Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590824
José Antonio Carrillo Zenteno, Johanna Rosalí Reyes Reinoso
COVID 19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, has managed to deepen and to put on evidence, the great inequalities existing between countries such as the internal social strata regarding accessibility to education and technological services that are required to have effective distance learning. Although rural areas still have precarious basic services throughout the continent, it is enough with a single non-studying child to conclude that there is no democratization of learning access and technology. The research methodology was a bibliographic review, supported on electronic means to obtain all the relevant and available information about the subject of study. The general conclusion is that regardless of the accessibility to learning that exist in our countries, the important thing is the knowledge that remains, if this is really effective, if the teacher do the class online with the available applications, and also if he has all the technological resources, to teach the class and not only to send the weekly planning of the assignment either by mail, messaging or web platforms, without an evaluation to verify that the student has learned and passed the class or subject
{"title":"Access to the Information and Communication Technologies in South America in Times of COVID-19","authors":"José Antonio Carrillo Zenteno, Johanna Rosalí Reyes Reinoso","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590824","url":null,"abstract":"COVID 19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, has managed to deepen and to put on evidence, the great inequalities existing between countries such as the internal social strata regarding accessibility to education and technological services that are required to have effective distance learning. Although rural areas still have precarious basic services throughout the continent, it is enough with a single non-studying child to conclude that there is no democratization of learning access and technology. The research methodology was a bibliographic review, supported on electronic means to obtain all the relevant and available information about the subject of study. The general conclusion is that regardless of the accessibility to learning that exist in our countries, the important thing is the knowledge that remains, if this is really effective, if the teacher do the class online with the available applications, and also if he has all the technological resources, to teach the class and not only to send the weekly planning of the assignment either by mail, messaging or web platforms, without an evaluation to verify that the student has learned and passed the class or subject","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123127269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590657
Ana María Balladares Ocaña, Roger Michell Idrovo Urgilés, José Antonio Soria Pérez
Currently, the increase in internet-connected devices deployed around the world has generated exponential growth in technological advances, such as in the industrial and domestic sectors. Consequently, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced the term Industry 4.0, allowing an ideal connection from the end devices (EDs) to enterprise-level systems. On the other hand, the development of powerful low-cost wireless technologies and long-distance transmission, such as LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network), have made it possible to manage the development of Smart Agriculture applications. For instance, a remote monitoring system of physiological parameters in animals, which aims to prevent diseases, and generate sustainable livestock in the environmental and economic aspect. In this work, we propose a web platform prototype for livestock monitoring implemented with LoRa (Long Range) technology and a controller that hosts a server on an inexpensive single board computer such as the Raspberry Pi. This platform allows monitoring of key parameters such as GPS signal and temperature through two EDs. Which use a plate with LoRa/GPS communication and a temperature sensor that allows to visualize the geolocation and health of the cattle.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Web Platform Prototype Based an IoT Gateway Using Raspberry Pi for Livestock Monitoring","authors":"Ana María Balladares Ocaña, Roger Michell Idrovo Urgilés, José Antonio Soria Pérez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590657","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the increase in internet-connected devices deployed around the world has generated exponential growth in technological advances, such as in the industrial and domestic sectors. Consequently, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced the term Industry 4.0, allowing an ideal connection from the end devices (EDs) to enterprise-level systems. On the other hand, the development of powerful low-cost wireless technologies and long-distance transmission, such as LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network), have made it possible to manage the development of Smart Agriculture applications. For instance, a remote monitoring system of physiological parameters in animals, which aims to prevent diseases, and generate sustainable livestock in the environmental and economic aspect. In this work, we propose a web platform prototype for livestock monitoring implemented with LoRa (Long Range) technology and a controller that hosts a server on an inexpensive single board computer such as the Raspberry Pi. This platform allows monitoring of key parameters such as GPS signal and temperature through two EDs. Which use a plate with LoRa/GPS communication and a temperature sensor that allows to visualize the geolocation and health of the cattle.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117230856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590681
Ricardo Xavier Llugsi Cañar, S. Yacoubi, Allyx Fontaine, P. Lupera
The main function of an optimizer is to determine in what measure to change the weights and the learning rate of the neural network to reduce losses. One of the best known optimizers is Adam, which main advantage is the invariance of the magnitudes of the parameter updates with respect to the change of scale of the gradient. However, other optimizers are often chosen because they generalize in a better manner. AdamW is a variant of Adam where the weight decay is performed only after controlling the parameter-wise step size. In order to present a comparative scenario for optimizers in the present work, a Temperature Forecast for the Andean city of Quito using a neural network structure with uncertainty reduction was implemented and three optimizers (Adam, AdaMax and AdamW) were analyzed. In order to do the comparison three error metrics were obtained per hour in order to determine the effectiveness of the prediction. From the analysis it can be seen that Adam and AdaMax behave similarly reaching a maximum MSE per hour of 2.5°C nevertheless AdamW allows to reduce this error around 1.3°C.
