Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.1
E. Romero
Conduct problems (CP) constitute a major field for child clinical psychology, in terms of not only prevalence, but also developmental, social, and clinical relevance. This study carried out an umbrella review of meta-analyses on the efficacy of treatment/indicated prevention of child CP (mean age range up to 12 years). Following a registered protocol, several databases (i.e., Web of Science, PsycINFO, PROSPERO, and The Cochrane Library) were searched for meta-analyses published from January 2002 to March 2022. Nine meta-analytic publications met the required criteria, and the main characteristics and findings of the studies were systematically described. Weighted effect sizes (ESs) were calculated through RStudio program. Analyses of heterogeneity, publication bias, quality (AMSTAR-2), and credibility were also conducted. Results indicate that parent training has been the most studied intervention, with a weighted ES of d = -0.49 (95% CI -.67 to -.32). The reviewed studies identified several moderators for the efficacy of parent training, including individual (severity of CP), family (financial disadvantage), and intervention (delivery format) characteristics. Results from child-centered play therapy were also analyzed, d = -.34 (95% CI -.40 to -.28), but the reduced number of meta-analyses and the weakness detected by quality assessment suggest the need of cautiously considering the pooled effects. In general, evidence seems to be suggestive of the efficacy of treatment of CP, particularly for parent training. Nevertheless, efficacy seems to be moderate, heterogeneity indexes are high, and quality assessments of meta-analyses are often suboptimal. This study suggests several avenues to strengthen knowledge in this field
行为问题(CP)是儿童临床心理学的一个重要领域，不仅在患病率方面，而且在发展、社会和临床方面都有相关性。本研究对儿童CP(平均年龄至12岁)的治疗/指示性预防效果的荟萃分析进行了综合回顾。按照注册协议，检索了几个数据库(即Web of Science、PsycINFO、PROSPERO和The Cochrane Library)，以检索2002年1月至2022年3月间发表的元分析。9篇元分析出版物符合要求的标准，并系统地描述了研究的主要特征和发现。通过RStudio程序计算加权效应量(ESs)。对异质性、发表偏倚、质量(AMSTAR-2)和可信度也进行了分析。结果表明，父母培训是研究最多的干预措施，加权ES为d = -0.49 (95% CI为-)。67到- 0.32)。回顾的研究确定了父母培训效果的几个调节因素，包括个人(CP严重程度)、家庭(经济劣势)和干预(交付形式)特征。以儿童为中心的游戏治疗结果也进行了分析，d = - 0.34(95% ci -。40至- 0.28)，但meta分析数量的减少和质量评估发现的不足表明需要谨慎考虑综合效应。总的来说，证据似乎暗示了治疗CP的有效性，特别是对父母的培训。然而，疗效似乎是中等的，异质性指数高，荟萃分析的质量评估往往是次优的。本研究提出了加强这一领域知识的几种途径
{"title":"What works in the psychological treatment of child conduct problems? An umbrella review of meta-analytic studies","authors":"E. Romero","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Conduct problems (CP) constitute a major field for child clinical psychology, in terms of not only prevalence, but also developmental, social, and clinical relevance. This study carried out an umbrella review of meta-analyses on the efficacy of treatment/indicated prevention of child CP (mean age range up to 12 years). Following a registered protocol, several databases (i.e., Web of Science, PsycINFO, PROSPERO, and The Cochrane Library) were searched for meta-analyses published from January 2002 to March 2022. Nine meta-analytic publications met the required criteria, and the main characteristics and findings of the studies were systematically described. Weighted effect sizes (ESs) were calculated through RStudio program. Analyses of heterogeneity, publication bias, quality (AMSTAR-2), and credibility were also conducted. Results indicate that parent training has been the most studied intervention, with a weighted ES of d = -0.49 (95% CI -.67 to -.32). The reviewed studies identified several moderators for the efficacy of parent training, including individual (severity of CP), family (financial disadvantage), and intervention (delivery format) characteristics. Results from child-centered play therapy were also analyzed, d = -.34 (95% CI -.40 to -.28), but the reduced number of meta-analyses and the weakness detected by quality assessment suggest the need of cautiously considering the pooled effects. In general, evidence seems to be suggestive of the efficacy of treatment of CP, particularly for parent training. Nevertheless, efficacy seems to be moderate, heterogeneity indexes are high, and quality assessments of meta-analyses are often suboptimal. This study suggests several avenues to strengthen knowledge in this field","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.6
A. Ruiz, Y. Quiles, Eva María Muñoz León, María Roncero, M. Marco
