Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0073
Muhammad Rahies Khan, Mutasim Tufail Billah, Mubashir Ali Khan, Muhammad Shakeel
Achieving equilibrium between environmental sustainability and economic growth remains a challenge for business concerns across the globe. Developed countries have achieved this balance through re-designing and re-engineering their business operations to eco-friendly processes to some extent but developing countries are still in the transit phase. As this study incorporated an adapted questionnaire hence, this needs to examine the reliability and validity of the constructs. This study was conducted to measure the reliability and validity of the instrument designed to evaluate the role of institutional pressures in implementing green supply chain management practices and their impact on environmental sustainability through the moderating role of green marketing and mediating role of customer green purchase intention among manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed among employees of manufacturing companies and customers of green products. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 162 valid responses were received which were used for this pilot test. The initial content and face validity of the survey questionnaire were obtained from subject and field experts. However, the results of this pilot showed that all the constructs met the reliability and validity threshold and the instrument is valid to measure the theoretical model proposed for the study. The study suggested that easy access to credit should be given to augment economic growth.
{"title":"Reinforcing Environmental Sustainability through Institutional Pressures, Green Supply Chain, and Customer Intention among Pakistani Manufacturing Firms A-Pilot Test","authors":"Muhammad Rahies Khan, Mutasim Tufail Billah, Mubashir Ali Khan, Muhammad Shakeel","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0073","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving equilibrium between environmental sustainability and economic growth remains a challenge for business concerns across the globe. Developed countries have achieved this balance through re-designing and re-engineering their business operations to eco-friendly processes to some extent but developing countries are still in the transit phase. As this study incorporated an adapted questionnaire hence, this needs to examine the reliability and validity of the constructs. This study was conducted to measure the reliability and validity of the instrument designed to evaluate the role of institutional pressures in implementing green supply chain management practices and their impact on environmental sustainability through the moderating role of green marketing and mediating role of customer green purchase intention among manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed among employees of manufacturing companies and customers of green products. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 162 valid responses were received which were used for this pilot test. The initial content and face validity of the survey questionnaire were obtained from subject and field experts. However, the results of this pilot showed that all the constructs met the reliability and validity threshold and the instrument is valid to measure the theoretical model proposed for the study. The study suggested that easy access to credit should be given to augment economic growth.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128844403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0072
Syed Muhammad Abdul Rehman Shah, S. Kazmi, Syeda Sadia Bokhari, Muhammad Samiullah Samiullah
The current financial crises once again highlighted the importance of financial sector. Credit availability to firms improves the productivity and encourages private investment both through aggregated demand and aggregated supply. Accumulation of capital and its optimal utilization is important for sustainable growth of an economy. The objective of the current study is to find the effect of financial development on economic growth. The study utilized the restricted cointegration analysis to quantify the long run association between the financial development and economic growth. The result indicates that credit, GDP growth and private investment are cointegrated and in addition, credit trigger economic growth in long run via direct and indirect channel. The study suggested that easy access to credit should be given to augment economic growth.
{"title":"A Restricted Co-integration Analysis of Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Syed Muhammad Abdul Rehman Shah, S. Kazmi, Syeda Sadia Bokhari, Muhammad Samiullah Samiullah","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0072","url":null,"abstract":"The current financial crises once again highlighted the importance of financial sector. Credit availability to firms improves the productivity and encourages private investment both through aggregated demand and aggregated supply. Accumulation of capital and its optimal utilization is important for sustainable growth of an economy. The objective of the current study is to find the effect of financial development on economic growth. The study utilized the restricted cointegration analysis to quantify the long run association between the financial development and economic growth. The result indicates that credit, GDP growth and private investment are cointegrated and in addition, credit trigger economic growth in long run via direct and indirect channel. The study suggested that easy access to credit should be given to augment economic growth.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121233522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0071
Nida Arshad, Fareeha Waseem, Syeda Fizza Abbas
The study purpose is to investigate the variables that significantly affect dividend payout ratio of dividend paying firms listed on KSE-100 index. This research uses a purposive sampling method where criteria is set to select a sample. Secondary data is collected from non-financial companies using annual financial reports from Pakistan Stock Exchange through the official KSE data portal for examining panel data models using pooled OLS regression. The results showed profitability, firm’s debt and sales growth positively significantly and asset growth, retained earnings to total equity and liquidity negatively significantly affected dividend payout ratio. This research report adds to the existing literature on dividend policy by utilizing the life cycle measure by segregating it with financial performance measure that has not yet done in the Pakistan as a developing market. Results prefer companies to focus on high liquidity, growth in net assets and RETE (life cycle) and management to use profit in the proper way and utilize assets optimally to increase dividend payout. Investors consider ROA to expect high return on dividend. It is suggested that firms pay dividends when there is a chance of decreasing profits and growth rates in future in order to attract more investors and to illustrate better company’s performance in the market for increasing growth opportunities and pay maximum dividends.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Dividend Payout Ratio of Dividend Paying Firms Listed on KSE-100 Index","authors":"Nida Arshad, Fareeha Waseem, Syeda Fizza Abbas","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0071","url":null,"abstract":"The study purpose is to investigate the variables that significantly affect dividend payout ratio of dividend paying firms listed on KSE-100 index. This research uses a purposive sampling method where criteria is set to select a sample. Secondary data is collected from non-financial companies using annual financial reports from Pakistan Stock Exchange through the official KSE data portal for examining panel data models using pooled OLS regression. The results showed profitability, firm’s debt and sales growth positively significantly and asset growth, retained earnings to total equity and liquidity negatively significantly affected dividend payout ratio. This research report adds to the existing literature on dividend policy by utilizing the life cycle measure by segregating it with financial performance measure that has not yet done in the Pakistan as a developing market. Results prefer companies to focus on high liquidity, growth in net assets and RETE (life cycle) and management to use profit in the proper way and utilize assets optimally to increase dividend payout. Investors consider ROA to expect high return on dividend. It is suggested that firms pay dividends when there is a chance of decreasing profits and growth rates in future in order to attract more investors and to illustrate better company’s performance in the market for increasing growth opportunities and pay maximum dividends.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123397679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0070
