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12th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2011) and Workshops最新文献

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Planetopus: A system for facilitating collaborative network monitoring Planetopus:一个促进协作网络监测的系统
Weichao Li, W. Fok, Edmond W. W. Chan, Xiapu Luo, R. Chang
Many new methods and tools have been developed to measure the quality of network paths for the last ten years. However, there are relatively few works that consider deploying these methods for collaborative network measurement: a number of measuring points belonging to different autonomous systems collaborate on monitoring and diagnosing their network performance. In this paper, we present Planetopus, a distributed system for facilitating collaborative network monitoring. Planetopus provides a single platform for configuring and scheduling measurement tasks performed on a set of distributed measuring points. Planetopus currently performs measurement mainly using OneProbe and tcptraceroute. Moreover, we introduce two useful facilities for analyzing the measurement data: a new metric for quantifying route changes and a heatmap-based visualization method for discovering patterns and anomalies from a set of path measurements. We demonstrate the utility of Planetopus through several case studies in which poor routes are identified and corrected, different ISPs' network services are compared, and network performance problems are diagnosed.
在过去的十年中,已经开发了许多新的方法和工具来测量网络路径的质量。然而,考虑将这些方法用于协作网络测量的工作相对较少:属于不同自治系统的许多测量点协作监测和诊断其网络性能。在本文中,我们提出了Planetopus,一个促进协同网络监测的分布式系统。Planetopus提供了一个单一的平台,用于配置和调度在一组分布式测量点上执行的测量任务。Planetopus目前主要使用OneProbe和tcptraceroute进行测量。此外,我们还介绍了两种有用的工具来分析测量数据:一种用于量化路线变化的新度量和一种基于热图的可视化方法,用于从一组路径测量中发现模式和异常。我们通过几个案例研究展示了Planetopus的实用性,其中识别和纠正了不良路由,比较了不同isp的网络服务,并诊断了网络性能问题。
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引用次数: 3
Towards a Configuration Management System for hybrid cloud deployments 面向混合云部署的配置管理系统
Silvia Knittl, M. Brenner
Services provided in hybrid cloud deployments are often composed of service parts from various providers. Managing such services effectively requires acquiring and relating configuration information from all participating organizations. This configuration information is usually not only gathered and stored with different tools - different service provider organizations also develop widely differing information models for their Configuration Management Databases (CMDB). As establishing a common, universally accepted, ‘silver bullet’ information model for CMDBs in the near future seems increasingly unrealistic, this paper argues for a pragmatic approach that adopts the ‘Core Components’ concept developed in the context of UN/CEFACT.
混合云部署中提供的服务通常由来自不同提供商的服务部件组成。有效地管理这些服务需要从所有参与组织获取和关联配置信息。这些配置信息通常不仅是用不同的工具收集和存储的——不同的服务提供商组织还为他们的配置管理数据库(CMDB)开发了迥然不同的信息模型。由于在不久的将来为cmdb建立一个通用的、被普遍接受的“银弹”信息模型似乎越来越不现实,本文提出了一种采用在UN/CEFACT背景下开发的“核心组件”概念的务实方法。
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引用次数: 4
Improving the efficiency of collaborative work with trust management 以信任管理提高协同工作效率
Xingyu Zheng, P. Maillé, C. Le, Stephane Morucci
The concept of trust has recently been introduced in the context of peer-to-peer networks, in order to deal with uncertainty regarding the behavior of imperfectly known agents. In this paper, we apply the notion of trust to situations of collaborative work, more precisely of document editing. We suggest to use trust to compute a satisfaction score for each participant, in order to help select the successive editors of the document so as to avoid unnecessary readings by all collaborators after each modification. We assume that the document development process ends when all collaborators are satisfied with the quality of the document. Two mechanisms using trust to improve that process are proposed, and compared to the situation without trust. Extensive simulations suggest that trust can improve the efficiency of the collaborative work, while it can be implemented in a distributed manner.
