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Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta Seriya 10 Prikladnaya Matematika Informatika Protsessy Upravleniya最新文献

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Method for the transformation of complex automatic control systems to integrable form 复杂自动控制系统转化为可积形式的方法
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.209
Аlexander M. Kamachkin, Dmitriy K. Рotaрov, V. V. Yevstafyeva
The article considers a class of automatic control systems that is described by a multi- dimensional system of ordinary dil'erential equations. The right hand-side of the system additively contains a linear part and the product of a control matrix by a vector that is the sum of a control vector and an external perturbation vector. The control vector is defined by a nonlinear function dependent on the product of a feedback matrix by a vector of current coordinates. The authors solve the problem of constructing a matrix of a nonsingular transformation, which leads the matrix of the linear part of the system to the Jordan normal form or the first natural normal form. The variables included in this transformation allow us to vary the system settings, which are the parameters of both the control matrix and the feedback matrix, as well as to convert the system to an integrable form. Integrable form is understood as a form in which the system can be integrated in a final form or reduced to a set of subsystems of lower orders. Furthermore, the sum of the subsystem orders is equal to the order of the original system. In the article, particular attention is paid to cases when the matrix of the linear part has complex conjugate eigenvalues, including multiple ones.
本文研究了一类自动控制系统,它可以用一个多维的常二阶方程系统来描述。系统的右侧加性地包含一个线性部分和一个控制矩阵与一个矢量的乘积,这个矢量是一个控制矢量和一个外部扰动矢量的和。控制向量由一个非线性函数定义,该非线性函数依赖于反馈矩阵与当前坐标向量的乘积。本文解决了构造非奇异变换矩阵的问题,该变换使系统线性部分的矩阵变成约当范式或第一自然范式。这个变换中包含的变量允许我们改变系统设置,即控制矩阵和反馈矩阵的参数,以及将系统转换为可积形式。可积形式被理解为系统可以以最终形式积分或简化为一组低阶子系统的形式。此外,子系统的阶数之和等于原系统的阶数。本文特别关注线性部分的矩阵具有复共轭特征值(包括多个共轭特征值)的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Bending of a ribbed plate under complex loading 肋板在复杂载荷下的弯曲
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.202
Dmitry Р. Goloskokov, Аlexander V. Matrosov
The article considers the problem of a rectangular plate, supported by a cross system of stiffening ribs, bending. In addition to the transverse load, the plate is subjected to forces in its plane, transmitted through the ribs. Аn analytical solution to the boundary value problem for the resolving differential equation with respect to the normal deflection of the plate, describing the deformation of a rectangular plate supported by stiffeners, is obtained. The solution is presented in the form of series in combinations of regular and special discontinuous functions, which converge quickly and lead to a simple computational algorithm. The influence of the ribs is taken into account in the equation in the form of additional terms containing factors with a delta function. This approach allows us to get rid of a number of assumptions regarding the interaction of the plate with its reinforcing elements. The use of the apparatus of generalized functions when modeling objects of this type simplifies the boundary conditions (there are no conditions for conjugation of various structural elements), but at the same time the differential equations become more complicated. The problem is reduced to the so-called partially degenerate equations. Development of analytical methods that allow obtaining exact solutions of differential equations of this type, and their introduction into computational practice, is one of the urgent tasks of the mechanics of objects with disturbed regularity.
