance towards violence.
{"title":"Why People Justify Violence: The Role of Motivational Foundations in Rape Myths Acceptance","authors":"O.A. Ananyeva, I. Prusova, S.A. Zakharova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140101","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the role of existential, epistemic, and relational motivational foundations in the enactment of rape myths. The online study empirically tested a model in which motivational foundations were included as predictors, rape myth acceptance as dependent variables, socio-demographic characteristics (gender, education, and income level) - control variables. A total of 739 Russian residents (381 men and 358 women) aged 18 to 79 years (M=36.8, SD=11.5) participated in the online study. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires to measure need for cognitive closure, belief in a dangerous and competitive world, fear of death, shared reality, and acceptance of rape myths. Structural equation modeling showed that the most significant contribution in the support of the rape myth is made by the need for order (epistemic motivational foundations) and belief in a competitive world (existential motivational foundations). The current research shed light on the main motivational foundations of the rape myth acceptance that might be used in the social programs to reduce tolerance towards violence.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140113
I.V. Afanasieva, I.V. Afanasyev, A.A. Pavlenko
The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific and applied potential of the biographical method, and its capabilities in solving a number of methodological and applied problems in the field of psychology and law. Scientific argumentation is based on the use of the key elements of substantive, retrospective, multifactorial, axiological and comparative analysis. An analysis of the phases of personal and social development is presented, each of which determines the composition and nature of the impact on the individual or social relations, depending on the specifics of their basic features in socially sensitive areas. The methodological indicators are identified that are correlates of the scientific and theoretical significance of modern research. The biographical method acts as an independent genre of studying the works of sciences that are significant for these sciences, and as a method of displaying the characteristics of the human factor and social relations. The method is aimed at solving an important methodological problem about the importance of the personality and social relations in the development of science. The applied significance of the method lies in the fact that it acts as an indicator of the quality and as the methodological tools of scientific research in the field of psychology and law.
{"title":"Scientific-Biographical Method in Psychological and Legal Research: from Retrospective and Multivariate Analysis to Methodological Tools for Quality Assessment","authors":"I.V. Afanasieva, I.V. Afanasyev, A.A. Pavlenko","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140113","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific and applied potential of the biographical method, and its capabilities in solving a number of methodological and applied problems in the field of psychology and law. Scientific argumentation is based on the use of the key elements of substantive, retrospective, multifactorial, axiological and comparative analysis. An analysis of the phases of personal and social development is presented, each of which determines the composition and nature of the impact on the individual or social relations, depending on the specifics of their basic features in socially sensitive areas. The methodological indicators are identified that are correlates of the scientific and theoretical significance of modern research. The biographical method acts as an independent genre of studying the works of sciences that are significant for these sciences, and as a method of displaying the characteristics of the human factor and social relations. The method is aimed at solving an important methodological problem about the importance of the personality and social relations in the development of science. The applied significance of the method lies in the fact that it acts as an indicator of the quality and as the methodological tools of scientific research in the field of psychology and law.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140115
V. Bulygina, N.T. Ivashkevich, O.Yu. Rashevskaya, M. M. Pronicheva
The article presents a review of psychophysiological and psychoendocrine approaches in foreign studies of stress response in police officers. The main vectors of psychophysiological response to stress in representatives of dangerous professions are identified. It has been determined that, in combination with the autonomic nervous and immune systems, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis is involved in the formation of an individual response to chronic stress. The main emphasis of foreign works devoted to the study of the psychoendocrine component of the stress response in police officers is to study the influence of the dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol. Modern technologies for recording stress indicators was also being studied. Further study of psychophysiological and psychoendocrine approaches in studies of stress response in police officers from the point of view of their integration seems promising.
