Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2023.2184918
Sanjay K. Bissoyi
{"title":"Provincializing Bollywood: Bhojpuri Cinema in the Comparative Media Crucible","authors":"Sanjay K. Bissoyi","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2023.2184918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2023.2184918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"14 1","pages":"380 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41843534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2023.2184919
A. Sarkar
{"title":"Rabindranath Tagore and James Henry Cousins: a conversation in letters, 1915-1940","authors":"A. Sarkar","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2023.2184919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2023.2184919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"14 1","pages":"382 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45721700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2023.2178070
Urmishree Bedamatta
ABSTRACT The paper studies how Sarala Dasa’s Mahabharata was received in the colonial Odia public sphere in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It received the attention of early antiquarian scholars like Rajendralal Mitra who used the composition as a source to study Odisha’s historical past. The antiquarian exercise created the discursive environment in which the first popular print editions arrived in the market. Despite its popularity, the educated public initially dismissed Sarala’s Mahabharata as a work of little merit in comparison to the Sanskrit Mahabharata. However, the perception soon changed, and it began to receive the attention of scholars like Mrutyunjaya Rath and Gopinath Nandasharma who conducted the first serious antiquarian-philological studies of the epic in Odia. This essay traces the development of Odia language scholarship on Sarala Mahabharata, and its relationship with the popular Odia nationalist self-assertion. It concludes by tracing the contours of a debate on the temporal and spatial location of Sarala which took place immediately after independence and the subsequent publication of its definitive edition.
{"title":"Sarala Mahabharata in the colonial Odia public sphere","authors":"Urmishree Bedamatta","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2023.2178070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2023.2178070","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper studies how Sarala Dasa’s Mahabharata was received in the colonial Odia public sphere in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It received the attention of early antiquarian scholars like Rajendralal Mitra who used the composition as a source to study Odisha’s historical past. The antiquarian exercise created the discursive environment in which the first popular print editions arrived in the market. Despite its popularity, the educated public initially dismissed Sarala’s Mahabharata as a work of little merit in comparison to the Sanskrit Mahabharata. However, the perception soon changed, and it began to receive the attention of scholars like Mrutyunjaya Rath and Gopinath Nandasharma who conducted the first serious antiquarian-philological studies of the epic in Odia. This essay traces the development of Odia language scholarship on Sarala Mahabharata, and its relationship with the popular Odia nationalist self-assertion. It concludes by tracing the contours of a debate on the temporal and spatial location of Sarala which took place immediately after independence and the subsequent publication of its definitive edition.","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"14 1","pages":"405 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41499275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To control the spread of nCoV-2 (COVID-19), almost all countries are taking active non-therapeutic measures. COVID-19 has delivered to the fore the long-standing debates on ethics, public health ethics, and moral values. Human life is uncertain and threatened due to no medical invention generally to guard life against this dangerous virus by using social and community protection to be maintained as a safeguard. For affected individuals and fair dealings, ethics, ethical values, and morality are the sole force to dominate this case and are thought-about vital tools. Patients, their relatives, aid workers, policymakers, and the general public face ethical issues due to the pandemic. The foremost attentive ethical problems during this crisis area unit human rights, obligations for healthcare staff, and obligations of nations and intergovernmental organizations. Then, at that point, the test of moral qualities is a unit that has been addressed: the morals of segregation and social separation, the obligation of care of teammates with patients, and admittance to treatment when assets are restricted. This article will clarify the ethical framework and ethical values of the main tools in non-pharmacological and non-vaccine-related situations of this disease. It will provide a basic ethical framework to guide decision-makers at all levels in the preparation and response to COVID-19, with much attention paid to allocating scarce resources. Data was gathered and reviewed from secondary documents, observation, and previous studies such as articles and journals. Bangladesh, one of the foremost inhabited territories in this world, has an extreme challenge to implement mitigation measures for this extensive corruption and mismanagement problem. The findings of this study show that the various ethical aspects are the only power for managing COVID-19. An ethical framework that promotes trust-building and solidarity and guides decision-making can still be developed. This study will play a role in ethically combating this devastating COVID-19 pandemic and creating a model for the authority that will maintain ethical values in numerous segments of the department. This writing will also guide, by the notion of position, notions of trust, ethical behavior, and sensible decision-making and apply these ethical concerns to the present situations for the pandemic, and provide individuals ways to attach and facilitate every other.
