Pub Date : 2018-06-18DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2018.94.1.127
Tim Denecker, P. Swiggers
Ancient Greek grammar, and in particular its parts-of-speech system, provided the conceptual and terminological basis for the description of the Latin language. This transfer caused a number of (sub)categorial “frictions”, due to the structural differences that exist between both languages. A specific instance is that of the article, ἄρθρον or articulus, which was considered (part of) a separate part of speech in Greek, but which is absent from Latin. In this paper we discuss the views and comments expressed on this issue by Latin grammarians up to the early Middle Ages. While some of the grammarians deny that there is an article in Latin, others state that it does exist, but that it does not “count” as a separate part of speech, or that it is “substituted for” with the demonstrative pronoun. Their comments are illustrative (a) of the various adaptive strategies followed in the “bargaining situation” constituted by the projection of the Greek partsof-speech system upon the Latin language; (b) of transformations undergone by the Graeco-Latin grammatical legacy in late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages; and (c) of a push chain of changes in the anaphoric-deictic (sub)system of Latin pronouns.
{"title":"The articulus according to Latin grammarians up to the early Middle Ages: The complex interplay of tradition and innovation in grammatical doctrine","authors":"Tim Denecker, P. Swiggers","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2018.94.1.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2018.94.1.127","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient Greek grammar, and in particular its parts-of-speech system, provided the conceptual and terminological basis for the description of the Latin language. This transfer caused a number of (sub)categorial “frictions”, due to the structural differences that exist between both \u0000languages. A specific instance is that of the article, ἄρθρον or articulus, which was considered (part of) a separate part of speech in Greek, but which is absent from Latin. In this paper we discuss the views and comments expressed on this issue by Latin grammarians up to the early Middle Ages. \u0000While some of the grammarians deny that there is an article in Latin, others state that it does exist, but that it does not “count” as a separate part of speech, or that it is “substituted for” with the demonstrative pronoun. Their comments are illustrative (a) of the various adaptive strategies followed in the “bargaining situation” constituted by the projection of the Greek partsof-speech system upon the Latin language; (b) of transformations undergone by the Graeco-Latin grammatical legacy in late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages; and (c) of a push chain of changes in the anaphoric-deictic (sub)system of Latin pronouns.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86709686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-18DOI: 10.13109/glot.2018.94.1.166
R. Jakobi
On Arusianus Messius, author of a lexicon of idiomatic Latin phrases, and his relations to the senatorical aristocracy in late 4th.c.AD.; on the composition and structure of his work; its sources, e.g. commentaries on Virgil, Terence and Cicero as well as on other lexicographers like Nonius, who is shown to precede Arusianus. Finally, the paper examines whether the lexicon has been transmitted in the original form or in a shortened redaction
{"title":"Das Lexikon des Arusianus Messius","authors":"R. Jakobi","doi":"10.13109/glot.2018.94.1.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/glot.2018.94.1.166","url":null,"abstract":"On Arusianus Messius, author of a lexicon of idiomatic Latin phrases, and his relations to the senatorical aristocracy in late 4th.c.AD.; on the composition and structure of his work; its sources, e.g. commentaries on Virgil, Terence and Cicero as well as on other lexicographers like Nonius, who is shown to precede Arusianus. Finally, the paper examines whether the \u0000lexicon has been transmitted in the original form or in a shortened redaction","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81463894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-27DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.17
M. Glotzbach
Abstract In his synonymicon Πeρὶ ὁμοίων καὶ διαφόρων λέξeων the grammarian Herennius Philo (1st/2nd century AD) points out a possible Homeric etymology at ρ 220/227 concerning πτωχός and πτώσσeιν. While the linguistic link between both words is still accepted in modern scientific etymology, the Homeric evidence Herennius records has not been taken into account by modern etymological dictionaries of Greek so far. The combination of ρ 220 and 227 has what it takes to become the locus classicus for considering a πτωχός a πτώσσων. In addition the context of the cited passage of the Odyssey helps to clarify the notion of a ‘beggar’ as both ‘a poor and hungry vagrant’ and deduced from that ‘a lazy non-worker’.
