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Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta Seriya 10 Prikladnaya Matematika Informatika Protsessy Upravleniya最新文献

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The method of successive approximations for constructing a model of dynamic polynomial regression 构造动态多项式回归模型的逐次逼近方法
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.404
Anna Golovkina, V. Kozynchenko, Ilia S. Klimenko
Predicting the behavior of a certain process in time is an important task that arises in many applied areas, and information about the system that generated this process can either be completely absent or be partially limited. The only available knowledge is the accumulated data on past states and process parameters. Such a task can be successfully solved using machine learning methods, but when it comes to modeling physical experiments or areas where the ability of a model to generalize and interpretability of predictions are important, then the most machine learning methods do not fully satisfy these requirements. The forecasting problem is solved by building a dynamic polynomial regression model, and a method for finding its coefficients is proposed, based on the connection with dynamic systems. Thus, the constructed model corresponds to a deterministic process, potentially described by differential equations, and the relationship between its parameters can be expressed in an analytical form. As an illustration of the applicability of the proposed approach to solving forecasting problems, we consider a synthetic data set generated as a numerical solution of a system of differential equations that describes the Van der Pol oscillator.
及时预测某个过程的行为是许多应用领域中出现的一项重要任务,而产生该过程的系统的信息可能完全缺失或部分受限。唯一可用的知识是过去状态和工艺参数的累积数据。这样的任务可以使用机器学习方法成功解决,但是当涉及到物理实验建模或模型的泛化能力和预测的可解释性很重要的领域时,大多数机器学习方法并不能完全满足这些要求。通过建立动态多项式回归模型来解决预测问题,并基于与动态系统的联系,提出了一种求其系数的方法。因此,构建的模型对应于一个确定性过程,可能由微分方程描述,其参数之间的关系可以用解析形式表示。为了说明所提出的方法对解决预测问题的适用性,我们考虑作为描述范德波尔振荡器的微分方程系统的数值解生成的合成数据集。
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引用次数: 0
Equilibrium in the problem of choosing the meeting time for N persons N人会议时间选择问题的均衡性
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.405
V. Mazalov, Vladimir V. Yashin
A game-theoretic model of competitive decision on a meet time is considered. There are n players who are negotiating the meeting time. The objective is to find a meet time that satisfies all participants. The players' utilities are represented by linear unimodal functions ui(x), x∈ [0, 1], i=1,2,...,n. The maximum values of the utility functions are located at the points i/(n-1), i=0,...,n-1. Players take turns 1 → 2→ 3 → ...→ (n-1) → n → 1→... . Players can indefinitely insist on a profitable solution for themselves. To prevent this from happening, a discounting factor δ is greater than 1 is introduced to limit the duration of negotiations. We will assume that after each negotiation session, the utility functions of all players will decrease proportionally to δ. Thus, if the players have not come to a decision before time t, then at time t their utilities are represented by the functions δt-1ui(x), i = 1, 2,..., n. We will look for a solution in the class of stationary strategies, when it is assumed that the decisions of the players will not change during the negotiation time, i. e. the player i will make the same offer at step i and at subsequent steps n+i, 2n+i, ... . This will allow us to limit ourselves to considering the chain of sentences 1 → 2 → 3 → ... →(n-1) → n→ 1. We will use the method of backward induction. To do this, assume that player n is looking for his best responce, knowing player 1's proposal, then player (n-1) is looking for his best responce, knowing player n's solution, etc. In the end, we find the best responce of the player 1, and it should coincide with his offer at the beginning of the procedure. Thus, the reasoning in the method of backward induction has the form 1 ← 2← 3← ... ←(n-1)← n← 1. The subgame perfect equilibrium in the class of stationary strategies is found in analytical form. It is shown that when δ changes from 1 to 0, the optimal offer of player 1 changes from 1/2 to 1. That is, when the value of δ is close to 1, the players have a lot of time to negotiate, so the offer of player 1 should be fair to everyone. If the discounting factor is close to 0, the utilities of the players decreases rapidly and they must quickly make a decision that is beneficial to player 1.
