Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590742
Javier Cáceres-Hidalgo, D. Avila-Pesantez
Fifth-generation (5G) wireless technologies are characterized by high-speed transmission and greater capacity for millions of devices interconnected with low latency. However, having various enabling technologies like Network Slicing introduces new threats. In this work, we propose to carry out a systematic review of the literature that studies Cybersecurity in this environment. The Kitchenham & Carters method is used, posing three research questions. As a result, 41 papers that met the semantic search criteria were analyzed in the Science Direct Elsevier database, IEEE eXplorer digital library, and ACM digital library. The main security issues that affect 5G Network Slicing technology and the possible solutions that mitigate the vulnerabilities found were identified.
第五代(5G)无线技术的特点是高速传输和更大的容量，可以实现数百万台设备的低延迟互联。然而，拥有各种启用技术(如网络切片)会带来新的威胁。在这项工作中，我们建议对在这种环境下研究网络安全的文献进行系统回顾。使用了Kitchenham & carter方法，提出了三个研究问题。结果，在Science Direct Elsevier数据库、IEEE eXplorer数字图书馆和ACM数字图书馆中分析了41篇符合语义检索标准的论文。确定了影响5G网络切片技术的主要安全问题以及缓解发现的漏洞的可能解决方案。
{"title":"Cybersecurity Study in 5G Network Slicing Technology: A Systematic Mapping Review","authors":"Javier Cáceres-Hidalgo, D. Avila-Pesantez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590742","url":null,"abstract":"Fifth-generation (5G) wireless technologies are characterized by high-speed transmission and greater capacity for millions of devices interconnected with low latency. However, having various enabling technologies like Network Slicing introduces new threats. In this work, we propose to carry out a systematic review of the literature that studies Cybersecurity in this environment. The Kitchenham & Carters method is used, posing three research questions. As a result, 41 papers that met the semantic search criteria were analyzed in the Science Direct Elsevier database, IEEE eXplorer digital library, and ACM digital library. The main security issues that affect 5G Network Slicing technology and the possible solutions that mitigate the vulnerabilities found were identified.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125468400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590772
C. Bucheli, A. Luis, B. Reyes, Aristides
This paper is about off line continuous time systems identification. In particular, it deals with the identification of the temperature and pressure processes dynamics of viscous fluids in an industrial plate heat exchanger (PHE) by estimating the parameters of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) model. The lineal model is obtained around the linear dependence breaking point between the temperature and pressure variables of the glycerin and the viscosity of the working fluid. As a result of the identification, a multivariate model with two inputs and two outputs is provided which presents a fit of [87.79; 99.66] % (prediction focus), and FPE: 1.72e-07, MSE: 0.003592 with poles and zeros in the complex LHP plane suitable for control, what will allow to extend the investigation to the processes control with dynamics difficult to control. Keywords- MIMO systems identification, plate heat exchanger, transfer function matrix, poles and zeros, Gershgorin band
{"title":"Modeling and analysis by Viscous Fluid Heating Process Identification in a Plate Heat Exchanger","authors":"C. Bucheli, A. Luis, B. Reyes, Aristides","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590772","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is about off line continuous time systems identification. In particular, it deals with the identification of the temperature and pressure processes dynamics of viscous fluids in an industrial plate heat exchanger (PHE) by estimating the parameters of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) model. The lineal model is obtained around the linear dependence breaking point between the temperature and pressure variables of the glycerin and the viscosity of the working fluid. As a result of the identification, a multivariate model with two inputs and two outputs is provided which presents a fit of [87.79; 99.66] % (prediction focus), and FPE: 1.72e-07, MSE: 0.003592 with poles and zeros in the complex LHP plane suitable for control, what will allow to extend the investigation to the processes control with dynamics difficult to control. Keywords- MIMO systems identification, plate heat exchanger, transfer function matrix, poles and zeros, Gershgorin band","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127944111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590717
J. D. Hernández, Johanna E. Nandar, Ivaán D. Changoluisa, P. Cruz, E. Valencia
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become one of the most promising technologies in our days due to their outstanding autonomous capabilities, versatility and flexible operation. However, the autonomy offered by these systems limits their use in long-range applications. Also, the efficiency of the UAV propulsion systems remains low even though most of its components have evolved. The two main reason for these issues are: the energy density of the available batteries is quite low, and the propulsion system is not always properly sized according to the needs of the application. Therefore, increasing the flight time of the UAV by enhancing the efficiency of the propulsion systems is still a major challenge. In this sense, this paper aims for the design and implementation of a test-bench for propulsion system essays. Based on a mobile structure, it obtains thrust measures produced by the pair motor-propeller of a UAV. Moreover, by measuring the electric power consumption, the test-bench computes the energy efficiency of a given propulsion system configuration. The system is tested using the propulsion system components of a Skywalker X8 Fixed Wing UAV for two different configurations of the motor-propeller sets. Also, efficiency curves are plotted for each pair along with speed and power measures.
