Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.6
Gabriela Rivarola Montejano
La impulsividad y la toma de riesgos son dos factores de personalidad estrechamente asociados y que han sido relacionados con el consumo de alcohol. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que evalúan de manera longitudinal la relación de estas variables sobre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes latinoamericanos. Esta investigación examinó, atendiendo a las diferencias en función del sexo, el efecto prospectivo de la impulsividad rasgo (Urgencia Positiva, Urgencia Negativa, Falta de Premeditación, Falta de Perseverancia y Búsqueda de Sensaciones) y la toma de riesgos sobre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes argentinos. Participaron 953 estudiantes de 11 a 16 años al inicio del estudio (M edad= 13.31 ± 0.96; 55.2% mujeres) residentes en Córdoba capital (Argentina). Se realizaron dos recogidas de datos separadas por un período de 12 meses. En la primera recolección, los participantes informaron de su consumo de alcohol durante los últimos doce meses, completaron la Prueba de Riesgo Analógico con Globos y respondieron una encuesta sobre impulsividad rasgo (Escala de impulsividad UPPS-P). En la segunda evaluación reportaron su consumo de alcohol durante el último año. En función del consumo de alcohol en los dos tiempos se los clasificó en: Abstemios, Nuevos Bebedores, Bebedores Regulares y Nuevos Abstemios. Los resultados muestran que las distintas dimensiones de la impulsividad (en particular la Búsqueda de Sensaciones), en ambos sexos, y la toma de riesgos, en mujeres, permitieron distinguir entre quienes nunca consumieron alcohol y las restantes modalidades de consumo. Los hallazgos tienen implicancias prácticas para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a adolescentes con elevados niveles de impulsividad y toma de riesgos, atendiendo especialmente a las diferencias en función del sexo. Palabras clave: alcohol; adolescentes; impulsividad; toma de riesgos; diferencias en función del sexo.
{"title":"Impulsividad y toma de riesgos: efecto prospectivo sobre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes argentinos","authors":"Gabriela Rivarola Montejano","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"La impulsividad y la toma de riesgos son dos factores de personalidad estrechamente asociados y que han sido relacionados con el consumo de alcohol. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que evalúan de manera longitudinal la relación de estas variables sobre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes latinoamericanos. Esta investigación examinó, atendiendo a las diferencias en función del sexo, el efecto prospectivo de la impulsividad rasgo (Urgencia Positiva, Urgencia Negativa, Falta de Premeditación, Falta de Perseverancia y Búsqueda de Sensaciones) y la toma de riesgos sobre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes argentinos. Participaron 953 estudiantes de 11 a 16 años al inicio del estudio (M edad= 13.31 ± 0.96; 55.2% mujeres) residentes en Córdoba capital (Argentina). Se realizaron dos recogidas de datos separadas por un período de 12 meses. En la primera recolección, los participantes informaron de su consumo de alcohol durante los últimos doce meses, completaron la Prueba de Riesgo Analógico con Globos y respondieron una encuesta sobre impulsividad rasgo (Escala de impulsividad UPPS-P). En la segunda evaluación reportaron su consumo de alcohol durante el último año. En función del consumo de alcohol en los dos tiempos se los clasificó en: Abstemios, Nuevos Bebedores, Bebedores Regulares y Nuevos Abstemios. Los resultados muestran que las distintas dimensiones de la impulsividad (en particular la Búsqueda de Sensaciones), en ambos sexos, y la toma de riesgos, en mujeres, permitieron distinguir entre quienes nunca consumieron alcohol y las restantes modalidades de consumo. Los hallazgos tienen implicancias prácticas para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a adolescentes con elevados niveles de impulsividad y toma de riesgos, atendiendo especialmente a las diferencias en función del sexo. Palabras clave: alcohol; adolescentes; impulsividad; toma de riesgos; diferencias en función del sexo.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68342880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.4
Virginia Romero-Reignier