信任的概念最近被引入到点对点网络中,以处理关于不完全已知代理行为的不确定性。在本文中,我们将信任的概念应用于协作工作的情况,更准确地说,是文档编辑。我们建议使用信任来计算每个参与者的满意度分数,以帮助选择文档的后续编辑,从而避免每次修改后所有合作者不必要的阅读。我们假设当所有合作者都对文档的质量满意时,文档开发过程就结束了。提出了两种利用信任来改进这一过程的机制,并与没有信任的情况进行了比较。大量的仿真表明,信任可以提高协同工作的效率,同时可以以分布式的方式实现。
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引用次数: 2
A P2P-Based self-healing service for network maintenance 基于p2p的自修复服务,用于网络维护
P. A. P. R. Duarte, J. Nobre, L. Granville, L. Tarouco
The introduction of self-* properties over distributed network management infrastructures has been proving to be a feasible approach for the new demands of modern network management. Among the properties of the self-* management vision, self-healing figures as key property in improving the dependability of the managed infrastructures. An interesting possibility to materialize self-* support - and self-healing support as well - in network management is through the employment of peer-to-peer (P2P) management overlays. Considering this scenario, we introduce in this paper a self-healing service provided by a prototype P2P-Based Network Management (P2PBNM) system. Such a service is expected to be contracted by human administrators interested in monitoring and recovering their IT infrastructures. In addition, an experimental evaluation of the self-healing service is performed considering a case study where a Host-based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) needs to be constantly observed and eventually healed to keep the underlying communication network protected.
在分布式网络管理基础设施中引入自属性已被证明是满足现代网络管理新需求的一种可行方法。在自管理愿景的特性中,自修复是提高被管理基础设施可靠性的关键特性。在网络管理中实现自我支持和自我修复支持的一个有趣的可能性是通过使用点对点(P2P)管理覆盖层。考虑到这种情况,本文介绍了一个基于p2p的网络管理(P2PBNM)系统原型提供的自修复服务。希望对监视和恢复其IT基础设施感兴趣的人工管理员签约这种服务。此外,考虑到需要不断观察并最终修复基于主机的入侵检测系统(HIDS)以保护底层通信网络的案例研究,对自修复服务进行了实验评估。
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引用次数: 7
An auditing system for multi-domain IP carrying Service Level Agreements 承载服务水平协议的多域IP审计系统
F. Eyermann, G. Rodosek
Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are well-known from a large variety of business branches. However, despite the increasing importance of the Internet and electronic communication, a fairly low dissemination of IP carrying SLAs is observed. IP carrying SLAs are offered by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) documenting network service levels such as maximum packet loss, maximum packet delay, or availability. Among the reasons for the low dissemination are certainly the difficult monitoring and measurement possibilities in a multi-provider environment. This paper presents an architecture for a multi-domain auditing system, which is able to monitor the fulfillment of service levels documented in SLAs across several domains. With the already proposed MeSA protocol this architecture presents a comprehensive solution. We conclude the paper with a detailed assessment, including simulation results that are based on real trace input data, showing the validity of the overall approach.
服务水平协议(sla)在许多业务分支中都是众所周知的。然而,尽管互联网和电子通信的重要性日益增加,但观察到承载IP的sla的传播相当低。承载IP的sla是由互联网服务提供商(isp)提供的,它们记录了网络服务级别,如最大数据包丢失、最大数据包延迟或可用性。传播率低的原因之一当然是在多提供商环境中难以进行监测和测量。本文提出了一个用于多域审计系统的体系结构,该体系结构能够监视跨多个域的sla中记录的服务级别的实现情况。结合已经提出的MeSA协议,该体系结构提供了一个全面的解决方案。最后,我们对本文进行了详细的评估,包括基于真实跟踪输入数据的仿真结果,显示了整体方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A multiple criteria service composition selection algorithm supporting time-sensitive rules 支持时间敏感规则的多标准服务组合选择算法
Lei Xu, Lei Shi, Runxin Wang, B. Jennings
Constructing composite services by using of services offered by third parties is an attractive and inexpensive way for service brokers and aggregators to enhance differentiation from their competitors. When multiple services provide the same or similar functionalities, selecting those that satisfy users' non-functional requirements is crucial. In many cases, non-functional properties of services are heavily dependent on the activity of the network delivering those services whilst the network activity follows certain time-sensitive rules. We present a service selection algorithm that takes into account time-sensitive variations of non-functional propensities of services to identify a service combination offering the highest quality within a specified time interval.
