The recovery of Ukraine's economy requires a systematic approach. Correlation analysis confirmed the high degree of dependence of Ukraine's GDP on the volume of agricultural products. The study of trends in the development of the industry revealed a number of problems: the predominance of economic goals over growing environmental threats, the production of products with low added value, high dependence on exports, and others. The creation of an agribusiness ecosystem has been proposed in the development of a strategy for post-war recovery. Innovative technologies of Industry 4.0 will make this transition more efficient. To evaluate the effectiveness of the created agribusiness ecosystem, an integral indicator of balanced development is proposed. Based on the analysis of the economic, environmental, social, innovative spheres, the application of four directions to evaluate the outcome for all actors of the agribusiness ecosystem is substantiated. This approach contributes to the overall recovery of the national economy.
{"title":"The agribusiness ecosystem as a way to a balanced recovery of the agrarian economy of Ukraine","authors":"N. Skorobogatova","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2023-0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2023-0110","url":null,"abstract":"The recovery of Ukraine's economy requires a systematic approach. Correlation analysis confirmed the high degree of dependence of Ukraine's GDP on the volume of agricultural products. The study of trends in the development of the industry revealed a number of problems: the predominance of economic goals over growing environmental threats, the production of products with low added value, high dependence on exports, and others. The creation of an agribusiness ecosystem has been proposed in the development of a strategy for post-war recovery. Innovative technologies of Industry 4.0 will make this transition more efficient. To evaluate the effectiveness of the created agribusiness ecosystem, an integral indicator of balanced development is proposed. Based on the analysis of the economic, environmental, social, innovative spheres, the application of four directions to evaluate the outcome for all actors of the agribusiness ecosystem is substantiated. This approach contributes to the overall recovery of the national economy.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70899544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taking into consideration the current developments as regards the intensification of the irregular movement of third country nationals at the EU’s border with Belarus, this paper sets as its main objective to assess the resilience building measures that were taken at the level of the affected Member States and that of the EU in order to manage the newly emerged border crisis. It is being argued that we are not dealing with an ordinary migration crisis, but a deliberate act of the Belarusian regime to instrumentalise migrants from the Middle East for political purposes. The research presents the facilitation of irregular immigration in a dual nexus, firstly as a hybrid warfare tool, and secondly, as a shock/stress factor disturbing the system or the prevalent status quo. After presenting the statistics on the modification of the illegal border-crossings between Belarus and the EU in the 2021-2022 period, we shall attempt to briefly analyse the resilience building measures to the hybrid threat of weaponizing migrants that were taken at both Community and Member State level, by grouping them in five resilience building categories: political/legal, institutional, inter-institutional, regulatory and societal.
{"title":"The EU’s resilience and the management of hybrid threats coming from the Eastern neighbourhood: Belarus and the deliberate facilitation of irregular immigration","authors":"Edina Lilla Mészárosa, Constantin-Vasile Toca","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2023-0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2023-0101","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into consideration the current developments as regards the intensification of the irregular movement of third country nationals at the EU’s border with Belarus, this paper sets as its main objective to assess the resilience building measures that were taken at the level of the affected Member States and that of the EU in order to manage the newly emerged border crisis. It is being argued that we are not dealing with an ordinary migration crisis, but a deliberate act of the Belarusian regime to instrumentalise migrants from the Middle East for political purposes. The research presents the facilitation of irregular immigration in a dual nexus, firstly as a hybrid warfare tool, and secondly, as a shock/stress factor disturbing the system or the prevalent status quo. After presenting the statistics on the modification of the illegal border-crossings between Belarus and the EU in the 2021-2022 period, we shall attempt to briefly analyse the resilience building measures to the hybrid threat of weaponizing migrants that were taken at both Community and Member State level, by grouping them in five resilience building categories: political/legal, institutional, inter-institutional, regulatory and societal.