Effectiveness of the application of the Echomantra in an adolescent girl with anorexia nervosa and her caregiver: A case study. The aim of the ECHOMANTRA program is to facilitate the transition from hospital back into the community. ECHOMANTRA is based on interventions for carers (Experienced Carers Helping Others, ECHO; Treasure et al. 2016) and patients (Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, MANTRA; Schmidt, et al., 2014). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ECHOMANTRA program, applied together with the usual treatment, in a 15-yearold adolescent girl with anorexia nervosa (AN) and her mother. A single case design and pre-post measures were used, as well as follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The patient was assessed for: eating pathology (EDE-Q), emotional state (DASS-21), psychosocial adjustment (EQ-5D-5L and CIA 3.0) and motivation to change. In the mother: expressed emotion (FQ), symptom impact (EDSIS), accommodation to illness (EAISA), emotional state (DASS-21) and her caregiver skills (CSS) were assessed. Both programs consisted of 8 on-line sessions, which were conducted individually and on a weekly basis. The results showed a reduction in AN symptomatology, increased BMI, improved emotional state, motivation to change and psychosocial adjustment; and in the mother, improved emotional state and caregiving skills, and reduced accommodation to illness, expressed emotion and the impact of symptoms. These changes were maintained at follow-up. Both patient and family valued the program as satisfactory. Both the acceptability and efficiency of treatment for AN may be improved by using ECHOMANATRA to prepare for transition from inpatient care, by giving support to both patients and their carers.
应用Echomantra治疗神经性厌食症少女及其护理者的效果:个案研究。ECHOMANTRA方案的目的是促进从医院回到社区的过渡。ECHOMANTRA是基于对护理人员的干预(有经验的护理人员帮助他人，ECHO;Treasure et al. 2016)和患者(Maudsley成人神经性厌食症治疗模型，MANTRA;Schmidt等人，2014)。本研究的目的是评估ECHOMANTRA计划与常规治疗一起应用于一位患有神经性厌食症(AN)的15岁青春期女孩及其母亲的有效性。采用单一病例设计和前后措施，并在3个月和6个月进行随访。对患者进行饮食病理(ed - q)、情绪状态(DASS-21)、心理社会适应(EQ-5D-5L和CIA 3.0)和改变动机的评估。对母亲进行情绪表达(FQ)、症状影响(EDSIS)、疾病适应(EAISA)、情绪状态(DASS-21)和照顾者技能(CSS)评估。这两个项目都包括8个在线课程，每个课程每周单独进行一次。结果显示AN症状减轻，BMI增加，情绪状态改善，改变动机和心理社会适应;母亲的情绪状态和护理技能得到改善，对疾病的适应减少，表达情绪和症状的影响。这些变化在随访中保持不变。病人和家属都认为这个项目令人满意。通过使用ECHOMANATRA准备从住院治疗过渡，并为患者及其护理人员提供支持，可以提高AN治疗的可接受性和效率。
{"title":"Efectividad de la aplicación del programa Echomantra en una adolescente con anorexia nerviosa y su familiar: Un estudio de caso","authors":"A. Ruiz, Y. Quiles, Eva María Muñoz León, María Roncero, M. Marco","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Effectiveness of the application of the Echomantra in an adolescent girl with anorexia nervosa and her caregiver: A case study. The aim of the ECHOMANTRA program is to facilitate the transition from hospital back into the community. ECHOMANTRA is based on interventions for carers (Experienced Carers Helping Others, ECHO; Treasure et al. 2016) and patients (Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, MANTRA; Schmidt, et al., 2014). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ECHOMANTRA program, applied together with the usual treatment, in a 15-yearold adolescent girl with anorexia nervosa (AN) and her mother. A single case design and pre-post measures were used, as well as follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The patient was assessed for: eating pathology (EDE-Q), emotional state (DASS-21), psychosocial adjustment (EQ-5D-5L and CIA 3.0) and motivation to change. In the mother: expressed emotion (FQ), symptom impact (EDSIS), accommodation to illness (EAISA), emotional state (DASS-21) and her caregiver skills (CSS) were assessed. Both programs consisted of 8 on-line sessions, which were conducted individually and on a weekly basis. The results showed a reduction in AN symptomatology, increased BMI, improved emotional state, motivation to change and psychosocial adjustment; and in the mother, improved emotional state and caregiving skills, and reduced accommodation to illness, expressed emotion and the impact of symptoms. These changes were maintained at follow-up. Both patient and family valued the program as satisfactory. Both the acceptability and efficiency of treatment for AN may be improved by using ECHOMANATRA to prepare for transition from inpatient care, by giving support to both patients and their carers.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.4
María del Carmen Madrid Echeverría, Alexandra Morales