本文研究了矩形板在加劲肋交叉支承下的弯曲问题。除了横向荷载外,板还受到其平面上通过肋传递的力。Аn得到了描述加劲板支承矩形板变形的关于板法向挠度的微分方程边值问题的解析解。该方法采用正则不连续函数和特殊不连续函数组合的级数形式,收敛速度快,计算算法简单。肋的影响在方程中以附加项的形式考虑,附加项包含带delta函数的因子。这种方法使我们能够摆脱关于板与其加强元件相互作用的许多假设。在对这类对象进行建模时,使用广义函数装置简化了边界条件(不存在各种结构单元的共轭条件),但同时微分方程也变得更加复杂。这个问题被简化为所谓的部分退化方程。发展能够得到这类微分方程精确解的解析方法,并将其引入计算实践,是具有扰动规则的物体力学的紧迫任务之一。
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引用次数: 0
Mathematical modeling of triode system on the basis of field emitter with ellipsoid shape 基于椭球形场发射极的三极管系统数学建模
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.203
N. V. Egorov, E. Vinogradova
In this paper the mathematical modeling of the triode emission axially symmetric system on the basis of field emitter is considered. Emitter is an ellipsoid of revolution, anode is a confocal ellipsoidal surface of revolution. Modulator is a part of the ellipsoidal surface of revolution, confocal with the cathode and anode surfaces. The boundary-value problem for the Laplace's equation in the prolate spheroidal coordinates with the boundary conditions of the first kind is solved. The variable separation method is applied to calculate the axisymmetrical electrostatic potential distribution. The potential distribution is represented as the Legendre functions expansion. The expansion coefficients are the solution of the system of linear equations. All geometrical dimensions of the system are the parameters of the problem.
本文考虑了基于场发射极的三极管轴对称发射系统的数学建模。发射极是一个旋转椭球面,阳极是一个共聚焦旋转椭球面。调制器是椭球面旋转的一部分,与阴极和阳极表面共聚焦。求解了具有第一类边界条件的广义球面坐标系下拉普拉斯方程的边值问题。采用变量分离法计算轴对称静电势分布。势分布表示为勒让德函数展开。展开系数是线性方程组的解。系统的所有几何尺寸都是问题的参数。
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引用次数: 0
Union and meet of an infinite number of type-2 fuzzy sets 无限个2型模糊集的并并与满足
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.201
O. Baskov
The article examines the infimum and supremum of an infinite number of fuzzy numbers. It is shown that familiar properties of these operations, which are valid for real numbers, may apply to fuzzy numbers only under certain conditions. А formula for computing the infimum and supremum of any set of fuzzy numbers is provided. Since the union and meet of type-2 fuzzy sets are defined via the infimum and supremum of fuzzy numbers, all the results obtained are applicable to these operations as well.
本文研究了无穷多个模糊数的最小值和最上值。证明了这些运算所具有的对实数有效的熟悉性质,仅在一定条件下才适用于模糊数。А给出了计算任意模糊数集的上限值的公式。由于二类模糊集的并集和满足是通过模糊数的极值和极值来定义的,所以所得到的结果同样适用于这些操作。
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引用次数: 0
Stability analysis of mechanical systems with distributed delay via decomposition 具有分布时滞的机械系统的分解稳定性分析
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/SPBU10.2021.102
A. Aleksandrov, A. Tikhonov
The article analyzes a linear mechanical system with a large parameter at the vector of velocity forces and a distributed delay in positional forces. With the aid of the decomposition method, conditions are obtained under which the problem of stability analysis of the original system of the second-order differential equations can be reduced to studying the stability of two auxiliary first-order subsystems. It should be noted that one of the auxiliary subsystems does not contain a delay, whereas for the second subsystem containing a distributed delay, the stability conditions are formulated in terms of the feasibility of systems of linear matrix inequalities. To substantiate this decomposition, the Lyapunov direct method is used. Special constructions of Lyapunov—Krasovskii functionals are proposed. The developed approach is applied to the problem of monoaxial stabilization of a rigid body. The results of a numerical simulation are presented confirming the conclusions obtained analytically.
