Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1142/s1756973720500043
F. Abdi, H. Baid, N. Moazami, J. Batten, Dade Huang, Amirhossein Eftekharian, R. Hajiha, K. Nikbin
During the 3D printing of graphene platelet inclusion in resin, residual stresses due to thermal loading can cause wrinkle/distortion of final part. This paper presents a multi-scale modeling approach to reduce the residual thermal stress at the interphase between inclusion and resin. Material characterization is performed utilizing an integrated multi-scale modeling approach: (a) nano modeling examines effect of defects such as void shape/size/distribution, platelet orientation, etc.); (b) micro-mechanics examines constituents (platelet/matrix/interphase, residual stress); (c) macro-mechanics examines the delamination and debonding. De-homogenized multi-scale modeling approach provides detailed stiffness/strength to Finite Element Model (FEM) for full structural/thermal progressive failure analysis to address wrinkling/distortion, damage and delamination evolution via cohesive traction separation.
{"title":"Reactive Additive Manufacturing Simulation of Thermoset Nano Graphene Inclusion","authors":"F. Abdi, H. Baid, N. Moazami, J. Batten, Dade Huang, Amirhossein Eftekharian, R. Hajiha, K. Nikbin","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720500043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720500043","url":null,"abstract":"During the 3D printing of graphene platelet inclusion in resin, residual stresses due to thermal loading can cause wrinkle/distortion of final part. This paper presents a multi-scale modeling approach to reduce the residual thermal stress at the interphase between inclusion and resin. Material characterization is performed utilizing an integrated multi-scale modeling approach: (a) nano modeling examines effect of defects such as void shape/size/distribution, platelet orientation, etc.); (b) micro-mechanics examines constituents (platelet/matrix/interphase, residual stress); (c) macro-mechanics examines the delamination and debonding. De-homogenized multi-scale modeling approach provides detailed stiffness/strength to Finite Element Model (FEM) for full structural/thermal progressive failure analysis to address wrinkling/distortion, damage and delamination evolution via cohesive traction separation.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"11 1","pages":"2050004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s1756973720500043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we have studied the concentration profile of Cytosolic calcium ion (Ca[Formula: see text] with the aid of fractional calculus. A mathematical model has been considered to examine the influence of fractional advection diffusion equation (cross flow) for the calcium profile. A closed form solution of the fractional advection diffusion equation, arising in study of diffusion of cytosolic calcium in astocytes cell, has been obtained by using Sumudu transform techniques. Graphs for the calcium concentration profiles have been simulated for certain values of the parameters to examine the various effects on concentrations of Cytosolic calcium ion.
{"title":"Analytical Study for Fractional Order Mathematical Model of Concentration of Ca2+ in Astrocytes Cell with a Composite Fractional Derivative","authors":"Vinod Gill, Yudhveer Singh, Devendra Kumar, Jagdev Singh","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720500055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720500055","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have studied the concentration profile of Cytosolic calcium ion (Ca[Formula: see text] with the aid of fractional calculus. A mathematical model has been considered to examine the influence of fractional advection diffusion equation (cross flow) for the calcium profile. A closed form solution of the fractional advection diffusion equation, arising in study of diffusion of cytosolic calcium in astocytes cell, has been obtained by using Sumudu transform techniques. Graphs for the calcium concentration profiles have been simulated for certain values of the parameters to examine the various effects on concentrations of Cytosolic calcium ion.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"11 1","pages":"2050005"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s1756973720500055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47334080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1142/s1756973720500067
J. A. Lopes, O. Bacarreza, Z. S. Khodaei
This work presents the design and analysis of a thermoplastic composite window frame for integration into a regional aircraft. The main parameters which are investigated include buckling, damage and failure loads of a composite window frame subjected to shear loads repesentative of fuselage skin stress distribution due to flight loads. The attachment of such thermoplastic window frame to a thermoset fuselage skin was investigated including both adhesively bonded interface as well as riveting. Even though the bonded frame did meet the design criteria, its failure was very sudden, and the riveted assembly showed a considerably higher strength and structural integrity. The numerical simulation resulted in failure loads which matched very closely to experimental results.