{"title":"Psychophysiological and Psychoendocrine Approaches in Foreign Studies of Stress Response in Police Officers","authors":"V. Bulygina, N.T. Ivashkevich, O.Yu. Rashevskaya, M. M. Pronicheva","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140115","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a review of psychophysiological and psychoendocrine approaches in foreign studies of stress response in police officers. The main vectors of psychophysiological response to stress in representatives of dangerous professions are identified. It has been determined that, in combination with the autonomic nervous and immune systems, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis is involved in the formation of an individual response to chronic stress. The main emphasis of foreign works devoted to the study of the psychoendocrine component of the stress response in police officers is to study the influence of the dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol. Modern technologies for recording stress indicators was also being studied. Further study of psychophysiological and psychoendocrine approaches in studies of stress response in police officers from the point of view of their integration seems promising.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"28 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140112
D. Kashirskiy, O.V. Staroseltseva
The purpose of our study was the features of criminal behavior of the accused in the commission of particularly serious crimes in the context of the formation functions of programming and control. The sample consisted of 59 men aged 18—60 years, of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes aimed at a forensic psychiatric examination, the average age was 33.7 years. The methods of neuropsychological examination and psychological analysis of criminal cases were used. Syndrome of defeat of the basal divisions of the frontal lobes, prefrontal syndrome, syndrome of defeat of the medial divisions of the frontal lobes, Postfrontal (premotor) syndrome is most often seen among persons accused of particularly serious crimes. The criminal behavior of the accused in the Commission of particularly serious crimes was characterized by uncritical damage to the basal parts of the frontal lobes. The impulsivity is the main characteristic of the criminal behavior of the accused in especially serious crimes with the defeat of the prefrontal frontal lobe (prefrontal syndrome). Subjects with the defeat of the kinetic (dynamic) factor differed greater rigidity of criminal behavior. The behavior of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes was passive (energy-saving) in violation of the energy factor in the case of damage to the medial parts of the frontal lobes. The obtained results can be used to solve the issues of drawing a portrait of an unknown criminal, as well as in the course of correctional work with persons prone to repeat illegal behavior.
{"title":"Features of Criminal Behavior of the Accused of the Particularly Serious Crime with Violations of Programming, Regulation and Control Functions of Mental Activity (Part 2)","authors":"D. Kashirskiy, O.V. Staroseltseva","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140112","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of our study was the features of criminal behavior of the accused in the commission of particularly serious crimes in the context of the formation functions of programming and control. The sample consisted of 59 men aged 18—60 years, of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes aimed at a forensic psychiatric examination, the average age was 33.7 years. The methods of neuropsychological examination and psychological analysis of criminal cases were used. Syndrome of defeat of the basal divisions of the frontal lobes, prefrontal syndrome, syndrome of defeat of the medial divisions of the frontal lobes, Postfrontal (premotor) syndrome is most often seen among persons accused of particularly serious crimes. The criminal behavior of the accused in the Commission of particularly serious crimes was characterized by uncritical damage to the basal parts of the frontal lobes. The impulsivity is the main characteristic of the criminal behavior of the accused in especially serious crimes with the defeat of the prefrontal frontal lobe (prefrontal syndrome). Subjects with the defeat of the kinetic (dynamic) factor differed greater rigidity of criminal behavior. The behavior of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes was passive (energy-saving) in violation of the energy factor in the case of damage to the medial parts of the frontal lobes. The obtained results can be used to solve the issues of drawing a portrait of an unknown criminal, as well as in the course of correctional work with persons prone to repeat illegal behavior.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140104
E. Boykina, R. Chirkina, D.V. Chumachenko, N.M. Romanova, K. A. Kiselev
The article provides data on the standardization of the methodology “Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)”, which is a modification of the “Need Threat Scale” methodology (I. van Beest, K.D. Williams, 2006). In the Russian version, OTNS-AY is represented by four subscales: the need for belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence. The study involved 2351 people aged 14 to 25 years (M = 18.4 years, SD = 2.59). Distribution of the sample by gender: male 23.9%, female 75.8%. To assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, Cronbach’s Alpha consistency assessment was used, which showed good consistency of all 4 subscales: “belonging” (0.83), “selfesteem” (0.80), “control” (0.84) and “meaningful existence” (0.84). The general model of the four first-level factors and two second-level factors questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good fit to the data: SRMR=0,046; CFI=0,99 RMSEA=0,043. To assess external validity, the questionnaires “Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives, A. Mehrabian (in Russ.)”, “Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (in Russ.)” and “Purpose-in-Life Test by D. Leontiev (in Russ.)” were used. The appendix to the article contains the text of the OTNS-AY (in Russ.) with instructions, key and interpretation.