Emotional well-being of parents with children with obstetric brachial plexus injury: A cross-sectional study. There is evidence that mothers of children with obstetric brachial plexus injury (PBO) show depressive and anxious symptoms and have low quality of life. Most of these studies evaluate only mothers (without considering fathers) and there are no recent data that collect their adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the role of social support in this population and their emotional well-being has not been explored to date. The aim of the current study was to evaluate depressive symptoms, anxiety, social support and quality of life in this population. To do this, all participants were interviewed online in order to evaluate these variables. Parents (90% women; mean age = 37.47; SD = 4.82) of 30 children between 0 and 6 years old with brachial plexus injury (40% women; mean age = 2.80; SD = 1, 60) participated. The levels of depressive and anxious symptomatology were moderate. The level of satisfaction regarding the social support received was high, while the average number of people who provide help was low. The participants presented a high quality of life and health in variables such as physical function, physical role, bodily pain, general health, social function, emotional role and mental health. However, they presented a moderate level life quality and health in vitality. This study provides evidence on variables related to the mental health of primary caregivers of children with PBO during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.
{"title":"Bienestar emocional de los padres de niños con lesión del plexo braquial obstétrica: un estudio transversal","authors":"María del Carmen Madrid Echeverría, Alexandra Morales","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional well-being of parents with children with obstetric brachial plexus injury: A cross-sectional study. There is evidence that mothers of children with obstetric brachial plexus injury (PBO) show depressive and anxious symptoms and have low quality of life. Most of these studies evaluate only mothers (without considering fathers) and there are no recent data that collect their adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the role of social support in this population and their emotional well-being has not been explored to date. The aim of the current study was to evaluate depressive symptoms, anxiety, social support and quality of life in this population. To do this, all participants were interviewed online in order to evaluate these variables. Parents (90% women; mean age = 37.47; SD = 4.82) of 30 children between 0 and 6 years old with brachial plexus injury (40% women; mean age = 2.80; SD = 1, 60) participated. The levels of depressive and anxious symptomatology were moderate. The level of satisfaction regarding the social support received was high, while the average number of people who provide help was low. The participants presented a high quality of life and health in variables such as physical function, physical role, bodily pain, general health, social function, emotional role and mental health. However, they presented a moderate level life quality and health in vitality. This study provides evidence on variables related to the mental health of primary caregivers of children with PBO during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.9
J. M. Flujas-Contreras
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones psicológicas en niños con diagnóstico de Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Se ha seguido un diseño de revisión de revisiones en el que se han incluido publicaciones de revisión sistemática y meta-análisis que revisaban intervenciones psicológicas en niños con TEA con el objetivo de mejorar la sintomatología, el funcionamiento o el bienestar y calidad de vida de estas personas. La búsqueda se ha realizado en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library y Prospero, con limitación temporal de publicaciones en los últimos 5 años. El riesgo de sesgos de los estudios seleccionados fue evaluado mediante el instrumento A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). Se han analizado 8 estudios de revisión sistemática y meta-análisis. El análisis según el modelo terapéutico reporta que la terapia cognitivo conductual es útil para el manejo de síntomas de ansiedad en TEA de alto funcionamiento. La terapia de conducta es efectiva para la mejora de la comunicación, las interacciones sociales, habilidades de autonomía y la inteligencia. En los estudios analizados se presenta una amplia heterogeneidad de variables y medidas de evaluación, así como de programas y estrategias de intervención con programas de tratamiento combinados, que no permite llegar a conclusiones definitivas sobre la efectividad de programas concretos. Se concluyen ciertos puntos clave como directrices de intervención en autismo.
