Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619883
J. Orrit-Prat, L. Boudou, C. Villeneuve, G. Teyssèdre, S. Behar, L. Ressier, R. Diaz
In this work, we demonstrate the excellent charge retention capability of spin-coated Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) 200 nm thin films previously charged by atomic force microscopy. In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the charge transport and charge storage in PMMA films, the conductivity of 200nm thin PMMA films was analyzed on Metal-Insulation-Metal (MIM) structures. A wide range of electric fields was applied on these structures and the charge and discharge currents were recorded. The thermal dependence of the conduction mechanisms was determined for temperatures below the PMMA glass transition temperature. These results were compared to those obtained for 50μm thick PMMA films in which the conductivity appears much smaller. The effects of PMMA thickness on charge transport are discussed.
{"title":"Effect of film thickness on the dielectric properties and charge storage in PMMA thin films","authors":"J. Orrit-Prat, L. Boudou, C. Villeneuve, G. Teyssèdre, S. Behar, L. Ressier, R. Diaz","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619883","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we demonstrate the excellent charge retention capability of spin-coated Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) 200 nm thin films previously charged by atomic force microscopy. In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the charge transport and charge storage in PMMA films, the conductivity of 200nm thin PMMA films was analyzed on Metal-Insulation-Metal (MIM) structures. A wide range of electric fields was applied on these structures and the charge and discharge currents were recorded. The thermal dependence of the conduction mechanisms was determined for temperatures below the PMMA glass transition temperature. These results were compared to those obtained for 50μm thick PMMA films in which the conductivity appears much smaller. The effects of PMMA thickness on charge transport are discussed.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133450681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619733
Congzhen Xie, Shan Liu, H. Niu, Licheng Li
The sheath and the shed in China are made of high temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber. The ferric oxide powder is widely used as red colorant, and it cannot disperse uniformly in the rubber for the reason that the ferric oxide powder is inorganic. In the paper, adding way and the amount of the ferric oxide powder are changed in the specimen-making process. Through hot air aging test, the changes of the specimen's electrical performances, mechanical properties and microstructure are considered, so the influence of the colorant on the specimen's property under hot air environment has been discussed. The results show that color masterbatch which is made of ferric oxide in advance, added in the rubber mixing process can improve the dispersion of the ferric oxide in the rubber, so that the ferric oxide can help reduce degradation of performance due to thermal-oxidative-aging. The radicals which are produced in silicone rubber's aging process could be trapped by the iron ions, which can be oxidated by oxygen in the air soon, and the amount of iron ions are not changed before and after the reaction. Therefore, increasing the content of iron oxide has no significant effect to improve the heat aging performance of the silicone rubber.
{"title":"The impact of the colorants on the aging properties of HTV silicone rubber","authors":"Congzhen Xie, Shan Liu, H. Niu, Licheng Li","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619733","url":null,"abstract":"The sheath and the shed in China are made of high temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber. The ferric oxide powder is widely used as red colorant, and it cannot disperse uniformly in the rubber for the reason that the ferric oxide powder is inorganic. In the paper, adding way and the amount of the ferric oxide powder are changed in the specimen-making process. Through hot air aging test, the changes of the specimen's electrical performances, mechanical properties and microstructure are considered, so the influence of the colorant on the specimen's property under hot air environment has been discussed. The results show that color masterbatch which is made of ferric oxide in advance, added in the rubber mixing process can improve the dispersion of the ferric oxide in the rubber, so that the ferric oxide can help reduce degradation of performance due to thermal-oxidative-aging. The radicals which are produced in silicone rubber's aging process could be trapped by the iron ions, which can be oxidated by oxygen in the air soon, and the amount of iron ions are not changed before and after the reaction. Therefore, increasing the content of iron oxide has no significant effect to improve the heat aging performance of the silicone rubber.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132681486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619746
J. Martin, D. Budina, J. Zakel, M. Schafer, K. Weitzel
The transport of potassium and rubidium ions through glasses containing the respective alkali ion as mobile species has been investigated by means of bombardment induced ion transport (BIIT) and impedance spectroscopy (IS). The conductivities as well as the activation energies derived from the two approaches are in agreement lending further support to the recently developed BIIT approach.