{"title":"Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)","authors":"E. Boykina, R. Chirkina, D.V. Chumachenko, N.M. Romanova, K. A. Kiselev","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140104","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The article provides data on the standardization of the methodology “Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)”, which is a modification of the “Need Threat Scale” methodology (I. van Beest, K.D. Williams, 2006). In the Russian version, OTNS-AY is represented by four subscales: the need for belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence. The study involved 2351 people aged 14 to 25 years (M = 18.4 years, SD = 2.59). Distribution of the sample by gender: male 23.9%, female 75.8%. To assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, Cronbach’s Alpha consistency assessment was used, which showed good consistency of all 4 subscales: “belonging” (0.83), “selfesteem” (0.80), “control” (0.84) and “meaningful existence” (0.84). The general model of the four first-level factors and two second-level factors questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good fit to the data: SRMR=0,046; CFI=0,99 RMSEA=0,043. To assess external validity, the questionnaires “Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives, A. Mehrabian (in Russ.)”, “Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (in Russ.)” and “Purpose-in-Life Test by D. Leontiev (in Russ.)” were used. The appendix to the article contains the text of the OTNS-AY (in Russ.) with instructions, key and interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140116
O.I. Mironova, L. A. Ruonala
The work is devoted to the study of social and psychological adaptation of women who are married to foreigners. As a result of a theoretical study of the problem, a model of social and psychological adaptation of the social group under the study was firstly formulated and proposed. The model consists of four stages (“honeymoon stage”, stage of accumulation of contradictions, stage of depression, stage of integration), four levels (social level, collective level, personal level, level of close relationships), four types (assimilation, separation, marginalization, integration), four corresponding psychological difficulties (prevailing of the compelled contacts in the structure of communication; women’s expectations regarding interaction with society do not coincide with the expectations of society; ideas about oneself as a migrant before moving do not coincide with real ideas about oneself in the new country; the predominance of external motivation when moving to another country (following the husband), as a consequence — loss of work and familiar surroundings) and clinical manifestations (irritability; frustration, deprivation; depression, somatization; intrapersonal conflict). All of them are interconnected and form a single space of consistent changes in accordance with the tasks of adaptation. A distinctive feature of this model is the emphasis on the dynamic changes in the social and mental sphere of the lives of women-migrants in the process of integration into the host society.
{"title":"Model of Social and Psychological Adaptation of Women Married to Foreigners","authors":"O.I. Mironova, L. A. Ruonala","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140116","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the study of social and psychological adaptation of women who are married to foreigners. As a result of a theoretical study of the problem, a model of social and psychological adaptation of the social group under the study was firstly formulated and proposed. The model consists of four stages (“honeymoon stage”, stage of accumulation of contradictions, stage of depression, stage of integration), four levels (social level, collective level, personal level, level of close relationships), four types (assimilation, separation, marginalization, integration), four corresponding psychological difficulties (prevailing of the compelled contacts in the structure of communication; women’s expectations regarding interaction with society do not coincide with the expectations of society; ideas about oneself as a migrant before moving do not coincide with real ideas about oneself in the new country; the predominance of external motivation when moving to another country (following the husband), as a consequence — loss of work and familiar surroundings) and clinical manifestations (irritability; frustration, deprivation; depression, somatization; intrapersonal conflict). All of them are interconnected and form a single space of consistent changes in accordance with the tasks of adaptation. A distinctive feature of this model is the emphasis on the dynamic changes in the social and mental sphere of the lives of women-migrants in the process of integration into the host society.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"26 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140108
Y. Suslov, S. V. Kulakova, L.V. Levitskaya
The content of the article consists of the results of the theoretical analysis of scientific research, the authors of which focus on the problem of identifying signs of the involvement of law enforcement officers in corruption crimes and the practices of interaction with former law enforcement officers convicted of corruption crimes. The paper identifies groups of causes of corrupt behavior, through the prism of which the specific features of the professional activities of law enforcement officers and, in more detail, employees of the penitentiary system, contributing to such unlawful behavior, are analyzed. It is also noted that there is a similarity of former employees (corrupt criminals) in terms of destructive deviations with former employees of the penitentiary system convicted of common crimes. The authors pay special attention to such a personal quality as empathy. The article substantiates the need to consider empathy in the context of other personality traits as one of the signs indicating the presence of risks of corrupt behavior.
