Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0003
Thomas Nail
This chapter lays out an original method for the study of the history of ontology. It also critiques two major problems in the study of ontology: stasis and reductionism. Ontological practice is a historical and kinetic activity, and it therefore makes an important intervention into the study of ontology more broadly. What is at stake, therefore, in the development of an ontology of motion is a solution to these two problems. In addition, the chapter develops a theory of ontology as a practice of graphism. Finally, it provides an outline of the plan of the book and the major theses that will be argued herein.
{"title":"Ontological History","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter lays out an original method for the study of the history of ontology. It also critiques two major problems in the study of ontology: stasis and reductionism. Ontological practice is a historical and kinetic activity, and it therefore makes an important intervention into the study of ontology more broadly. What is at stake, therefore, in the development of an ontology of motion is a solution to these two problems. In addition, the chapter develops a theory of ontology as a practice of graphism. Finally, it provides an outline of the plan of the book and the major theses that will be argued herein.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122536223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0008
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that if the flows of being are pedetic and capable of bifurcation, then it is also possible for them to flow together in a confluence. A confluence is the intersection or connection of two or more flows that intersect one or more times. In this type of connection, multiple flows move together and intersect with one another without directly folding back over themselves. Being connects because it moves together following a multiplicity of pedetic trajectories. The chapter provides a theory of events and constellations, and gives examples of plant growth and political struggle.
{"title":"Confluence","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that if the flows of being are pedetic and capable of bifurcation, then it is also possible for them to flow together in a confluence. A confluence is the intersection or connection of two or more flows that intersect one or more times. In this type of connection, multiple flows move together and intersect with one another without directly folding back over themselves. Being connects because it moves together following a multiplicity of pedetic trajectories. The chapter provides a theory of events and constellations, and gives examples of plant growth and political struggle.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"30 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133890179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0025
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that the fourth major kinographic operation in the ancient world finally occurred when the graphisms created by tablets and the phonisms of speech entered into a mutual subordination to an abstract meaning or idea. In other words, once graphism was liberated from its concrete tokens, it could create abstract signs for anything, including the discrete sounds made in human speech called phonemes. The practice of connecting written graphisms to speech first emerged in Sumer around 3500–3390 BCE with the use of cuneiform, a written means of representing the Sumerian language. Egyptian hieroglyphics connected to language emerged around 3300 BCE. The earliest alphabet is traced to proto-Sinaitic inscriptions (c. 1850 BCE).
{"title":"Writing II","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that the fourth major kinographic operation in the ancient world finally occurred when the graphisms created by tablets and the phonisms of speech entered into a mutual subordination to an abstract meaning or idea. In other words, once graphism was liberated from its concrete tokens, it could create abstract signs for anything, including the discrete sounds made in human speech called phonemes. The practice of connecting written graphisms to speech first emerged in Sumer around 3500–3390 BCE with the use of cuneiform, a written means of representing the Sumerian language. Egyptian hieroglyphics connected to language emerged around 3300 BCE. The earliest alphabet is traced to proto-Sinaitic inscriptions (c. 1850 BCE).","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132877295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0036
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that after Marx’s analysis of capitalist temporality, Edmund Husserl (1859–1938) introduced an even more radical elasticity into transcendental temporality in the form of an “absolute flow of time.” This move set him apart from both Hume and Kant. Hume had to explicitly presuppose the continuous passing of time, but he could not defend this thesis on the basis of our experience of successive moments. Husserl’s remarkable innovation therefore was to multiply and stretch the temporal field itself such that any given temporal field can become a subcirculation or conjunction within an even larger field. This is possible, as we will see, because the flow of time is absolutely elastic.
{"title":"Modern Phenomenology III","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0036","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that after Marx’s analysis of capitalist temporality, Edmund Husserl (1859–1938) introduced an even more radical elasticity into transcendental temporality in the form of an “absolute flow of time.” This move set him apart from both Hume and Kant. Hume had to explicitly presuppose the continuous passing of time, but he could not defend this thesis on the basis of our experience of successive moments. Husserl’s remarkable innovation therefore was to multiply and stretch the temporal field itself such that any given temporal field can become a subcirculation or conjunction within an even larger field. This is possible, as we will see, because the flow of time is absolutely elastic.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115482878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0035
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that the descriptive primacy of time in modern ontology follows an elastic regime of motion. As noted in the previous chapter, some degree of elasticity had always been part of the kinetic structure of “tensional” time. In early modern descriptions of abstract or absolute time, the folds of lived time could expand and contract, as could the flow of time itself. However, this elasticity was also simultaneously subordinated to the ontological tensions of a more primary divine force. This chapter discusses time in the work of Kant, Hegel, and Marx.
{"title":"Modern Phenomenology II","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that the descriptive primacy of time in modern ontology follows an elastic regime of motion. As noted in the previous chapter, some degree of elasticity had always been part of the kinetic structure of “tensional” time. In early modern descriptions of abstract or absolute time, the folds of lived time could expand and contract, as could the flow of time itself. However, this elasticity was also simultaneously subordinated to the ontological tensions of a more primary divine force. This chapter discusses time in the work of Kant, Hegel, and Marx.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126878630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0037
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that after Husserl, the elastic motion of time was taken one step further by Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). For Husserl, the ontological primacy of time emerges as an a priori condition of time consciousness and thus results in the radical multiplicity of the temporal field, initially discovered by Kant. Heidegger, however, discovers the pure elasticity of time itself as an ontological process. For Heidegger, primordial phenomenological time is not successive. Time does not exist, but this does not mean that it is an illusion and being is eternal. This chapter looks at this theme in the work of Heidegger and Derrida.