{"title":"Test-bench Development for the Efficiency Analysis of UAV Motor-Propeller Sets","authors":"J. D. Hernández, Johanna E. Nandar, Ivaán D. Changoluisa, P. Cruz, E. Valencia","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590717","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become one of the most promising technologies in our days due to their outstanding autonomous capabilities, versatility and flexible operation. However, the autonomy offered by these systems limits their use in long-range applications. Also, the efficiency of the UAV propulsion systems remains low even though most of its components have evolved. The two main reason for these issues are: the energy density of the available batteries is quite low, and the propulsion system is not always properly sized according to the needs of the application. Therefore, increasing the flight time of the UAV by enhancing the efficiency of the propulsion systems is still a major challenge. In this sense, this paper aims for the design and implementation of a test-bench for propulsion system essays. Based on a mobile structure, it obtains thrust measures produced by the pair motor-propeller of a UAV. Moreover, by measuring the electric power consumption, the test-bench computes the energy efficiency of a given propulsion system configuration. The system is tested using the propulsion system components of a Skywalker X8 Fixed Wing UAV for two different configurations of the motor-propeller sets. Also, efficiency curves are plotted for each pair along with speed and power measures.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133067518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590679
Daniel Peralta-Velecela, María Caridad Cáceres-Salamea, Villie Morocho
This article describes the architecture of a Blockchain subsystem to manage access through Digital Identity to the Electronic Medical Record of patients. During this work, the agile programming methodology focused on Blockchain by Marchesi et al. [1], was followed. Therefore, the development of the work was divided into a section for the programming of the Blockchain network and another section for the development of the part of user interfaces. The Hyperledger Fabric framework was used to set up the Blockchain network due to its focus on Digital Identity management. In addition, the graphical interface in React was developed to allow communication with users. The whole development had a modular approach, where three modules are worked in both sections of the project: Identity Management, Authority, and Consortium of Health Service Providers. This architecture has managed to be developed and its process and functioning are presented in this work.
{"title":"Digital Identity Proposal for Unified Medical Record using Blockchain technology","authors":"Daniel Peralta-Velecela, María Caridad Cáceres-Salamea, Villie Morocho","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590679","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the architecture of a Blockchain subsystem to manage access through Digital Identity to the Electronic Medical Record of patients. During this work, the agile programming methodology focused on Blockchain by Marchesi et al. [1], was followed. Therefore, the development of the work was divided into a section for the programming of the Blockchain network and another section for the development of the part of user interfaces. The Hyperledger Fabric framework was used to set up the Blockchain network due to its focus on Digital Identity management. In addition, the graphical interface in React was developed to allow communication with users. The whole development had a modular approach, where three modules are worked in both sections of the project: Identity Management, Authority, and Consortium of Health Service Providers. This architecture has managed to be developed and its process and functioning are presented in this work.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130602761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590664
Oscar M. Cumbicus-Pineda, Tania E. Abad-Eras, Lisset A. Neyra-Romero
In this paper, we applied data mining to determine the causes of gender-based violence against women in Ecuador. We divided the original database into 30 subsets, according to the scopes in which violence occurs. We previously classified these subsets using six algorithms, namely Decision Trees(J48), Exhaustive CHAID, Neural Networks, Nearest Neighbors (IBk), Decision Tables, and Random Forests. The results of this classification showed a bias towards the majority class; for this reason, we applied the SMOTE Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique to balance the classes and obtain better results. For the predictions of the causes of violence, we used Exhaustive CHAID because our variables are mostly non-binary, and this algorithm allowed us to generate trees with more than two branches. IBk algorithm was the best at globally classifying the data, and Random Forests performed the best in classification precision. The predictions obtained from the 30 subsets of data show that the most common causes for a woman to suffer violence are: when her partner drinks or consumes alcohol or drugs; if her partner is in another relationship; when her husbands suffered violence in childhood; and when the woman was touched without her consent or denigrated for being a woman.