{"title":"The Ethical Framework with COVID-19 and Challenges of Bangladesh Government: A Critical Discussion","authors":"A. Momen, M. Ebrahimi, A. M. Hassan","doi":"10.5539/ach.v15n1p51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v15n1p51","url":null,"abstract":"To control the spread of nCoV-2 (COVID-19), almost all countries are taking active non-therapeutic measures. COVID-19 has delivered to the fore the long-standing debates on ethics, public health ethics, and moral values. Human life is uncertain and threatened due to no medical invention generally to guard life against this dangerous virus by using social and community protection to be maintained as a safeguard. For affected individuals and fair dealings, ethics, ethical values, and morality are the sole force to dominate this case and are thought-about vital tools. Patients, their relatives, aid workers, policymakers, and the general public face ethical issues due to the pandemic. The foremost attentive ethical problems during this crisis area unit human rights, obligations for healthcare staff, and obligations of nations and intergovernmental organizations. Then, at that point, the test of moral qualities is a unit that has been addressed: the morals of segregation and social separation, the obligation of care of teammates with patients, and admittance to treatment when assets are restricted. This article will clarify the ethical framework and ethical values of the main tools in non-pharmacological and non-vaccine-related situations of this disease. It will provide a basic ethical framework to guide decision-makers at all levels in the preparation and response to COVID-19, with much attention paid to allocating scarce resources. Data was gathered and reviewed from secondary documents, observation, and previous studies such as articles and journals. Bangladesh, one of the foremost inhabited territories in this world, has an extreme challenge to implement mitigation measures for this extensive corruption and mismanagement problem. The findings of this study show that the various ethical aspects are the only power for managing COVID-19. An ethical framework that promotes trust-building and solidarity and guides decision-making can still be developed. This study will play a role in ethically combating this devastating COVID-19 pandemic and creating a model for the authority that will maintain ethical values in numerous segments of the department. This writing will also guide, by the notion of position, notions of trust, ethical behavior, and sensible decision-making and apply these ethical concerns to the present situations for the pandemic, and provide individuals ways to attach and facilitate every other.","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89687278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is the first paper to analyze the tripartite linguistic structure of Isaiah using Random Forest Regression, a supervised machine learning statistical approach. By predicting the occurrences of ‘judgment’ and ‘hope’ verses, we examine the threefold structure of Isaiah (section 1--chapters 1-39; section 2--chapters 40-55; and section 3--chapters 56-66) for differences in expression within and between each section. We find more inter-sectional homogeneity between sections 1 and 2 than between sections 1 and 3 or between sections 2 and 3, with respect to both judgment and hope word structures. Moreover, analysis of the judgment-vs-hope word structure indicate that section 3 heterogeneity differs significantly from sections 1 and 2 homogeneity, reinforcing the hypothesis that there is indeed a post-exilic authorship of section 3 (Isaiah 56-66).
{"title":"Isaiah’s Structure from Random Forest Regression Analysis","authors":"R. Butler","doi":"10.5539/ach.v15n1p34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v15n1p34","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first paper to analyze the tripartite linguistic structure of Isaiah using Random Forest Regression, a supervised machine learning statistical approach. By predicting the occurrences of ‘judgment’ and ‘hope’ verses, we examine the threefold structure of Isaiah (section 1--chapters 1-39; section 2--chapters 40-55; and section 3--chapters 56-66) for differences in expression within and between each section. We find more inter-sectional homogeneity between sections 1 and 2 than between sections 1 and 3 or between sections 2 and 3, with respect to both judgment and hope word structures. Moreover, analysis of the judgment-vs-hope word structure indicate that section 3 heterogeneity differs significantly from sections 1 and 2 homogeneity, reinforcing the hypothesis that there is indeed a post-exilic authorship of section 3 (Isaiah 56-66).","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89838950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2023.2175416
Ajay Gehlawat
ABSTRACT Though only fifteen at the time and originally from Pakistan, Nazia Hassan arguably reshaped female playback singing in popular Hindi cinema with ‘Aap jaise koi,’ the hit song she recorded for Qurbani (1980). Hassan’s song for this film, and her ensuing hit songs for the subsequent film, Star (1982), can be seen as ushering in a new type of female playback singing which corresponds in many ways with the simultaneous advent of the disco phenomenon and the new woman in Hindi cinema. Yet this paper will explore how Hassan’s voice became disarticulated from the heroine performing (to) this singing, through her shifting pitch and ensuing release of private albums, including Disco Deewane (1981), which became the first successful pop album in South Asia. Hassan’s sonic detachment from the Bollywood ecumene can also be seen in the attendant onscreen female performer’s inability to effectively match this new female sound via her subsequent dance performance. Such disarticulation has deeper resonances for both representations of the heroine in Hindi cinema and the segmentation of such female representation, between desiring, offscreen voice and moving, onscreen body. Along with exploring how Hassan played a key role in rearticulating such dynamics, this paper will examine the broader legacy of her voice, as in contemporary Bollywood homages such as ‘The Disco Song,’ from Student of the Year (2012), in which Hassan's voice is supplanted by contemporary playback singer Sunidhi Chauhan’s, as well as how its erasure reformulates the attendant historiography of early ‘80s Hindi cinema.