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Composite Window Frame for a Regional Aircraft","authors":"J. A. Lopes, O. Bacarreza, Z. S. Khodaei","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720500067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720500067","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the design and analysis of a thermoplastic composite window frame for integration into a regional aircraft. The main parameters which are investigated include buckling, damage and failure loads of a composite window frame subjected to shear loads repesentative of fuselage skin stress distribution due to flight loads. The attachment of such thermoplastic window frame to a thermoset fuselage skin was investigated including both adhesively bonded interface as well as riveting. Even though the bonded frame did meet the design criteria, its failure was very sudden, and the riveted assembly showed a considerably higher strength and structural integrity. The numerical simulation resulted in failure loads which matched very closely to experimental results.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s1756973720500067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42191180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1142/s1756973720500079
F. Barbe, I. Benedetti, V. Gulizzi, M. Calvat, C. Keller
The refinement of grains in a polycrystalline material leads to an increase in strength but as a counterpart to a decrease in elongation to fracture. Different routes are proposed in the literature to try to overpass this strength-ductility dilemma, based on the combination of grains with highly contrasted sizes. In the simplest concept, coarse grains are used to provide relaxation locations for the highly stressed fine grains. In this work, a model bimodal polycrystalline system with a single coarse grain embedded in a matrix of fine grains is considered. Numerical full-field micro-mechanical analyses are performed to characterize the impact of this coarse grain on the stress-strain constitutive behavior of the polycrystal: the effect on plasticity is assessed by means of crystal plasticity finite element modeling [B. Flipon, C. Keller, L. Garcia de la Cruz, E. Hug and F. Barbe, Tensile properties of spark plasma sintered AISI 316L stainless steel with unimodal and bimodal grain size distributions, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 729 (2018) 248–256] while the effect on intergranular fracture behavior is studied by using boundary element modeling [I. Benedetti and V. Gulizzi, A grain-scale model for high-cycle fatigue degradation in polycrystalline materials, Int. J. Fract. 116 (2018) 90–105]. The analysis of the computational results, compared to the experimentally characterized tensile properties of a bimodal 316L stainless steel, suggests that the elasto-plastic interactions taking place prior to micro-cracking may play an important role in the mechanics of fracture of this steel.
多晶材料中晶粒的细化导致强度的增加，但与断裂伸长率的降低相对应。文献中提出了不同的路线，试图跨越这种强度-延性的困境，基于具有高度对比尺寸的晶粒的组合。在最简单的概念中，粗晶粒用于为高应力细晶粒提供松弛位置。在这项工作中，考虑了一个模型双峰多晶系统，其中单个粗晶粒嵌入细粒基体中。进行数值全场微观力学分析，以表征这种粗晶粒对多晶体应力-应变本构行为的影响：通过晶体塑性有限元建模评估对塑性的影响[B.Flifon，C.Keller，L.Garcia de la Cruz，E.Hug和F。Barbe，具有单峰和双峰晶粒尺寸分布的火花等离子烧结AISI 316L不锈钢的拉伸性能，Mater。科学。Eng.A 729（2018）248–256]，同时通过边界元建模研究了对晶间断裂行为的影响[I.Benedetti和V.Gulizzi，多晶材料高周疲劳退化的晶粒尺度模型，Int.J.Fract.116（2018）90–105]。与实验表征的双峰316L不锈钢拉伸性能相比，计算结果的分析表明，在微裂纹之前发生的弹塑性相互作用可能在该钢的断裂力学中发挥重要作用。
{"title":"Elucidating the Effect of Bimodal Grain Size Distribution on Plasticity and Fracture Behavior of Polycrystalline Materials","authors":"F. Barbe, I. Benedetti, V. Gulizzi, M. Calvat, C. Keller","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720500079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720500079","url":null,"abstract":"The refinement of grains in a polycrystalline material leads to an increase in strength but as a counterpart to a decrease in elongation to fracture. Different routes are proposed in the literature to try to overpass this strength-ductility dilemma, based on the combination of grains with highly contrasted sizes. In the simplest concept, coarse grains are used to provide relaxation locations for the highly stressed fine grains. In this work, a model bimodal polycrystalline system with a single coarse grain embedded in a matrix of fine grains is considered. Numerical full-field micro-mechanical analyses are performed to characterize the impact of this coarse grain on the stress-strain constitutive behavior of the polycrystal: the effect on plasticity is assessed by means of crystal plasticity finite element modeling [B. Flipon, C. Keller, L. Garcia de la Cruz, E. Hug and F. Barbe, Tensile properties of spark plasma sintered AISI 316L stainless steel with unimodal and bimodal grain size distributions, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 729 (2018) 248–256] while the effect on intergranular fracture behavior is studied by using boundary element modeling [I. Benedetti and V. Gulizzi, A grain-scale model for high-cycle fatigue degradation in polycrystalline materials, Int. J. Fract. 116 (2018) 90–105]. The analysis of the computational results, compared to the experimentally characterized tensile properties of a bimodal 316L stainless steel, suggests that the elasto-plastic interactions taking place prior to micro-cracking may play an important role in the mechanics of fracture of this steel.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41999656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1142/s1756973720500018
B. Jha, Devanshi D. Dave
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia prevailing worldwide. It has been found that the higher level of cytosolic calcium leads to the pathological symptoms of AD and the two ...
