James R. Doty led the PCAOB from 2011 to 2018. His tenure began shortly after the PCAOB withstood a constitutional challenge to its existence and in the aftermath of the Great Recession. Under his leadership, the PCAOB expanded the international reach of its inspection program through co-operative agreements with foreign regulators, the auditor’s reporting model was enhanced to provide more information to investors, and information about the engagement partner and other firms involved in audits are now required to be disclosed. Doty also brought economic analysis to bear on the PCAOB’s standard-setting process. Before Doty was appointed to the PCAOB, he was a Rhodes Scholar, a graduate of Yale Law School, a partner in the international law firm of Baker Botts, and General Counsel at the Securities and Exchange Commission.
James R. Doty于2011年至2018年领导PCAOB。他的任期开始不久，PCAOB经受住了对其存在的宪法挑战，同时也是大衰退的余波。在他的领导下，PCAOB通过与外国监管机构的合作协议扩大了其检查项目的国际范围，审计师的报告模式得到了改进，向投资者提供了更多信息，有关参与审计的合作伙伴和其他公司的信息现在被要求披露。多蒂还对PCAOB的标准制定过程进行了经济分析。在Doty被任命为PCAOB之前，他是Rhodes Scholar, Yale Law School的毕业生，国际律师事务所Baker Botts的合伙人，以及证券交易委员会的总法律顾问。
{"title":"James R. Doty, PCAOB Chairman: 2011–2018","authors":"J. D. Keyser","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2023-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2023-017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 James R. Doty led the PCAOB from 2011 to 2018. His tenure began shortly after the PCAOB withstood a constitutional challenge to its existence and in the aftermath of the Great Recession. Under his leadership, the PCAOB expanded the international reach of its inspection program through co-operative agreements with foreign regulators, the auditor’s reporting model was enhanced to provide more information to investors, and information about the engagement partner and other firms involved in audits are now required to be disclosed. Doty also brought economic analysis to bear on the PCAOB’s standard-setting process. Before Doty was appointed to the PCAOB, he was a Rhodes Scholar, a graduate of Yale Law School, a partner in the international law firm of Baker Botts, and General Counsel at the Securities and Exchange Commission.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is charged with enforcing the U.S. tax code and has historically fulfilled this charge efficiently. The IRS is among the most cost-effective government agencies, costing just 33 cents for each $100 it collects (Internal Revenue Service (IRS) 2021a). The effectiveness of the agency is associated with factors like a relatively high voluntary compliance rate and the use of technology to improve audits and enhance taxpayer service. Technology-supported audits have dual roles; they increase perceived detection, which deters noncompliance, and they increase actual detection, which identifies noncompliers; both roles help to improve revenue collection. Technology-supported taxpayer service increases the cost-efficiency of the agency and taxpayer satisfaction. This study provides a historical overview of the computerization of the IRS, noting obstacles, like budget constraints, politicization of the agency, historically short leadership tenure, risks associated with private-sector contracts, and taxpayer privacy concerns.
{"title":"A Historical Overview of the Computerization of the Internal Revenue Service","authors":"Erica L. Neuman","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2022-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2022-014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is charged with enforcing the U.S. tax code and has historically fulfilled this charge efficiently. The IRS is among the most cost-effective government agencies, costing just 33 cents for each $100 it collects (Internal Revenue Service (IRS) 2021a). The effectiveness of the agency is associated with factors like a relatively high voluntary compliance rate and the use of technology to improve audits and enhance taxpayer service. Technology-supported audits have dual roles; they increase perceived detection, which deters noncompliance, and they increase actual detection, which identifies noncompliers; both roles help to improve revenue collection. Technology-supported taxpayer service increases the cost-efficiency of the agency and taxpayer satisfaction. This study provides a historical overview of the computerization of the IRS, noting obstacles, like budget constraints, politicization of the agency, historically short leadership tenure, risks associated with private-sector contracts, and taxpayer privacy concerns.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"More than 50 Years in Accountancy: Reminiscences of Larry Dennis","authors":"W. Black","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2023-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2023-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47109127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement 159 to provide entities the discretion to select financial instruments to be measured at fair value in the balance sheet. Entities quickly identified an opportunity to exploit Statement 159’s transition provisions to transfer unrealized losses directly to stockholders’ equity, bypassing the income statement. This paper describes the events surrounding the issuance of Statement 159 and examines the reasons why the FASB issued a standard that had the potential to reduce financial statement comparability and provide a mechanism for earnings manipulation. The paper contributes to historical research in three areas: convergence of U.S. GAAP with IFRS, changes in accounting standards, and the FASB’s Conceptual Framework.