本研究的目的是评估心理干预对自闭症谱系障碍(asd)儿童的有效性。已设计审查订正出版物包括了系统的审查和评价审查了儿童心理干预与火炬,目的是改善症状、运作或这些人的福利和生活质量。这项研究是在PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library和Prospero数据库中进行的，在过去5年里有发表的时间限制。本研究的目的是评估随机对照试验(rct)和随机对照试验(rct)的偏倚风险。我们回顾了8项系统综述和荟萃分析研究。基于治疗模型的分析表明，认知行为疗法对高功能asd患者焦虑症状的管理是有用的。行为疗法在改善沟通、社会互动、自主技能和智力方面是有效的。在本研究中，我们分析了不同的变量和评估措施，以及干预方案和策略与联合治疗方案的异质性，这使得我们无法对特定方案的有效性得出明确的结论。结论为自闭症干预指南的某些关键点。
{"title":"Efectividad de las intervenciones psicológicas en Trastorno del Espectro Autista: una revisión sistemática de meta-análisis y revisiones sistemáticas","authors":"J. M. Flujas-Contreras","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.9","url":null,"abstract":"El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones psicológicas en niños con diagnóstico de Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Se ha seguido un diseño de revisión de revisiones en el que se han incluido publicaciones de revisión sistemática y meta-análisis que revisaban intervenciones psicológicas en niños con TEA con el objetivo de mejorar la sintomatología, el funcionamiento o el bienestar y calidad de vida de estas personas. La búsqueda se ha realizado en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library y Prospero, con limitación temporal de publicaciones en los últimos 5 años. El riesgo de sesgos de los estudios seleccionados fue evaluado mediante el instrumento A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). Se han analizado 8 estudios de revisión sistemática y meta-análisis. El análisis según el modelo terapéutico reporta que la terapia cognitivo conductual es útil para el manejo de síntomas de ansiedad en TEA de alto funcionamiento. La terapia de conducta es efectiva para la mejora de la comunicación, las interacciones sociales, habilidades de autonomía y la inteligencia. En los estudios analizados se presenta una amplia heterogeneidad de variables y medidas de evaluación, así como de programas y estrategias de intervención con programas de tratamiento combinados, que no permite llegar a conclusiones definitivas sobre la efectividad de programas concretos. Se concluyen ciertos puntos clave como directrices de intervención en autismo.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68344595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.1
Sandra Martínez-Sitjes, Cordelia Estévez Casellas, Aida Carrillo García
Role of empathy in aggressors and victims of bullying: A cross-sectional study. Bullying is a phenomenon that is present in the classroom. The emotional competences that children develop as they grow up may be related to their participation in this process. Empathy is a competence that is affected in aggressors and victims. This paper analysed whether there are differences in the level of empathy depending on the participants in bullying (victims and bullies). In addition, we studied whether there are differences in empathy according to the gender of the person towards whom the empathic action is directed and who is exercising it. The sample consisted of 180 children, 50% girls and 50% boys between 10 and 12 years of age, with a mean of 11.23 years and a standard deviation of .914, recruited from five schools in the province of Alicante (Petrel, Ibi and Alicante), Spain. The children responded to the Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents (IECA) questionnaire to assess empathy and to the Bull-S test to assess possible aggressor and victim profiles in the classroom. Bullies and victims scored lower on empathy than the overall sample mean, although there was no difference in empathy between bullies and victims. Girls scored higher on empathy than boys. Girls were more empathetic towards girls than boys. It is concluded that emotional competences may be affected in people involved in bullying situations. Therefore, priority should be given to prevention programmes based on improving emotional competences in order to prevent the problem of bullying before it occurs. Keywords: bullying; empathy; aggressor; victim; gender.
