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Basic Principles of the Development Concept of the Russian Segment of the International Search and Rescue System COSPAS–SARSAT 国际搜救系统(COSPAS-SARSAT)俄罗斯部分发展概念的基本原则
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.3.5
A. Romanov, A. Kuzenkov, A. Tyulin, A. D. Kuropyatnikov, K. Borisov, O. Kem, V. Zaichko
The paper deals with basic principles of the offered development concept of the Russian segment of the International Search and Rescue Satellite System COSPAS–SARSAT. The issues of the present status and principles of the promising building of the system are discussed. An attempt to determine strategic development trends of the Russian segment allowing for the documents of the strategic planning and the plans on Programme development is made. The terms and main results of the realization of the offered concept are given.
本文论述了国际搜救卫星系统(COSPAS-SARSAT)俄罗斯部分发展构想的基本原则。讨论了该制度建设的现状和原则问题。考虑到战略规划文件和方案发展计划,试图确定俄罗斯部分的战略发展趋势。给出了实现所提概念的条件和主要结果。
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引用次数: 1
Possibility and Effectiveness of Including the Geostationary Segment into the Middle Earth Orbit Segment of the COSPAS–SARSAT System 将地球静止段纳入COSPAS-SARSAT系统中地球轨道段的可能性和有效性
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.3.35
D. Antonov, V. Arkhangel’skiy, V. I. Semin, A. V. Fedoseev
. This article describes necessity of having frequency measurements obtained through at least six satellites to locate slow moving beacons (velocity < 5 m/s) with the required accuracy in the middle Earth orbit segment of COSPAS–SARSAT. Possibility of adding two geostationary channels to the Middle Earth Orbit Location User Terminal (MEOLUT) with four antennas to achieve the required accuracy for slow moving beacons is shown. The necessary revision of hardware and software are described, the results of the mathematical simulation of the coverage area of the resulting LUT with six antennas are provided.
. 本文描述了在COSPAS-SARSAT的中地球轨道段以所需精度定位缓慢移动信标(速度< 5米/秒)时,通过至少6颗卫星获得频率测量值的必要性。展示了在具有四根天线的中地球轨道定位用户终端(MEOLUT)上增加两个地球同步信道以达到缓慢移动信标所需精度的可能性。描述了硬件和软件的必要修改,并给出了六个天线的LUT覆盖面积的数学模拟结果。
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引用次数: 0
Design Features of Sensitive Elements for Quartz and Silicon Pendulum Accelerometers 石英和硅摆加速度计灵敏元件的设计特点
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2017.2.95
E. Vetrova, I. Smirnov, D. Kozlov, V. V. Zapetlyaev
The article presents the review of the developed variants of pendulum accelerometers based on sensitive elements made of quartz and silicon (capacitive silicon and compensation quartz pendula) obtained by means of batch volume processing. The features of the technology for producing sensitive elements, in particular liquid etching of silicon and quartz, are given. The paper shows the analysis of the design and technological problems connected with the characteristics of the materials of production and process of the deep liquid anisotropic and isotrope etching. A special attention is given to the design features of torsional elements, because, in general, the output characteristics of the device depend on the production accuracy of such elements. Simulation of the deformation parameters and stiffness of the movable parts of the pendula was carried out in the SolidWorks Simulation program complex. The simulation results showed that it is possible to choose the necessary parameters of stiffness of the joint in a wide range by changing the geometry of the torsion bar. The best parameters for materials processing of the sensitive elements were determined. A distinctive feature of the developed technologies for producing sensitive elements of two types of accelerometers is their group character. A study of the produced samples carried out on the scanning electron microscope made it possible to determine the geometric parameters of the torsion bars of the sensitive elements. The stiffness of the structure and consequently the sensitivity of the accelerometer depended mainly on those parameters.