对于服务代理和聚合器来说,通过使用第三方提供的服务来构建组合服务是一种有吸引力且成本低廉的方式,可以增强与其竞争对手的差异化。当多个服务提供相同或类似的功能时,选择那些满足用户非功能需求的服务是至关重要的。在许多情况下,服务的非功能属性严重依赖于交付这些服务的网络活动,而网络活动遵循某些时间敏感规则。我们提出了一种服务选择算法,该算法考虑了服务的非功能倾向的时间敏感变化,以确定在指定时间间隔内提供最高质量的服务组合。
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引用次数: 3
Discovering anomalous behavior in large networked systems 发现大型网络系统中的异常行为
P. Mullarkey, Mike Johns, S. Rooney
Tools for monitoring the performance and behavior of modern large networks produce an abundance of data, resulting in considerable interest in the ability to bring the most critical facets to the attention of human operators. While the coverage and sophistication of data being collected is expanding greatly to be comprehensive and detailed enough to solve hard problems, methods for analyzing this data tend to be either 1) too simplistic, resulting in too much information for users to process, many of which are false positives, or 2) too computationally intensive to keep up with the volume of data generated by large networks. We introduce a system that seeks a middle ground between these extremes using probability-based thresholding and temporal correlation of targeted, domain-specific network behavior metrics, resulting in fewer, higher-quality, more actionable events presented to users. In this paper we outline the problem area, present some of the mechanisms used, and then share two real examples of using anomaly detection to help large enterprises solve network problems.
用于监控现代大型网络的性能和行为的工具产生了大量的数据,导致人们对将最关键的方面引起人类操作员注意的能力产生了相当大的兴趣。虽然收集的数据的覆盖范围和复杂性正在大大扩展,足以全面和详细地解决难题,但分析这些数据的方法往往过于简单,导致用户需要处理太多的信息,其中许多是误报,或者2)计算量太大,无法跟上大型网络产生的数据量。我们引入了一个系统,该系统使用基于概率的阈值和目标特定领域的网络行为指标的时间相关性来寻求这些极端之间的中间地带,从而为用户提供更少、更高质量、更可操作的事件。在本文中,我们概述了问题领域,介绍了使用的一些机制,然后分享了使用异常检测帮助大型企业解决网络问题的两个真实示例。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the impact of planning long-term contracts on the management of a hybrid IT infrastructure 评估计划长期合同对混合IT基础设施管理的影响
P. D. Maciel, F. Brasileiro, R. Lopes, Marcus Carvalho, M. Mowbray
The cloud computing market has emerged as an alternative for the provisioning of resources on a pay-as-you-go basis. This flexibility potentially allows clients of cloud computing solutions to reduce the total cost of ownership of their Information Technology infrastructures. On the other hand, this market-based model is not the only way to reduce costs. Among other solutions proposed, peer-to-peer (P2P) grid computing has been suggested as a way to enable a simpler economy for the trading of idle resources. In this paper, we consider an IT infrastructure which benefits from both of these strategies. In such a hybrid infrastructure, computing power can be obtained from in-house dedicated resources, from resources acquired from cloud computing providers, and from resources received as donations from a P2P grid. We take a business-driven approach to the problem and try to maximise the profit that can be achieved by running applications in this hybrid infrastructure. The execution of applications yields utility, while costs may be incurred when resources are used to run the applications, or even when they sit idle. We assume that resources made available from cloud computing providers can be either reserved in advance, or bought on-demand. We study the impact that long-term contracts established with the cloud computing providers have on the profit achieved. Anticipating the optimal contracts is not possible due to the many uncertainties in the system, which stem from the prediction error on the workload demand, the lack of guarantees on the quality of service of the P2P grid, and fluctuations in the future prices of on-demand resources. However, we show that the judicious planning of long term contracts can lead to profits close to those given by an optimal contract set. In particular, we model the planning problem as an optimisation problem and show that the planning performed by solving this optimization problem is robust to the inherent uncertainties of the system, producing profits that for some scenarios can be more than double those achieved by following some common rule-of-thumb approaches to choosing reservation contracts.