{"title":"Papel de la empatía en los agresores y las víctimas del acoso escolar: un estudio transversal","authors":"Sandra Martínez-Sitjes, Cordelia Estévez Casellas, Aida Carrillo García","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Role of empathy in aggressors and victims of bullying: A cross-sectional study. Bullying is a phenomenon that is present in the classroom. The emotional competences that children develop as they grow up may be related to their participation in this process. Empathy is a competence that is affected in aggressors and victims. This paper analysed whether there are differences in the level of empathy depending on the participants in bullying (victims and bullies). In addition, we studied whether there are differences in empathy according to the gender of the person towards whom the empathic action is directed and who is exercising it. The sample consisted of 180 children, 50% girls and 50% boys between 10 and 12 years of age, with a mean of 11.23 years and a standard deviation of .914, recruited from five schools in the province of Alicante (Petrel, Ibi and Alicante), Spain. The children responded to the Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents (IECA) questionnaire to assess empathy and to the Bull-S test to assess possible aggressor and victim profiles in the classroom. Bullies and victims scored lower on empathy than the overall sample mean, although there was no difference in empathy between bullies and victims. Girls scored higher on empathy than boys. Girls were more empathetic towards girls than boys. It is concluded that emotional competences may be affected in people involved in bullying situations. Therefore, priority should be given to prevention programmes based on improving emotional competences in order to prevent the problem of bullying before it occurs. Keywords: bullying; empathy; aggressor; victim; gender.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.2
Maria del Mar Diaz-Castela
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a very common disorder in childhood and adolescence. Many studies have examined various types of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), meaning there is a need for a study exploring the efficacy of CBT. The objectives of this study are to determine what treatments and factors can improve treatment outcomes for SAD. We performed an umbrella review of the effectiveness of psychological interventions in treating SAD in children and adolescents. Nine databases were searched using a combination of keywords. Risk of bias was assessed using AMSTAR-2. Six systematic reviews and meta-analysis were selected and reported. All of those studies assessed the efficacy of CBT in children and adolescents with SAD, demonstrating its short- and long-term effectiveness. The components that seem to be most effective are exposure in any modality and social skills training. Other considerations to take into account are addressed in the discussion.