Subjective well-being consists of a subjective component (life satisfaction) and an affective component (positive and negative affect). Levels of well-being tend to decline during adolescence, which could have physical and mental health consequences. Multiple factors influence adolescent well-being, such as self-esteem, bullying and cyberbullying, as well as gender. In this paper, we study the relationship between self-esteem, bullying (face-to-face and virtual) and the affective dimension of subjective well-being in adolescence, considering the moderating effect of gender. 797 Spanish adolescents between 14 and 18 years old (54.2% girls; Mage=15.5; SD=.68) participated in the study. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the Positive and Negative Experience Scale (SPANE), and Cyberbullying and Peer Bullying Screening were used. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 24.0, and EQS 6.4 packages. T-test, bivariate correlations and structural equations (SEM) were performed. The results suggest that girls have lower levels of self-esteem (t = 4.10; p < .001) and well-being (t = 2.46; p < .05) than boys, while boys more often report being bullies (t = 2.67; p < .01) and cyberbullies (t = 2.55; p = .01), as well as victims of bullying (t = 2.16; p < .05). The variables that influence adolescents’ affective well-being are self-esteem and bullying victimization. Gender moderates the influence of self-esteem on well-being. For boys, a negative assessment of themselves impacts their negative affection more strongly than girls [χ²(df)= 15.69(3); p < .001]. These results highlight the need to develop effective prevention and intervention programs to promote the well-being of adolescents, taking gender differences into account. Keywords: well-being; self-esteem; bullying; cyberbullying; adolescence; gender.
{"title":"The influence of self-esteem and (cyber) bullying on adolescents’ well-being: a question of gender?","authors":"Virginia Romero-Reignier","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective well-being consists of a subjective component (life satisfaction) and an affective component (positive and negative affect). Levels of well-being tend to decline during adolescence, which could have physical and mental health consequences. Multiple factors influence adolescent well-being, such as self-esteem, bullying and cyberbullying, as well as gender. In this paper, we study the relationship between self-esteem, bullying (face-to-face and virtual) and the affective dimension of subjective well-being in adolescence, considering the moderating effect of gender. 797 Spanish adolescents between 14 and 18 years old (54.2% girls; Mage=15.5; SD=.68) participated in the study. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the Positive and Negative Experience Scale (SPANE), and Cyberbullying and Peer Bullying Screening were used. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 24.0, and EQS 6.4 packages. T-test, bivariate correlations and structural equations (SEM) were performed. The results suggest that girls have lower levels of self-esteem (t = 4.10; p < .001) and well-being (t = 2.46; p < .05) than boys, while boys more often report being bullies (t = 2.67; p < .01) and cyberbullies (t = 2.55; p = .01), as well as victims of bullying (t = 2.16; p < .05). The variables that influence adolescents’ affective well-being are self-esteem and bullying victimization. Gender moderates the influence of self-esteem on well-being. For boys, a negative assessment of themselves impacts their negative affection more strongly than girls [χ²(df)= 15.69(3); p < .001]. These results highlight the need to develop effective prevention and intervention programs to promote the well-being of adolescents, taking gender differences into account. Keywords: well-being; self-esteem; bullying; cyberbullying; adolescence; gender.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.3.1
M. Cabello, C. Olivera, M.C.F. Darraz, Gloria Miryam Mora Guerrero
{"title":"Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) in Chilean adolescents: Factor structure, reliability, validity and sex invariance","authors":"M. Cabello, C. Olivera, M.C.F. Darraz, Gloria Miryam Mora Guerrero","doi":"10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49268211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.2
X. Bornas