本文分析了在速度力矢量上具有大参数和位置力分布时滞的线性机械系统。利用该分解方法,得到了将二阶微分方程原系统的稳定性分析问题简化为研究两个辅助一阶子系统的稳定性的条件。值得注意的是,其中一个辅助子系统不包含延迟,而对于包含分布式延迟的第二个子系统,稳定性条件是根据线性矩阵不等式系统的可行性来表示的。为了证实这种分解,使用了李亚普诺夫直接法。提出了Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函的特殊构造。该方法适用于刚体的单轴稳定问题。给出了数值模拟的结果,证实了解析得到的结论。
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引用次数: 2
Method of initial functions in analyses of the bending of a thin orthotropic plate clamped along the contour 正交各向异性薄板沿轮廓夹持弯曲分析的初始函数法
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.402
D. P. Goloskokov, A. Matrosov
In this paper, the method of initial functions (MIF) is used to solve the problem of bending an orthotropic plate clamped along all four sides, under the influence of a normal load uni- formly distributed over its surface. The solution is obtained in the form of an exponential series with unknown coefficients. The algorithm of the method is such that on two opposite sides the boundary conditions (equality to zero of displacements and angles of rotation) are satisfied exactly, while on a pair of two other opposite sides the boundary conditions are satisfied with an arbitrary degree of accuracy by the collocation method. All studies were carried out using the Maple analytical computing system. This system allows you to perform calculations with an arbitrary mantissa in the representation of real numbers. Calculations with a long mantissa overcome one of the main disadvantages of the MIF: the computational instability of its algorithm, which arises under certain parameters of the problem. The com- putational stability of the obtained solution is investigated, as well as the stress-strain state in the neighbourhood of the corner points of the plate. It is shown that the moments and shear forces tend to zero when approaching the corners of the plate with a single change in sign.
本文采用初始函数法(MIF)求解了沿四面夹持的正交各向异性板在均匀分布在其表面的法向载荷作用下的弯曲问题。解的形式是带未知系数的指数级数。该方法的算法是在两个相对的边上精确地满足边界条件(位移和转角等于零),而在另外两个相对的边上通过配置法以任意精度满足边界条件。所有研究均使用Maple分析计算系统进行。该系统允许您在实数表示中使用任意尾数执行计算。使用长尾数的计算克服了MIF的一个主要缺点:在问题的某些参数下,其算法的计算不稳定。研究了所得解的计算稳定性,以及板角点附近的应力-应变状态。结果表明,弯矩和剪力在接近板角时,随着符号的单一变化而趋于零。
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引用次数: 0
Calculation of the turbulent boundary layer of a flat plate 平板湍流边界层的计算
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.405
V. Pavlovsky, S. A. Kabrits
The calculation of the turbulent boundary layer is performed when a steady flow of a viscous fluid flows around a flat plate. The calculation is based on a system of equations of turbulent fluid motion, obtained by generalizing Newton’s formula for the tangential stress in a fluid by giving it a power-law form followed by writing the corresponding rheological relationship in tensor form and substituting it into the equation of motion of a continuous medium in stresses. The use of this system for the problem of longitudinal flow around a flat plate after estimates of the boundary layer form made it possible to write a system of equations describing a two-dimensional fluid flow in the boundary layer of a flat plate. This system is reduced to one ordinary third-order equation, similarly to how Blasius performed it for a laminar boundary layer. When solving this equation, the method of direct reduction of the boundary value problem to the Cauchy problem was used. The results of this solution made it possible to determine expressions for the thickness of the boundary layer, displacement and loss of momentum. These values are compared with the available experimental data.
紊流边界层的计算是在粘性流体绕平板稳定流动时进行的。计算是基于紊流运动的方程组,该方程组是通过将流体中切向应力的牛顿公式推广为幂律形式,然后以张量形式写出相应的流变关系,并将其代入连续介质的应力运动方程而得到的。在对边界层形式进行估计后,将该系统用于平板周围的纵向流动问题,使得编写描述平板边界层中二维流体流动的方程组成为可能。这个系统被简化为一个普通的三阶方程,类似于Blasius对层流边界层的处理。在求解该方程时,采用了边值问题直接化为柯西问题的方法。该解的结果使确定边界层厚度、位移和动量损失的表达式成为可能。这些值与现有的实验数据进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
An example of an internal function for the SPONGE scheme 海绵方案的一个内部函数的例子
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.306
R. Ospanov, Y. Seitkulov, N. Sissenov, Banu B. Yergalieva
The article discusses a new version of the internal function underlying the perspective modern scheme for constructing cryptographic hash functions Sponge (cryptographic sponge). The considered example of an internal function is similar to the Keccak permutation, but it has a number of main differences. The inner function operates on a 2048-bit state S, which can be viewed as a three-dimensional bit array of 4 x 8 x 64 size. The structure of the internal function is made up of 5 transformations similar to Keccak. However, firstly, in this example, instead of a 5-bit S-box, an 8-bit one is used. In this regard, the parameters of the three-dimensional representation of the state have been changed. Secondly, instead of a linear feedback shift register, a dictionary shift register with ring carry feedback is used to generate round constants. The properties of these transformations are analyzed in the work.