{"title":"Ionic conductivities of calcium-phosphate glasses","authors":"J. Martin, D. Budina, J. Zakel, M. Schafer, K. Weitzel","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619746","url":null,"abstract":"The transport of potassium and rubidium ions through glasses containing the respective alkali ion as mobile species has been investigated by means of bombardment induced ion transport (BIIT) and impedance spectroscopy (IS). The conductivities as well as the activation energies derived from the two approaches are in agreement lending further support to the recently developed BIIT approach.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116438371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619905
X. Qiu, W. Wirges, R. Gerhard, Heitor Cury Basso
Non-polar polymer foams can be rendered piezoelectric by internal charging of their cavities through a series of dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs). The cavities with their positive and negative charges are man-made macroscopic dipoles that function in analogy to the dipoles in ferroelectrics and that also constitute a macroscopic electric polarization. In ferroelectric materials, polarization-versus-electric-field (P(E)) hysteresis curves are observed. Here, P(E) hysteresis curves are obtained on cellular polypropylene ferroelectrets by means of voltage-voltage-mode measurements. The charge transferred during the internal DBD charging is determined from the voltage on a standard capacitor that is connected in series with the sample and that has a much larger capacitance than the sample. Another standard capacitor, with a capacitance much smaller than that of the former, but still substantially larger than that of the sample, is also connected in series and serves as a high-voltage divider that protects the electrometer in case of destructive breakdown in the sample. It will be shown how the DBDs inside the cellular foam lead to a phenomenological hysteresis curve that is the same as the hysteresis loops found in other ferroic materials.
{"title":"Are cellular polypropylene ferroelectrets ferroic?","authors":"X. Qiu, W. Wirges, R. Gerhard, Heitor Cury Basso","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619905","url":null,"abstract":"Non-polar polymer foams can be rendered piezoelectric by internal charging of their cavities through a series of dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs). The cavities with their positive and negative charges are man-made macroscopic dipoles that function in analogy to the dipoles in ferroelectrics and that also constitute a macroscopic electric polarization. In ferroelectric materials, polarization-versus-electric-field (P(E)) hysteresis curves are observed. Here, P(E) hysteresis curves are obtained on cellular polypropylene ferroelectrets by means of voltage-voltage-mode measurements. The charge transferred during the internal DBD charging is determined from the voltage on a standard capacitor that is connected in series with the sample and that has a much larger capacitance than the sample. Another standard capacitor, with a capacitance much smaller than that of the former, but still substantially larger than that of the sample, is also connected in series and serves as a high-voltage divider that protects the electrometer in case of destructive breakdown in the sample. It will be shown how the DBDs inside the cellular foam lead to a phenomenological hysteresis curve that is the same as the hysteresis loops found in other ferroic materials.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114718987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619879
N. Ichikawa
Electric shocks occur all over the world. The number of annual worldwide electrical fatalities may exceed 47,000 people and must be reduced. Electrical fatalities are caused by contact with a charged object. Contact with a 35 V charged object is fatal. Such accidents occur when an insulating safeguard is not used. An insulating safeguard is sometimes not used because an insulating safeguard for high voltage work is very heavy. A safeguard for preventing the shocks must be developed to eliminate fatalities. However, an easy-to-handle safeguard is not often developed because it does not need to be developed. We need to develop a safeguard that can be easily handled. In this study, we investigate the design of a safeguard capable of easy handling. The safeguard is studied based on results of measured AC breakdown voltage. In the experiments, we measure AC breakdown voltage for a single layer and a double layer of an EVA sheet and a PMMA plate. The insulating materials of the EVA sheet and the PMMA plate are used for a design of an insulating safeguard. The results show that experimental formulae can be used for the design of the safeguard. The results will be useful for the design of the safeguard used for AC charged objects, which consists of two insulating materials.