{"title":"Statement 159 and the Intersection of Convergence, Reliability, and Comparability","authors":"J. D. Keyser","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2021-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2021-027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement 159 to provide entities the discretion to select financial instruments to be measured at fair value in the balance sheet. Entities quickly identified an opportunity to exploit Statement 159’s transition provisions to transfer unrealized losses directly to stockholders’ equity, bypassing the income statement. This paper describes the events surrounding the issuance of Statement 159 and examines the reasons why the FASB issued a standard that had the potential to reduce financial statement comparability and provide a mechanism for earnings manipulation. The paper contributes to historical research in three areas: convergence of U.S. GAAP with IFRS, changes in accounting standards, and the FASB’s Conceptual Framework.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46242125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“The Accounting Profession and its Mission Forgotten” is an unpublished manuscript by E. Joe DeMaris (1919–2010). It is reproduced here with an introductory note. DeMaris was one of the more prominent individuals among his generation of accounting academics, administrators, and observers of the accounting profession. The manuscript investigates the development of the accounting profession from the 17th century in Great Britain to the 20th century in the United States. The manuscript was written in 1997 and foreshadows several events of the 21st century, such as the tension arising from the cross-selling of consulting services to audit clients, the auditor capture that brought down Arthur Andersen, and the failure of “trickle-down economics” to bring about economic prosperity for the masses. Contemporary readers will find DeMaris’ manuscript pertinent as we reflect on the 50th anniversary of the Academy of Accounting Historians and consider the role of accounting in the 21st century. JEL Classifications: M41; M42; M48.
《会计职业及其被遗忘的使命》是E. Joe DeMaris(1919-2010)未发表的手稿。现将其转载，并附介绍性说明。DeMaris是他那一代会计学者、管理人员和会计专业观察家中比较突出的人物之一。这份手稿调查了从17世纪的英国到20世纪的美国会计职业的发展。这份手稿写于1997年，预示了21世纪的几个事件，比如咨询服务向审计客户交叉销售所引发的紧张关系，导致安达信倒闭的审计师被捕事件，以及“涓滴经济学”未能为大众带来经济繁荣。当代读者会发现DeMaris的手稿在我们反思会计历史学家学院50周年纪念日和考虑会计在21世纪的作用时是相关的。JEL分类:M41;M42;M48。
{"title":"E. Joe DeMaris on the Accounting Profession and its Forgotten Mission","authors":"Martin E. Persson, E. J. Demaris","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2022-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2022-026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “The Accounting Profession and its Mission Forgotten” is an unpublished manuscript by E. Joe DeMaris (1919–2010). It is reproduced here with an introductory note. DeMaris was one of the more prominent individuals among his generation of accounting academics, administrators, and observers of the accounting profession. The manuscript investigates the development of the accounting profession from the 17th century in Great Britain to the 20th century in the United States. The manuscript was written in 1997 and foreshadows several events of the 21st century, such as the tension arising from the cross-selling of consulting services to audit clients, the auditor capture that brought down Arthur Andersen, and the failure of “trickle-down economics” to bring about economic prosperity for the masses. Contemporary readers will find DeMaris’ manuscript pertinent as we reflect on the 50th anniversary of the Academy of Accounting Historians and consider the role of accounting in the 21st century.\u0000 JEL Classifications: M41; M42; M48.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44825384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This note relates and discusses the financial reporting innovation in the 1990s by AirTouch Communications, Inc., a wireless telephone service provider. The innovation was intended to show the parent company’s proportionate ownership share of its subsidiaries’ and joint ventures’ operations, restating key figures from the income statement and operating cash flow. The author corresponded with AirTouch’s then chief financial officer (CFO) for an explanation of the reasoning behind the innovation. Another issue that this note addresses is the opinion given by the audit firm on supplemental disclosures that depart from GAAP.