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70899044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has generally affected the attitudes, behaviors, and lifestyles of people and states. Although there is still no definitive position on the causes of the new species from the coronavirus family, there have been articles and discussions leading to the blaming of Chinese cultural tradition of eating the meat of bats - mammals which were also considered by scientists as potential transmitters of SARS-CoV-2. To measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the changing attitudes towards the doctrine of cultural relativism, in anthropological and sociological terms and state sovereignty in political terms, respondents from several Western Balkan countries, such as Kosovo, Albania, Serbia, Northern Macedonia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina answered a series of questions. The research findings show that changing the attitudes towards cultural relativism and state sovereignty is significantly dependent on bilateral relations between the Western Balkan nations with Chinese Foreign Policy rather than the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Effects of Covid-19 on cultural relativism and state sovereignty","authors":"Avni Rudaku, Selim Daku","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2023-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2023-0111","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has generally affected the attitudes, behaviors, and lifestyles of people and states. Although there is still no definitive position on the causes of the new species from the coronavirus family, there have been articles and discussions leading to the blaming of Chinese cultural tradition of eating the meat of bats - mammals which were also considered by scientists as potential transmitters of SARS-CoV-2. To measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the changing attitudes towards the doctrine of cultural relativism, in anthropological and sociological terms and state sovereignty in political terms, respondents from several Western Balkan countries, such as Kosovo, Albania, Serbia, Northern Macedonia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina answered a series of questions. The research findings show that changing the attitudes towards cultural relativism and state sovereignty is significantly dependent on bilateral relations between the Western Balkan nations with Chinese Foreign Policy rather than the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70899596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
No matter what objectives International Organizations pursue, they gather and disseminate data, act as a platform for cooperation and information exchange, project specific norms onto member states and international community, establish and supervise the compliance with certain rules and constantly communicate with different actors. Communication is a process that is vital for the existence and functioning of IOs, as well as for their public diplomacy. The essence of public diplomacy is to communicate directly with foreign audiences, to influence public opinion and perceptions of specific problems or events. This article provides descriptive qualitative analysis of International Organizations’ communication process in Political Science, Public relations, and Communication Theory. The main goal is to understand how different elements of communication are defined and explained in various schools of research, how the communication of IOs is different from other types of communication and to provide new definition of Communication of International Organizations.
{"title":"External communication of international organisations: theoretical and practical aspects in the context of public diplomacy","authors":"H. Palamarchuk, Kostiantyn Polishchuk","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2023-0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2023-0112","url":null,"abstract":"No matter what objectives International Organizations pursue, they gather and disseminate data, act as a platform for cooperation and information exchange, project specific norms onto member states and international community, establish and supervise the compliance with certain rules and constantly communicate with different actors. Communication is a process that is vital for the existence and functioning of IOs, as well as for their public diplomacy. The essence of public diplomacy is to communicate directly with foreign audiences, to influence public opinion and perceptions of specific problems or events. This article provides descriptive qualitative analysis of International Organizations’ communication process in Political Science, Public relations, and Communication Theory. The main goal is to understand how different elements of communication are defined and explained in various schools of research, how the communication of IOs is different from other types of communication and to provide new definition of Communication of International Organizations.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70899676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent decades, the business landscape is influenced by corruption, a pervasive phenomenon, faced by all countries, irrespective of their stage of development. The pharmaceutical industry is recognized as a “fertile ground” for corrupt practices. The paper aims to investigate the impact of corruption, economic freedom, and gross domestic product (GDP) growth on research and development (R&D) investment using a dataset of European Union (EU) pharmaceutical companies from 2011 to 2019. It also investigates the moderating effect of liquidity issues on the relationship between corruption and R&D investment. The study employs a quantitative approach using fixed effects models. Results show that corruption has a negative influence on pharmaceutical firms’ decision to undertake R&D activities, while economic freedom and GDP growth have a positive and significant impact on R&D investment. The findings are especially important given the deleterious effects of corruption and may be useful for both managers and policy-makers.