Physiological systems need to be flexible in order to adapt to a changing environment. Negative events, however, induce flexibility reductions that seem necessary for coping purposes. To date, studies have measured linear variability and entropy in heart output, but none have examined the scaling properties of the cardiac system when individuals deal with stressful everyday events. This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the complexity of the cardiac dynamics is diminished when individuals face negative events in real life. Cardiac variability (linear) and complexity (nonlinear), as well as discomfort and effectiveness of event-related emotion regulation (EER) were ecologically examined in N = 65 adolescents (Mage = 14.80 years; SDage = 0.86; 55.38% girls). Repeated Measures MANOVAs revealed higher heart rate (HR) and lower cardiac complexity (higher long-term scaling exponent, p = .029; lower Fractal Dimension FD, p = .030; and lower Sample Entropy, p = .001) during EER in comparison with non-emotion regulation conditions (NER). Wilcoxon non-parametric tests revealed higher Hurst exponents (p = .006) in EER than in NER. No significant correlations were found between discomfort and cardiac variables although the higher the cardiac entropy in NER conditions, the greater the self-rated effectiveness of EER (p < .050). EER processes involved increases in HR as well as scaling and FD changes that might reflect the real-time scale’s predominance in HR output when adolescents are dealing with negative events. Keywords: adolescence; emotion regulation; cardiac complexity; heart rate variability; observational descriptive study
{"title":"Diminished complexity of heart rate time series in adolescents facing negative events during everyday life","authors":"X. Bornas","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological systems need to be flexible in order to adapt to a changing environment. Negative events, however, induce flexibility reductions that seem necessary for coping purposes. To date, studies have measured linear variability and entropy in heart output, but none have examined the scaling properties of the cardiac system when individuals deal with stressful everyday events. This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the complexity of the cardiac dynamics is diminished when individuals face negative events in real life. Cardiac variability (linear) and complexity (nonlinear), as well as discomfort and effectiveness of event-related emotion regulation (EER) were ecologically examined in N = 65 adolescents (Mage = 14.80 years; SDage = 0.86; 55.38% girls). Repeated Measures MANOVAs revealed higher heart rate (HR) and lower cardiac complexity (higher long-term scaling exponent, p = .029; lower Fractal Dimension FD, p = .030; and lower Sample Entropy, p = .001) during EER in comparison with non-emotion regulation conditions (NER). Wilcoxon non-parametric tests revealed higher Hurst exponents (p = .006) in EER than in NER. No significant correlations were found between discomfort and cardiac variables although the higher the cardiac entropy in NER conditions, the greater the self-rated effectiveness of EER (p < .050). EER processes involved increases in HR as well as scaling and FD changes that might reflect the real-time scale’s predominance in HR output when adolescents are dealing with negative events. Keywords: adolescence; emotion regulation; cardiac complexity; heart rate variability; observational descriptive study","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68342301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.4
A. Pereira, P. Stallard, M. Roberto, M. Sousa, Luísa Barros
COVID-19 and the subsequent public health response created many additional stresses for families. We examined parental behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in two European Countries and explored the association between parents’ behaviour and children’s anxiety and quality of life. Caregivers of children and adolescents (N = 442; 86.7% mothers) between 6 and 16 years old (M = 10, SD = 2.85) participated in an online cross-sectional survey in Portugal and the United Kingdom. Results show that higher children’s anxiety and lower quality of life were associated with higher levels of unrealistic parental demands, lower parental self-care, and higher parental emotional dysregulation. Encouragement of children’s emotion expression and management of exposure to COVID-19 information was negatively associated with children’s anxiety. Promotion of routines, support of children’s emotion modulation and promotion of children’s healthy lifestyles were positively associated with children’s quality of life. The predictors differed according to country and age group. These results highlight the importance of specific parenting behaviours on children’s mental health during COVID-19. The need to moderate unrealistic demands and attend to parental self-care to reduce parental emotional dysregulation is important. Keywords: Parenting; child’s anxiety; child’s quality of life; COVID-19.