本文讨论了构建加密哈希函数海绵(cryptosponge)的透视现代方案的一个新版本的内部函数。所考虑的内部函数示例与Keccak排列类似,但它有许多主要区别。内部函数对2048位的状态S进行操作,可以将其视为4 x 8 x 64大小的三维位数组。内部函数的结构由5个类似于Keccak的变换组成。然而,首先,在这个例子中,使用的不是5位的S-box,而是8位的S-box。对此,对状态的三维表示参数进行了改变。其次,用带环进位反馈的字典移位寄存器代替线性反馈移位寄存器来生成整数常数。文中对这些变换的性质进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
Research of features of Dostoevsky’s publicistic style by using m-grams based on the materials of the “Time” and “Epoch” magazines 以《时代》杂志和《时代》杂志为材料,运用m-grams研究陀思妥耶夫斯基的宣传风格特征
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.407
R. Abramov, K. Kulakov, A. Lebedev, N. Moskin, A. Rogov
The paper is devoted to the study of the publicity style of F. M. Dostoevsky on the basis of publications in the journals “Time” and “Epoch” (1861-1865). For this, fragments of texts (including other authors: M. M. Dostoevsky, N. N. Strakhov, A. A. Golovachev, etc.) were selected in sizes of 500, 700 and 1000 words, on which the occurrence of bigrams and trigrams (encoded sequences of parts of speech) were counted. Decision trees were built on their basis and an analysis of the accuracy of text recognition was performed. If we consider the class cation at the rest level of the tree (fragment size 1000), then the accuracy was on average 87 resulting decision trees.
本文以陀思妥耶夫斯基在《时代》和《时代》(1861-1865)杂志上发表的文章为基础,专门研究陀思妥耶夫斯基的宣传风格。为此,文本片段(包括其他作者:M. M.陀思妥耶夫斯基、N. N.斯特拉霍夫、A. A.戈洛瓦切夫等)以500、700和1000字的大小进行选择,并计算双元和三元(词性编码序列)的出现次数。在此基础上建立了决策树,并对文本识别的准确率进行了分析。如果我们考虑树的剩余级别的类位置(片段大小为1000),那么准确率平均为87个决策树。
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引用次数: 0
Digital control of output variables in a given range considering delay 在给定范围内考虑延迟的输出变量的数字控制
IF 0.6 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu10.2021.412
M. Sotnikova, R. Sevostyanov
The article is devoted to the control of a dynamic object with the retention of controlled variables in the required range, taking into account the high dimension of input and output, time delay, constraints and external disturbances. The formalized statement of the problem of digital control synthesis is considered. An approach based on the use of predictive models is proposed. Its key feature is the introduction of a specialized quality functional that reflects the specifics of the problem, the error functional. This functional plays the role of a penalty for the output of controlled variables that go beyond the specified range. It is shown that the implementation of the control law is reduced to solving the problem of quadratic program- ming at each instant of discrete time. The results obtained are illustrated by an example of controlling the oil refining process in a distillation column.
本文研究了在考虑输入输出高维、时滞、约束和外部干扰的情况下,将被控变量保持在要求范围内的动态对象的控制问题。考虑了数字控制综合问题的形式化表述。提出了一种基于预测模型的方法。它的主要特点是引入了一个专门的质量函数来反映问题的细节,即错误函数。这个函数对超出指定范围的受控变量的输出起惩罚作用。结果表明,控制律的实现可简化为求解离散时间每一时刻的二次规划问题。最后以精馏塔炼油过程控制为例说明了所得结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta Seriya 10 Prikladnaya Matematika Informatika Protsessy Upravleniya
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