云计算市场已经成为按现收现付方式提供资源的另一种选择。这种灵活性可能允许云计算解决方案的客户降低其信息技术基础设施的总拥有成本。另一方面,这种以市场为基础的模式并不是降低成本的唯一途径。在提出的其他解决方案中,点对点(P2P)网格计算被认为是一种使闲置资源交易更简单的经济方式。在本文中,我们考虑从这两种策略中获益的IT基础设施。在这样的混合基础设施中,计算能力可以从内部专用资源、从云计算提供商获得的资源以及从P2P网格获得的捐赠资源中获得。我们采用业务驱动的方法来解决这个问题,并尝试通过在这种混合基础设施中运行应用程序来实现利润最大化。应用程序的执行产生效用,而当资源用于运行应用程序时,甚至当它们处于空闲状态时,可能会产生成本。我们假设云计算提供商提供的资源要么可以提前预订,要么可以按需购买。我们研究了与云计算提供商签订的长期合同对实现利润的影响。由于系统中存在许多不确定性,无法预测最优合约,这些不确定性主要来自于对工作负荷需求的预测误差、P2P电网服务质量的缺乏保证以及未来按需资源价格的波动。然而,我们证明了长期合同的明智规划可以导致接近最优合同集的利润。特别是,我们将规划问题建模为一个优化问题,并表明通过解决该优化问题执行的规划对系统固有的不确定性具有鲁棒性,在某些情况下产生的利润可以比遵循一些常见的经验法则来选择预订合同所获得的利润多一倍。
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引用次数: 1
Limiting pre-distribution and clustering users on multicast pre-distribution VoD 组播预分发点播限制预分发和用户聚类
N. Kamiyama, R. Kawahara, Tatsuya Mori, H. Hasegawa
In Video on Demand (VoD) services, the demand for content items greatly changes daily, so reducing the server load at the peak time is an important issue for ISPs to reduce the server cost. To achieve this goal, we proposed to reduce the server load by multicasting popular content items to all users independently of actual requests as well as providing on-demand unicast delivery. In this solution, however, the hit ratio of pre-distributed content items is small, and a large-capacity storage is required at set-top box (STB). We might be able to cope with this problem by limiting the number of pre-distributed content items or clustering users based on the history of viewing. We evaluate the effect of these techniques using actual VoD access log data. We clarify that the required storage capacity at STB can be halved while keeping the effect of server load reduction to about 80% by limiting pre-distributed content items, and user clustering is effective only when the cluster count is about two.
在视频点播(Video on Demand, VoD)业务中,用户对内容的需求每天都有很大的变化,因此如何在高峰时段降低服务器的负载是网络服务提供商降低服务器成本的一个重要问题。为了实现这一目标,我们建议通过独立于实际请求向所有用户广播流行内容项目以及提供按需单播交付来减少服务器负载。但该方案中预分发内容项的命中率较小,且需要机顶盒上的大容量存储。我们可以通过限制预分发内容项的数量或基于浏览历史对用户进行聚类来解决这个问题。我们使用实际的视频点播访问日志数据来评估这些技术的效果。我们明确指出,通过限制预分发的内容项,可以将机顶盒所需的存储容量减半,同时将服务器负载减少到80%左右,并且只有当集群数量约为两个时,用户集群才有效。
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引用次数: 1
UML visualization of YANG models YANG模型的UML可视化
Stefan Wallin
Formal data-models are one of the corner-stones of automatic network management. We need semantic models that can be automatically interpreted by management applications. At the same time, human domain-experts need to be able to understand the models. This dualistic requirement has lead standard organizations to pick modeling approaches that prioritize either humans or automatic software. YANG is a semantically rich data-modeling language. We have defined a mapping of YANG to UML and a tool that renders UML diagrams from YANG models. This enables the benefits of formal languages for defining interfaces and automatically maintained UML diagrams to involve domain experts.
形式化数据模型是自动网络管理的基础之一。我们需要能够被管理应用程序自动解释的语义模型。同时,人类领域专家需要能够理解这些模型。这种二元需求导致标准组织选择优先考虑人工或自动软件的建模方法。YANG是一种语义丰富的数据建模语言。我们已经定义了YANG到UML的映射,以及从YANG模型呈现UML图的工具。这使得定义接口和自动维护UML图的形式化语言的好处能够涉及领域专家。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
12th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2011) and Workshops
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