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The Book I 第一本书
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0031
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that medieval and early modern ontological descriptions made use of a new material technology of inscription with the same tensional regime: the book. Without assuming any direct causation, the following two chapters show a clear similarity of kinetic structure in both theological description and its technology of inscription during this time.The new kind of kinography that rose to dominance in the West around the fourth and fifth centuries was called “bibliography”. The rise of bibliography, or book writing, functioned according to two major kinographic operations: the binding of the book, and the comprehension (or kinetic tension between author and the reader) of the book. Between the fifth and eighteenth centuries, two major book technologies were used in theological descriptions: the manuscript codex, from the fifth to fifteenth centuries, and the printed codex, from the fifteenth up to the eighteenth century.
本章认为,中世纪和近代早期的本体论描述使用了一种具有相同张力制度的新的铭文材料技术:书。在不假设任何直接因果关系的情况下,以下两章显示了这一时期在神学描述和铭文技术上的动力学结构的明显相似性。公元四、五世纪左右,在西方占据主导地位的一种新的kinography被称为“目录学”。书目或书籍写作的兴起,是根据两种主要的kinographic操作来运作的:书籍的装订,以及对书籍的理解(或作者与读者之间的动态张力)。在五世纪到十八世纪之间,两种主要的书籍技术被用于神学描述:手稿抄本,从五世纪到十五世纪,以及印刷抄本,从十五世纪到十八世纪。
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引用次数: 16
Tensional Motion 紧张的运动
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0026
Thomas Nail
Beginning around the fifth century CE, alongside the decline of the Roman Empire and the increasing decentralization of political power in the West, a new regime of motion began to take hold: tensional force. The task of Part III is to create a kinetic concept of force and explain the theological (descriptive) and kinographic (inscriptive) conditions of its dominant historical emergence in the West. Chapter 23 offers a purely kinomenological theory of the tensional motions that define the being as force. The thesis of the chapter is that dynamic being is defined by a material and kinetic tensional motion. The kinetic concept of force has three major kinetic features: tensional motion, triangulation, and relation.
大约从公元5世纪开始,随着罗马帝国的衰落和西方政治权力的日益分散,一种新的运动机制开始占据主导地位:张力。第三部分的任务是创造一种动力概念,并解释其在西方占主导地位的历史出现的神学(描述性)和运动学(铭文)条件。第二十三章提供了张力运动的纯运动学理论,张力运动将存在定义为力。本章的论点是,动态存在是由物质和动态张力运动来定义的。力的动力学概念有三个主要的动力学特征:张力运动、三角化和关系。
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引用次数: 0
Historical Ontology 历史本体
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0002
Thomas Nail
This chapter lays out the historical methodology of the book. The primary inquiry of this book is ontological, but not foundational. It is historical. In other words, it does not aim to identify the absolute and immutable structure of being forever and all time (being qua being). The contribution of Being and Motion is to locate a new historical ontology of motion—a minimal condition that, from the perspective of the present, appears to have always been a hidden dimension of the past. The aim is therefore to take one the most important (not the only or essential) features of contemporary reality (motion) and use it to reinterpret the dominant notions of ontology, such as space, time, force, quality, quantity, relation, and so on. From the vantage point of the present, the past can now be reinterpreted anew, without foreclosing the future.
这一章列出了本书的历史方法论。本书的主要研究是本体论的,而不是基础的。这是历史性的。换句话说,它的目的不是确定永恒和所有时间的绝对不变的结构(作为存在)。《存在与运动》的贡献在于为运动找到了一个新的历史本体论——从现在的角度来看,这是一个最小的条件,似乎一直是过去的一个隐藏维度。因此,我们的目的是抓住当代实在(运动)的一个最重要的(而不是唯一的或本质的)特征,并用它来重新解释占主导地位的本体论概念,如空间、时间、力、质、量、关系等等。从现在的有利位置来看,过去现在可以重新解释,而不排除未来。
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引用次数: 352
Sensation 感觉
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0010
Thomas Nail
This chapter puts forward a kinetic theory of sensation. Sensation occurs at the period where a flow folds back over itself and touches itself. It is the ambiguous kinetic structure of the period itself—the double or split affect of periodicity. Sensation is the kinetic difference between sensibility and the sensed. The two are identical in the period of sensation (the sensed) but differentiated in the continuous movement of the flow across its cycle (sensibility). Sensation is the kinetic differentiation internal to existence that makes possible self-affection or self-sensation. In short, sensation is the sense of the sensed as the kinetic identity of the kinetically different.
本章提出了一种感觉的运动论。感觉发生在气流折回自身并接触自身的时期。这是周期本身的模糊动力学结构——周期的双重或分裂效应。感觉是感觉和被感觉之间的动态差异。两者在感觉周期(感觉)中是相同的,但在流动在其循环中的连续运动(感觉)中是不同的。感觉是存在内部的动态分化,它使自我情感或自我感觉成为可能。简而言之,感觉就是把感觉作为动力同一性的动力不同。
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引用次数: 63
Medieval Theology IV 中世纪神学IV
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0030
Thomas Nail
In this chapter, we turn to an analysis of the coexistence of relational, external, and internal motion in the doctrine of the Trinity. The theological doctrine of the Trinity was by far one of the most important, dominant, and novel descriptions of being during the medieval and early modern periods, beginning around the middle of the fourth century. From the beginning of the Nicene Creed (381 CE), which established an official doctrine of the Trinity, until the emergence of the European Enlightenment in the mid-eighteenth century, Trinitarianism remained the single most pervasive and powerful ontotheological framework in the West—influencing all the natural theologies of force of the previous chapters. To this day it remains the official doctrine of the Catholic Church. This chapter lays out the patterns of tensional motion at work in this important theory.
在这一章,我们转而分析三位一体教义中关系运动、外在运动和内在运动的共存。三位一体的神学教义是中世纪和现代早期最重要、最具主导地位和最新颖的存在描述之一,大约始于四世纪中叶。从确立了三位一体官方教义的尼西亚信经(公元381年)开始,直到18世纪中期欧洲启蒙运动的出现,三位一体论一直是西方最普遍、最强大的本体神学框架,影响着前面章节的所有自然力量神学。直到今天,它仍然是天主教会的官方教义。本章列出了在这一重要理论中工作的张力运动模式。
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引用次数: 0
Modern Phenomenology I 现代现象学I
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0034
Thomas Nail
The chapter argues that the regime of elastic motion rises to historical dominance during the modern period—around the eighteenth to the twentieth century. The rise of this new kinetic regime occurred alongside the rising predominance of a new ontological description of being as fundamentally temporal: phenomenology. During this period one of the most historically marginalized concepts of Western ontology, time, became the most fundamental description of all reality. Of course, all the other major ontological descriptions of space, eternity, and force persisted in various ways, especially during the transitional seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, but by the end of the eighteenth century all these other names had become increasingly reinterpreted temporally.
本章认为,弹性运动的制度上升到历史的主导地位,在现代时期-大约18至20世纪。这种新的动力机制的兴起伴随着一种新的本体论描述的兴起,这种描述从根本上说是时间的:现象学。在此期间,西方本体论中最被历史边缘化的概念之一——时间,成为对所有实在的最基本描述。当然,所有其他关于空间、永恒和力的主要本体论描述都以不同的方式存在着,尤其是在十七世纪和十八世纪的过渡时期,但到十八世纪末,所有这些其他名称都越来越多地在时间上得到了重新解释。
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引用次数: 0
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Being and Motion
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