The article presents the essence and methodology of the universal and precise method of determinant factor analysis developed for the needs of financial and economic analysis. The averaged chain substitution method is a modification of the chain substitution method, which is the fundamental and most commonly used method of determinant factor analysis. The averaged method of chain substitutions eliminates the only significant disadvantage of the chain substitution method, namely the ambiguity (non-accuracy) of the results obtained thereby regarding the quantitative measurement of the individual influence which the participating factor variables exert on the variation of the result indicator while changing the order of the substitution of factor variables in the construction of the factor chains. The methodology of the developed average chain substitution method is presented. Mathematical expressions are derived for the quantitative determination of the individual factor influences over the variation of the result indicator with those dependences between result indicator and participating factor variables that are most commonly used in financial and economic analysis. The methodology of the offered method can also be applied to more complex mathematical dependencies that define the relationship between result indicator and participating factor variables. Similarly, it is applicable in the study of a wide range of economic and non-economic indicators.
{"title":"Averaged Chain Substitution Method","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.4.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the essence and methodology of the universal and precise method of determinant factor analysis developed for the needs of financial and economic analysis. The averaged chain substitution method is a modification of the chain substitution method, which is the fundamental and most commonly used method of determinant factor analysis. The averaged method of chain substitutions eliminates the only significant disadvantage of the chain substitution method, namely the ambiguity (non-accuracy) of the results obtained thereby regarding the quantitative measurement of the individual influence which the participating factor variables exert on the variation of the result indicator while changing the order of the substitution of factor variables in the construction of the factor chains. The methodology of the developed average chain substitution method is presented. Mathematical expressions are derived for the quantitative determination of the individual factor influences over the variation of the result indicator with those dependences between result indicator and participating factor variables that are most commonly used in financial and economic analysis. The methodology of the offered method can also be applied to more complex mathematical dependencies that define the relationship between result indicator and participating factor variables. Similarly, it is applicable in the study of a wide range of economic and non-economic indicators.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127174360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents some of the results of a study of differences and changes in per capita consumption for the 2000-2014 period for a group of European countries. The given study is part of a research project under contract № NID NI – 15/2017 to NID of UNWE, on the topic of “Analyzing the “consumer – investment products” ratio in the final production in Bulgarian economy – a tool for assessing the reproductive potential of the national economy”. The study of changes in per capita consumption in dynamics and comparability between countries covers the following group of 25 countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Finland, France and the Czech Republic. The dynamics of per capita consumption for the 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014 periods have been studied. Data for later years are missing. The research is based on the consumption per person in 56 product groups according to a single nomenclature and a single measure, in this case – the US dollar (at the average annual exchange rate to the national currency and at current prices). Unlike the study of consumption structures only, of structural differences and changes over time, this part of the study takes into account both structural differences and changes, as well as volume differences and changes. The article presents the results of the research, per the requirements in the № NID NI – 15/2017 to NID of UNWE contract, and its goal lies solely in the presentation of results.