A. Khan, Asifa Jahangir, W. Hameed, Jawad Iqbal
The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between effective management and the organizational performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It is a fact that in modern times, the performance of SMEs is critical to improving because these entities have a great contribution to the economy of Pakistan. The earlier studies have highlighted the management crisis in organizational performance. In this regard, the study is based on the cross-sectional data collection on the Likert scale questionnaire. The study highlights that there is a critical role for goal setting, a sense of ownership, and teamwork in effective management to improve the performance of SMEs. This study is significant because it provides both theoretical and practical implications that are important to consider when it comes to the performance of SMEs. The implications of this study would be useful for management to ensure effective practices to improve the performance of the organization.
{"title":"Effective Management: A Catalyst for Organizational Performance","authors":"A. Khan, Asifa Jahangir, W. Hameed, Jawad Iqbal","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0070","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between effective management and the organizational performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It is a fact that in modern times, the performance of SMEs is critical to improving because these entities have a great contribution to the economy of Pakistan. The earlier studies have highlighted the management crisis in organizational performance. In this regard, the study is based on the cross-sectional data collection on the Likert scale questionnaire. The study highlights that there is a critical role for goal setting, a sense of ownership, and teamwork in effective management to improve the performance of SMEs. This study is significant because it provides both theoretical and practical implications that are important to consider when it comes to the performance of SMEs. The implications of this study would be useful for management to ensure effective practices to improve the performance of the organization.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132179890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0069
Muhammad Abu Huraira, Usman Ahmad
Marketing research theorists have concentrated their focus in studying the emblematic meaning consumers attach to certain brands. One such concept is brand personality. The brand personality scale proposed by Aaker is popular tool for the measurement of different product categories however, its application on retailers has been a rarity. Moreover, researchers have also called for adopting a multi-dimensional approach towards the study of brand loyalty which includes loyalty dimensions of both behavioral and attitudinal loyalty in conjunction with the brand personality concept. The specific objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness brand personality in capturing consumers’ loyalty towards a retailer. Stratified random sampling was applied for gathering the data from 120 consumers belonging to the three retailers in UK. The results showed a direct influence of brand personality on dimensions of loyalty. In addition, the three retailers were found to have different brand personality dimensions. The study suggests that managers should work towards building a retail brand personality to influence the loyalty of consumers. The scope of this study can be further widened by investigating ways of building a brand personality for retailers. The results of this study have contributed to the area of retail branding in a way that this research is performed in a different setting.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Brand Personality & Affective Commitment in Capturing Brand Loyalty: A Study of Retailers in UK","authors":"Muhammad Abu Huraira, Usman Ahmad","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0069","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing research theorists have concentrated their focus in studying the emblematic meaning consumers attach to certain brands. One such concept is brand personality. The brand personality scale proposed by Aaker is popular tool for the measurement of different product categories however, its application on retailers has been a rarity. Moreover, researchers have also called for adopting a multi-dimensional approach towards the study of brand loyalty which includes loyalty dimensions of both behavioral and attitudinal loyalty in conjunction with the brand personality concept. The specific objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness brand personality in capturing consumers’ loyalty towards a retailer. Stratified random sampling was applied for gathering the data from 120 consumers belonging to the three retailers in UK. The results showed a direct influence of brand personality on dimensions of loyalty. In addition, the three retailers were found to have different brand personality dimensions. The study suggests that managers should work towards building a retail brand personality to influence the loyalty of consumers. The scope of this study can be further widened by investigating ways of building a brand personality for retailers. The results of this study have contributed to the area of retail branding in a way that this research is performed in a different setting.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123855527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-10DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0068
Rukhsana Rasheed, Mehwish Shahid, Munaza Mukhtar, M. Ishaq
This study was conducted to find the impact of capital structure and liquidity condition on the profitability of pharmaceutical firms listed with Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). The dataset was comprised of eleven years 2010 to 2021. To assess profitability level, to dimensions return on assets (ROA) and gross profit margin (GPM) were used. The capital structure was measured through debt to equity ratio (DER) and debt to total funds (DTF). The liquidity level was measured through current ratio (CR) and acid test ratio (ATR). The OLS regression, fixed and random effect models were used for analysis. The findings proved that high debt to equity ratio significantly and negatively affect the profitability. The liquidity conditions have positive association with profitability of firms. The study suggested that owners and company managers should use optimal value of debt and liquidity conditions for profit maximization and to reduce the cost associated with debt capital.