文摘在他synonymiconΠeρὶὁμοίωνκαὶδιαφόρωνλέξeων的语法学家Herennius菲罗(1 /公元二世纪)指出可能的荷马词源关于πρ220/227τωχός和πτώσeσιν。虽然这两个词之间的语言联系在现代科学词源学中仍然被接受，但到目前为止，现代希腊语词源学词典还没有考虑到赫伦尼乌斯记录的荷马证据。ρ 220和227的组合足以成为考虑πτωχός a πτώσσων的经典点。此外，引用的《奥德赛》段落的上下文有助于澄清“乞丐”的概念，即“贫穷饥饿的流浪者”，并由此推断为“懒惰的非工作者”。
{"title":"Eine etymologische Beobachtung zu πτωχός bei Herennios Philon. Zur Ergänzung unserer Wörterbücher","authors":"M. Glotzbach","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In his synonymicon Πeρὶ ὁμοίων καὶ διαφόρων λέξeων the grammarian Herennius Philo (1st/2nd century AD) points out a possible Homeric etymology at ρ 220/227 concerning πτωχός and πτώσσeιν. While the linguistic link between both words is still accepted in modern scientific etymology, the Homeric evidence Herennius records has not been taken into account by modern etymological dictionaries of Greek so far. The combination of ρ 220 and 227 has what it takes to become the locus classicus for considering a πτωχός a πτώσσων. In addition the context of the cited passage of the Odyssey helps to clarify the notion of a ‘beggar’ as both ‘a poor and hungry vagrant’ and deduced from that ‘a lazy non-worker’.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77651970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-27DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.36
Mikel Labiano
Abstract In the Athenian dramatic literature of the late fifth and early fourth centuries BC, the interjection ἆ appears to undergo a process of semantic reduction and specialization, which mainly results in a prohibitive meaning. The subsequent identification of prohibitive ἆ with Euripidean diction forms the basis for Aristophanic parody. Diachronic considerations suggest that, once the specialization has put the focus on the prohibitive sense, so that ἆ comes to express something like “stop doing that!”, the interjection may finally convey this prohibitive meaning autonomously, without the cooperation of any other directive utterance. E. HF 629, E. HF 1052 and E. Ba. 810 are cited as instances where ἆ thus means “stop doing that!”, thereby constituting a specifically Euripidean idiom.
在公元前5世纪末至4世纪初的雅典戏剧文学中，感叹词ἆ似乎经历了一个语义缩减和专门化的过程，这主要导致了一种禁止意义。随后，禁止性ἆ与欧里庇德斯的措辞形成了阿里斯托芬模仿的基础。历时性的考虑表明，一旦专门化将焦点放在禁止性意义上，那么ἆ就会表达类似于“停止那样做!”，感叹词可能最终会自主地传达这种禁止的意思，而不需要任何其他指示话语的配合。E. HF 629, E. HF 1052和E. Ba. 810被引用为实例，其中ἆ的意思是“停止那样做!”，从而构成了欧里庇德斯特有的成语。
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Pub Date : 2017-03-27DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.3
D. Benediktson
Abstract Elided oxytones, in which the accent is shifted to the penultimate syllable of the elided word, are very rare in Aeschylus. There are only twenty-four occurrences in the extant plays, and ten of these occurrences have textual issues. Analysis of elisions in Agamemnon shows that nonoytone words with short final syllable are elided more than six times more frequently than oxytones. Neuter plural oxytones are elided more frequently than other oxytone word types. When oxytones are elided emphasis may be given to the elided word. There is no favored location for elision of oxytones in trimeters and no change in frequency of elided oxytones over Aeschylus’ career.
{"title":"Elision of Oxytones and Non-oxytones in Aeschylus","authors":"D. Benediktson","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Elided oxytones, in which the accent is shifted to the penultimate syllable of the elided word, are very rare in Aeschylus. There are only twenty-four occurrences in the extant plays, and ten of these occurrences have textual issues. Analysis of elisions in Agamemnon shows that nonoytone words with short final syllable are elided more than six times more frequently than oxytones. Neuter plural oxytones are elided more frequently than other oxytone word types. When oxytones are elided emphasis may be given to the elided word. There is no favored location for elision of oxytones in trimeters and no change in frequency of elided oxytones over Aeschylus’ career.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86120348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.135
Kanehiro Nishimura
Abstract The origin of Māvors has long been disputed; in view of the questionable evidence for its status as a linguistic precursor for Mārs, it is argued that Māvors is more likely to be a folk-etymological creation in a later period. The motivation for the process is found in the context where Māvors was used, viz. oaths, prayers, or the like. In such cases solemnity was so highly sought as to trigger hermeneutically favorable archaizing.