{"title":"Comparison between Adam, AdaMax and Adam W optimizers to implement a Weather Forecast based on Neural Networks for the Andean city of Quito","authors":"Ricardo Xavier Llugsi Cañar, S. Yacoubi, Allyx Fontaine, P. Lupera","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590681","url":null,"abstract":"The main function of an optimizer is to determine in what measure to change the weights and the learning rate of the neural network to reduce losses. One of the best known optimizers is Adam, which main advantage is the invariance of the magnitudes of the parameter updates with respect to the change of scale of the gradient. However, other optimizers are often chosen because they generalize in a better manner. AdamW is a variant of Adam where the weight decay is performed only after controlling the parameter-wise step size. In order to present a comparative scenario for optimizers in the present work, a Temperature Forecast for the Andean city of Quito using a neural network structure with uncertainty reduction was implemented and three optimizers (Adam, AdaMax and AdamW) were analyzed. In order to do the comparison three error metrics were obtained per hour in order to determine the effectiveness of the prediction. From the analysis it can be seen that Adam and AdaMax behave similarly reaching a maximum MSE per hour of 2.5°C nevertheless AdamW allows to reduce this error around 1.3°C.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125363976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590634
Ronny Cabrera Tituana, Andrea Carrión Herrera, Andy Cabrera Tituana
Latin American children and youth often lose interest in learning science, on the other hand, future jobs will require professionals with skills such as critical thinking and problem solving. Therefore, it is necessary to create spaces for boys and girls to develop skills and competencies required for future employment. The present case study proposes an informal STEM learning program, through the implementation of a camp, in such a way as to provide evidence that exposing children to a video game creation workshop, having as a methodology the engineering design process (EDP) and the Scratch platform as a tool, will positively impact in the children interest's in STEM areas. Four camps were implemented, distributed in five lessons of two hours each, aimed at 60 children from 11 to 13 years of age. The authors present a methodology to measure the effectiveness of the camps through two surveys conducted with the participants before and after the camps, which made it possible to measure learning and interest in STEM areas. Camps increased motivation toward engineering and science careers by 13 % of participants, increased interest in mathematics by 23% of participants, also, increased learning about how to create a video game by 43 % of participants and the number of participants who know about the engineering design process increased by 50%.
{"title":"Using the Engineering Design Process to Increase Interest in STEM Areas: Case of a Video Game Creation Camp","authors":"Ronny Cabrera Tituana, Andrea Carrión Herrera, Andy Cabrera Tituana","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590634","url":null,"abstract":"Latin American children and youth often lose interest in learning science, on the other hand, future jobs will require professionals with skills such as critical thinking and problem solving. Therefore, it is necessary to create spaces for boys and girls to develop skills and competencies required for future employment. The present case study proposes an informal STEM learning program, through the implementation of a camp, in such a way as to provide evidence that exposing children to a video game creation workshop, having as a methodology the engineering design process (EDP) and the Scratch platform as a tool, will positively impact in the children interest's in STEM areas. Four camps were implemented, distributed in five lessons of two hours each, aimed at 60 children from 11 to 13 years of age. The authors present a methodology to measure the effectiveness of the camps through two surveys conducted with the participants before and after the camps, which made it possible to measure learning and interest in STEM areas. Camps increased motivation toward engineering and science careers by 13 % of participants, increased interest in mathematics by 23% of participants, also, increased learning about how to create a video game by 43 % of participants and the number of participants who know about the engineering design process increased by 50%.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126703677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590635
J. D. Vega Sánchez, L. Urquiza-Aguiar, M. C. Paredes Paredes, F. J. López-Martínez
In this paper, we explore the effect of practical channel conditions on the achievable secrecy of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided multiple-input single-output (MISO) wireless communications with the existence of both the legitimate (Bob) and the eavesdropper (Eve) nodes. Specifically, by considering beamforming at the source (Alice), we study the practical scenario where Alice has Bob's channel state information (CSI); however, she doesn't know Eve's CSI. (i.e., passive eavesdropping case). To this end, we first derive approximate expressions for modeling the RIS cascaded channel applying the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm. This approach allows for incorporating relevant factors into RIS's channel modeling, including phase shift noise, correlation between RIS elements, and coexistence or not of the direct links at both the legitimate and eavesdropper nodes. Based on these findings, we obtain a closed-form solution of the outage secrecy probability for the underlying system. Finally, some valuable insights on how various channel features and the number of RIS elements affect the secrecy behavior are also presented.