{"title":"Approximation of Calcium Diffusion in Alzheimeric Cell","authors":"B. Jha, Devanshi D. Dave","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720500018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720500018","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia prevailing worldwide. It has been found that the higher level of cytosolic calcium leads to the pathological symptoms of AD and the two ...","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"11 1","pages":"2050001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s1756973720500018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47215658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1142/s175697372050002x
A. Sur, S. Mondal, M. Kanoria
Modeling and understanding heat transport and temperature variations within biological tissues and body organs are key issues in medical thermal therapeutic applications, such as hyperthermia cance...
模拟和理解生物组织和身体器官内的热传输和温度变化是医学热治疗应用的关键问题，如热疗癌症…
{"title":"Influence of Moving Heat Source on Skin Tissue in the Context of Two-Temperature Caputo–Fabrizio Heat Transport Law","authors":"A. Sur, S. Mondal, M. Kanoria","doi":"10.1142/s175697372050002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s175697372050002x","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling and understanding heat transport and temperature variations within biological tissues and body organs are key issues in medical thermal therapeutic applications, such as hyperthermia cance...","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"11 1","pages":"2050002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s175697372050002x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44922491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1142/s1756973720300014
Dung Nguyen-Trong, Cuong Nguyen-Chinh, Van Duong-Quoc
This paper studies the effect of GGA-PBE, GGA-PBEsol, GGA-PW91, GGA-VWN-BP, LDA-PWC, LDA-VWN parameterized exchange–correlation functionals and Cu impurity concentration on the lattice and electron...
{"title":"Study on the Effect of Doping on Lattice Constant and Electronic Structure of Bulk AuCu by the Density Functional Theory","authors":"Dung Nguyen-Trong, Cuong Nguyen-Chinh, Van Duong-Quoc","doi":"10.1142/s1756973720300014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1756973720300014","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the effect of GGA-PBE, GGA-PBEsol, GGA-PW91, GGA-VWN-BP, LDA-PWC, LDA-VWN parameterized exchange–correlation functionals and Cu impurity concentration on the lattice and electron...","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"11 1","pages":"2030001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/s1756973720300014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48140611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1142/S175697371950001X
A. Kalamkarov, I. Andrianov, G. Starushenko
The effective properties of the fiber-reinforced composite materials with fibers of square cross-section are investigated. The novel formula for the effective coefficient of thermal conductivity refining the classical Maxwell formula (MF) is derived. The methods of asymptotic homogenization, boundary shape perturbation and Schwarz alternating process are applied. It is shown that the principal term of the asymptotic expansion of the refined formula in powers of small size of inclusions coincides with the classical MF. The corrections to the MF are obtained for different values of geometrical and physical properties of the constituents of the composite material. The analytical and numerical analyses are carried out and illustrated graphically. In particular, the derived refined formula and the MF are compared for the limiting values of the geometric dimensions and physical properties of the composite. It is shown that the refined formula is applicable for the inclusions with any conductivity in the entire range of the geometric sizes of inclusions, including the limiting cases of inclusions with zero thermal conductivity and maximally large inclusions.
{"title":"Refinement of the Maxwell Formula for Fiber-Reinforced Composites","authors":"A. Kalamkarov, I. Andrianov, G. Starushenko","doi":"10.1142/S175697371950001X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S175697371950001X","url":null,"abstract":"The effective properties of the fiber-reinforced composite materials with fibers of square cross-section are investigated. The novel formula for the effective coefficient of thermal conductivity refining the classical Maxwell formula (MF) is derived. The methods of asymptotic homogenization, boundary shape perturbation and Schwarz alternating process are applied. It is shown that the principal term of the asymptotic expansion of the refined formula in powers of small size of inclusions coincides with the classical MF. The corrections to the MF are obtained for different values of geometrical and physical properties of the constituents of the composite material. The analytical and numerical analyses are carried out and illustrated graphically. In particular, the derived refined formula and the MF are compared for the limiting values of the geometric dimensions and physical properties of the composite. It is shown that the refined formula is applicable for the inclusions with any conductivity in the entire range of the geometric sizes of inclusions, including the limiting cases of inclusions with zero thermal conductivity and maximally large inclusions.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S175697371950001X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1142/S1756973719500021
M. Shahzamanian, W. Basirun
This study uses the finite element method (FEM) to measure the mechanical properties of microstructure-based cementitious representative volume elements (RVEs) with various water–cement ratios (W/Cs) generated by CEMHYD3D. The finite element boundary condition effects that significantly and computationally change the elastic properties are studied and discussed. Various boundary conditions in ABAQUS are applied and compared with the results obtained using the variational asymptotic method for unit cell homogenization (VAMUCH). This comparison is conducted using ANSYS. This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of different boundary conditions in detail on the prediction of the elastic properties of cementitious RVE with various W/Cs and identify the best approach in this regard. Results show that Young’s, shear, and bulk moduli decrease with the increase in W/C and the boundary conditions in ABAQUS influence the outcomes, particularly on bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio.
