Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0094
Haider Mukhtar, Snober Fazal
The purpose of this research is to test the innovativeness impact on supply chain (SC) performance by using the mediating effect of SC integration, as well as by taking into account the moderating effect of information system capability in the manufacturing sector of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Punjab Pakistan. The research is based on a survey questionnaire. Non-probability convenience sampling was used, and 251 responses were collected from the SMEs' Owners/CEOs/managers. The findings show that innovativeness has a favorable effect on SC integration, which in turn has a positive effect on SC performance. The findings imply a moderating effect on the link between SC integration and performance. The findings imply that organizations should strive for innovation and SC integration since they contribute to SC performance. The distinctiveness of this study derives from its attention to SC performance is used, which is explored through the mediating effect of SC integration, as well as by taking into account the moderating effect of information system capability in the manufacturing sector of SMEs in South Punjab, Pakistan.
本研究的目的是通过使用供应链整合的中介效应来检验创新对供应链绩效的影响，并考虑信息系统能力在巴基斯坦旁遮普南部中小企业制造业中的调节作用。这项研究是基于问卷调查。采用非概率方便抽样法，从中小企业的业主/ ceo /经理中收集了251份反馈。研究发现，创新能力对供应链整合有正向影响，进而对供应链绩效有正向影响。研究结果表明，SC整合和表现之间的联系存在调节作用。研究结果表明，组织应该努力创新和SC整合，因为它们有助于SC绩效。本研究的独特性源于其对供应链绩效的关注，这是通过供应链整合的中介效应来探索的，同时也考虑了巴基斯坦南旁遮普省中小企业制造业信息系统能力的调节作用。
{"title":"The Impact of Innovativeness on Supply Chain Performance: Mediating Role of Supply Chain Integration","authors":"Haider Mukhtar, Snober Fazal","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0094","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to test the innovativeness impact on supply chain (SC) performance by using the mediating effect of SC integration, as well as by taking into account the moderating effect of information system capability in the manufacturing sector of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Punjab Pakistan. The research is based on a survey questionnaire. Non-probability convenience sampling was used, and 251 responses were collected from the SMEs' Owners/CEOs/managers. The findings show that innovativeness has a favorable effect on SC integration, which in turn has a positive effect on SC performance. The findings imply a moderating effect on the link between SC integration and performance. The findings imply that organizations should strive for innovation and SC integration since they contribute to SC performance. The distinctiveness of this study derives from its attention to SC performance is used, which is explored through the mediating effect of SC integration, as well as by taking into account the moderating effect of information system capability in the manufacturing sector of SMEs in South Punjab, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131773405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0092
F. Bashir, Muhammad Aslam Akhtar
The study focuses on socioeconomic factors motivating labor to become part of labor unions in Pakistan. Various socioeconomic variables were chosen and tested their impact on employees’ decision of joining union. The sample comprises of the respondents working in Pakistan international Airline, State bank and MEPCO. A total of 214 responses were collected through questionnaire via simple random sampling technique. In order to observe the effect of independent variables i.e. income, age, sex, education, marital status, household size and loan are examined on dependent variable i.e. peer family influence, job environment satisfaction, satisfaction with union and financial benefits associated with union. Employing regression tests, it was analyzed that family peer influence is negatively affected by education, household size, loan taken and by age. The results further indicate that job environment satisfaction is positively affected by age. The study also found that satisfaction with union is positively affected by education whereas it is negatively affected by marital status and household size. This research also concluded that financial benefits associated with union is positively affected by salary, education and age whereas it is negatively affected by marital status, household size and loan taken.