{"title":"Secure Systems via Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces over Correlated Rayleigh Channels","authors":"J. D. Vega Sánchez, L. Urquiza-Aguiar, M. C. Paredes Paredes, F. J. López-Martínez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590635","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore the effect of practical channel conditions on the achievable secrecy of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided multiple-input single-output (MISO) wireless communications with the existence of both the legitimate (Bob) and the eavesdropper (Eve) nodes. Specifically, by considering beamforming at the source (Alice), we study the practical scenario where Alice has Bob's channel state information (CSI); however, she doesn't know Eve's CSI. (i.e., passive eavesdropping case). To this end, we first derive approximate expressions for modeling the RIS cascaded channel applying the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm. This approach allows for incorporating relevant factors into RIS's channel modeling, including phase shift noise, correlation between RIS elements, and coexistence or not of the direct links at both the legitimate and eavesdropper nodes. Based on these findings, we obtain a closed-form solution of the outage secrecy probability for the underlying system. Finally, some valuable insights on how various channel features and the number of RIS elements affect the secrecy behavior are also presented.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114456197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590817
J. Aller, J. Restrepo, J. Viola
In this work, the induction machine (IM) model is developed using the VBR (Voltage Behind Reactance) technique in the ATP-EMTP program, using the ATPDraw@ user interface and the MODELS tool available in EMTP. Starting from the equations of the induction machine in space vectors coordinate frame, referred to the stator, the VBR model is directly obtained. This model is then represented by a circuitry using the ATPDraw program, considering the resistance, inductance and force electromotive (FEM) behind this impedance. The value of the FEM is determined by a programmed module written in MODELS. The developed model allows the IM in steady state and transient analysis, including harmonics and possible unbalances. The results obtained with this model are compared with similar simulations performed in other tools and with some models available both in ATP-EMTP and MATLAB/SIMULINK@.
{"title":"Voltage Behind Reactance Model of Induction Machines using ATPDraw and MODELS","authors":"J. Aller, J. Restrepo, J. Viola","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590817","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the induction machine (IM) model is developed using the VBR (Voltage Behind Reactance) technique in the ATP-EMTP program, using the ATPDraw@ user interface and the MODELS tool available in EMTP. Starting from the equations of the induction machine in space vectors coordinate frame, referred to the stator, the VBR model is directly obtained. This model is then represented by a circuitry using the ATPDraw program, considering the resistance, inductance and force electromotive (FEM) behind this impedance. The value of the FEM is determined by a programmed module written in MODELS. The developed model allows the IM in steady state and transient analysis, including harmonics and possible unbalances. The results obtained with this model are compared with similar simulations performed in other tools and with some models available both in ATP-EMTP and MATLAB/SIMULINK@.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129015637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590712
Jorge Espín, O. Camacho
This document aims to design a dynamic sliding mode controller for integrating systems with inverse response and deadtime based on a reduced model of the process, which is incorporated into a hybrid control scheme composed by a dead time compensator called Smith predictor, and to counteract the effects of the inverse condition, the compensator designed by Iinoya and Alpeter is used to provide robustness to the control topology. Besides, the rejection of load disturbances oversees a PD controller, which is added to the inner loop of the control structure. Being a complex dynamic system, the proposed controller is a promising alternative. Moreover, it allows a comparative analysis against traditional controllers such as PIDs, whose performance decreases drastically under these unfavorable conditions.
{"title":"A Proposal of Dynamic Sliding Mode Controller for Integrating processes with Inverse Response and Deadtime","authors":"Jorge Espín, O. Camacho","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590712","url":null,"abstract":"This document aims to design a dynamic sliding mode controller for integrating systems with inverse response and deadtime based on a reduced model of the process, which is incorporated into a hybrid control scheme composed by a dead time compensator called Smith predictor, and to counteract the effects of the inverse condition, the compensator designed by Iinoya and Alpeter is used to provide robustness to the control topology. Besides, the rejection of load disturbances oversees a PD controller, which is added to the inner loop of the control structure. Being a complex dynamic system, the proposed controller is a promising alternative. Moreover, it allows a comparative analysis against traditional controllers such as PIDs, whose performance decreases drastically under these unfavorable conditions.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114541441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590799
Bryan Chimbo, P. Ingavélez-Guerra, Salvador Otón-Tortosa
The collaborative approach which are born OER (Open Educational Resource) is the joint search for pedagogical and technological challenges to achieve improved quality reconstruction. It is necessary to demonstrate defined metrics that support processes and provide guidelines or instructions related to design for all. The open feature of the OERs must demonstrate accessibility, guaranteeing their interoperability. The incorporation of intelligent systems based on the efficient publication of accessibility information, contributes to the evaluation of accessible resources, knowledge modeling and future trends based on the feedback of profiles, and personalization from the user experience through. This paper presents the proposal for an expert system based on the ISO 40500, ISO 24751 and UDL standards.
