Pub Date : 2019-06-24DOI: 10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.13
S. Danna, Li Yan
Based on the meteorological statistics from 2014 to 2017, this paper adopts the DEA-Tobit Two Step method to estimate the innovation efficiency of China meteorological science and technology and then analyses its influencing factors. It is found that during 2014-2017, Beijing has been at the forefront in innovation efficiency of meteorological S&T, followed by Tianjin. Some other provinces and cities have a decline in technology efficiency. Therefore, pure technology inefficiency still remains a major problem faced by most provinces and cities. Meanwhile, it also reveals that innovation efficiency of meteorological S&T is significantly and positively impacted by scientific research input and academic structure, but without any significant linear interrelationship with economic development and government influence.
{"title":"Analysis on Innovation Efficiency of China Meteorological Science and Technology and Its Influencing Factors","authors":"S. Danna, Li Yan","doi":"10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.13","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the meteorological statistics from 2014 to 2017, this paper adopts the DEA-Tobit Two Step method to estimate the innovation efficiency of China meteorological science and technology and then analyses its influencing factors. It is found that during 2014-2017, Beijing has been at the forefront in innovation efficiency of meteorological S&T, followed by Tianjin. Some other provinces and cities have a decline in technology efficiency. Therefore, pure technology inefficiency still remains a major problem faced by most provinces and cities. Meanwhile, it also reveals that innovation efficiency of meteorological S&T is significantly and positively impacted by scientific research input and academic structure, but without any significant linear interrelationship with economic development and government influence.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133870820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.12
Jierui Jia, Junyang Li, Ke Gao
According to Chinese reform and opening up process, as well as fiscal and taxation’s differences at different stages, since 1978, China’s taxation reform could be divided into three stages. Every reform stage was carried out in the specific economic and political environment at that time, and a phased tax system was constructed. China’s Statistical Yearbook and the financial and taxation departments’ reports show that China’s total tax revenue and tax structure have changed greatly in the past 40 years. The successful experience of China’s tax reform is to adhere to the direction of socialist market economy, create a fair competitive environment for enterprise development, steadily implement it, and widely solicit public opinions. However, under the background of global economic integration and international tax reform, China’s tax reform should further increase the proportion of direct tax, focusing on the improvement of VAT, personal income tax, real estate tax and consumption tax, and realizing the internationalization of China’s tax system.
{"title":"A Brief Discussion on the Changes of Tax System Since China’s Reform and Opening up (1978-2018)","authors":"Jierui Jia, Junyang Li, Ke Gao","doi":"10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.12","url":null,"abstract":"According to Chinese reform and opening up process, as well as fiscal and taxation’s differences at different stages, since 1978, China’s taxation reform could be divided into three stages. Every reform stage was carried out in the specific economic and political environment at that time, and a phased tax system was constructed. China’s Statistical Yearbook and the financial and taxation departments’ reports show that China’s total tax revenue and tax structure have changed greatly in the past 40 years. The successful experience of China’s tax reform is to adhere to the direction of socialist market economy, create a fair competitive environment for enterprise development, steadily implement it, and widely solicit public opinions. However, under the background of global economic integration and international tax reform, China’s tax reform should further increase the proportion of direct tax, focusing on the improvement of VAT, personal income tax, real estate tax and consumption tax, and realizing the internationalization of China’s tax system.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114614315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-10DOI: 10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.11
I. Dimitrakaki
In the complicated and difficult era in which we live, when the future is uncertain mainly in the labor market, when economy suffers one of the worst crises of the last decades due to the universal financial crisis, a continuous adjustment regarding both the business sector and the leading executives of businesses is required, because the leader abilities are the motivating force for the individual development and the realization of the vision of businesses. The target of this article is to highlight the way in which the theory of leadership in Greek actuality is applied, the styles that are adopted and the degree of its influenceon the efficiency of the employees. For this reason, two industrial businesses, which operate in the area of Macedonia, as the object of the research were chosen. Firstly, a theoretical approach of the subject via secondary research of sources (theory of Target and Path) took place and then secondary research (quantitative and qualitative) so that the importance of practice through the theoretical application of the model in the two businesses is noted. From the drawing of conclusions, it seems that the cooperation of leader executives with teams and subordinates which predominatesin both businesses is excellent. This fact shows the excellent organization and collectivity that predominates and the fact that the leaders use the model of Path-Goal. However, proposals regarding the leader style, mainly that of a business that pertains to anxiety and fighting against it aims at the increase of the efficiency and development of the three businesses.