{"title":"Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Labor Unions in Pakistan: A case study of Public Sector Organizations","authors":"F. Bashir, Muhammad Aslam Akhtar","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0403.0092","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on socioeconomic factors motivating labor to become part of labor unions in Pakistan. Various socioeconomic variables were chosen and tested their impact on employees’ decision of joining union. The sample comprises of the respondents working in Pakistan international Airline, State bank and MEPCO. A total of 214 responses were collected through questionnaire via simple random sampling technique. In order to observe the effect of independent variables i.e. income, age, sex, education, marital status, household size and loan are examined on dependent variable i.e. peer family influence, job environment satisfaction, satisfaction with union and financial benefits associated with union. Employing regression tests, it was analyzed that family peer influence is negatively affected by education, household size, loan taken and by age. The results further indicate that job environment satisfaction is positively affected by age. The study also found that satisfaction with union is positively affected by education whereas it is negatively affected by marital status and household size. This research also concluded that financial benefits associated with union is positively affected by salary, education and age whereas it is negatively affected by marital status, household size and loan taken.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"62-63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131018459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0088
Wasim Awan, Mahrukh Askari, H. Amin
Emerging trends and economic growth have given managers possibilities while posing challenges to conventional management practices. Managers must develop innovative approaches to coping with these difficulties. They may be able to overcome new obstacles and foster a creative workplace where workers are inspired to come up with fresh ideas with the aid of these new ways of working. Thus, enabling intrapreneurial conduct. This study looks at the characteristics that new ways of working create to drive employees to engage in intrapreneurial conduct, as mediated through social interaction and transformational leadership. Collecting a sample of 300 respondents from the informational technology industry, this study tested a multi-mediation model using PLS-SEM. The study concluded that combined social interaction and transformational leadership partially mediates the relation between new ways of working and employee intrapreneurial behavior. The study also focused on the moderating role of each management level and found that middle-level management foster employee intrapreneurial behavior stronger than first and top level. This study further paves the way for practitioners and researchers by presenting implications and providing future directions.
{"title":"Do Different Levels of Management Impact Employee Intrapreneurial Behavior Independently? A Multi-Mediation Analysis","authors":"Wasim Awan, Mahrukh Askari, H. Amin","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0088","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging trends and economic growth have given managers possibilities while posing challenges to conventional management practices. Managers must develop innovative approaches to coping with these difficulties. They may be able to overcome new obstacles and foster a creative workplace where workers are inspired to come up with fresh ideas with the aid of these new ways of working. Thus, enabling intrapreneurial conduct. This study looks at the characteristics that new ways of working create to drive employees to engage in intrapreneurial conduct, as mediated through social interaction and transformational leadership. Collecting a sample of 300 respondents from the informational technology industry, this study tested a multi-mediation model using PLS-SEM. The study concluded that combined social interaction and transformational leadership partially mediates the relation between new ways of working and employee intrapreneurial behavior. The study also focused on the moderating role of each management level and found that middle-level management foster employee intrapreneurial behavior stronger than first and top level. This study further paves the way for practitioners and researchers by presenting implications and providing future directions.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0089
Ahmad Tisman Pasha, M. Kamran, Seemab Zahra Chishti, Muhammad Hasnain Ali
The research analyzes the mediational impact of creative self-efficacy through which Ecopreneurship impacts the behaviors of employees at work. The discretion behind the research is founded on using Bandura's social learning theory and a mediation model is presented to show the innovative effects of Ecopreneurship on employees’ Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) through the mediation of creative self-efficacy (CSE). The present research focuses on Innovation by developing a model that seeks to investigate the association among Ecopreneurship and Innovation Work Behavior in industrial SMEs of Pakistan for promoting the economic strength of the country. A framework has been developed comprising Creative Self-Efficacy as input. It is believed that unless SMEs emphasize Innovative Work Behavior, it is difficult to compete efficiently and gain higher economic returns. The nature of SME organizations is very dynamic, thus, particularly need to be innovative & creative to lead, nurture and compete in the industry. A questionnaire method has been used to collect the data; the unit of analysis is permanent workers from the industrial setups of SMEs in Pakistan. SPSS and AMOS have been used to analyze the data. The outcomes of the results show that Ecopreneurship stimuli Innovative Work Behavior via the mediation of CSE.