{"title":"AirTouch Communications’ Innovative Disclosure: “Proportionate Financial Data”","authors":"S. Zeff","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2022-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2022-024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This note relates and discusses the financial reporting innovation in the 1990s by AirTouch Communications, Inc., a wireless telephone service provider. The innovation was intended to show the parent company’s proportionate ownership share of its subsidiaries’ and joint ventures’ operations, restating key figures from the income statement and operating cash flow. The author corresponded with AirTouch’s then chief financial officer (CFO) for an explanation of the reasoning behind the innovation. Another issue that this note addresses is the opinion given by the audit firm on supplemental disclosures that depart from GAAP.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49591511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent comments on the FASB preference for the asset-liability focus in its conceptual framework motivate this historical perspective on the early accounting tension between it and the alternative revenue-expense focus. The commentary identifies and reviews significant pre-1980s studies indicative of focus preference and finds pre-FASB lack of consensus on the issue. The commentary concludes that this lack of consensus will continue in the absence of a coherent body of abstract knowledge that is capable of giving professional authority to mandated accounting standards.
{"title":"On the Asset-Liability, Revenue-Expense Tension in Financial Accounting","authors":"Thomas A. Lee","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2023-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2023-003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent comments on the FASB preference for the asset-liability focus in its conceptual framework motivate this historical perspective on the early accounting tension between it and the alternative revenue-expense focus. The commentary identifies and reviews significant pre-1980s studies indicative of focus preference and finds pre-FASB lack of consensus on the issue. The commentary concludes that this lack of consensus will continue in the absence of a coherent body of abstract knowledge that is capable of giving professional authority to mandated accounting standards.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45324461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accounting through the Eyes of a Witness, 1973–2022","authors":"G. Carnegie","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2022-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2022-023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41798488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The late 1880s saw the rise of early public accounting practice in the United States and the origin of emerging national firms, one of which was Barrow, Wade, Guthrie & Co. (BWG). BWG served a broad range of clients, from railroads to breweries, and a variety of financial and other commercial enterprises. This project was started as a search for the answer to a mystery surrounding early audit reports and then developed into a history of BWG from its origin until the merger with Peat Marwick in 1950. Throughout its existence, BWG was at the forefront of the trends in public accounting practice. The firm and its employees were leaders in all aspects of the developing CPA profession. The paper contributes to historical literature and advances the understanding of the earliest periods of public practice by emerging public accounting firms.
{"title":"The History and Mystery of the Public Accounting Firm of Barrow, Wade, Guthrie & Co. (1883–1950)","authors":"Tonya K. Flesher, D. L. Flesher, G. Previts","doi":"10.2308/aahj-2022-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/aahj-2022-001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The late 1880s saw the rise of early public accounting practice in the United States and the origin of emerging national firms, one of which was Barrow, Wade, Guthrie & Co. (BWG). BWG served a broad range of clients, from railroads to breweries, and a variety of financial and other commercial enterprises. This project was started as a search for the answer to a mystery surrounding early audit reports and then developed into a history of BWG from its origin until the merger with Peat Marwick in 1950. Throughout its existence, BWG was at the forefront of the trends in public accounting practice. The firm and its employees were leaders in all aspects of the developing CPA profession. The paper contributes to historical literature and advances the understanding of the earliest periods of public practice by emerging public accounting firms.","PeriodicalId":43735,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Historians Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42911988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：