{"title":"Parenting and child mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online study with Portuguese and British Families","authors":"A. Pereira, P. Stallard, M. Roberto, M. Sousa, Luísa Barros","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 and the subsequent public health response created many additional stresses for families. We examined parental behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in two European Countries and explored the association between parents’ behaviour and children’s anxiety and quality of life. Caregivers of children and adolescents (N = 442; 86.7% mothers) between 6 and 16 years old (M = 10, SD = 2.85) participated in an online cross-sectional survey in Portugal and the United Kingdom. Results show that higher children’s anxiety and lower quality of life were associated with higher levels of unrealistic parental demands, lower parental self-care, and higher parental emotional dysregulation. Encouragement of children’s emotion expression and management of exposure to COVID-19 information was negatively associated with children’s anxiety. Promotion of routines, support of children’s emotion modulation and promotion of children’s healthy lifestyles were positively associated with children’s quality of life. The predictors differed according to country and age group. These results highlight the importance of specific parenting behaviours on children’s mental health during COVID-19. The need to moderate unrealistic demands and attend to parental self-care to reduce parental emotional dysregulation is important. Keywords: Parenting; child’s anxiety; child’s quality of life; COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48223212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.8
Estefanía Mónaco
Adolescence is a vital stage susceptible to the development of stress and emotional problems that reduce well-being. The aim of this work was to study the relationship between attachment to mother, father, and peers, considering the mediating role of stress, and controlling the influence of gender and age. We also studied the relationship between stress and emotional problems with scholar and familiar variables. 700 Spanish students (54.1% girls) between 12 and 15 years participated (M = 13.59; SD = 1.07). Academic performance, family structure, parents and peer attachment (IPPA), emotional problems (SDQ) and stress (PSS-4) were assessed. Data were collected cross-sectional and analysed using SPSS 24.0 and PROCESS (model 4). Descriptive analyses, t-tests, bivariate correlations, and three mediation models were performed. Results suggest that girls suffer more stress (t = 4.51; p = .000) and more emotional problems (t = 7.31; p = .000) than boys. Age correlates positively with stress (r = .12; p = .000). Lastly, stress is a mediating variable between attachment (to both parents and peers) and emotional problems. The importance of addressing stress and emotional symptoms management in adolescence is discussed, particularly in adolescents with poorer quality relationships with their parents and peers. Keywords: attachment; stress; emotional problems; adolescence; mediation
{"title":"Parents and peer attachment and their relationship with emotional problems in adolescence: is stress mediating?","authors":"Estefanía Mónaco","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is a vital stage susceptible to the development of stress and emotional problems that reduce well-being. The aim of this work was to study the relationship between attachment to mother, father, and peers, considering the mediating role of stress, and controlling the influence of gender and age. We also studied the relationship between stress and emotional problems with scholar and familiar variables. 700 Spanish students (54.1% girls) between 12 and 15 years participated (M = 13.59; SD = 1.07). Academic performance, family structure, parents and peer attachment (IPPA), emotional problems (SDQ) and stress (PSS-4) were assessed. Data were collected cross-sectional and analysed using SPSS 24.0 and PROCESS (model 4). Descriptive analyses, t-tests, bivariate correlations, and three mediation models were performed. Results suggest that girls suffer more stress (t = 4.51; p = .000) and more emotional problems (t = 7.31; p = .000) than boys. Age correlates positively with stress (r = .12; p = .000). Lastly, stress is a mediating variable between attachment (to both parents and peers) and emotional problems. The importance of addressing stress and emotional symptoms management in adolescence is discussed, particularly in adolescents with poorer quality relationships with their parents and peers. Keywords: attachment; stress; emotional problems; adolescence; mediation","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49622306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.6
J. M. Flujas-Contreras
Las habilidades de regulación emocional y de flexibilidad psicológica pueden tener influencia en la forma en la que los padres interaccionan, manejan o afrontan las dificultades de sus hijos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo valorar los efectos de un programa de intervención para familias en la promoción de habilidades de regulación emocional y flexibilidad psicológica parental mediante un protocolo clínico de parentalidad basado en estrategias de tercera generación. Participaron 9 padres con hijos, con edades entre 1 y 7 años (M = 3.8; DT = 2.03), diagnosticados de Trastorno del Espectro Autista, con una media de edad de 36.11 años (DT = 4.88). El 77% fueron madres. Se siguió un diseño pre-experimental con medidas prepost y seguimiento a los tres meses, sin grupo control. La intervención para el fomento de la flexibilidad psicológica parental y la regulación emocional de los padres tuvo una duración de 8 sesiones de una hora. Los resultados mostraron efectos positivos en la flexibilidad psicológica general y parental, concretamente en un estilo de respuesta abierto y centrado en el presente. Mejoró las puntuaciones de estrés parental y habilidades de regulación emocional en el post y se mantuvieron en el seguimiento. En los hijos se observó una reducción de los problemas de conducta y una mejor conducta prosocial. Los resultados del estudio muestran evidencias de la eficacia preliminar de la intervención familiar mediante terapias contextuales. Palabras clave: parentalidad; flexibilidad psicológica; regulación emocional; familias, serie de casos.