{"title":"The state of psychological treatments for social anxiety disorder in children and adolescents: An Umbrella Review","authors":"Maria del Mar Diaz-Castela","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a very common disorder in childhood and adolescence. Many studies have examined various types of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), meaning there is a need for a study exploring the efficacy of CBT. The objectives of this study are to determine what treatments and factors can improve treatment outcomes for SAD. We performed an umbrella review of the effectiveness of psychological interventions in treating SAD in children and adolescents. Nine databases were searched using a combination of keywords. Risk of bias was assessed using AMSTAR-2. Six systematic reviews and meta-analysis were selected and reported. All of those studies assessed the efficacy of CBT in children and adolescents with SAD, demonstrating its short- and long-term effectiveness. The components that seem to be most effective are exposure in any modality and social skills training. Other considerations to take into account are addressed in the discussion.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.2
Karla Areli Medina-Tepal, R. Vázquez-Arévalo, Nazira Calleja-Bello, J. M. Mancilla-Díaz
Construction and validation of the Pica and Rumination Questionnaire in Mexican adolescents and young adults. Research on Pica and Rumination Disorders has focused on children, people with disabilities, and pregnant women. This has important implications because it is unknown whether these occur at other stages of development and in other populations. These conditions leads to important health problems and can even lead to death, so it is essential to have valid and reliable screening instruments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an instrument to detect the symptoms and behaviors of Pica and Rumination disorders, as well as to determine their psychometric properties in Mexican adolescents and young adults. The items were prepared from the review of the literature and were subsequently submitted for review by seven experts in the area, obtaining Aiken’s V coefficients that indicate a high agreement between judges regarding the content of the instrument. Likewise, the reliability of the scale was verified from the calculation of the alpha and omega coefficients, where the following indices were obtained: 0.85 and 0.93. Subsequently, an Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis was carried out, where a structure of four factors was achieved that explains 48.35% of the variance, in addition to the following indices that corroborate an adequate fit CMIN = 2.41, GFI = 0.92; AGFI = 0.89; CFI = 0.93; RMR =.063 and RMSEA = 0.064. Finally, the calibration of the reagents was carried out where it was observed that all discriminated adequately. In conclusion, the psychometric properties obtained in this study show that the Pica and Rumination Questionnaire is valid and reliable.
{"title":"Construcción y validación del Cuestionario de Pica y Rumiación (CuPRu) en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes mexicanos","authors":"Karla Areli Medina-Tepal, R. Vázquez-Arévalo, Nazira Calleja-Bello, J. M. Mancilla-Díaz","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Construction and validation of the Pica and Rumination Questionnaire in Mexican adolescents and young adults. Research on Pica and Rumination Disorders has focused on children, people with disabilities, and pregnant women. This has important implications because it is unknown whether these occur at other stages of development and in other populations. These conditions leads to important health problems and can even lead to death, so it is essential to have valid and reliable screening instruments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an instrument to detect the symptoms and behaviors of Pica and Rumination disorders, as well as to determine their psychometric properties in Mexican adolescents and young adults. The items were prepared from the review of the literature and were subsequently submitted for review by seven experts in the area, obtaining Aiken’s V coefficients that indicate a high agreement between judges regarding the content of the instrument. Likewise, the reliability of the scale was verified from the calculation of the alpha and omega coefficients, where the following indices were obtained: 0.85 and 0.93. Subsequently, an Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis was carried out, where a structure of four factors was achieved that explains 48.35% of the variance, in addition to the following indices that corroborate an adequate fit CMIN = 2.41, GFI = 0.92; AGFI = 0.89; CFI = 0.93; RMR =.063 and RMSEA = 0.064. Finally, the calibration of the reagents was carried out where it was observed that all discriminated adequately. In conclusion, the psychometric properties obtained in this study show that the Pica and Rumination Questionnaire is valid and reliable.","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2023.10.1.6
J. Espada
Depression in childhood and adolescence is a public health problem due to its high prevalence and the impact it has in the individual development. There is clear evidence of the efficacy of Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of depression in children and adolescents; however, recent reviews and meta-analyses provide new perspectives for treatment. The purpose of this work is to synthesize the bibliography available through a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis that summarizes in a comprehensive way the evidence of the last two decades on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for infant-juvenile depression. A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was performed. A search was conducted in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Eight records met the inclusion criteria, 2 were analysed in their entirety and from the remaining 6 the information needed for independent analysis was extracted. Seven different psychotherapies were studied: CBT and IPT were the most studied (n=7; 87.5%), followed by family therapy (n=5; 62.5%), psychodynamic therapy (n=3; 37.5%), behavioural therapy (n=3; 37.5%), computerised CBT (n=2; 25%), problem-solving therapy (n=1; 12.5%) and supportive therapy (n=1; 12.5%). IPT and CBT were shown to be effective in the treatment of adolescent depression. Half of the reviews (n=4; 50%) had a low methodological quality and the other half (n=4; 50%) were classified as critically low. In general, psychological interventions for child and adolescent depression produce significant, but modest effects. Specifically, IPT and CBT can be considered the main treatment alternatives for adolescent depression. There is insufficient data of specific psychological treatment for children diagnosed with a depressive disorder. It is suggested that research should be increased to improve the methodological quality and increase the number of studies aimed at the children population.