{"title":"The Theory of Leadership and the Way of Its Application in Greek Business Actuality","authors":"I. Dimitrakaki","doi":"10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190402.11","url":null,"abstract":"In the complicated and difficult era in which we live, when the future is uncertain mainly in the labor market, when economy suffers one of the worst crises of the last decades due to the universal financial crisis, a continuous adjustment regarding both the business sector and the leading executives of businesses is required, because the leader abilities are the motivating force for the individual development and the realization of the vision of businesses. The target of this article is to highlight the way in which the theory of leadership in Greek actuality is applied, the styles that are adopted and the degree of its influenceon the efficiency of the employees. For this reason, two industrial businesses, which operate in the area of Macedonia, as the object of the research were chosen. Firstly, a theoretical approach of the subject via secondary research of sources (theory of Target and Path) took place and then secondary research (quantitative and qualitative) so that the importance of practice through the theoretical application of the model in the two businesses is noted. From the drawing of conclusions, it seems that the cooperation of leader executives with teams and subordinates which predominatesin both businesses is excellent. This fact shows the excellent organization and collectivity that predominates and the fact that the leaders use the model of Path-Goal. However, proposals regarding the leader style, mainly that of a business that pertains to anxiety and fighting against it aims at the increase of the efficiency and development of the three businesses.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127222344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.12
Vitaly Postolati
The structure and interconnection of the main macroeconomic indicators reflected in the National Accounts of the Republic of Moldova: “Release” (R), “Intermediate Consumption” (IC), “Gross Value Added” (GVA), “Gross Domestic Product” (GDP). The place of tariffs in the general structure of economic indicators has been determined. It is shown that the tariffs for energy and other types of material resources and the costs accompanying the production cycle are in the “Intermediate Consumption” (IC) sector. It is shown that an increase in tariffs leads to a decrease (GVA) and, accordingly, a decrease in volume (GDP). It is established in a quantitative form as far as the growth of tariffs overtakes the growth of real GDP. A new methodology for setting tariff limits is given, taking into account the dynamics of real GDP growth, indicators of planned GDP growth, as well as the average annual consumer price index. On the basis of calculations and substantiations, it is concluded that tariffs should be reduced by 5.6% for natural gas, by 17.7% for electricity, and by 32% for thermal energy of the central heating system, compared to their current values. The proposed methodology and approach will contribute to the sustainable development of the economy as a whole, including the energy sector, and also take into account the tasks of further improving the state of the social sphere.
{"title":"Determination of Tariff Limits for Energy and Material Resources Using National Accounts Data","authors":"Vitaly Postolati","doi":"10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.12","url":null,"abstract":"The structure and interconnection of the main macroeconomic indicators reflected in the National Accounts of the Republic of Moldova: “Release” (R), “Intermediate Consumption” (IC), “Gross Value Added” (GVA), “Gross Domestic Product” (GDP). The place of tariffs in the general structure of economic indicators has been determined. It is shown that the tariffs for energy and other types of material resources and the costs accompanying the production cycle are in the “Intermediate Consumption” (IC) sector. It is shown that an increase in tariffs leads to a decrease (GVA) and, accordingly, a decrease in volume (GDP). It is established in a quantitative form as far as the growth of tariffs overtakes the growth of real GDP. A new methodology for setting tariff limits is given, taking into account the dynamics of real GDP growth, indicators of planned GDP growth, as well as the average annual consumer price index. On the basis of calculations and substantiations, it is concluded that tariffs should be reduced by 5.6% for natural gas, by 17.7% for electricity, and by 32% for thermal energy of the central heating system, compared to their current values. The proposed methodology and approach will contribute to the sustainable development of the economy as a whole, including the energy sector, and also take into account the tasks of further improving the state of the social sphere.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116152976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.11
Almas Sabir, Kaouther Zenaidi
Saudi Arabia edges more ladies into work. Organizations need drew in specialists. It's useful for the organization and useful for the individuals who work there. A work environment that qualities representative commitment is others conscious working environment that supports the best in every person. This article explored the changed substance of ladies in commercial center and its critical necessities in Saudi Arabia. This investigation will give a profound understanding in spite of the way that female alumni dwarf guys: 105,494 ladies moved on from Saudi colleges a year ago contrasted and 98,210 men in 2017. With Several various focuses in mission 2030, one of its fundamental targets is to elevate ladies support in the work compel from 22% to 30% throughout the following 15 years while additionally lessening absolute joblessness from 12.7% to 7% by 2030 This paper finishes up with musings about the estimation of the 3 features of vision and potential viewpoints, particularly estimation by means of online representative overviews. Review contains a subset of research based grapple addresses that are intended to quantify generally changes in Saudi Arabia at work environment with a dream of 2030.