{"title":"Disco Nazia: disarticulating female playback and the heroine in early ‘80s Hindi cinema","authors":"Ajay Gehlawat","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2023.2175416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2023.2175416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Though only fifteen at the time and originally from Pakistan, Nazia Hassan arguably reshaped female playback singing in popular Hindi cinema with ‘Aap jaise koi,’ the hit song she recorded for Qurbani (1980). Hassan’s song for this film, and her ensuing hit songs for the subsequent film, Star (1982), can be seen as ushering in a new type of female playback singing which corresponds in many ways with the simultaneous advent of the disco phenomenon and the new woman in Hindi cinema. Yet this paper will explore how Hassan’s voice became disarticulated from the heroine performing (to) this singing, through her shifting pitch and ensuing release of private albums, including Disco Deewane (1981), which became the first successful pop album in South Asia. Hassan’s sonic detachment from the Bollywood ecumene can also be seen in the attendant onscreen female performer’s inability to effectively match this new female sound via her subsequent dance performance. Such disarticulation has deeper resonances for both representations of the heroine in Hindi cinema and the segmentation of such female representation, between desiring, offscreen voice and moving, onscreen body. Along with exploring how Hassan played a key role in rearticulating such dynamics, this paper will examine the broader legacy of her voice, as in contemporary Bollywood homages such as ‘The Disco Song,’ from Student of the Year (2012), in which Hassan's voice is supplanted by contemporary playback singer Sunidhi Chauhan’s, as well as how its erasure reformulates the attendant historiography of early ‘80s Hindi cinema.","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"14 1","pages":"285 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47236162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2022.2162733
Ilanit Loewy Shacham, Harshita Mruthinti Kamath
{"title":"Dangerous to auspicious: vernacular transformations of a Telugu epic","authors":"Ilanit Loewy Shacham, Harshita Mruthinti Kamath","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2022.2162733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2022.2162733","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
China’s political, social and cultural environment has a whole system; it is mainly shaped by Confucian culture and the whole system determines the development direction of Confucianism too. According to the sociocultural perspective, we must confirm that the way of thinking and behavior of people have been shaped by their culture, it’s the same for China. This essay will explore the main aspects of Confucianism and analyses the influence that Confucianism bears upon Chinese people. The reason why this essay analyses these influences is its unprecedented and unchallenged effects for China’s cultural ecology.
{"title":"A Study of the Features of Confucianism: Secularization, Maximal Morality and Minimal Enlightenment","authors":"Zhenzhou Zhao, Fengzhen Cui, Fang Zhou","doi":"10.5539/ach.v15n1p18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v15n1p18","url":null,"abstract":"China’s political, social and cultural environment has a whole system; it is mainly shaped by Confucian culture and the whole system determines the development direction of Confucianism too. According to the sociocultural perspective, we must confirm that the way of thinking and behavior of people have been shaped by their culture, it’s the same for China. This essay will explore the main aspects of Confucianism and analyses the influence that Confucianism bears upon Chinese people. The reason why this essay analyses these influences is its unprecedented and unchallenged effects for China’s cultural ecology.","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77221539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2023.2171755
Smita Banerjee
ABSTRACT This article focuses on analysing the 1980s Hindi cinema through Om Puri’s (1950–2017) text. Much awarded, feted and internationally known for acting in Hollywood and British productions, Puri’s text needs to be mapped critically. If Bachchan’s star text has acquired a metonymic status typifying the 1970s, then the 1980s can be termed as the Om Puri decade as his cinematic text navigated across New Wave films housing the politics and praxis of the ‘subaltern peasant body’, inhabiting the disenchantment of the times in films such as Aarohan, Ardh Satya, Aakrosh, Susman, Mirch Masala, etc. This article analyses Aakrosh (1980) and Aarohan (1982) and his biography, Unlikely Hero (2009), and attempts to uncover the nodes of Puri’s actor/star text as a crucial site for excavating the much-neglected history of the subaltern male actor/subaltern-citizen in the New Wave Hindi cinema of the 1980s. The critical questions for the article are: Can one move away from the towering Bachchan phenomena and chart out a different trajectory of the male actor for the Hindi film hero/protagonist? How can one locate the emergence of this male actor with a different idiom of masculinity that typifies the 1980s Hindi cinema, borrowing Peberdy’s argument on masculine performative angst in American films of the 1990s? Can Puri’s text that navigated the parallel and the popular be used to map the emergence of another node of the actor/star such as Nawazuddin Siddiqui for the contemporary Hindi cinema?