本文综述了利用石英和硅(电容硅和补偿石英钟摆)制成的灵敏元件,通过批量加工获得的摆加速度计的发展变化。介绍了生产敏感元件的工艺特点,特别是硅和石英的液相刻蚀工艺特点。本文分析了深液各向异性和各向同性刻蚀工艺中与生产材料和工艺特点有关的设计和工艺问题。要特别注意扭转元件的设计特点,因为一般来说,设备的输出特性取决于这些元件的生产精度。在SolidWorks仿真软件中对摆杆活动部件的变形参数和刚度进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,通过改变扭力杆的几何形状,可以在较宽的范围内选择必要的关节刚度参数。确定了敏感元件材料加工的最佳参数。已开发的两类加速度计敏感元件生产技术的一个显著特点是它们的群体性。在扫描电子显微镜上对生产的样品进行研究,可以确定敏感元件扭力杆的几何参数。结构的刚度以及加速度计的灵敏度主要取决于这些参数。
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引用次数: 1
Algorithms for Elimination of the Redundancy of the Information Transmitted from Onboard Telemetry System to the Earth 星载遥测系统向地球传输信息冗余的消除算法
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.2.85
V. V. Oreshko
. In this article the characteristics of some onboard radiotelemetry systems (RTS) are given. A method for forming the data for the egress frame of the onboard RTS and the arising redundancy in the data packages transmitted to the earth are described. Two methods of elimination of the arising redundancy are considered: the adaptive difference algorithm of data forming and a method based on the constructive theorem of the remainders. The adaptive difference algorithm is an accumulative algorithm with a packet transmission of the data. It is characterized by a low noise stability and an information transfer lag. Those characteristics impose limitations on its applicability. For control, or when an emergency occurs, large delays in data transmission are inadmissible. The essence of the method based on the constructive theorem of the remainders consists in halving of the dynamic range of the transmitted data. In place of the initial 2 n -digit word-measurement, its remainder of division by 2 n , which occupies half as many bits, is transmitted. The deduction of redundancy based on this algorithm can be used when it is known in advance that the measured parameter cannot have difference between any two consequential measurements of more than 2 n on a scale of 2 2 n .
。本文介绍了一些车载无线电遥测系统的特点。描述了一种用于形成星载RTS出口帧的数据的方法以及传输到地球的数据包中产生的冗余。考虑了两种消除冗余产生的方法:数据形成的自适应差分算法和基于余数构造定理的方法。自适应差分算法是一种数据分组传输的累加算法。它具有低噪声稳定性和信息传递滞后的特点。这些特点限制了它的适用性。为了控制或当发生紧急情况时,数据传输中的大延迟是不可接受的。该方法基于余数构造定理,其实质是将传输数据的动态范围减半。代替最初的2个n位字的测量,它除以2 n的余数,占用一半的位,被传输。基于该算法的冗余演绎,可以在事先知道测量参数在2 - 2 n的尺度上,任何两个后续测量值之间的差值不能大于2 n的情况下使用。
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引用次数: 2
Paradigm Shift in the Development of Innovative Products: from Disparate R&D to Full Life Cycle Digital Projects 创新产品开发的范式转换:从分散研发到全生命周期数字化项目
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2017.2.68
А. Romanov
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引用次数: 4
Method for Assessment of Integrity of High-Precision Navigational Sightings 高精度导航瞄准物完整性评估方法
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.2.3
V. V. Kurshin, A. Molokanov
. The article presents a method for assessing the integrity of high-precision navigation sightings of the consumer. The issues of the integrity of navigation, the factors affecting the accuracy of navigation are considered. The developed methodology uses methods of autonomous control of the integrity of the consumer, information on operational intrasystem GLONASS/GPS integrity monitoring, and the results of operational integrity monitoring from functional additions. On the basis of the algorithm of high-precision consumer navigation and corrective information from the augmentation and monitoring system (SAM) of navigational fields of global navigation satellite systems, experimental evaluations of the proposed methodology were carried out. The result of application of the developed methodology is an increase in the reliability of high-precision navigation sightings, the establishment of the fact of switching to the high-precision navigation mode, and reducing the time of notification of the consumer about violation of navigation integrity.