考虑了一个会议时间竞争决策的博弈论模型。有n个玩家在协商会议时间。目标是找到一个满足所有参与者的见面时间。玩家的效用用线性单峰函数ui(x)表示,x∈[0,1],i=1,2,…,n。效用函数的最大值位于点i/(n-1), i=0,…,n-1。玩家轮流1→2→3→…→(n-1)→n→1→... .玩家可以无限期地为自己坚持一个有利可图的解决方案。为了防止这种情况发生,引入一个大于1的折现因子δ来限制谈判的持续时间。我们将假设在每次谈判之后,所有参与者的效用函数将成比例地减小到δ。因此,如果参与者在时间t之前没有做出决定,那么在时间t时,他们的效用由函数δt-1ui(x)表示,i = 1,2,…, n。我们将在平稳策略类中寻找一个解,当假设参与人的决策在谈判时间内不会改变,即参与人i在步骤i和后续步骤n+i, 2n+i, ... .给出相同的报价这将允许我们把自己限制在考虑句子链1→2→3→…→(n-1)→n→1。我们将使用逆向归纳法。要做到这一点,假设参与人n正在寻找他的最佳对策,知道参与人1的建议,然后参与人(n-1)正在寻找他的最佳对策,知道参与人n的解决方案,等等。最后,我们找到参与人1的最佳对策,它应该与程序开始时的提议一致。因此,逆向归纳法中的推理形式为1←2←3←…←(n-1)←n←1。用解析的形式找到了一类平稳策略的子博弈完全均衡。结果表明,当δ从1变为0时,参与人1的最优报价从1/2变为1。也就是说,当δ值接近1时,参与人有很多时间进行谈判,因此参与人1的出价应该对每个人都公平。如果折现系数接近于0,则参与者的效用迅速下降,他们必须迅速做出有利于参与者1的决策。
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引用次数: 1
The superposition method in the problem of bending of a thin isotropic plate clamped along the contour 沿轮廓夹持的各向同性薄板弯曲问题的叠加法
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.305
G. O. Alcybeev, Dmitriy P. Goloskokov, A. Matrosov
In this work, the general solution of the differential equation for the bending of a thin isotropic plate under the action of a normal load applied to its plane is constructed by the superposition method. The solutions obtained by the method of initial functions in the form of trigonometric series are taken as two solutions, each of which allows satisfying the boundary conditions on two opposite sides of the plate. Two ways of satisfying the boundary conditions of a clamped plate are studied: the method of expansion into trigonometric Fourier series and the collocation method. It is shown that both methods give the same results and sufficiently fast convergence of the solution at all points of the plate except for small neighborhoods of the corner points. The constructed solution made it possible to study the behavior of the shear force in the corner points. Computational experiments have shown that when keeping 390 terms in the trigonometric series of the solution, the shear force is close to zero, but not identically equal.
本文用叠加法构造了各向同性薄板在法向载荷作用下弯曲微分方程的通解。用三角级数形式的初值函数法得到的解作为两个解,每一个解都允许满足板的两个相对边的边界条件。研究了满足夹紧板边界条件的两种方法:三角傅里叶级数展开法和配点法。结果表明,两种方法均能得到相同的结果,并且除角点的小邻域外,两种方法的解在板的所有点上都具有足够快的收敛速度。构造的解使研究角点处剪力的行为成为可能。计算实验表明,当解的三角级数保持390项时,剪切力接近于零,但不完全相等。
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引用次数: 1
FAMILIES OF EMBEDDED METHODS OF ORDER SIX 六阶嵌入式方法族
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.209
I. V. Olemskoy, O. S. Firyulina, O. A. Tumka
In the paper embedded methods of order six, with seven stages for solving systems of ordinary differential equations, are derived. A family of Runge- Kutta methods, of order six with seven stages and having three free parameters, is presented. This family is extended in two different ways with embedded methods to form families of embedded method pairs. Numerical comparison is given for certain examples of the embedded pairs from the constructed families.