{"title":"Impact of Capital Structure and Liquidity Conditions on the Profitability of Pharmaceutical Sector of Pakistan","authors":"Rukhsana Rasheed, Mehwish Shahid, Munaza Mukhtar, M. Ishaq","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0068","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to find the impact of capital structure and liquidity condition on the profitability of pharmaceutical firms listed with Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). The dataset was comprised of eleven years 2010 to 2021. To assess profitability level, to dimensions return on assets (ROA) and gross profit margin (GPM) were used. The capital structure was measured through debt to equity ratio (DER) and debt to total funds (DTF). The liquidity level was measured through current ratio (CR) and acid test ratio (ATR). The OLS regression, fixed and random effect models were used for analysis. The findings proved that high debt to equity ratio significantly and negatively affect the profitability. The liquidity conditions have positive association with profitability of firms. The study suggested that owners and company managers should use optimal value of debt and liquidity conditions for profit maximization and to reduce the cost associated with debt capital.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114294913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0065
Ismat Nasim, F. Bashir, Maleeka-Tul- Zahra, Altaf Hussain
This paper contains a new human capital paradigm that measures Pakistan's economic development and human capital formation. The aim of this paper is to empirically estimate the impact of economic growth on human capital formation in Pakistan. Human capital is used as the dependent variable with govt. expenditures on secondary education, expenditures on tertiary education, current health expenditure and GROSS fixed capital formation as the independent variables. Data is taken from WDI and the P.W.T (10) for the period of 1990-2020. This study is based on time series analysis. In this study ADF unit root and ARDL techniques are used to analyze. gross fixed capital formation, tertiary education and health expenditures are necessary tools for human capital. Tertiary education enhances the productivity of individuals in Pakistan. Findings of this analysis argued that Pakistan has paid much attention to the quality of tertiary education and on current health expenditures and also try to the improvement of the net investment. It will be beneficial for the entire country.
{"title":"Secondary & Tertiary Education, Health, Investment and Human Capital in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis","authors":"Ismat Nasim, F. Bashir, Maleeka-Tul- Zahra, Altaf Hussain","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0065","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contains a new human capital paradigm that measures Pakistan's economic development and human capital formation. The aim of this paper is to empirically estimate the impact of economic growth on human capital formation in Pakistan. Human capital is used as the dependent variable with govt. expenditures on secondary education, expenditures on tertiary education, current health expenditure and GROSS fixed capital formation as the independent variables. Data is taken from WDI and the P.W.T (10) for the period of 1990-2020. This study is based on time series analysis. In this study ADF unit root and ARDL techniques are used to analyze. gross fixed capital formation, tertiary education and health expenditures are necessary tools for human capital. Tertiary education enhances the productivity of individuals in Pakistan. Findings of this analysis argued that Pakistan has paid much attention to the quality of tertiary education and on current health expenditures and also try to the improvement of the net investment. It will be beneficial for the entire country.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121448358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0066
Shahzad Khalil, M. Haq
This study is evaluating the customer-based retail brand equity by the effect of consumption value and brand experience. Considering Holbrook’s value typology, this study is investigating the value dimensions of efficiency, entertainment, excellence, and aesthetics of retail setup. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of retail value i.e. efficiency, entertainment, excellence, aesthetics on retail brand equity by intervention of brand experience. This study would be applied on sample population who purchase products from various retail supermarket in Karachi and Lahore. This study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) by using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The study revealed that there was a significantly positive impact of efficiency, service, entertainment and aesthetic value on brand experience, but the impact of product excellence on brand experience was insignificant. Similarly, brand experience fully mediated the relationships of efficiency, service, entertainment and aesthetic value with retail brand equity but brand experience didn’t mediated between product excellence and retail brand equity. Although, there was a positively direct relationship between product excellence and retail brand equity. This study gives very important suggestions to retail marketing strategists in order to give customers memorable retail brand experience and creating retail brand equity.