. 本文提出了一种评估消费者高精度导航目击完整性的方法。考虑了导航的完整性、影响导航精度的因素等问题。开发的方法使用了消费者完整性的自主控制方法,系统内GLONASS/GPS完整性监测的操作信息,以及功能添加的操作完整性监测结果。基于高精度消费者导航算法和全球导航卫星系统导航场增强与监测系统(SAM)的校正信息,对所提方法进行了实验评估。该方法的应用结果是提高了高精度导航瞄准的可靠性,建立了切换到高精度导航模式的事实,减少了消费者对违反导航完整性的通知时间。
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引用次数: 0
Probabilistic Model of Satellite Radio Communication Channel at Small Elevation Angles 卫星无线电通信信道小仰角概率模型
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.2.38
V. Zvonarev, I. A. Karabelnikov, I.Yu. Paramonov, A. Popov
. The article presents a synthesized probabilistic model of a satellite radio channel with signal fading at small elevation angles in the form of a multidimensional reduced probability measure that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of therandom fading process. The model is the basis for calculating the characteristics of the receiving radio channel when fading occurs. The proposed model makes it possible to obtain numerical dependences of the probability of message transmission as indicators of the quality of communication from the dynamic characteristics of the fading process (correlation interval, duration and volume of messages, statistical parameters). Based on the synthesized probabilistic model, the influence of the ratio of the correlation interval to the communication session interval on the probability of a non-disruptive communication was determined and investigated. The probability of a seamless connection in a finite time interval is the probability that during this time the signal level does not fall below a specified threshold value. To calculate the probability of a non-disruptive communication, a general formula of the multidimensional probability density for Rayleigh fading statistics is derived and presented, taking into account the dynamic characteristics of the random fading process.
. 考虑随机衰落过程的动态特性,以多维降维概率测度的形式,建立了卫星无线电信道在小俯角处信号衰落的综合概率模型。该模型是计算接收信道发生衰落时的特性的基础。该模型可以从衰落过程的动态特征(相关间隔、消息的持续时间和数量、统计参数)中获得作为通信质量指标的消息传输概率的数值依赖关系。在综合概率模型的基础上,确定并研究了相关间隔与通信会话间隔之比对通信不中断概率的影响。在有限时间间隔内无缝连接的概率是指在此时间内信号电平不低于指定阈值的概率。为了计算不中断通信的概率,考虑随机衰落过程的动态特性,推导并给出了瑞利衰落统计多维概率密度的一般公式。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of the Spectral Efficiency and Noise Immunity of the Coherent Reception of an Unfading QBL–MSK Signal 无衰减QBL-MSK信号相干接收的频谱效率和抗扰度估计
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.2.29
V. Poddubnyy, V. Gribanov, K. Lozhkin, D. B. Sobolev, A. Petrenko, Yu. I. Poltavets
. The mathematical model of an unfading QBL–MSK signal, as well as the algorithms for its formation and reception are substantiated in the article. The energy spectrum of the QBL–MSK signal is found, and a methodical apparatus is developed in the form of analytical techniques and mathematical models for estimating the effectiveness of the Gaussian noise interference on a coherent receiver of this signal. A distinctive feature of the proposed methodologies and models is the consideration of intersymbol interference, which is specially introduced into the signal on the transmitting side in the process of leading edge smoothing of the transmitted packages. It is shown that the smoothing by a QBL-pulse provides a significant narrowing of the signal spectrum and some improvement in noise immunity of its reception.