{"title":"Modern Phenomenology IV","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0037","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that after Husserl, the elastic motion of time was taken one step further by Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). For Husserl, the ontological primacy of time emerges as an a priori condition of time consciousness and thus results in the radical multiplicity of the temporal field, initially discovered by Kant. Heidegger, however, discovers the pure elasticity of time itself as an ontological process. For Heidegger, primordial phenomenological time is not successive. Time does not exist, but this does not mean that it is an illusion and being is eternal. This chapter looks at this theme in the work of Heidegger and Derrida.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"67 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133246208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0005
Thomas Nail
This chapter lays out a methodology of transcendental realism and new materialism based on motion. Transcendental realism is the study of the real minimal ontological conditions for the actual emergence of the historical present. The purpose of this method is to give a description of what previous being must at least be like given that it appears as it does today: in motion. The chapter offers critiques of constructivism, empiricism, metaphysics, and transcendental idealism. It also offers a critique of vitalist new materialism, negative materialism, object-oriented ontology, formalism, and all ahistorical methods of thinking about matter and materialism. It concludes with a theory of “process materialism.”
{"title":"Realism and Materialism","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter lays out a methodology of transcendental realism and new materialism based on motion. Transcendental realism is the study of the real minimal ontological conditions for the actual emergence of the historical present. The purpose of this method is to give a description of what previous being must at least be like given that it appears as it does today: in motion. The chapter offers critiques of constructivism, empiricism, metaphysics, and transcendental idealism. It also offers a critique of vitalist new materialism, negative materialism, object-oriented ontology, formalism, and all ahistorical methods of thinking about matter and materialism. It concludes with a theory of “process materialism.”","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131821342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0032
Thomas Nail
The argument of this chapter is that while the printing press undoubtedly introduced several novelties into graphic and social circulation, it was not the bringer of a radically new kinographic regime. Kinetically speaking, it was a modification and intensification of the already dominant tensional regime of the codex. Just because there were more books in more hands does not mean the regime of motion changed, only that it was intensified and in some ways modified. The printed codex is still a codex, and it therefore follows much of the same material kinetic functions as the manuscript codex. The printed codex thus secured and intensified what the manuscript codex had already begun: the dominance of a new bibliographic regime of motion defined by the primary features of binding and comprehension.
{"title":"The Book II","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0032","url":null,"abstract":"The argument of this chapter is that while the printing press undoubtedly introduced several novelties into graphic and social circulation, it was not the bringer of a radically new kinographic regime. Kinetically speaking, it was a modification and intensification of the already dominant tensional regime of the codex. Just because there were more books in more hands does not mean the regime of motion changed, only that it was intensified and in some ways modified. The printed codex is still a codex, and it therefore follows much of the same material kinetic functions as the manuscript codex. The printed codex thus secured and intensified what the manuscript codex had already begun: the dominance of a new bibliographic regime of motion defined by the primary features of binding and comprehension.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133806700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0021
Thomas Nail
This chapter shows that the third major cosmological description of this time period occurs when the sky father kills the mother and her son-lover and becomes the sole creator—and the origin of centrifugal motion. This occurs in a historical description of theomachy and can be found in Babylonian and Greek cosmology. The Babylonian cosmology found in the Enuma Elish adds another dimension to the previous Bronze Age cosmological descriptions. In Archaic Greece, a similar cosmological theomachy emerged. Hesiod’s Theogony gives us one of the oldest and clearest accounts of Archaic Greek cosmology and theomachy.
{"title":"Ancient Cosmology II","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190908904.003.0021","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter shows that the third major cosmological description of this time period occurs when the sky father kills the mother and her son-lover and becomes the sole creator—and the origin of centrifugal motion. This occurs in a historical description of theomachy and can be found in Babylonian and Greek cosmology. The Babylonian cosmology found in the Enuma Elish adds another dimension to the previous Bronze Age cosmological descriptions. In Archaic Greece, a similar cosmological theomachy emerged. Hesiod’s Theogony gives us one of the oldest and clearest accounts of Archaic Greek cosmology and theomachy.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114542589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0006
Thomas Nail
This chapter argues that being flows if and only if the twin conditions of continuity and motion are satisfied. If being were only continuous it would be a homogeneous totality. Being would be One—a finite or infinite unity—without the possibility of change or motion outside of itself, since there would be no outside to it. In this case, all movement, as Zeno and Parmenides once argued, would be an illusion. However, if being was One total being that contained all of being, the being that contained all of being would have to be different from the being that was contained by it.
{"title":"Continuum","authors":"Thomas Nail","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908904.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter argues that being flows if and only if the twin conditions of continuity and motion are satisfied. If being were only continuous it would be a homogeneous totality. Being would be One—a finite or infinite unity—without the possibility of change or motion outside of itself, since there would be no outside to it. In this case, all movement, as Zeno and Parmenides once argued, would be an illusion. However, if being was One total being that contained all of being, the being that contained all of being would have to be different from the being that was contained by it.","PeriodicalId":438449,"journal":{"name":"Being and Motion","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116143743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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