{"title":"Protocolo de intervención en flexibilidad psicológica y regulación emocional con terapia contextual en familias: una serie de casos","authors":"J. M. Flujas-Contreras","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Las habilidades de regulación emocional y de flexibilidad psicológica pueden tener influencia en la forma en la que los padres interaccionan, manejan o afrontan las dificultades de sus hijos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo valorar los efectos de un programa de intervención para familias en la promoción de habilidades de regulación emocional y flexibilidad psicológica parental mediante un protocolo clínico de parentalidad basado en estrategias de tercera generación. Participaron 9 padres con hijos, con edades entre 1 y 7 años (M = 3.8; DT = 2.03), diagnosticados de Trastorno del Espectro Autista, con una media de edad de 36.11 años (DT = 4.88). El 77% fueron madres. Se siguió un diseño pre-experimental con medidas prepost y seguimiento a los tres meses, sin grupo control. La intervención para el fomento de la flexibilidad psicológica parental y la regulación emocional de los padres tuvo una duración de 8 sesiones de una hora. Los resultados mostraron efectos positivos en la flexibilidad psicológica general y parental, concretamente en un estilo de respuesta abierto y centrado en el presente. Mejoró las puntuaciones de estrés parental y habilidades de regulación emocional en el post y se mantuvieron en el seguimiento. En los hijos se observó una reducción de los problemas de conducta y una mejor conducta prosocial. Los resultados del estudio muestran evidencias de la eficacia preliminar de la intervención familiar mediante terapias contextuales. Palabras clave: parentalidad; flexibilidad psicológica; regulación emocional; familias, serie de casos.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68342374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.4
Yesica Aydmune, S. Lipina, M. López-Ramón, I. Introzzi
The aims of this work were: (1) to implement a brief 6 sessions intervention, which combines training activities of Cognitive Inhibition (CI) and Response Inhibition (RI), in a group of schoolchildren aged from 6 to 8 years (M = 6.8, SD = .61; n = 38; 60.5% girls, 39.5% boys); (2) to analyze the effects of the intervention on training tasks performances, on untraining inhibitory tasks (near transfer) and on performance in a FI task (far transfer); and (3) to study individual differences in training effects associated with baseline inhibitory performance. An experimental design, pre-test, post-test and control group (CG), was implemented. The main results indicate an improvement in performance in trained tasks -differences between first and last session: CI training Z = -3.455, p = .001; RI training Z = -3.758, p < .001-, low effects of the intervention on performance in an untrained CI task -experimental group (EG), difference pre/post-test performance: F(1,16) = 3.893, p = .066, np2 = .196- and effects on performance in the FI task -F(1,36) = 6.484, p = .015, np2 = .153. In the first two cases, it was observed that the students with a lower base line inhibitory performance, showed greater profits -CI training, r = -.524, p = .031; RI training, r = -.470, p = .057; untrained CI task, r = .755, p = .001. We discussed the transfer based processing on short interventions and the use of different tasks measurements
本研究的目的是:(1)对一组6 ~ 8岁的小学生(M = 6.8, SD = .61;N = 38;60.5%女生，39.5%男生);(2)分析干预对训练任务绩效、非训练抑制性任务(近迁移)和FI任务(远迁移)绩效的影响;(3)研究与基线抑制表现相关的训练效果的个体差异。实验设计分为前测、后测和对照组(CG)。主要结果表明在训练任务中的表现有所改善-第一次和最后一次训练之间的差异:CI训练Z = -3.455, p = .001;RI训练Z = -3.758, p < 0.001，干预对未训练CI任务实验组(EG)的表现影响较小，测试前/测试后表现差异:F(1,16) = 3.893, p = 0.066, np2 = 0.196，对FI任务的表现影响-F(1,36) = 6.484, p = 0.015, np2 = 0.153。在前两种情况下，我们观察到基线抑制表现较低的学生表现出更大的收益- ci训练，r = -。524, p = 0.031;RI训练，r = -。470, p = 0.057;未训练CI任务，r = .755, p = .001。我们讨论了基于迁移的短期干预处理和不同任务测量的使用