{"title":"Saudi Arabia Reforms: The Changing Face of Saudi Women at Workplace with a Vision of 2030","authors":"Almas Sabir, Kaouther Zenaidi","doi":"10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJMSE.20190401.11","url":null,"abstract":"Saudi Arabia edges more ladies into work. Organizations need drew in specialists. It's useful for the organization and useful for the individuals who work there. A work environment that qualities representative commitment is others conscious working environment that supports the best in every person. This article explored the changed substance of ladies in commercial center and its critical necessities in Saudi Arabia. This investigation will give a profound understanding in spite of the way that female alumni dwarf guys: 105,494 ladies moved on from Saudi colleges a year ago contrasted and 98,210 men in 2017. With Several various focuses in mission 2030, one of its fundamental targets is to elevate ladies support in the work compel from 22% to 30% throughout the following 15 years while additionally lessening absolute joblessness from 12.7% to 7% by 2030 This paper finishes up with musings about the estimation of the 3 features of vision and potential viewpoints, particularly estimation by means of online representative overviews. Review contains a subset of research based grapple addresses that are intended to quantify generally changes in Saudi Arabia at work environment with a dream of 2030.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121319425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajmse.20220701.11
Cao Yanyan
{"title":"A Case Study of a Small Switching Power Supply Process: Based on the Module of Production","authors":"Cao Yanyan","doi":"10.11648/j.ajmse.20220701.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20220701.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115411401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajmse.20210604.15
Ramadhani Said Tekka
{"title":"Business Re-engineering Strategic Process Model for Small-Medium Local Contractor’s Sustainable Competitiveness: A Case of Tanzania","authors":"Ramadhani Said Tekka","doi":"10.11648/j.ajmse.20210604.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20210604.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130116181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajmse.20220702.11
Mengistu Gutema Kebede, S. Negussie
{"title":"Exploring Urban Governance in Ethiopia: Institutional Principles of Non-state Actors’ Engagement","authors":"Mengistu Gutema Kebede, S. Negussie","doi":"10.11648/j.ajmse.20220702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20220702.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125684387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajmse.20190405.11
Teshome Kassa Degu, Kher Deng Tholbok
On-the-job training could be considered as those types of training for employees to assist them develop their skills in particular occupation, vocation or discipline. The main purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of on-job training of supportive staff in Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. The specific objectives were therefore; first to assess the effectiveness of on-job training on four levels (reactions, learning, behavior and result). Second, to examine factors affecting effectiveness of on-job training. Third, to investigate effects of on-job training on the staffs. The descriptive research design was used for this study. The study utilizes sample of fifty respondents, which selected through simple random sampling method and a semi-structured questionnaire for data collection. The data were analyzed using Kirkpatrick evaluation model and SPSS version twenty software. The result shows some of training challenges such as workload, lack of material access and too short duration for the employee during the on-job training programme.
{"title":"Assessment on Effectiveness of On-job Training of Supportive Staffs: The Case Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine","authors":"Teshome Kassa Degu, Kher Deng Tholbok","doi":"10.11648/j.ajmse.20190405.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20190405.11","url":null,"abstract":"On-the-job training could be considered as those types of training for employees to assist them develop their skills in particular occupation, vocation or discipline. The main purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of on-job training of supportive staff in Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. The specific objectives were therefore; first to assess the effectiveness of on-job training on four levels (reactions, learning, behavior and result). Second, to examine factors affecting effectiveness of on-job training. Third, to investigate effects of on-job training on the staffs. The descriptive research design was used for this study. The study utilizes sample of fifty respondents, which selected through simple random sampling method and a semi-structured questionnaire for data collection. The data were analyzed using Kirkpatrick evaluation model and SPSS version twenty software. The result shows some of training challenges such as workload, lack of material access and too short duration for the employee during the on-job training programme.","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"13 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120889329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajmse.20210606.17
D. Vučinić
{"title":"Management of Security Processes in Information Technologies","authors":"D. Vučinić","doi":"10.11648/j.ajmse.20210606.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20210606.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":438321,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Management Science and Engineering","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125748933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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