这篇文章介绍了一项对2000-2014年期间一组欧洲国家人均消费差异和变化的研究的一些结果。该研究是与UNWE NID签订的NID NI - 15/2017合同下的研究项目的一部分，该项目的主题是“分析保加利亚经济最终生产中的“消费者-投资产品”比例-评估国民经济生殖潜力的工具”。对各国间人均消费动态和可比性变化的研究包括下列25个国家:奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、英国、德国、希腊、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、爱尔兰、西班牙、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、匈牙利、芬兰、法国和捷克共和国。研究了2000年、2005年、2010年和2014年期间的人均消费动态。之后几年的数据缺失。这项研究是基于56种产品类别的人均消费，根据单一的命名法和单一的衡量标准，在这种情况下是美元(按对本国货币的年平均汇率和现行价格计算)。与只研究消费结构、结构差异和随时间变化的研究不同，这部分研究既考虑了结构差异和变化，也考虑了数量差异和变化。本文根据NID NI - 15/2017至UNWE合同NID的要求展示了研究结果，其目标仅在于展示结果。
{"title":"International Comparison of Changes in Population Consumption in European Countries","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents some of the results of a study of differences and changes in per capita consumption for the 2000-2014 period for a group of European countries. The given study is part of a research project under contract № NID NI – 15/2017 to NID of UNWE, on the topic of “Analyzing the “consumer – investment products” ratio in the final production in Bulgarian economy – a tool for assessing the reproductive potential of the national economy”. The study of changes in per capita consumption in dynamics and comparability between countries covers the following group of 25 countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Finland, France and the Czech Republic. The dynamics of per capita consumption for the 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014 periods have been studied. Data for later years are missing. The research is based on the consumption per person in 56 product groups according to a single nomenclature and a single measure, in this case – the US dollar (at the average annual exchange rate to the national currency and at current prices). Unlike the study of consumption structures only, of structural differences and changes over time, this part of the study takes into account both structural differences and changes, as well as volume differences and changes. The article presents the results of the research, per the requirements in the № NID NI – 15/2017 to NID of UNWE contract, and its goal lies solely in the presentation of results.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124593062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article applies a systematic and political approach in exploring the convergent nature of the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the related exponential, synergistic and emergent changes that occur at all levels of the surrounding world. This approach is driven by the understanding that nothing today can be separated into separate logics, fields, theories, because everything around us is becoming more interconnected, and this is the driving mechanism of the synergistic and emergent changes in technologies and, through them, in economy and societies. The enormous volume of this type of research is the reason it has been divided into two parts in order to broadly cover the object of the research, which is related to the convergent nature of modern technologies, as well as its subject, related to the disclosure of the scale of the ongoing changes. In order to achieve these goals, the first part focuses on the various technological revolutions and the growth of interconnection, because interconnectivity itself is inseparable from technological development. It also analyzes the convergent nature of several types of technologies – digital, nano-, bio- and cogni-, which interact with each other and this leads to emergent and exponential characteristics of change.
{"title":"Convergence of the Technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Systematic Consequences for the Economies and Societies (Part 1)","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article applies a systematic and political approach in exploring the convergent nature of the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the related exponential, synergistic and emergent changes that occur at all levels of the surrounding world. This approach is driven by the understanding that nothing today can be separated into separate logics, fields, theories, because everything around us is becoming more interconnected, and this is the driving mechanism of the synergistic and emergent changes in technologies and, through them, in economy and societies. The enormous volume of this type of research is the reason it has been divided into two parts in order to broadly cover the object of the research, which is related to the convergent nature of modern technologies, as well as its subject, related to the disclosure of the scale of the ongoing changes. In order to achieve these goals, the first part focuses on the various technological revolutions and the growth of interconnection, because interconnectivity itself is inseparable from technological development. It also analyzes the convergent nature of several types of technologies – digital, nano-, bio- and cogni-, which interact with each other and this leads to emergent and exponential characteristics of change.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114451392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The offered continuing education in higher schools in Bulgaria covers various activities, among which the non-formal training courses stand out, aimed mainly at persons with higher education. The ongoing changes in the socioeconomic environment are accompanied by the dynamics of the users of non-formal education and the formation of certain challenges for continuing education and training in higher education. The main goal of the article is to study the state and dynamics of participation in nonformal education of the population with higher education in Bulgaria, on the basis of which conclusions are formulated for future policies and approaches to improve the continuing education offered in higher education. The object of research are people with higher education in Bulgaria, and the subject of research is the participation in non-formal training. The main source of information is statistics from the last three editions (2007, 2011 and 2016) of the Adult Education Survey (Eurostat), which covers EU countries and provides opportunities for comparative analysis within the community. The 2007-2016 period coincides with the first decade of Bulgaria’s membership in the EU, including the beginning of the formation of the integrated European labor market in the conditions of free movement of people and workers.