儿童期和青少年期抑郁症发病率高，对个人发展有重大影响，是一个公共卫生问题。人际关系治疗(IPT)和认知行为治疗(CBT)治疗儿童和青少年抑郁症的疗效有明确的证据;然而，最近的综述和荟萃分析为治疗提供了新的视角。这项工作的目的是通过对系统综述和荟萃分析的系统综述来综合现有的参考书目，以全面的方式总结了过去二十年来关于婴幼儿抑郁症心理干预有效性的证据。对系统评价和荟萃分析进行系统评价。在Web of Science和Scopus数据库中进行了搜索。8例符合纳入标准，2例进行完整分析，其余6例提取独立分析所需的信息。研究了七种不同的心理疗法:CBT和IPT是研究最多的(n=7;87.5%)，其次是家庭治疗(n=5;62.5%)、心理动力疗法(n=3;37.5%)、行为治疗(n=3;37.5%)，计算机化CBT (n=2;25%)、问题解决疗法(n=1;12.5%)和支持治疗(n=1;12.5%)。IPT和CBT在治疗青少年抑郁症方面被证明是有效的。一半的评论(n=4;50%)方法学质量较低，另一半(n=4;50%)被列为极低。一般来说，对儿童和青少年抑郁症的心理干预产生显著但适度的效果。具体来说，IPT和CBT可以被认为是青少年抑郁症的主要治疗方案。对于被诊断患有抑郁症的儿童，具体的心理治疗数据不足。建议应增加研究，以提高方法质量，并增加针对儿童人口的研究数量。
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Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.3.2
Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares
Association between executive functions and theory of mind in children: Empirical evidence and theoretical implications. Previous studies have found that executive functioning (EF) is related to theory of mind (ToM). However, the directionality and strength of this link remain a topic of debate in the current literature. The aim of this paper was to analyze the study perspectives and empirical evidence on the directionality and strength of the co-development of EF and ToM in children. The literature search was performed in Web of Science. Sci2 Tool and Gephi were used for the analysis. Cluster analysis showed three study perspectives focused on the relationship between EF performance and ToM in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (2) and typical development (TD) (3). We found a consistent pattern of association between EF and ToM in children with ASD, ADHD, and TD. Longitudinal findings showed that the association between early EF and late ToM, including false belief comprehension, is stronger than the inverse association and tends to consolidate with age, indicating an EF→ToM, but not ToM→EF directionality, and is not better explained by the effect of executive demands posed in ToM tasks. Taken together, the evidence supports the “emergence” and “enrichment” theoretical accounts in considering that EFs in early child neurodevelopment are ontogenetically implicated in the acquisition, consolidation, and change of psychological state comprehension abilities in others
儿童执行功能和心理理论之间的联系：经验证据和理论含义。先前的研究发现，执行功能（EF）与心理理论（ToM）有关。然而，这种联系的方向性和强度在当前的文献中仍然是一个争论的话题。本文的目的是分析儿童EF和ToM共同发展的方向性和强度的研究视角和经验证据。文献检索在Web of Science上进行。Sci2 Tool和Gephi用于分析。聚类分析显示，三个研究视角集中在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）（1）、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）（2）和典型发育（TD）（3）儿童的EF表现与ToM之间的关系上。我们发现，在患有ASD、ADHD和TD的儿童中，EF和ToM之间存在一致的关联模式。纵向研究结果表明，早期EF和晚期ToM之间的关联，包括错误的信念理解，比反向关联更强，并倾向于随着年龄的增长而巩固，这表明EF→ToM，但不是ToM→EF的方向性，并且不能更好地用ToM任务中提出的执行需求的影响来解释。总之，这些证据支持“出现”和“丰富”的理论解释，认为儿童早期神经发育中的EFs在个体遗传学上与他人心理状态理解能力的获得、巩固和改变有关
{"title":"Asociación entre las funciones ejecutivas y la teoría de la mente en niños: Evidencia empírica e implicaciones teóricas","authors":"Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Association between executive functions and theory of mind in children: Empirical evidence and theoretical implications. Previous studies have found that executive functioning (EF) is related to theory of mind (ToM). However, the directionality and strength of this link remain a topic of debate in the current literature. The aim of this paper was to analyze the study perspectives and empirical evidence on the directionality and strength of the co-development of EF and ToM in children. The literature search was performed in Web of Science. Sci2 Tool and Gephi were used for the analysis. Cluster analysis showed three study perspectives focused on the relationship between EF performance and ToM in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (2) and typical development (TD) (3). We found a consistent pattern of association between EF and ToM in children with ASD, ADHD, and TD. Longitudinal findings showed that the association between early EF and late ToM, including false belief