{"title":"Macroeconomic factors, liquidity issues and research and development investments: empirical evidence from the EU pharmaceutical industry","authors":"Mihaela Curea, Iulia Ungureanu, M. Mironiuc","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2023-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2023-0113","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, the business landscape is influenced by corruption, a pervasive phenomenon, faced by all countries, irrespective of their stage of development. The pharmaceutical industry is recognized as a “fertile ground” for corrupt practices. The paper aims to investigate the impact of corruption, economic freedom, and gross domestic product (GDP) growth on research and development (R&D) investment using a dataset of European Union (EU) pharmaceutical companies from 2011 to 2019. It also investigates the moderating effect of liquidity issues on the relationship between corruption and R&D investment. The study employs a quantitative approach using fixed effects models. Results show that corruption has a negative influence on pharmaceutical firms’ decision to undertake R&D activities, while economic freedom and GDP growth have a positive and significant impact on R&D investment. The findings are especially important given the deleterious effects of corruption and may be useful for both managers and policy-makers.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70899774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the impulse reaction of five economic sectors to various monetary policy shocks under the currency board regime in Bulgaria. For that purpose, we have estimated five reduced form VAR models with quarterly data over the period 2001Q1 to 2019Q4 for the sectors of agriculture, manufacturing; construction; real estate, and trade, transport and accommodation activities. The relevant impulse response functions represent three monetary transmission channels, in particular via the overnight interbank market rate, the consumer price index and the real effective exchange rate. We found that there is strong heterogeneity between sectors response to the different monetary policy shocks even under a currency board regime. The differences in the reaction are both in terms of depth, direction and duration. The monetary policy has strong positive impact on construction, and to a lesser extent on manufacturing. The response of the agriculture; trade, transport and accommodation activities is rather negative especially in the long term.
{"title":"The currency board in Bulgaria and its impact on sectoral economic activity","authors":"Nikolay Peykov","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2022-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2022-0106","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impulse reaction of five economic sectors to various monetary policy shocks under the currency board regime in Bulgaria. For that purpose, we have estimated five reduced form VAR models with quarterly data over the period 2001Q1 to 2019Q4 for the sectors of agriculture, manufacturing; construction; real estate, and trade, transport and accommodation activities. The relevant impulse response functions represent three monetary transmission channels, in particular via the overnight interbank market rate, the consumer price index and the real effective exchange rate. We found that there is strong heterogeneity between sectors response to the different monetary policy shocks even under a currency board regime. The differences in the reaction are both in terms of depth, direction and duration. The monetary policy has strong positive impact on construction, and to a lesser extent on manufacturing. The response of the agriculture; trade, transport and accommodation activities is rather negative especially in the long term.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70896230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this article is to investigate the crisis communication narratives and how the European authorities approached the task of communicating uncertainty during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using the critical discourse analysis approach, the study explores how the legitimization of the EU's response was discursively built and if there was a distinction between uncertainty information and uncertainty experience in terms of crisis communication. To answer the question: what are the best ways for institutions to communicate uncertainties to public audiences in order to benefit from legitimization and trust for their actions? We analysed the official communication of the EU, namely the discourses and press statements by the President of the European Commission. The data were processed with Atlas.ti 8 and generated the points under discussion - correlations, narratives, linguistic recurrences, dynamics of main themes, and deconstruction of uncertainty. The study's findings support the importance of separating between uncertainty information and uncertainty experience and the continuity of message lines.