{"title":"Continuing Training for Persons with Higher Education – Challenges and Opportunities for Universities","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"The offered continuing education in higher schools in Bulgaria covers various activities, among which the non-formal training courses stand out, aimed mainly at persons with higher education. The ongoing changes in the socioeconomic environment are accompanied by the dynamics of the users of non-formal education and the formation of certain challenges for continuing education and training in higher education. The main goal of the article is to study the state and dynamics of participation in nonformal education of the population with higher education in Bulgaria, on the basis of which conclusions are formulated for future policies and approaches to improve the continuing education offered in higher education. The object of research are people with higher education in Bulgaria, and the subject of research is the participation in non-formal training. The main source of information is statistics from the last three editions (2007, 2011 and 2016) of the Adult Education Survey (Eurostat), which covers EU countries and provides opportunities for comparative analysis within the community. The 2007-2016 period coincides with the first decade of Bulgaria’s membership in the EU, including the beginning of the formation of the integrated European labor market in the conditions of free movement of people and workers.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129200938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the normative and methodological framework of regional and spatial planning in Bulgaria after the 1990s. The problems and challenges facing complex planning in Bulgarian municipalities are outlined. Alternatives for integrated planning are proposed in order to achieve sustainable local development.
{"title":"An Integrated Approach to Local Development Planning","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the normative and methodological framework of regional and spatial planning in Bulgaria after the 1990s. The problems and challenges facing complex planning in Bulgarian municipalities are outlined. Alternatives for integrated planning are proposed in order to achieve sustainable local development.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133944277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper looks at the macroeconomic dynamics in old and new EU Member States interpreted in light of the changes in the aggregate demand. The focus is on examining changes in individual components of aggregate demand over time, their relative importance, and their contribution to real GDP growth rates. This reveals the distinct features of old and new EU Member States in terms of the cost dependence of GDP growth and the resulting macroeconomic consequences.
{"title":"Aggregate Demand and Macroeconomic Dynamics in the EU: A Comparative Analysis of Old and New Member States","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"The paper looks at the macroeconomic dynamics in old and new EU Member States interpreted in light of the changes in the aggregate demand. The focus is on examining changes in individual components of aggregate demand over time, their relative importance, and their contribution to real GDP growth rates. This reveals the distinct features of old and new EU Member States in terms of the cost dependence of GDP growth and the resulting macroeconomic consequences.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126110244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents an overview as well as a topical aspect in the field of research and understanding of efficiency in marketing communications – focusing on the benefits, including the financial results for the company, and all related distinctions. A thesis is supported that a distinction between economic and non-economic efficiency in marketing communications is a good basis for better understanding of immediate and potential results and – based on this – for selection and development of the metrics. Both types could have an immediate or delayed contribution to the company’s financial results.
{"title":"Efficiency in Marketing Communications – Overview and Distinctions","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview as well as a topical aspect in the field of research and understanding of efficiency in marketing communications – focusing on the benefits, including the financial results for the company, and all related distinctions. A thesis is supported that a distinction between economic and non-economic efficiency in marketing communications is a good basis for better understanding of immediate and potential results and – based on this – for selection and development of the metrics. Both types could have an immediate or delayed contribution to the company’s financial results.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132641777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies reveal that marketing synergy is related to the market performance of new products, and thus is considered to be a factor of their success. The goal of the article is to present results from an empirical study of the impact of marketing synergy on new product results in Bulgarian companies. The article outlines research on the resource theory as a base for the concept of marketing synergy, and presents different views of marketing synergy as a success factor in new product development. Marketing synergy is regarded as congruency between the existing marketing skills of the firm and the marketing skills needed to execute a new product initiative successfully. A methodological approach for research of the marketing synergy has been developed. Results of the empirical study reveal that there is a link between the level of marketing synergy and the indicators for measurement of new product results, but there isn’t a link between the level of marketing synergy and the level of new product success.