{"title":"Safety design of an insulating safeguard based on the AC breakdown voltage of EVA and PMMA — Insulating safeguard capable of preventing electric accidents","authors":"N. Ichikawa","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619879","url":null,"abstract":"Electric shocks occur all over the world. The number of annual worldwide electrical fatalities may exceed 47,000 people and must be reduced. Electrical fatalities are caused by contact with a charged object. Contact with a 35 V charged object is fatal. Such accidents occur when an insulating safeguard is not used. An insulating safeguard is sometimes not used because an insulating safeguard for high voltage work is very heavy. A safeguard for preventing the shocks must be developed to eliminate fatalities. However, an easy-to-handle safeguard is not often developed because it does not need to be developed. We need to develop a safeguard that can be easily handled. In this study, we investigate the design of a safeguard capable of easy handling. The safeguard is studied based on results of measured AC breakdown voltage. In the experiments, we measure AC breakdown voltage for a single layer and a double layer of an EVA sheet and a PMMA plate. The insulating materials of the EVA sheet and the PMMA plate are used for a design of an insulating safeguard. The results show that experimental formulae can be used for the design of the safeguard. The results will be useful for the design of the safeguard used for AC charged objects, which consists of two insulating materials.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115605506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619678
A. Abdelmalik, J. Fothergill, S. Dodd
The aging behavior of transformer insulation Kraft paper aged in a natural ester oil, recently developed from palm kernel oil, is compared to the behavior of paper samples aged in mineral insulating oil. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the natural ester oil on the aging of cellulose insulation paper if used as an alternative insulating fluid in transformers. Thermally upgraded insulation paper was aged in both insulating fluids together with strips of galvanized steel, copper and aluminium to represent the transformer, under nitrogen pressure in a sealed mild steel pressure vessel for 150 degC for 28, 56, and 84 days. The degradation after aging was assessed using tensile strength and breakdown strength measurements of the paper. The paper samples impregnated with natural ester fluid exhibited similar behavior before and after aging, with an approximately 5% reduction in tensile strength after 28 days of ageing. Two sets of response were obtained for paper samples aged in mineral insulating oil under the same ageing conditions; the paper closer to the copper strips had a faster degradation rate (~35% reduction). The natural ester fluid retarded the aging of the Kraft paper. The characteristic breakdown strength of natural ester impregnated paper was found to be, on the average, 42% better than that of mineral oil impregnated paper.
{"title":"Aging of Kraft paper insulation in natural ester dielectric fluid","authors":"A. Abdelmalik, J. Fothergill, S. Dodd","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619678","url":null,"abstract":"The aging behavior of transformer insulation Kraft paper aged in a natural ester oil, recently developed from palm kernel oil, is compared to the behavior of paper samples aged in mineral insulating oil. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the natural ester oil on the aging of cellulose insulation paper if used as an alternative insulating fluid in transformers. Thermally upgraded insulation paper was aged in both insulating fluids together with strips of galvanized steel, copper and aluminium to represent the transformer, under nitrogen pressure in a sealed mild steel pressure vessel for 150 degC for 28, 56, and 84 days. The degradation after aging was assessed using tensile strength and breakdown strength measurements of the paper. The paper samples impregnated with natural ester fluid exhibited similar behavior before and after aging, with an approximately 5% reduction in tensile strength after 28 days of ageing. Two sets of response were obtained for paper samples aged in mineral insulating oil under the same ageing conditions; the paper closer to the copper strips had a faster degradation rate (~35% reduction). The natural ester fluid retarded the aging of the Kraft paper. The characteristic breakdown strength of natural ester impregnated paper was found to be, on the average, 42% better than that of mineral oil impregnated paper.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115063056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619843
M. H. Ahmad, M. Piah, Y. Arief, N. Bashir, N. Chalashkanov, S. Dodd
This paper describes a set of experiments to assess temperature dependence on phase-resolved partial discharge activity during electrical tree growth in a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber/organo-Montmorillonite (oMMT) nanocomposite material. The filler particles were prepared by treating MMT with alkylammonium before dispersing in the silicone rubber to form the silicone/organo-Montmorillonite nanocomposite. The samples were prepared with three levels of nanofiller content, 0% by wt, 1% by wt and 3% by wt in order to assess the effect of different filler concentrations on the treeing process and the corresponding PD activity under an applied 50Hz AC electrical stress. The results demonstrate that the introduction of 1% by wt of nano-filler increases the tree inception times and decreases the rate of tree growth. It was also found that the PD characteristics, particularly the mean phase angle of occurrence of the positive and negative discharge distributions, became insensitive to variations in temperature. This reflects an enhanced stability in the nanocomposite electrical properties compared with the base polymer. Tree initiation and growth were found to be suppressed in the case of the 3% by wt nanocomposite to the extent that tree growth did not occur over the duration of the test (4 hours).