{"title":"Fostering Innovative Work Behaviour in SMEs Exploring Ecopreneurship Perspective","authors":"Ahmad Tisman Pasha, M. Kamran, Seemab Zahra Chishti, Muhammad Hasnain Ali","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0089","url":null,"abstract":"The research analyzes the mediational impact of creative self-efficacy through which Ecopreneurship impacts the behaviors of employees at work. The discretion behind the research is founded on using Bandura's social learning theory and a mediation model is presented to show the innovative effects of Ecopreneurship on employees’ Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) through the mediation of creative self-efficacy (CSE). The present research focuses on Innovation by developing a model that seeks to investigate the association among Ecopreneurship and Innovation Work Behavior in industrial SMEs of Pakistan for promoting the economic strength of the country. A framework has been developed comprising Creative Self-Efficacy as input. It is believed that unless SMEs emphasize Innovative Work Behavior, it is difficult to compete efficiently and gain higher economic returns. The nature of SME organizations is very dynamic, thus, particularly need to be innovative & creative to lead, nurture and compete in the industry. A questionnaire method has been used to collect the data; the unit of analysis is permanent workers from the industrial setups of SMEs in Pakistan. SPSS and AMOS have been used to analyze the data. The outcomes of the results show that Ecopreneurship stimuli Innovative Work Behavior via the mediation of CSE.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131010164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0091
Nadia Hassan, Altaf Hussain, M. Bhatti, T. Ahmad
Higher education is important for the social and economic development of an economy. In the recent past, the higher education sector has developed many folds in Pakistan. However, many aspects of the higher education sector are unexplored and need scientific examination. For example, how far the administrative services which aim to facilitate students and academic staff are efficient? The efficiency of administrative services is vital for the generation of human capital in the form of students with enhanced capabilities. In addition, efficient administrative services lead to efficient academic services leading to the growth of quality research and development in the country. The current study aims to examine the efficiency of administrative services between academia and students. Data is collected through a survey from seven female hostels of International Islamic University (IIU), Islamabad, Pakistan. Efficiency is examined through students’ perceptions about the quality of administrative services being provided. Students’ response reveals their views about administrative services in IIUI. The analysis includes several relevant dimensions of administrative service such as accommodation facilities, social services like sports and health, general aspects like cafeteria and foods, library, and laboratory facilities, etc. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) is used to evaluate the efficiency perception and importance of academic services. Based on the empirical results, the nature of inefficiencies is identified to find possible dimensions for improvements.
{"title":"Perceived Administrative Service Efficiency in Academia: A Case Study of International Islamic University Islamabad","authors":"Nadia Hassan, Altaf Hussain, M. Bhatti, T. Ahmad","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0091","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education is important for the social and economic development of an economy. In the recent past, the higher education sector has developed many folds in Pakistan. However, many aspects of the higher education sector are unexplored and need scientific examination. For example, how far the administrative services which aim to facilitate students and academic staff are efficient? The efficiency of administrative services is vital for the generation of human capital in the form of students with enhanced capabilities. In addition, efficient administrative services lead to efficient academic services leading to the growth of quality research and development in the country. The current study aims to examine the efficiency of administrative services between academia and students. Data is collected through a survey from seven female hostels of International Islamic University (IIU), Islamabad, Pakistan. Efficiency is examined through students’ perceptions about the quality of administrative services being provided. Students’ response reveals their views about administrative services in IIUI. The analysis includes several relevant dimensions of administrative service such as accommodation facilities, social services like sports and health, general aspects like cafeteria and foods, library, and laboratory facilities, etc. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) is used to evaluate the efficiency perception and importance of academic services. Based on the empirical results, the nature of inefficiencies is identified to find possible dimensions for improvements.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132981713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0090
Taj Awan, M. Abid, M. Aslam, Muhammad Mohsin Hafeez, M. S. Akram
Organizations are finding it harder and harder to improve their performance amid fierce competition. Globalization is causing markets to transition from traditional to digital, and as new things are developed, product lifecycles are getting shorter. Organizations don't always grow in the same way. The political, social, and environmental factors make doing business in developing nations very challenging. Business studies courses emphasize the role of staff in overcoming issues like this. Proactive workers look for a company that can adapt to their work and environmental situations. According to this study, individuals' proactive personalities under the effect of perceived organizational support result in affective commitment by job satisfaction. Through a Google form, 221 respondents in managerial positions were randomly selected from manufacturing and service firms. SPSS V.20 was employed for the data analysis. Using the Hayes method, mediation and moderated mediation analysis. The findings indicate a connection between proactive personality and emotional commitment through job satisfaction, and that this connection will become stronger as perceived organizational support increases. Proactive personality with affective commitment are partially mediated. Empirically, all three of the study's hypotheses were confirmed. Managers and practitioners will benefit from this study's decision-making advice.