{"title":"The Specific Signs of the Potential Involvement of Employees of the Penitentiary System of the Russian Federation in Corruption-Related Crimes","authors":"Y. Suslov, S. V. Kulakova, L.V. Levitskaya","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140108","url":null,"abstract":"The content of the article consists of the results of the theoretical analysis of scientific research, the authors of which focus on the problem of identifying signs of the involvement of law enforcement officers in corruption crimes and the practices of interaction with former law enforcement officers convicted of corruption crimes. The paper identifies groups of causes of corrupt behavior, through the prism of which the specific features of the professional activities of law enforcement officers and, in more detail, employees of the penitentiary system, contributing to such unlawful behavior, are analyzed. It is also noted that there is a similarity of former employees (corrupt criminals) in terms of destructive deviations with former employees of the penitentiary system convicted of common crimes. The authors pay special attention to such a personal quality as empathy. The article substantiates the need to consider empathy in the context of other personality traits as one of the signs indicating the presence of risks of corrupt behavior.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140107
N. Goncharova, O. A. Zhidkova
В статье обсуждаются особенности эмоционального интеллекта, эмпатии и саморегуляции у сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Цель исследования состояла в определении гендерных и возрастных особенностей данных явлений, структуры их взаимосвязей и влияний. Выборка была представлена сотрудниками полиции Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области общим количеством респондентов 156 человек (мужчины: n = 89; женщины: n = 67). Методы: «Опросник эмоционального интеллекта “ЭмИн”» Д.В. Люсина, «Методика диагностики уровня эмпатических способностей» В.В. Бойко. В результате исследования установлен значимо высокий уровень (при р ≤ 0,05) эмоционального интеллекта у представителей мужской выборки по сравнению с женской, преимущество эмпатических способностей в женской выборке, более высокий уровень эмпатии у представителей младшей группы мужской выборки (18—20 лет). Выявлены особенности взаимосвязей эмоционального интеллекта и эмпатии, обсуждена их роль в эмоциональной саморегуляции. Корреляции, отражающие возможности сознательного эмоционального самоуправления, позволяют прогнозировать стабильность саморегуляции у представителей женской выборки в зависимости от внутренних аспектов, и регуляцию чужих эмоций в зависимости от коммуникативных внешних факторов у представителей группы мужской выборки.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva
D.A. Tukhtaeva, Z. V. Lukovtseva
The relevance of the study is determined by the contradictory ideas about the psychological characteristics of people who experienced sexual violence in childhood or adolescence. The study was exploratory in nature and had no hypothesis. The sample consisted of 40 adults with experience of sexual violence at the specified ages. Interviews, “Traumatic Stress Questionnaire”, “Unfinished Sentences”, "Time Perspective Questionnaire”, “Auto- and Heteroaggression Questionnaire”, “Self-Attitude Research Methodology” were used. The relationships between the values were evaluated according to the scales of the methods (Spearman’s r, p≤0.01). The inconsistency and vulnerability of self-attitude, the severity of depressive and anxious experiences, the psychological alienation of the past, and the negative perception of relationships with parents came to the fore. The emotional-protective role of the mnestic-attentive decrease is determined, the resource features of self-attitude and relationships with others are revealed. The importance of further studies of victims of different gender, age and nosological affiliation, as well as comparing the information obtained with the characteristics of victims who did not seek professional help, is substantiated.
{"title":"Psychological Characteristics of Adults Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence in Childhood or Adolescence","authors":"D.A. Tukhtaeva, Z. V. Lukovtseva","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is determined by the contradictory ideas about the psychological characteristics of people who experienced sexual violence in childhood or adolescence. The study was exploratory in nature and had no hypothesis. The sample consisted of 40 adults with experience of sexual violence at the specified ages. Interviews, “Traumatic Stress Questionnaire”, “Unfinished Sentences”, \"Time Perspective Questionnaire”, “Auto- and Heteroaggression Questionnaire”, “Self-Attitude Research Methodology” were used. The relationships between the values were evaluated according to the scales of the methods (Spearman’s r, p≤0.01). The inconsistency and vulnerability of self-attitude, the severity of depressive and anxious experiences, the psychological alienation of the past, and the negative perception of relationships with parents came to the fore. The emotional-protective role of the mnestic-attentive decrease is determined, the resource features of self-attitude and relationships with others are revealed. The importance of further studies of victims of different gender, age and nosological affiliation, as well as comparing the information obtained with the characteristics of victims who did not seek professional help, is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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