本文导出了求解常微分方程组的六阶七阶嵌入式方法。给出了一类六阶、七阶、三个自由参数的Runge- Kutta方法。这个家族通过嵌入方法以两种不同的方式进行扩展,形成嵌入方法对的家族。对构造族中嵌入对的若干实例进行了数值比较。
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引用次数: 0
On the determination of spacetime geometry 论时空几何的确定
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.302
O. Drivotin
A new approach allowing to determine the metric tensor in various points of the spacetime is proposed. Such approach gives an opportunity to investigate the simultaneity of events not only locally, but also globally, without using of the synchronization procedure, traditionally applied in the theory of the spacetime. On the base of the method of simultaineity determination described in the article, it is possible to construct broad classes of reference frames. As an example, a reference frame is considered, all ovservers of which move with the same arbitrarily changing velocity along some direction.
提出了一种确定时空各点度规张量的新方法。这种方法提供了一个机会来研究事件的同时性,不仅在局部,而且在全局,而不使用同步过程,传统上应用于时空理论。在本文描述的同时性确定方法的基础上,可以构造大类参照系。作为一个例子,考虑一个参考系,它的所有顶点沿着某个方向以相同的任意变化的速度运动。
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引用次数: 0
Solution of a local boundary problem for a non-linear non-stationary system in the class of discrete controls 一类离散控制的非线性非平稳系统的局部边界问题的解
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.102
A. N. Kvitko, N. N. Litvinov
This article proposes an algorithm of construction for the discrete controlling function which is restricted by a norm and provides transition for the wide class of the systems of nonstationary nonlinear ordinary differential equations from the initial state to the setting final state. A constructive sufficient condition that provides this transition is obtained. Efficiency of the method is demonstrated by the solution of the robot-manipulator control problem and its numerical modeling.
本文提出了一种由范数约束的离散控制函数的构造算法,并为广泛的非平稳非线性常微分方程系统提供了从初始状态到设定最终状态的过渡。得到了提供这种转换的建设性充分条件。通过对机器人-机械手控制问题的求解及其数值建模,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the process of filling carbon nanocontainers with hydrogen 模拟用氢填充碳纳米容器的过程
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.307
N. Egorov, A. Vasilyev, T. Andreeva, M. Bedrina
The problem of storing and transporting hydrogen in containers based on fullerenes and carbon nanotubes is relevant to hydrogen energy. This problem theoretically can be solved using quantum chemistry methods and powerful computer technology to calculate molecules with a large number of atoms, polymers, nanostructures and nanotubes. It is necessary to create a theoretical model of the electromagnetic field in the cavity of fullerene molecules and nanotubes in order to understand how atoms and molecules of hydrogen or any other substances behave in it. Computer simulation of the filling process by hydrogen molecules fullerenes and nanotubes was performed by quantum mechanics methods DFT with GAUSSIAN 09 program.
基于富勒烯和碳纳米管的储氢容器的储运问题与氢能有关。利用量子化学方法和强大的计算机技术计算含有大量原子、聚合物、纳米结构和纳米管的分子,理论上可以解决这一问题。有必要建立一个富勒烯分子和纳米管腔内电磁场的理论模型,以便了解氢或任何其他物质的原子和分子在其中的行为。利用量子力学方法DFT和高斯09程序对氢分子、富勒烯和纳米管填充过程进行了计算机模拟。
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引用次数: 0
Two-stage network games modeling the Belt and Road Initiative 基于“一带一路”的两阶段网络博弈模型
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.107
Ping Suna, E. Parilina, Hongwei Gaob
Inspired by the Belt and Road Initiative, we introduce a model of two-stage network games, when players first form a directed network (the first stage) and then they may reconsider the actions made at the first stage and choose controls to influence other players in a positive or negative way (the second stage). At both stages players get their payoffs. Considering a cooperative version of the game, we examine the problem of subgame network consistency and design an imputation distribution procedure as a new system of stage payments to guarantee the long-term cooperation. The Shapley value with exogenous directed graph constraint is used as a cooperative solution concept. Finally, we prove that a cooperative subgame is convex which ensures the non-emptiness of the core.