{"title":"Accessibility Metadata: A Proposal for the OER's Evaluation Considering Quality Models","authors":"Bryan Chimbo, P. Ingavélez-Guerra, Salvador Otón-Tortosa","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590799","url":null,"abstract":"The collaborative approach which are born OER (Open Educational Resource) is the joint search for pedagogical and technological challenges to achieve improved quality reconstruction. It is necessary to demonstrate defined metrics that support processes and provide guidelines or instructions related to design for all. The open feature of the OERs must demonstrate accessibility, guaranteeing their interoperability. The incorporation of intelligent systems based on the efficient publication of accessibility information, contributes to the evaluation of accessible resources, knowledge modeling and future trends based on the feedback of profiles, and personalization from the user experience through. This paper presents the proposal for an expert system based on the ISO 40500, ISO 24751 and UDL standards.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132037995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590783
K. Mosquera-Cordero, M. Amaya-Pinos, L. Calle-Arévalo, J. Zambrano-Abad, M. Carpio-Alemán
Since the beginning of 2020, the entire world has been affected by Covid-19, which has caused millions of infections and deaths, with older adults being the most affected population. Like many other countries in the world, Ecuador has shown a deficit of supplies to face this threat. Within this context, this article shows a pressure-cycled artificial ventilator alternative constructed with 3D printing material. The procedure includes a structural analysis simulation, the topology optimization of the mechanical structure and the implementation of air pressure control in the artificial lung bag. The results of this research shows that the proposed structural design for the artificial ventilator allows reducing the amount of construction material and therefore the manufacturing time, without affecting the effectiveness of its performance. In addition, analysis of the control system responses evidences that a classical PID controller allows the correct performance of the ventilator pressure control.
{"title":"Topology Optimization and Control Design of an Artificial Respirator","authors":"K. Mosquera-Cordero, M. Amaya-Pinos, L. Calle-Arévalo, J. Zambrano-Abad, M. Carpio-Alemán","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590783","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of 2020, the entire world has been affected by Covid-19, which has caused millions of infections and deaths, with older adults being the most affected population. Like many other countries in the world, Ecuador has shown a deficit of supplies to face this threat. Within this context, this article shows a pressure-cycled artificial ventilator alternative constructed with 3D printing material. The procedure includes a structural analysis simulation, the topology optimization of the mechanical structure and the implementation of air pressure control in the artificial lung bag. The results of this research shows that the proposed structural design for the artificial ventilator allows reducing the amount of construction material and therefore the manufacturing time, without affecting the effectiveness of its performance. In addition, analysis of the control system responses evidences that a classical PID controller allows the correct performance of the ventilator pressure control.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131410934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590651
Mateo Rendón, Christian Cao, Kevin Landázuri, L. Prócel, L. Trojman, R. Taco
The trade-offs of the Tunnel-FETs (TFETs) in terms of delay, energy per cycle, and noise margin are compared with 10 nm FinFETs for a wide voltage supply ranging from 200 to 600 mV with a specific focus on the ultra-low voltage domain. A calibration process is carried out to ensure the same off-current and extrinsic capacitance in both devices. The TFETs presented a high advantage in terms of delay as well as a penalty in energy consumed. As a result, the TFET circuits show a better Energy-Delay trade-off in voltages as low as 350 m V. This is explained by a larger capacitance caused by the nature of the intrinsic materials chosen of the device modelling.
{"title":"Assessment of 10 nm Tunnel- FETs and FinFETs transistors for ultra-low voltage and high-speed digital circuits","authors":"Mateo Rendón, Christian Cao, Kevin Landázuri, L. Prócel, L. Trojman, R. Taco","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590651","url":null,"abstract":"The trade-offs of the Tunnel-FETs (TFETs) in terms of delay, energy per cycle, and noise margin are compared with 10 nm FinFETs for a wide voltage supply ranging from 200 to 600 mV with a specific focus on the ultra-low voltage domain. A calibration process is carried out to ensure the same off-current and extrinsic capacitance in both devices. The TFETs presented a high advantage in terms of delay as well as a penalty in energy consumed. As a result, the TFET circuits show a better Energy-Delay trade-off in voltages as low as 350 m V. This is explained by a larger capacitance caused by the nature of the intrinsic materials chosen of the device modelling.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124228455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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