本文描述了一组实验，以评估室温硫化硅橡胶/有机蒙脱土(oMMT)纳米复合材料在电树生长过程中相分解局部放电活性的温度依赖性。用烷基铵处理蒙脱土制备填充颗粒，然后分散到硅橡胶中，形成有机硅/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料。为了评估在施加50Hz交流电应力下，不同浓度的纳米填料对树形过程和相应PD活性的影响，制备了三种纳米填料含量水平的样品，分别为0% wt、1% wt和3% wt。结果表明，添加重量为1%的纳米填料增加了树的起始次数，降低了树的生长速度。研究还发现，放电特性，特别是正负放电分布的平均相位角，对温度的变化不敏感。这反映了与基聚合物相比，纳米复合材料电学性能的稳定性增强。研究发现，在3% by wt纳米复合材料的情况下，树木的起始和生长受到抑制，以至于在测试持续时间(4小时)内树木没有生长。
{"title":"Temperature dependance of PD from electrical trees grown in silicone rubber based nanocomposites","authors":"M. H. Ahmad, M. Piah, Y. Arief, N. Bashir, N. Chalashkanov, S. Dodd","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619843","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a set of experiments to assess temperature dependence on phase-resolved partial discharge activity during electrical tree growth in a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber/organo-Montmorillonite (oMMT) nanocomposite material. The filler particles were prepared by treating MMT with alkylammonium before dispersing in the silicone rubber to form the silicone/organo-Montmorillonite nanocomposite. The samples were prepared with three levels of nanofiller content, 0% by wt, 1% by wt and 3% by wt in order to assess the effect of different filler concentrations on the treeing process and the corresponding PD activity under an applied 50Hz AC electrical stress. The results demonstrate that the introduction of 1% by wt of nano-filler increases the tree inception times and decreases the rate of tree growth. It was also found that the PD characteristics, particularly the mean phase angle of occurrence of the positive and negative discharge distributions, became insensitive to variations in temperature. This reflects an enhanced stability in the nanocomposite electrical properties compared with the base polymer. Tree initiation and growth were found to be suppressed in the case of the 3% by wt nanocomposite to the extent that tree growth did not occur over the duration of the test (4 hours).","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115243202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619756
T. A. Ve, F. Mauseth, E. Ildstad
Space charge accumulation in extruded DC cable insulation can cause local electric field enhancement. For subsea cables with polymeric or damaged metallic water barriers, water will migrate into the insulation system. As high water content has been found to increase conductivity, absorbed water is expected to affect the transport and accumulation of charge in XLPE. This paper presents results from pulsed electro-acoustic measurements of space charge accumulation in XLPE insulation with low and high water content. The water content in the samples was controlled by a climate chamber, allowing the water content to vary in the range of 5-95 ppm. The measurements were performed at 20, 40 and 60 °C, with an applied DC voltage of 10 kV. The DC voltage was switched off during the measurements. The results show that increased water content at 20 °C leads to formation of positive hetero space charge near the cathode, while for the dry samples homocharge formed at both electrodes. At higher temperatures, increased water content decreased the magnitude of accumulated charge in the wet samples compared to the dry samples. Both high- and low water content samples showed accumulation of positive charge at both the anode and the cathode. The results could partly be explained by conductivity increasing with increasing water content, but also showed evidence of additional mechanisms occurring.
{"title":"Space charge accumulation in XLPE insulation at high temperature and water content","authors":"T. A. Ve, F. Mauseth, E. Ildstad","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619756","url":null,"abstract":"Space charge accumulation in extruded DC cable insulation can cause local electric field enhancement. For subsea cables with polymeric or damaged metallic water barriers, water will migrate into the insulation system. As high water content has been found to increase conductivity, absorbed water is expected to affect the transport and accumulation of charge in XLPE. This paper presents results from pulsed electro-acoustic measurements of space charge accumulation in XLPE insulation with low and high water content. The water content in the samples was controlled by a climate chamber, allowing the water content to vary in the range of 5-95 ppm. The measurements were performed at 20, 40 and 60 °C, with an applied DC voltage of 10 kV. The DC voltage was switched off during the measurements. The results show that increased water content at 20 °C leads to formation of positive hetero space charge near the cathode, while for the dry samples homocharge formed at both electrodes. At higher temperatures, increased water content decreased the magnitude of accumulated charge in the wet samples compared to the dry samples. Both high- and low water content samples showed accumulation of positive charge at both the anode and the cathode. The results could partly be explained by conductivity increasing with increasing water content, but also showed evidence of additional mechanisms occurring.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121385685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619730
Shiling Zhang, Zongren Peng, Liu Peng, X. Ning
Entire performance of UHVDC resin impregnated paper (RIP) bushings in operation condition has an intimate connection with electrical and thermal properties of epoxy/crepe paper composites used in bushing condenser. Firstly, some samples of pure epoxy and epoxy/crepe composites which are identical to those used in actual RIP bushings were fabricated. Then micro morphology of these samples has been observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). Some electrical performance measurements were carried out including AC breakdown characteristics, bulk resistivity versus temperature characteristics and dielectric spectroscopy with broadband dielectric spectra. Meanwhile, thermal property containing thermal conductivity versus temperature characteristic has also been obtained experimentally. Finally, with these parameters of composites, electric field and temperature distribution inside bushing condenser has also been simulated by finite element method (FEM).