{"title":"Māvors vis-à-vis Mārs: Linguistic History and Cultural Background","authors":"Kanehiro Nishimura","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The origin of Māvors has long been disputed; in view of the questionable evidence for its status as a linguistic precursor for Mārs, it is argued that Māvors is more likely to be a folk-etymological creation in a later period. The motivation for the process is found in the context where Māvors was used, viz. oaths, prayers, or the like. In such cases solemnity was so highly sought as to trigger hermeneutically favorable archaizing.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82129930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.182
J. Stolk
Abstract Examples of case interchange in Greek papyri are often used to illustrate the start of dative case syncretism in Greek (Humbert 1930; Browning 1983; Horrocks 2010). On the other hand, case interchange can be caused by Egyptian scribes having difficulties with the Greek case system (Clarysse 1993; Vierros 2012). In this article, I combine quantitative analysis of the dative and genitive case interchanges in Greek documentary papyri with a qualitative examination of the social and linguistic contexts of the interchanges. This shows that whereas the usage of the dative instead of the genitive pronoun as adnominal possessor may be explained by indirect bilingual interference and scribal confusion, the replacement of the dative by the genitive as a third argument of a verb may have been caused by interference from the Greek spoken language in the writing of less educated scribes.
{"title":"Dative and genitive case interchange in Greek papyri from Roman-Byzantine Egypt","authors":"J. Stolk","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.182","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Examples of case interchange in Greek papyri are often used to illustrate the start of dative case syncretism in Greek (Humbert 1930; Browning 1983; Horrocks 2010). On the other hand, case interchange can be caused by Egyptian scribes having difficulties with the Greek case system (Clarysse 1993; Vierros 2012). In this article, I combine quantitative analysis of the dative and genitive case interchanges in Greek documentary papyri with a qualitative examination of the social and linguistic contexts of the interchanges. This shows that whereas the usage of the dative instead of the genitive pronoun as adnominal possessor may be explained by indirect bilingual interference and scribal confusion, the replacement of the dative by the genitive as a third argument of a verb may have been caused by interference from the Greek spoken language in the writing of less educated scribes.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87010208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.159
Erik Pulz
{"title":"Enjambementanfänge am Versende bei Lukrez","authors":"Erik Pulz","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83092010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.79
Marco Mancini
Abstract This paper aims at explaining a puzzling passage found in some Sotadic verses of the De litteris by Terentianus Maurus (end of the 2nd century CE - beginning of the 3rd century CE). The African author hints at a difference in the articulation and in the related acoustic effect in the velar pair, hence /o/ vs /o:/, of Late Latin. Terentianus says that the long phoneme /o:/ was characterised by the “intensification” of the sonus tragicus, but, albeit the acoustic referent of such phrase is out of question (a flat sound), the precise meaning is still an unsolved issue in the scientific literature. A new interpretation of a testimonium in Gellius’ Noctes Atticae (5, 7), together with relevant archaeological evidences, point out to an unexpected semantic value of sonus tragicus. The phrase indicates the typical timbre produced by the actors who wore tragic masks. The masks functioned as a sort of full face helmet for the actor and, thus, as proper filters, allowing the reinforcement of some bands of t...
摘要本文旨在解释泰伦提亚努斯·毛鲁斯(Terentianus Maurus)(公元2世纪末至3世纪初)在《论文学》(De litteris)中发现的一段令人费解的段落。这位非洲作家暗示，在发音和相关的声学效果上，velar对存在差异，因此，后期拉丁语的/o/ vs /o:/。Terentianus说，长音素/o:/的特点是“强化”的声悲剧，但是，尽管这个短语的声学参考是毫无疑问的(一种平坦的声音)，其确切含义在科学文献中仍然是一个未解决的问题。对Gellius ' s notes Atticae(5,7)中的一个证言的新解释，以及相关的考古证据，指出了sonus tragicus的意想不到的语义价值。这句话是指戴着悲剧面具的演员发出的典型音色。面具对演员来说是一种全脸头盔，因此，作为适当的过滤器，允许加强一些波段。
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Pub Date : 2017-03-17DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.232
Vine Brent
{"title":"Latin 'simitu' 'simitur': 'SEIMITUM' 'at the same time, together'","authors":"Vine Brent","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2017.93.1.232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84574166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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