{"title":"Impact of Marketing Synergy on the New Product Results","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Studies reveal that marketing synergy is related to the market performance of new products, and thus is considered to be a factor of their success. The goal of the article is to present results from an empirical study of the impact of marketing synergy on new product results in Bulgarian companies. The article outlines research on the resource theory as a base for the concept of marketing synergy, and presents different views of marketing synergy as a success factor in new product development. Marketing synergy is regarded as congruency between the existing marketing skills of the firm and the marketing skills needed to execute a new product initiative successfully. A methodological approach for research of the marketing synergy has been developed. Results of the empirical study reveal that there is a link between the level of marketing synergy and the indicators for measurement of new product results, but there isn’t a link between the level of marketing synergy and the level of new product success.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125647600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuing training plays a vital role in making people who participate in it more significant and more active in lifelong learning which will guarantee them higher employment, earnings, professional development, active participation in professional life, as well as the entire future life in general. It is the duty of Bulgaria’s current educational system to create and nurture the pursuit of more knowledge for continuous participation in the learning process and, subsequently, in continuing training, i.e. to create an enduring and systematic desire for learning. At present, the constant reforms in Bulgarian education have been unsuccessful in that endeavour. Other factors that play a key role include: the labour market, the management of human resources in organizations, the place and role which they assign and expect from education; they also reward and encourage it. The mindset and desire to learn, to improve one’s knowledge and skills, are crucial to continuing training and lifelong learning – they are largely predetermined at a young age by family and the environment, as well as the enrollment and nurturing of children in childcare facilities at a young age. What plays a significant role in that regard is early career guidance – a system which remains underdeveloped and underestimated when in fact it is supposed to precede every choice from early age to old age. In order for the continuous lifelong training policy to be implemented effectively, the role of education and educated people needs to be strengthened through the role of parents, the educational system itself, employers and society as a whole. For Bulgaria this involves the prioritization of education and knowledgeable people, and the accumulation of knowledge and skills should be the goal of society, organizations and every single individual; in other words, a significant change in values and policies is needed.
{"title":"On the Role and Challenges for Continuing Training Development of Human Potential: From Knowledge to Competence","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"Continuing training plays a vital role in making people who participate in it more significant and more active in lifelong learning which will guarantee them higher employment, earnings, professional development, active participation in professional life, as well as the entire future life in general. It is the duty of Bulgaria’s current educational system to create and nurture the pursuit of more knowledge for continuous participation in the learning process and, subsequently, in continuing training, i.e. to create an enduring and systematic desire for learning. At present, the constant reforms in Bulgarian education have been unsuccessful in that endeavour. Other factors that play a key role include: the labour market, the management of human resources in organizations, the place and role which they assign and expect from education; they also reward and encourage it. The mindset and desire to learn, to improve one’s knowledge and skills, are crucial to continuing training and lifelong learning – they are largely predetermined at a young age by family and the environment, as well as the enrollment and nurturing of children in childcare facilities at a young age. What plays a significant role in that regard is early career guidance – a system which remains underdeveloped and underestimated when in fact it is supposed to precede every choice from early age to old age. In order for the continuous lifelong training policy to be implemented effectively, the role of education and educated people needs to be strengthened through the role of parents, the educational system itself, employers and society as a whole. For Bulgaria this involves the prioritization of education and knowledgeable people, and the accumulation of knowledge and skills should be the goal of society, organizations and every single individual; in other words, a significant change in values and policies is needed.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126232989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article aims to explore and present the development of e-services provided by Bulgarian municipalities. The main documents and regulations determining e-governance and e-services provided by the local governments in Bulgaria are presented. The websites of all 265 municipalities have been analyzed and the remote access services they provide have been evaluated. Attention is drawn to a group of functionalities that municipalities offer through their websites. These groups include: e-activities aimed at increasing governance transparency, remote communication capabilities and licensing opportunities. Municipalities which have their own e-services portals are reviewed. For local authorities with a separate portal an additional study related to the relationship between the provision of e-services and the specific indicator and the relationship between the level of collection of vehicle tax and the introduction of a link between paid vehicle tax and technical inspection has been conducted.
{"title":"E-services and Local Authorities in Bulgaria","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/isa.2020.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/isa.2020.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The present article aims to explore and present the development of e-services provided by Bulgarian municipalities. The main documents and regulations determining e-governance and e-services provided by the local governments in Bulgaria are presented. The websites of all 265 municipalities have been analyzed and the remote access services they provide have been evaluated. Attention is drawn to a group of functionalities that municipalities offer through their websites. These groups include: e-activities aimed at increasing governance transparency, remote communication capabilities and licensing opportunities. Municipalities which have their own e-services portals are reviewed. For local authorities with a separate portal an additional study related to the relationship between the provision of e-services and the specific indicator and the relationship between the level of collection of vehicle tax and the introduction of a link between paid vehicle tax and technical inspection has been conducted.","PeriodicalId":435790,"journal":{"name":"Economic and social alternatives","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122327263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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