{"title":"Impact of Proactive Personality on Affective Commitment: Mediation Effect of Job Satisfaction","authors":"Taj Awan, M. Abid, M. Aslam, Muhammad Mohsin Hafeez, M. S. Akram","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0090","url":null,"abstract":"Organizations are finding it harder and harder to improve their performance amid fierce competition. Globalization is causing markets to transition from traditional to digital, and as new things are developed, product lifecycles are getting shorter. Organizations don't always grow in the same way. The political, social, and environmental factors make doing business in developing nations very challenging. Business studies courses emphasize the role of staff in overcoming issues like this. Proactive workers look for a company that can adapt to their work and environmental situations. According to this study, individuals' proactive personalities under the effect of perceived organizational support result in affective commitment by job satisfaction. Through a Google form, 221 respondents in managerial positions were randomly selected from manufacturing and service firms. SPSS V.20 was employed for the data analysis. Using the Hayes method, mediation and moderated mediation analysis. The findings indicate a connection between proactive personality and emotional commitment through job satisfaction, and that this connection will become stronger as perceived organizational support increases. Proactive personality with affective commitment are partially mediated. Empirically, all three of the study's hypotheses were confirmed. Managers and practitioners will benefit from this study's decision-making advice.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126697232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The act of bullying in Higher Education Institutes HEI,s is considered a neglected topic. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of employee voice, innovate climate, workplace bullying on turnover intentions. Organizational justice was deemed to be a mediator while organizational climate a moderator. Data was collected from the employees of top universities of southern Punjab with a usable sample size of 289 respondents, both male and female. An online questionnaire by adopting simple random sampling was developed in consultation with experts to cover the objectives of the study. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS and Smart PLS. The results attained from the study revealed workplace bullying and innovative climate as major driving forces of turn-over intention. Moreover, perceived organizational justice does not mediate the relationship between workplace bullying, innovative climate, employee voice and turn-over Intention. While organizational climate significantly moderate between organizational justice and turn over intentions. Finally, the current study provides practical insights for practitioners, academic researchers as well as Higher Institutions to help reduce turnover due to bullying and increase a better diverse and effective environment in HEI’s of southern Punjab.
{"title":"Insights from Theory of Reason Action to Determine the Faculty Turn-Over Intentions in HEI’s of Southern Punjab: Mediating and Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Justice and Organizational Climate","authors":"Rana Muhammad Shahid Yaqub, Aneeta Rehman, Shakeela Kausar, Zakariya Hassan Qurreshi","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0085","url":null,"abstract":"The act of bullying in Higher Education Institutes HEI,s is considered a neglected topic. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of employee voice, innovate climate, workplace bullying on turnover intentions. Organizational justice was deemed to be a mediator while organizational climate a moderator. Data was collected from the employees of top universities of southern Punjab with a usable sample size of 289 respondents, both male and female. An online questionnaire by adopting simple random sampling was developed in consultation with experts to cover the objectives of the study. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS and Smart PLS. The results attained from the study revealed workplace bullying and innovative climate as major driving forces of turn-over intention. Moreover, perceived organizational justice does not mediate the relationship between workplace bullying, innovative climate, employee voice and turn-over Intention. While organizational climate significantly moderate between organizational justice and turn over intentions. Finally, the current study provides practical insights for practitioners, academic researchers as well as Higher Institutions to help reduce turnover due to bullying and increase a better diverse and effective environment in HEI’s of southern Punjab.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132590275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0086
Sadia Mahwish, Atif Nawaz
Employment, gender equality, and women's empowerment can boost tourism's sustainability. The tourism business is dominated by women, but it still has a lot of serious imbalances. To identify solutions, it's important to study women's empowerment research. This article examines how academic research addresses women's empowerment in tourism. Systematic review of papers on empowerment of women in tourism published in google scholar and science direct was employed to attain this purpose. Despite an increase in publications about empowerment of women in tourism from one year to the next, the study shows that there are still very few studies on this issue, and that these studies have only lately been related to the family. The study demonstrates that few journals and authors focus on women's empowerment in tourism.