{"title":"Modeling of Cementitious Representative Volume Element with Various Water–Cement Ratios","authors":"M. Shahzamanian, W. Basirun","doi":"10.1142/S1756973719500021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1756973719500021","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the finite element method (FEM) to measure the mechanical properties of microstructure-based cementitious representative volume elements (RVEs) with various water–cement ratios (W/Cs) generated by CEMHYD3D. The finite element boundary condition effects that significantly and computationally change the elastic properties are studied and discussed. Various boundary conditions in ABAQUS are applied and compared with the results obtained using the variational asymptotic method for unit cell homogenization (VAMUCH). This comparison is conducted using ANSYS. This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of different boundary conditions in detail on the prediction of the elastic properties of cementitious RVE with various W/Cs and identify the best approach in this regard. Results show that Young’s, shear, and bulk moduli decrease with the increase in W/C and the boundary conditions in ABAQUS influence the outcomes, particularly on bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S1756973719500021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41896943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1142/S1756973719300016
A. Khorshidi
Some accelerator technologies are already used for commercial [Formula: see text]Mo-99mTc production, as the economic criteria are considered representative of the main differences between diverse technologies including accelerators and reactors. This study has provided a review of known and potential [Formula: see text]Mo production using conventional medical facilities. Accelerator-based method in 99mTc production via ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) direct reaction on [Formula: see text]Mo was simulated using 18[Formula: see text]MeV proton beam. Meanwhile, a conceptual design for indirect [Formula: see text]Mo production via [Formula: see text]Mo([Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]Mo and [Formula: see text]Mo(n,[Formula: see text]2n)[Formula: see text]Mo reactions was investigated when an electron source of 35[Formula: see text]MeV by accelerator is used. These indirect reactions were explored via inserted [Formula: see text]Mo samples at different positions inside the lead region. Furthermore, Adiabatic Resonance Crossing (ARC) method based on proton accelerator via transmutation in [Formula: see text]Mo([Formula: see text]Mo was examined when the 30[Formula: see text]MeV proton beam is used. Saturation activity and yield were investigated using alternative proposed methods. The potential proliferation risk associated with accelerator technetium production is minimal. While accelerators could be turned into neutron sources which could in turn be used to irradiate [Formula: see text]U to breed plutonium, and centrifuges used to enrich [Formula: see text]Mo for targets could conceivably be turned to enriching uranium, this would result in very tiny global production capability particularly compared with research or power reactors. The potential of the fresh methods could provide a replacement or complement over current reactor-based supply sources in various radioisotopes production purposes.
{"title":"Accelerator-Based Methods in Radio-Material 99Mo/99mTc Production Alternatives by Monte Carlo Method: The Scientific-Expedient Considerations in Nuclear Medicine","authors":"A. Khorshidi","doi":"10.1142/S1756973719300016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1756973719300016","url":null,"abstract":"Some accelerator technologies are already used for commercial [Formula: see text]Mo-99mTc production, as the economic criteria are considered representative of the main differences between diverse technologies including accelerators and reactors. This study has provided a review of known and potential [Formula: see text]Mo production using conventional medical facilities. Accelerator-based method in 99mTc production via ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) direct reaction on [Formula: see text]Mo was simulated using 18[Formula: see text]MeV proton beam. Meanwhile, a conceptual design for indirect [Formula: see text]Mo production via [Formula: see text]Mo([Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]Mo and [Formula: see text]Mo(n,[Formula: see text]2n)[Formula: see text]Mo reactions was investigated when an electron source of 35[Formula: see text]MeV by accelerator is used. These indirect reactions were explored via inserted [Formula: see text]Mo samples at different positions inside the lead region. Furthermore, Adiabatic Resonance Crossing (ARC) method based on proton accelerator via transmutation in [Formula: see text]Mo([Formula: see text]Mo was examined when the 30[Formula: see text]MeV proton beam is used. Saturation activity and yield were investigated using alternative proposed methods. The potential proliferation risk associated with accelerator technetium production is minimal. While accelerators could be turned into neutron sources which could in turn be used to irradiate [Formula: see text]U to breed plutonium, and centrifuges used to enrich [Formula: see text]Mo for targets could conceivably be turned to enriching uranium, this would result in very tiny global production capability particularly compared with research or power reactors. The potential of the fresh methods could provide a replacement or complement over current reactor-based supply sources in various radioisotopes production purposes.","PeriodicalId":43242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Modelling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S1756973719300016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48205182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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