Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.101
Tim Denecker
As is well known, the grammatical description of Latin originated from, and remained firmly based on that of Greek. Due to the structural differences that exist between both languages, this transfer occasionally led to categorial ‘frictions’, which in turn gave rise to metalinguistic or ‘metagrammatical’ observations of a specifically contrastive nature. As with the ‘optative’ and the ‘article’, this is also the case with the ‘dual number’. Greek inherited this marker for mostly ‘natural’ pairs from Proto-Indo- European, and could apply it to nouns, pronouns and verbs, designating it in grammatical description by the collocation δυϊκὸς ἀριθμός. Latin, by contrast, never possessed the dual number as a category in its own right, although it contained ‘formal relics’ of it, namely the numerals duo and ambō. In Latin grammaticography, these two forms (categorized either as ‘nouns’ or as ‘pronouns’) were evident candidates for being designated instances of the dualis numerus after the example of Greek. A second group frequently labelled ‘dual’ by Latin grammarians are those verb forms in -ēre (e.g. legēre) which are today known as ‘contracted’ or ‘syncopated’ alternatives (although they are actually primary from a historical point of view) for the third person plural past perfect tense in -ērunt (e.g. legērunt). This paper discusses the varied range of interpretations formulated by Latin grammarians up to the early Middle Ages with regard to these two groups of forms
众所周知，拉丁语的语法描述起源于希腊语，并牢固地建立在希腊语的语法描述基础上。由于两种语言之间存在的结构差异，这种迁移偶尔会导致范畴“摩擦”，这反过来又会产生特定对比性质的元语言或元语法观察。就像选择词和冠词一样，“双数”也是如此。希腊语从原始印欧语继承了这个标记，用于大多数“自然”对，并可以将其应用于名词、代词和动词，在语法描述中通过搭配δυϊκ ο ς ριθμός来指定它。相比之下，拉丁语从来没有把对偶数作为自己的范畴，尽管它包含了对偶数的“正式遗迹”，即数字duo和ambhi。在拉丁语语法学中，这两种形式(分类为“名词”或“代词”)在希腊语的例子之后被指定为二元数的实例。第二组经常被拉丁语法学家称为“双重”的动词形式是-ēre(例如legēre)中那些今天被称为-ērunt(例如legērunt)中第三人称复数过去完成时的“缩略”或“切分”形式(尽管从历史的角度来看它们实际上是主要的)。本文讨论了中世纪早期拉丁语法学家对这两组形式的不同解释范围
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Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.169
Tore Rovs Kristoffersen
{"title":"The Artemis Orthia inscriptions and spoken Laconian in the Imperial period: In defence of dialect survival at Sparta","authors":"Tore Rovs Kristoffersen","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72774726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.26
Edoardo Chiattelli
According to Bakker, the Homeric augment was a morpheme of proximal deixis. This theory can be confirmed in two contexts: similes, where the coexistence of present indicatives and augmented aorists can be explained only by considering the category of aspect, not the one of tense; and contexts involving the adjective νήπιος, which are here explained not only from a narrative viewpoint, but also by considering the major presence of augmented forms in them. The PIE augment seems to have been a deictic particle not compatible with present tense and it might have been initially used only with aorists and later extended to imperfects, as foregrounding is strongly related to perfectivity.
{"title":"Focalizzazione e deissi: una possibile funzione dell’aumento omerico","authors":"Edoardo Chiattelli","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"According to Bakker, the Homeric augment was a morpheme of proximal deixis. This theory can be confirmed in two contexts: similes, where the coexistence of present indicatives and augmented aorists can be explained only by considering the category of aspect, not the one of tense; and contexts involving the adjective νήπιος, which are here explained not only from a narrative viewpoint, but also by considering the major presence of augmented forms in them. The PIE augment seems to have been a deictic particle not compatible with present tense and it might have been initially used only with aorists and later extended to imperfects, as foregrounding is strongly related to perfectivity.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84659448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.263
L. Parker
It is now well known and generally accepted that Euripides’ otherwise undated plays can be dated approximately by the amount of resolution in the iambic trimeters. T. Zielinski’s statistical study, published in 1925, is both much more extensive and detailed and better-informed metrically than those of his successors. In particular, he was able to formulate ten ‘laws’ relating to resolution, and to classify the plays chronologically in groups according to metrical style. His book is, however, hard to find and not easy to read, chiefly because of the out-dated terminology and the way in which it is used. The following paper consists of an abridged version, with some reorganization, corrections, additional figures and percentages. Further, I examine some of the ways in which admitting more resolution enabled Euripides to widen his vocabulary by comparison with Aeschylus and Sophocles.
{"title":"Thaddaeus redux: Ziełiński on the Euripidean trimeter revisited","authors":"L. Parker","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.263","url":null,"abstract":"It is now well known and generally accepted that Euripides’ otherwise undated plays can be dated approximately by the amount of resolution in the iambic trimeters. T. Zielinski’s statistical study, published in 1925, is both much more extensive and detailed and better-informed metrically than those of his successors. In particular, he was able to formulate ten ‘laws’ relating to resolution, and to classify the plays chronologically in groups according to metrical style. His book is, however, hard to find and not easy to read, chiefly because of the out-dated terminology and the way in which it is used. The following paper consists of an abridged version, with some reorganization, corrections, additional figures and percentages. Further, I examine some of the ways in which admitting more resolution enabled Euripides to widen his vocabulary by comparison with Aeschylus and Sophocles.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79339421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.8
Concepción Cabrillana
This paper considers the specific characteristics of directives involving a copular verb in Roman comedy. Different variables are included in the analysis: the social status of characters, their gender, the subtype of speech act, and the level of compliance implied in it. These variables, as well as an understanding of particular characters and the dramatic context, allow us to describe and explain the behaviour of esse in directives, providing evidence for cases in which verbs of this type behave like other predicates, and for circumstances in which they deviate from the general trend. A hierarchy of the most common and the most peculiar expressions is also proposed, focussing primarily on the distinction between subtypes of directives.
{"title":"Expresiones directivas con verbos de uso copulativo en la comedia latina","authors":"Concepción Cabrillana","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the specific characteristics of directives involving a copular verb in Roman comedy. Different variables are included in the analysis: the social status of characters, their gender, the subtype of speech act, and the level of compliance implied in it. These variables, as well as an understanding of particular characters and the dramatic context, allow us to describe and explain the behaviour of esse in directives, providing evidence for cases in which verbs of this type behave like other predicates, and for circumstances in which they deviate from the general trend. A hierarchy of the most common and the most peculiar expressions is also proposed, focussing primarily on the distinction between subtypes of directives.","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85160167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.231
S. Parisi
{"title":"Le formule proibitive in uso nel latino arcaico e i personaggi dell’Amphitruo","authors":"S. Parisi","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81672147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.309
Markus Stachon
{"title":"Atta ist kein Name, sondern eine Diagnose! Zum cognomen des Dichters T. Quintius Atta (Paul. Fest. p. 11,17–19 L.)","authors":"Markus Stachon","doi":"10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/GLOT.2019.95.1.309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43767,"journal":{"name":"GLOTTA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GRIECHISCHE UND LATEINISCHE SPRACHE","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87810898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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