. 本文建立了无衰减QBL-MSK信号的数学模型,并给出了该信号的形成和接收算法。发现了QBL-MSK信号的能谱,并以分析技术和数学模型的形式开发了一个系统的仪器,用于估计高斯噪声干扰对该信号的相干接收器的有效性。所提出的方法和模型的一个显著特点是考虑了码间干扰,这种干扰在传输包的前缘平滑过程中特别引入到发射端信号中。结果表明,qbl脉冲的平滑使信号频谱明显收窄,并在一定程度上提高了信号接收的抗噪性。
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引用次数: 1
Development of a Stable Differential-Equisignal Method for Spacecraft Autotracking with a Digital Antenna Array 基于数字天线阵列的航天器自动跟踪稳定微分等信号方法研究
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2017.2.43
S. I. Vatutin
. By analyzing the possible implementations of equisignal and differential methods for spacecraft autotracking in a previ-ously suggested broadband digital antenna array, a differential-equisignal autotracking method stable in a wide parameter range was developed. When autotracking by elevation, this method suggests an electronic displacement of the sum beam of the near and far half of the antenna field, determination of a difference signal for each half, calculation of the difference of the received deferential signals, which is the control signal for autotracking by elevation. By analogy, the control signal for autotracking by azimuth is the difference between the differential signals from the sum in the left and right halves of the antenna array. Diagrams for all the discussed methods are presented. The results of this article can be used to design digital antenna arrays.
. 通过分析等信号和差分方法在宽带数字天线阵列中实现航天器自动跟踪的可能性,提出了一种在大参数范围内稳定的差分等信号自动跟踪方法。当采用仰角自动跟踪时,该方法提出对天线场近、远两半的总波束进行电子位移,确定各半的差分信号,计算接收到的差分信号的差值,作为仰角自动跟踪的控制信号。以此类推,根据方位自动跟踪的控制信号是天线阵左右两半和的差分信号之差。给出了所有讨论方法的图解。本文的研究结果可用于数字天线阵列的设计。
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引用次数: 0
Features of Thematic Processing of Hyperspectral Information Received from the Resurs-P Spacecraft for the Monitoring Tasks and Detection of the Objects of Environment res - p航天器接收高光谱信息主题化处理的环境目标监测与探测特征
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2017.2.11
A. I. Strykov
The objective of the study is the improvement of the methods and algorithms of thematic processing of hyperspectral information received from the Resurs-P spacecraft using reference decoding characteristics. The proposed method of the analysis of the thematic processing has two directions. The first direction is used to identify the objects of the natural environment. The second direction provides monitoring tasks. In the first direction, the decoding characteristics, which help to detect the objects by means of decoding signs that are the functions of spectral characteristics of the objects, are created for each of the objects of interest and the objects that mask them. The second direction of the method employs a general system of decoding signs, which are the functions of the spectral characteristics of the objects. The paper studies the process of building the reference decoding values based on the spectral characteristics of the objects under monitoring. The obtained decoding values is a database for thematic decoding of space images. The main method defining the belonging to the reference object is a “Voting on the set of criteria”. Based on the developed technique of the thematic decoding of hyperspectral information, a processing program complex was developed on Delphi programming language. The evaluation of the complex in the detection mode using the materials of the Geoton equipment of the Resurs-P spacecraft was performed.
研究的目的是利用参考译码特性对reuss - p航天器接收的高光谱信息进行专题处理的方法和算法的改进。本文提出的主位加工分析方法有两个方向。第一个方向用于识别自然环境中的物体。第二个方向提供监视任务。在第一个方向上,解码特征是为每个感兴趣的物体和掩盖它们的物体创建的,它有助于通过解码符号(即物体光谱特征的函数)来检测物体。该方法的第二个方向采用解码符号的一般系统,这是对象的光谱特征的函数。本文研究了基于被监测对象的光谱特征构建参考解码值的过程。得到的解码值作为空间图像主题解码的数据库。定义引用对象所属的主要方法是“对一组标准进行投票”。在高光谱信息主题解码技术的基础上,利用Delphi编程语言开发了一个处理程序库。利用reuss - p航天器Geoton设备的材料,在探测模式下对该复合体进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Rocket-Space Device Engineering and Information Systems
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