{"title":"Enhancing Retail Brand Equity through Consumption Value: The mediating effect of brand experience.","authors":"Shahzad Khalil, M. Haq","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0066","url":null,"abstract":"This study is evaluating the customer-based retail brand equity by the effect of consumption value and brand experience. Considering Holbrook’s value typology, this study is investigating the value dimensions of efficiency, entertainment, excellence, and aesthetics of retail setup. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of retail value i.e. efficiency, entertainment, excellence, aesthetics on retail brand equity by intervention of brand experience. This study would be applied on sample population who purchase products from various retail supermarket in Karachi and Lahore. This study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) by using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The study revealed that there was a significantly positive impact of efficiency, service, entertainment and aesthetic value on brand experience, but the impact of product excellence on brand experience was insignificant. Similarly, brand experience fully mediated the relationships of efficiency, service, entertainment and aesthetic value with retail brand equity but brand experience didn’t mediated between product excellence and retail brand equity. Although, there was a positively direct relationship between product excellence and retail brand equity. This study gives very important suggestions to retail marketing strategists in order to give customers memorable retail brand experience and creating retail brand equity.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129044124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0067
Z. Batool, M. Haroon, Sajjad Ali, Rashid Ahmad
Over the last several decades, the amount of international migration has increased dramatically, resulting in enormous cash flows to labour-exporting nations. The importance of remittances in sustaining families in poor nations has been well acknowledged by many researchers but at the same time a well-functioning banking system has been deemed important to increase migrant transfers by lowering prices and improving service availability. Therefore, this study attempts to analyse the role of financial sector development in enhancing the effect of remittances in spurring economic growth. This study uses time series data for the period of 198-2020 to delve into the nexus. Using ARDL approach, this study finds the complementary role of remittances and financial sector in both long run and short run.
{"title":"Remittances and Economic Growth: Exploring the Role of Financial Development","authors":"Z. Batool, M. Haroon, Sajjad Ali, Rashid Ahmad","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0067","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last several decades, the amount of international migration has increased dramatically, resulting in enormous cash flows to labour-exporting nations. The importance of remittances in sustaining families in poor nations has been well acknowledged by many researchers but at the same time a well-functioning banking system has been deemed important to increase migrant transfers by lowering prices and improving service availability. Therefore, this study attempts to analyse the role of financial sector development in enhancing the effect of remittances in spurring economic growth. This study uses time series data for the period of 198-2020 to delve into the nexus. Using ARDL approach, this study finds the complementary role of remittances and financial sector in both long run and short run. ","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131648250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-28DOI: 10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0063
Rukhsana Rasheed, M. Ishaq, M. Malik
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of macroeconomic variables i.e., stock market performance and exchange rate fluctuations on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Pakistan. The required data was collected for the period of 1996 to 2020 from the World Bank and State Bank of Pakistan. In data analysis, the unit-root tests were performed to decide whether a time-series is stationary or not. An ARDL is constructed to achieve the results of this study. The results of this study provided the evidences that stock market performance and trade openness have positively and significantly linked with FDI. Whereas real GDP growth rate and exchange rates have negative effects on FDI. It is recommended that the trade policies should be devised in such a manner that these policies should promote exports. Furthermore, policies that ensure stable stock market performance could be an important factor for bringing FDI to Pakistan. However, FDI seems to be ineffective from the changes in the rate of inflation.
{"title":"Role of Stock Market Performance and Exchange Rate Volatility in the Inflow of Foreign Direct Investment: An Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Rukhsana Rasheed, M. Ishaq, M. Malik","doi":"10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0401.0063","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of macroeconomic variables i.e., stock market performance and exchange rate fluctuations on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Pakistan. The required data was collected for the period of 1996 to 2020 from the World Bank and State Bank of Pakistan. In data analysis, the unit-root tests were performed to decide whether a time-series is stationary or not. An ARDL is constructed to achieve the results of this study. The results of this study provided the evidences that stock market performance and trade openness have positively and significantly linked with FDI. Whereas real GDP growth rate and exchange rates have negative effects on FDI. It is recommended that the trade policies should be devised in such a manner that these policies should promote exports. Furthermore, policies that ensure stable stock market performance could be an important factor for bringing FDI to Pakistan. However, FDI seems to be ineffective from the changes in the rate of inflation.","PeriodicalId":432891,"journal":{"name":"iRASD Journal of Management","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124936652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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