受“一带一路”倡议的启发,我们引入了一个两阶段网络博弈模型,当参与者首先形成一个定向网络(第一阶段),然后他们可能会重新考虑在第一阶段所做的行动,并选择控制以积极或消极的方式影响其他玩家(第二阶段)。在这两个阶段,玩家都得到了回报。考虑到合作博弈,我们研究了子博弈网络的一致性问题,并设计了一种新的代入分配程序,作为保证长期合作的阶段支付制度。采用外生有向图约束的Shapley值作为合作解的概念。最后,我们证明了合作子对策是凸的,保证了核心的非空性。
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引用次数: 0
ON OPTIMAL DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED BIAXIAL BENDING AND AXIAL LOAD 双轴弯曲和轴向联合荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱的优化设计
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.203
A. Ibraheem, Y. Pronina
This paper presents a new procedure for designing rectangular columns subjected to combined biaxial bending and axial load. The new procedure is realized within a new comprehensive structural analysis software for building analysis and design. Compared to existing engineering packages, the new program does not require pre-setting the distribution of bars before designing and gives more detailed results: not only the required reinforcement amount, but also a distribution of bars of a certain diameter along the sides of the column section. The program starts by inserting four reinforcement bars into the corners of the column, and checks if this reinforcement bars provide required resistance to the applied loads. If the reinforced concrete column fails to withstand the applied loads, then the program increases the reinforcement by adding new bars and checks required resistance again. This process continues until the reinforced concrete column is able to withstand the applied loads. The proposed procedure is realized within following methods: (I) calculation of the so-called column capacity interaction volume using a large number of interaction curves (usually 24 curves); (II) the elliptical approximation of the column capacity interaction volume (the load contour equation). Within the second method, the program calculates two interaction curves only: the first curve is for an eccentric case in X direction and the second curve is for an eccentric case in Y direction. In both methods, the interaction curves are calculated according to American concrete institute standards. The use of the new procedure within the second method gives results very close to the first method (the most accurate), but it requires much less time for calculation. This is very important when designing large structures with multiple columns.
本文提出了一种设计双轴弯曲和轴向联合荷载作用下矩形柱的新方法。新的程序是在一个新的综合结构分析软件中实现的,用于建筑分析和设计。与现有的工程方案相比,新方案不需要在设计前预先设置筋的分布,并且给出了更详细的结果:不仅需要配筋量,而且还提供了沿柱截面两侧一定直径的筋的分布。该程序首先插入四根钢筋到柱子的角落,并检查这些钢筋是否提供了所需的抗载荷能力。如果钢筋混凝土柱无法承受所施加的载荷,则该程序通过添加新钢筋来增加钢筋,并再次检查所需的阻力。这个过程一直持续到钢筋混凝土柱能够承受施加的荷载。所提出的程序通过以下方法实现:(1)利用大量相互作用曲线(通常为24条曲线)计算所谓的柱容量相互作用体积;(二)柱容量相互作用体积的椭圆近似(荷载轮廓方程)。在第二种方法中,程序只计算两条相互作用曲线:第一条曲线用于X方向的偏心情况,第二条曲线用于Y方向的偏心情况。两种方法的相互作用曲线均按美国混凝土协会标准计算。在第二种方法中使用新程序的结果与第一种方法非常接近(最精确),但它需要的计算时间要少得多。这在设计多柱的大型结构时非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-purpose robotic arm control system 多用途机械臂控制系统
IF 0.6 Q4 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.415
M. Smirnova, M. N. Smirnov, N. Smirnov
The purpose of this work is to create methods and algorithms for the formation of multi-purpose automatic control systems for the robotic arm, as well as to develop specialized software for computer modeling of the developed algorithms on the example of a real robotic arm. The methods of forming multi-purpose automatic motion control systems for various objects are developed, and the features of using a multi-purpose structure for control dynamic objects are studied.
本工作的目的是为机械臂多用途自动控制系统的形成创造方法和算法,并以实际机械臂为例开发用于计算机建模的专用软件。研究了形成多目标自动运动控制系统的方法,研究了采用多目标结构控制动态对象的特点。
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引用次数: 0
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Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta Seriya 10 Prikladnaya Matematika Informatika Protsessy Upravleniya
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