{"title":"Impact of a combined cognitive and response inhibition training in school-age children","authors":"Yesica Aydmune, S. Lipina, M. López-Ramón, I. Introzzi","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this work were: (1) to implement a brief 6 sessions intervention, which combines training activities of Cognitive Inhibition (CI) and Response Inhibition (RI), in a group of schoolchildren aged from 6 to 8 years (M = 6.8, SD = .61; n = 38; 60.5% girls, 39.5% boys); (2) to analyze the effects of the intervention on training tasks performances, on untraining inhibitory tasks (near transfer) and on performance in a FI task (far transfer); and (3) to study individual differences in training effects associated with baseline inhibitory performance. An experimental design, pre-test, post-test and control group (CG), was implemented. The main results indicate an improvement in performance in trained tasks -differences between first and last session: CI training Z = -3.455, p = .001; RI training Z = -3.758, p < .001-, low effects of the intervention on performance in an untrained CI task -experimental group (EG), difference pre/post-test performance: F(1,16) = 3.893, p = .066, np2 = .196- and effects on performance in the FI task -F(1,36) = 6.484, p = .015, np2 = .153. In the first two cases, it was observed that the students with a lower base line inhibitory performance, showed greater profits -CI training, r = -.524, p = .031; RI training, r = -.470, p = .057; untrained CI task, r = .755, p = .001. We discussed the transfer based processing on short interventions and the use of different tasks measurements","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47948036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.2.7
Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino, R. Ballester-Arnal, C. Giménez-García, M. Gil-Llario
Romantic beliefs are associated to attachment anxiety, acceptability of abusive relationships and justification of violent behavior. Adolescence is a crucial stage for the consolidation of identity. The aim of this study is to analyze the myths of romantic love and examine gender differences among 448 Spanish early-middle adolescents (M = 12.92; SD = 0.85) that were attending the first and second year of the Spanish secondary education. The Myths, Fallacies and Misconceptions about Romantic Love Scale by Luzón et al. (2011) was administered in the classrooms during tutoring hours and was supervised by a group of psychologists. Results showed that out of the total of 18 myths of romantic love in the evaluation, the average number that the adolescents said they believed in was 9.03 (SD = 3.13). The highest scores were obtained in factors named “Love implies possession and exclusivity” and “True love is predestined”. The better-half myth, the myth of jealousy and the idea of love between couples is the fundamental reason behind the existence were the most frequent beliefs. Statistically significant gender differences were found. Adolescent males reported that they believed in a higher number of myths of romantic love and obtained the highest percentages in most beliefs in myths. Findings show shows that biases and fallacies related to romantic love have already been formed in early adolescence and that appears differentially according to gender. These results can be useful in the planning and design of preventive programs
{"title":"The teenage love: Do Spanish early-middle adolescents believe in the romantic love?","authors":"Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino, R. Ballester-Arnal, C. Giménez-García, M. Gil-Llario","doi":"10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/RPCNA.2021.08.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Romantic beliefs are associated to attachment anxiety, acceptability of abusive relationships and justification of violent behavior. Adolescence is a crucial stage for the consolidation of identity. The aim of this study is to analyze the myths of romantic love and examine gender differences among 448 Spanish early-middle adolescents (M = 12.92; SD = 0.85) that were attending the first and second year of the Spanish secondary education. The Myths, Fallacies and Misconceptions about Romantic Love Scale by Luzón et al. (2011) was administered in the classrooms during tutoring hours and was supervised by a group of psychologists. Results showed that out of the total of 18 myths of romantic love in the evaluation, the average number that the adolescents said they believed in was 9.03 (SD = 3.13). The highest scores were obtained in factors named “Love implies possession and exclusivity” and “True love is predestined”. The better-half myth, the myth of jealousy and the idea of love between couples is the fundamental reason behind the existence were the most frequent beliefs. Statistically significant gender differences were found. Adolescent males reported that they believed in a higher number of myths of romantic love and obtained the highest percentages in most beliefs in myths. Findings show shows that biases and fallacies related to romantic love have already been formed in early adolescence and that appears differentially according to gender. These results can be useful in the planning and design of preventive programs","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48294143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.5