{"title":"Experimental study on the electrical and thermal properties of epoxy-crepe paper composites for use in UHV DC bushing condensers","authors":"Shiling Zhang, Zongren Peng, Liu Peng, X. Ning","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619730","url":null,"abstract":"Entire performance of UHVDC resin impregnated paper (RIP) bushings in operation condition has an intimate connection with electrical and thermal properties of epoxy/crepe paper composites used in bushing condenser. Firstly, some samples of pure epoxy and epoxy/crepe composites which are identical to those used in actual RIP bushings were fabricated. Then micro morphology of these samples has been observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). Some electrical performance measurements were carried out including AC breakdown characteristics, bulk resistivity versus temperature characteristics and dielectric spectroscopy with broadband dielectric spectra. Meanwhile, thermal property containing thermal conductivity versus temperature characteristic has also been obtained experimentally. Finally, with these parameters of composites, electric field and temperature distribution inside bushing condenser has also been simulated by finite element method (FEM).","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121573405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-08DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619672
K. Zhou, Xiantao Tao, Wenbiao Tao
In order to understand the role of titanium isopropoxide (TIPT) catalyst on insulation rejuvenation for water tree aged cables, dielectric properties and micro structure changes are investigated for the rejuvenated cables. Needle-shape defects are made inside cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable samples to form water tree in the XLPE layer. The water tree aged samples are injected by the liquid with phenylmethyldimethoxy silane (PMDMS) catalyzed by TIPT for rejuvenation, and the breakdown voltage of the rejuvenated samples is significantly higher than that of the new samples. By the observation of scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the nano-TiO2 particles are observed inside the breakdown channels of the rejuvenated samples. Accordingly, the insulation performance of rejuvenated samples is significantly enhanced by the nano-TiO2 particles. Through analyzing the products of hydrolysis from TIPT, the nano-scale TiO2 particles are observed, and its micro-morphology is consistent with that observed inside the breakdown channels. According to the observation, the insulation enhancement mechanism is described. Therefore, the dielectric property of the rejuvenated cables is improved due to the nano-TiO2 produced by the hydrolysis from TIPT.
{"title":"Effect of TIPT catalyst on insulation rejuvenation of water-tree aged cables","authors":"K. Zhou, Xiantao Tao, Wenbiao Tao","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619672","url":null,"abstract":"In order to understand the role of titanium isopropoxide (TIPT) catalyst on insulation rejuvenation for water tree aged cables, dielectric properties and micro structure changes are investigated for the rejuvenated cables. Needle-shape defects are made inside cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable samples to form water tree in the XLPE layer. The water tree aged samples are injected by the liquid with phenylmethyldimethoxy silane (PMDMS) catalyzed by TIPT for rejuvenation, and the breakdown voltage of the rejuvenated samples is significantly higher than that of the new samples. By the observation of scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the nano-TiO2 particles are observed inside the breakdown channels of the rejuvenated samples. Accordingly, the insulation performance of rejuvenated samples is significantly enhanced by the nano-TiO2 particles. Through analyzing the products of hydrolysis from TIPT, the nano-scale TiO2 particles are observed, and its micro-morphology is consistent with that observed inside the breakdown channels. According to the observation, the insulation enhancement mechanism is described. Therefore, the dielectric property of the rejuvenated cables is improved due to the nano-TiO2 produced by the hydrolysis from TIPT.","PeriodicalId":437475,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD)","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124575219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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