{"title":"Communicating uncertainty in times of crisis. The legitimization of EU's response to COVID-19 pandemic through the discourse used by the President of the European Commission","authors":"Maria Corina Barbaros","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2022-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2022-0108","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to investigate the crisis communication narratives and how the European authorities approached the task of communicating uncertainty during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using the critical discourse analysis approach, the study explores how the legitimization of the EU's response was discursively built and if there was a distinction between uncertainty information and uncertainty experience in terms of crisis communication. To answer the question: what are the best ways for institutions to communicate uncertainties to public audiences in order to benefit from legitimization and trust for their actions? We analysed the official communication of the EU, namely the discourses and press statements by the President of the European Commission. The data were processed with Atlas.ti 8 and generated the points under discussion - correlations, narratives, linguistic recurrences, dynamics of main themes, and deconstruction of uncertainty. The study's findings support the importance of separating between uncertainty information and uncertainty experience and the continuity of message lines.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70896550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalia Vinogradova, Elena Aculai, Vladislav Boldurat
{"title":"Women’s entrepreneurship in the Republic of Moldova: special needs and policy priorities","authors":"Natalia Vinogradova, Elena Aculai, Vladislav Boldurat","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2022-0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2022-0204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Montenegro and Serbia are on track to join the EU, followed by other Western Balkan countries. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate these countries’ economic integration maturity. The analysis covers the period between 2006 and 2019. The main questions concern the evolution of Western Balkan countries during the last 15 years, the results that have already been achieved, and the weakest points of their potential accession. The paper suggests that, although these countries are about to fulfil the economic criteria, they are not fully prepared to join the EU from an economic perspective as they face significant challenges in terms of integration maturity. To endorse this suggestion, the paper forms a new composite indicator to provide a comprehensive understanding of the recent development of these countries’ functioning market economy, competitiveness, macroeconomic stability, convergence, and financing ability. Results can contribute to the integration theory and enlargement decision-making.
{"title":"A composite indicator for economic integration maturity: the case of Western Balkan countries","authors":"V. Endrődi-Kovács, Oleg Tankovsky","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2022-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2022-0107","url":null,"abstract":"Montenegro and Serbia are on track to join the EU, followed by other Western Balkan countries. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate these countries’ economic integration maturity. The analysis covers the period between 2006 and 2019. The main questions concern the evolution of Western Balkan countries during the last 15 years, the results that have already been achieved, and the weakest points of their potential accession. The paper suggests that, although these countries are about to fulfil the economic criteria, they are not fully prepared to join the EU from an economic perspective as they face significant challenges in terms of integration maturity. To endorse this suggestion, the paper forms a new composite indicator to provide a comprehensive understanding of the recent development of these countries’ functioning market economy, competitiveness, macroeconomic stability, convergence, and financing ability. Results can contribute to the integration theory and enlargement decision-making.","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70896479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article reviews current housing mobility patterns in Hungary, with specific regard to relocations within the rental sector and mobility from the owner occupied to the rental sector. By doing this, it intends to gain a more profound insight into housing mobility within or into less secure positions in the housing system. The analysis explores the role of factors beyond basic socioeconomic variables, such as access to different sources of housing finance, to housing mobility, through multivariable analysis of representative survey data. It points out how the lack of access to intergenerational transfers, savings, and mortgage leads to the inability of households to exit the rental sector. Besides, it draws attention to formerly mortgaged households moving from homeownership to the rental sector. It discusses the results in the context of Hungary’s super-homeownership tenure structure, the highly ownership-oriented public policies, the lack of effective measures to tackle housing unaffordability and the loosely regulated rental sector. The analysis is based on data from a large sample personal survey conducted in 2018 (N=2650).
{"title":"No money, no housing security? The role of intergenerational transfers, savings, and mortgage in mobility within and into insecure housing positions in Hungary","authors":"A. Csizmady, Ágnes Győri, Lea Kőszeghy","doi":"10.47743/ejes-2022-0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2022-0110","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews current housing mobility patterns in Hungary, with specific regard to relocations within the rental sector and mobility from the owner occupied to the rental sector. By doing this, it intends to gain a more profound insight into housing mobility within or into less secure positions in the housing system. The analysis explores the role of factors beyond basic socioeconomic variables, such as access to different sources of housing finance, to housing mobility, through multivariable analysis of representative survey data. It points out how the lack of access to intergenerational transfers, savings, and mortgage leads to the inability of households to exit the rental sector. Besides, it draws attention to formerly mortgaged households moving from homeownership to the rental sector. It discusses the results in the context of Hungary’s super-homeownership tenure structure, the highly ownership-oriented public policies, the lack of effective measures to tackle housing unaffordability and the loosely regulated rental sector. The analysis is based on data from a large sample personal survey conducted in 2018 (N=2650).","PeriodicalId":43713,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70896780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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