A. González-Roz, Itziar Suárez-Martínez, Gema Alonso-Diego Alonso-Diego, V. Martínez-Loredo, R. Secades-Villa
Reinforcement pathology (RP), a framework rooted in behavioral economics, has contributed to advances in the etiology and treatment of substance use. Drug demand and delay discounting (DD) have gained considerable interest, as they inform on the risk for escalation to substance use as well as treatment-specific targets. No prior study conducted in Spain has explored the interplay of demand and DD in adolescents. This study was aimed to: 1) identify whether DD and alcohol demand can yield empirically driven subgroups, and 2) examine differences in substance use involvement. The sample comprised 107 (% females = 54.2) adolescents (M=15.46, SD=1.25) from a high school in Asturias (Spain). Participants filled out an ad-hoc survey on substance use over the prior 30 days and one year. A 20-item alcohol purchase task (APT) was used to assess the reinforcing value of alcohol. The 21-item Monetary Choice Questionnaire evaluated impulsive choice. Two subgroups emerged: Cluster 1 (n = 72) and Cluster 2 (n = 35). Participants in C2 consistently showed higher impulsivity and demand for alcohol, signifying lower responsiveness to alcohol pricing. As compared to C1, those in C2 had a higher prevalence of past-month substance use [C1: 26/72 (36.1%) vs. C2: 33/35 (94.3%), p <.001], and a greater frequency of drunkenness [p <.001] and binge drinking episodes [p <.001]. RP differentiate between subgroups of adolescent substance users with patterns of more versus less substance use involvement. The existence of specific drug use subpopulations should be considered when designing environmental preventive policies
{"title":"Insights from behavioral economics to characterize substance use involvement in adolescents: a cluster analysis","authors":"A. González-Roz, Itziar Suárez-Martínez, Gema Alonso-Diego Alonso-Diego, V. Martínez-Loredo, R. Secades-Villa","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforcement pathology (RP), a framework rooted in behavioral economics, has contributed to advances in the etiology and treatment of substance use. Drug demand and delay discounting (DD) have gained considerable interest, as they inform on the risk for escalation to substance use as well as treatment-specific targets. No prior study conducted in Spain has explored the interplay of demand and DD in adolescents. This study was aimed to: 1) identify whether DD and alcohol demand can yield empirically driven subgroups, and 2) examine differences in substance use involvement. The sample comprised 107 (% females = 54.2) adolescents (M=15.46, SD=1.25) from a high school in Asturias (Spain). Participants filled out an ad-hoc survey on substance use over the prior 30 days and one year. A 20-item alcohol purchase task (APT) was used to assess the reinforcing value of alcohol. The 21-item Monetary Choice Questionnaire evaluated impulsive choice. Two subgroups emerged: Cluster 1 (n = 72) and Cluster 2 (n = 35). Participants in C2 consistently showed higher impulsivity and demand for alcohol, signifying lower responsiveness to alcohol pricing. As compared to C1, those in C2 had a higher prevalence of past-month substance use [C1: 26/72 (36.1%) vs. C2: 33/35 (94.3%), p <.001], and a greater frequency of drunkenness [p <.001] and binge drinking episodes [p <.001]. RP differentiate between subgroups of adolescent substance users with patterns of more versus less substance use involvement. The existence of specific drug use subpopulations should be considered when designing environmental preventive policies","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68342171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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