{"title":"Tourism and Women Empowerment in Developing Economies: Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Sadia Mahwish, Atif Nawaz","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0086","url":null,"abstract":"Employment, gender equality, and women's empowerment can boost tourism's sustainability. The tourism business is dominated by women, but it still has a lot of serious imbalances. To identify solutions, it's important to study women's empowerment research. This article examines how academic research addresses women's empowerment in tourism. Systematic review of papers on empowerment of women in tourism published in google scholar and science direct was employed to attain this purpose. Despite an increase in publications about empowerment of women in tourism from one year to the next, the study shows that there are still very few studies on this issue, and that these studies have only lately been related to the family. The study demonstrates that few journals and authors focus on women's empowerment in tourism.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121540398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0087
Muhammad Bilal Ijaz, Awais Javeed, Sahar Afshan
The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of board characteristics, firm level factors and political connections on cost of capital. The sample of study comprises of 175 non-financial companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2021. Fixed effect model is used for analysis of data. The findings revealed that Increasing board independence and leverage has a negative influence on the cost of capital. Whereas, Board size, Audit committee size impact the cost of capital positively. The study resolute that the cost of capital is not influenced by political connections, firm size, or institutional ownership. The research identified that there was a decline in the cost of capital, along with an increase in board independence and leverage. In addition, the cost of capital is unaffected by political connections, the size of firms and institutional shareholdings. In contrast, the cost of capital grew due to an increase in the size of the Board and the Audit Committee. The study suggests that In Pakistan non-financial firm’s maximum family own business and very low focus on management and foreign owners. Alternative prospective of managerial and foreign ownership firms should minimized the agency problems as family ownership. And for the best improvement of corporate governance board of directors should bring a transparency, accountability and fairness financial reporting.
{"title":"Impact of Board Characteristics, Firm Level Factors and Political Connections on Cost of Capital: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Bilal Ijaz, Awais Javeed, Sahar Afshan","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0087","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of board characteristics, firm level factors and political connections on cost of capital. The sample of study comprises of 175 non-financial companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2021. Fixed effect model is used for analysis of data. The findings revealed that Increasing board independence and leverage has a negative influence on the cost of capital. Whereas, Board size, Audit committee size impact the cost of capital positively. The study resolute that the cost of capital is not influenced by political connections, firm size, or institutional ownership. The research identified that there was a decline in the cost of capital, along with an increase in board independence and leverage. In addition, the cost of capital is unaffected by political connections, the size of firms and institutional shareholdings. In contrast, the cost of capital grew due to an increase in the size of the Board and the Audit Committee. The study suggests that In Pakistan non-financial firm’s maximum family own business and very low focus on management and foreign owners. Alternative prospective of managerial and foreign ownership firms should minimized the agency problems as family ownership. And for the best improvement of corporate governance board of directors should bring a transparency, accountability and fairness financial reporting. ","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131398224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0080
J. Iqbal, F. Bashir, Rashid Ahmad, Hina Arshad
The paper reconnoiters if logistic regression (LR) and neural network (NN) can estimate bankruptcy for PSX non-financial companies a year ahead of bankruptcy occurrence; particularly it endeavors to explore how exact LR and NN models are? Financial ratios were utilized forecast the bankruptcy in firms. Empirical results demonstrated that both models have capability to predict the event of bankruptcy with NN outperforming LR model. Although both models possess capability to predict bankruptcy, current research demonstrated that use of neural networks (NN) enhances the precision of prediction by being a superior approach over logistic regression method (this is based on accuracy level achieved earlier by NN over LR). These results will cover the literature gap existent in bankruptcy research in Pakistan especially about NN estimation model, proposing an advanced forecasting with precision as proven through figure 4.1.
{"title":"Predicting Bankruptcy through Neural Network: Case of PSX Listed Companies","authors":"J. Iqbal, F. Bashir, Rashid Ahmad, Hina Arshad","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0080","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reconnoiters if logistic regression (LR) and neural network (NN) can estimate bankruptcy for PSX non-financial companies a year ahead of bankruptcy occurrence; particularly it endeavors to explore how exact LR and NN models are? Financial ratios were utilized forecast the bankruptcy in firms. Empirical results demonstrated that both models have capability to predict the event of bankruptcy with NN outperforming LR model. Although both models possess capability to predict bankruptcy, current research demonstrated that use of neural networks (NN) enhances the precision of prediction by being a superior approach over logistic regression method (this is based on accuracy level achieved earlier by NN over LR). These results will cover the literature gap existent in bankruptcy research in Pakistan especially about NN estimation model, proposing an advanced forecasting with precision as proven through figure 4.1.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131121387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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