{"title":"Data Mining to Determine the Causes of Gender-Based Violence against Women in Ecuador","authors":"Oscar M. Cumbicus-Pineda, Tania E. Abad-Eras, Lisset A. Neyra-Romero","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590664","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we applied data mining to determine the causes of gender-based violence against women in Ecuador. We divided the original database into 30 subsets, according to the scopes in which violence occurs. We previously classified these subsets using six algorithms, namely Decision Trees(J48), Exhaustive CHAID, Neural Networks, Nearest Neighbors (IBk), Decision Tables, and Random Forests. The results of this classification showed a bias towards the majority class; for this reason, we applied the SMOTE Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique to balance the classes and obtain better results. For the predictions of the causes of violence, we used Exhaustive CHAID because our variables are mostly non-binary, and this algorithm allowed us to generate trees with more than two branches. IBk algorithm was the best at globally classifying the data, and Random Forests performed the best in classification precision. The predictions obtained from the 30 subsets of data show that the most common causes for a woman to suffer violence are: when her partner drinks or consumes alcohol or drugs; if her partner is in another relationship; when her husbands suffered violence in childhood; and when the woman was touched without her consent or denigrated for being a woman.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127405918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590698
H. Aboukheir, M. Herrera, E. Iglesias, O. Camacho
In this paper, a fuzzy dynamic sliding mode controller is developed, starting from an internal model that minimizes the effect of the time delay in the control loop and provides the information for the control law calculation; with the resulting system, a dynamic sliding mode controller is designed including a modification on the discontinuous part using a fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno approximation to minimize the control efforts and stabilization time. The proposal is evaluated on a nonlinear time-varying mixing tank.
{"title":"Dynamic Sliding Mode Control based on Fuzzy Systems for Nonlinear Processes","authors":"H. Aboukheir, M. Herrera, E. Iglesias, O. Camacho","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590698","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a fuzzy dynamic sliding mode controller is developed, starting from an internal model that minimizes the effect of the time delay in the control loop and provides the information for the control law calculation; with the resulting system, a dynamic sliding mode controller is designed including a modification on the discontinuous part using a fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno approximation to minimize the control efforts and stabilization time. The proposal is evaluated on a nonlinear time-varying mixing tank.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122518354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590759
Alisson Moya, Yaritza Vinueza, O. Camacho
This paper presents the design, simulation, and comparison of different control techniques applied to control a mixing tank's temperature with variable parameters and dominant delay time. The process consists of mixing two fluids inside a tank with variable liquid volume. The cold inlet flow is manipulated through a control valve, and it is mixed with a hot inlet flow to obtain an outlet flow with the desired temperature. The aim of controlling the tank is to have a constant liquid temperature inside it, and it must also maintain that temperature by introducing hot flow disturbancesW1(t). A classic PI controller will be compared with two advanced control techniques, such as Sliding Mode Control and Linear Algebra, based on First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) models. These models capture the essential dynamics of several industrial processes simplifying controller design and tuning. Using ISE and ISU performance indexes, the mixing tank is subj ected to reference changes and disturbances to analyze the controller's performance.
{"title":"A Nonlinear Process with Variable Parameters and Long Deadtime: Sliding Mode and Linear Algebra Controller's Comparison.","authors":"Alisson Moya, Yaritza Vinueza, O. Camacho","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590759","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design, simulation, and comparison of different control techniques applied to control a mixing tank's temperature with variable parameters and dominant delay time. The process consists of mixing two fluids inside a tank with variable liquid volume. The cold inlet flow is manipulated through a control valve, and it is mixed with a hot inlet flow to obtain an outlet flow with the desired temperature. The aim of controlling the tank is to have a constant liquid temperature inside it, and it must also maintain that temperature by introducing hot flow disturbancesW1(t). A classic PI controller will be compared with two advanced control techniques, such as Sliding Mode Control and Linear Algebra, based on First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) models. These models capture the essential dynamics of several industrial processes simplifying controller design and tuning. Using ISE and ISU performance indexes, the mixing tank is subj ected to reference changes and disturbances to analyze the controller's performance.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124708108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590684
Milton Campoverde-Molina, S. Luján-Mora, L. Valverde
The Web is essential for education and e-learning. This situation has been boosted by migration to distance education due to the SARS-Co V-2. However, students with disabilities have been seriously affected because online teaching is very often not accessible. For this reason, this research aims to evaluate the accessibility of the homepages of the web portals of the Ecuadorian higher education institutions ranked in the Webometrics with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 of the World Wide Web Consortium. The results obtained determined that the 65 homepages analyzed of the web portals have accessibility errors. Therefore, we concluded that we should adopt the WCAG in the web sites to comply with the Ecuadorian technical regulation RTE INEN 288 “Accessibility for web content.”