comprehension, is stronger than the inverse association and tends to consolidate with age, indicating an EF→ToM, but not ToM→EF directionality, and is not better explained by the effect of executive demands posed in ToM tasks. Taken together, the evidence supports the “emergence” and “enrichment” theoretical accounts in considering that EFs in early child neurodevelopment are ontogenetically implicated in the acquisition, consolidation, and change of psychological state comprehension abilities in others","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive profile of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Contradictory results have been found in relation to the cognitive profile that characterizes the population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the available evidence about the cognitive deficits associated with ASD in children and adolescents. 26 studies were selected, encompassing the findings of a total of 1,229 child-young individuals with a diagnosis of ASD and 1,052 typically developing (TD). Studies since 2018 that compared performance in cognitive domains in between those populations were included. The results suggest that ASD present cognitive functioning that differs significantly from that of their peers with TD, with specific alterations in cognitive processes and domains, which is related to the way in which they process information and involves the affectation of other cognitive domains such attention, memory, executive functions, language, and social cognition. The main limitations of this review refer to the size of the sample in relation to the great variety of cognitive domains studied and the associated theoretical constructs, as well as the existence of a gender bias in the diagnosis of ASD. This work provides useful information on the cognitive profile of ASD, because studying and defining deeply the cognitive characterization of this population can contribute to improving early detection and the effectiveness of both clinical and educational interventions
{"title":"Perfil cognitivo del trastorno del espectro autista en población infantojuvenil: una revisión sistemática","authors":"Patricia Fernández-Alvarado, Iban Onandia-Hinchado","doi":"10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2022.09.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive profile of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Contradictory results have been found in relation to the cognitive profile that characterizes the population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the available evidence about the cognitive deficits associated with ASD in children and adolescents. 26 studies were selected, encompassing the findings of a total of 1,229 child-young individuals with a diagnosis of ASD and 1,052 typically developing (TD). Studies since 2018 that compared performance in cognitive domains in between those populations were included. The results suggest that ASD present cognitive functioning that differs significantly from that of their peers with TD, with specific alterations in cognitive processes and domains, which is related to the way in which they process information and involves the affectation of other cognitive domains such attention, memory, executive functions, language, and social cognition. The main limitations of this review refer to the size of the sample in relation to the great variety of cognitive domains studied and the associated theoretical constructs, as well as the existence of a gender bias in the diagnosis of ASD. This work provides useful information on the cognitive profile of ASD, because studying and defining deeply the cognitive characterization of this population can contribute to improving early detection and the effectiveness of both clinical and educational interventions","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68343602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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