网络对教育和电子学习至关重要。由于新冠肺炎V-2疫情，人们纷纷转向远程教育，这一情况进一步加剧。然而，残疾学生受到了严重影响，因为在线教学往往无法访问。因此，本研究旨在评估厄瓜多尔高等教育机构门户网站主页的可访问性，这些机构在万维网联盟的web内容可访问性指南(WCAG) 2.1的网络计量学中排名。结果表明，分析的65个门户网站主页存在可访问性错误。因此，我们得出结论，我们应该在网站中采用WCAG，以符合厄瓜多尔技术法规RTE INEN 288“网页内容的可访问性”。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Accessibility of the Homepages of the Web Portals of Ecuadorian Higher Education Institutions Ranked in Webometrics","authors":"Milton Campoverde-Molina, S. Luján-Mora, L. Valverde","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590684","url":null,"abstract":"The Web is essential for education and e-learning. This situation has been boosted by migration to distance education due to the SARS-Co V-2. However, students with disabilities have been seriously affected because online teaching is very often not accessible. For this reason, this research aims to evaluate the accessibility of the homepages of the web portals of the Ecuadorian higher education institutions ranked in the Webometrics with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 of the World Wide Web Consortium. The results obtained determined that the 65 homepages analyzed of the web portals have accessibility errors. Therefore, we concluded that we should adopt the WCAG in the web sites to comply with the Ecuadorian technical regulation RTE INEN 288 “Accessibility for web content.”","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132412787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590800
M. Cardona
In this paper, the Jacobian analysis of the ALICE exoskeleton rehabilitation Robot is presented. The Jacobian matrix is described and the workspace is determined. Then, the Yoshikawa and Condition Index are studied to analyze the performance of the manipulator. MAT LAB as programming tool and testing platform is used.
{"title":"Exoskeleton Robot for Rehabilitation ALICE: Jacobian and Workspace Analysis","authors":"M. Cardona","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590800","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Jacobian analysis of the ALICE exoskeleton rehabilitation Robot is presented. The Jacobian matrix is described and the workspace is determined. Then, the Yoshikawa and Condition Index are studied to analyze the performance of the manipulator. MAT LAB as programming tool and testing platform is used.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132805839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590822
D. L. Oliveira, Nicolly N. M. Cardoso, G. Batista
Due to the clock signal's problems, in the design of synchronous circuits today, asynchronous circuits are a design alternative because they operate by event, so they do not use the clock signal. An essential class of asynchronous circuits, due to simplified timing analysis and robustness to PVT variations (process, supply voltage, temperature), is the class called quasi delay insensitive (QDI). However, QDI circuits have high overhead due to signal coding, which uses delay insensitive code and excessive C elements. This paper proposes a new architecture based on basic gates and laches RS to implement self-timed combinatorial circuits (ST _ CC). The ST _ CC circuits implemented in the new architecture interact with the environment in strong-indication; therefore, they are highly robust in interacting with the environment. The proposal proves to be promising for six benchmarks comparing the proposed architecture with miscellaneous architectures from the literature. Our proposal achieved an average reduction of up to 59.2 % in transistors without using C elements.
{"title":"A New Method for Synthesis of Self-Timed Combinational Circuits with Strong Indication","authors":"D. L. Oliveira, Nicolly N. M. Cardoso, G. Batista","doi":"10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM53643.2021.9590822","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the clock signal's problems, in the design of synchronous circuits today, asynchronous circuits are a design alternative because they operate by event, so they do not use the clock signal. An essential class of asynchronous circuits, due to simplified timing analysis and robustness to PVT variations (process, supply voltage, temperature), is the class called quasi delay insensitive (QDI). However, QDI circuits have high overhead due to signal coding, which uses delay insensitive code and excessive C elements. This paper proposes a new architecture based on basic gates and laches RS to implement self-timed combinatorial circuits (ST _ CC). The ST _ CC circuits implemented in the new architecture interact with the environment in strong-indication; therefore, they are highly robust in interacting with the environment. The proposal proves to be promising for six benchmarks comparing the proposed architecture with miscellaneous architectures from the literature. Our proposal achieved an average reduction of up to 59.2 % in transistors without using C elements.","PeriodicalId":438567,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132107328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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