{"title":"Om Puri in/and 1980s Hindi cinema: narrating the ‘nation’ and the ‘subaltern protagonist’","authors":"Smita Banerjee","doi":"10.1080/19472498.2023.2171755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2023.2171755","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on analysing the 1980s Hindi cinema through Om Puri’s (1950–2017) text. Much awarded, feted and internationally known for acting in Hollywood and British productions, Puri’s text needs to be mapped critically. If Bachchan’s star text has acquired a metonymic status typifying the 1970s, then the 1980s can be termed as the Om Puri decade as his cinematic text navigated across New Wave films housing the politics and praxis of the ‘subaltern peasant body’, inhabiting the disenchantment of the times in films such as Aarohan, Ardh Satya, Aakrosh, Susman, Mirch Masala, etc. This article analyses Aakrosh (1980) and Aarohan (1982) and his biography, Unlikely Hero (2009), and attempts to uncover the nodes of Puri’s actor/star text as a crucial site for excavating the much-neglected history of the subaltern male actor/subaltern-citizen in the New Wave Hindi cinema of the 1980s. The critical questions for the article are: Can one move away from the towering Bachchan phenomena and chart out a different trajectory of the male actor for the Hindi film hero/protagonist? How can one locate the emergence of this male actor with a different idiom of masculinity that typifies the 1980s Hindi cinema, borrowing Peberdy’s argument on masculine performative angst in American films of the 1990s? Can Puri’s text that navigated the parallel and the popular be used to map the emergence of another node of the actor/star such as Nawazuddin Siddiqui for the contemporary Hindi cinema?","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"14 1","pages":"298 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41603115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hangeul, the Korean orthography is well known for its scientific design that emphasizes the link between sounds and letter shapes. However, it hasn’t been asked so far ‘how systematic’ it is. We quantify, for the first time, the grapho-phonemic systematicity of hangeul. We defined Korean phonemes as binary vectors according to articulatory features and then measured the pairwise phonemic distance between phonemes using multiple methods. We measured the pairwise visual distance between letter shapes by (a) stroke share rate, which reflects the original principles of hangeul’s creation, and (b) Hausdorff distance (Huttenlocher et al., 1993), which measures topological difference between images. We then tested the correlation between the phonological distances and the corresponding orthographical distances. Positive correlations clearly indicated that similar letters tend to have similar pronunciations in Korean hangeul. Stroke share rate maximizes hangeul’s grapho-phonemic systematicity. Hausdorff distance, an initial step in the detailed quantifying of visual distance, allows similar calculations to be carried out with any hangeul font and with any other orthography (Jee, Tamariz, & Shillcock, 2021; 2022a; 2022b). Consciously designed to be phonologically transparent, hangeul can be considered as the gold standard of grapho-phonemic systematicity. We discuss the implications of this systematicity.
韩国文的正字法以强调发音和字母形状之间的联系的科学设计而闻名。然而，到目前为止，还没有人问它“有多系统”。我们首次量化了韩文的文字音位系统。我们根据发音特征将韩语音素定义为二元向量，然后用多种方法测量音素之间的成对音素距离。我们通过(a)笔画共享率(反映韩文创作的原始原则)和(b)豪斯多夫距离(hutenlocher et al.， 1993)来测量字母形状之间的两向视觉距离，前者测量图像之间的拓扑差异。然后我们测试了语音距离和相应的正字法距离之间的相关性。正相关关系清楚地表明，相似的字母在韩国语中往往有相似的发音。笔画占比最大化了韩文的字形音素系统性。豪斯多夫距离是详细量化视觉距离的第一步，它允许对任何韩文字体和任何其他正字法进行类似的计算(Jee, Tamariz， & Shillcock, 2021;2022年;2022 b)。有意识地设计成音位透明，韩文可以被认为是书写音位系统的黄金标准。我们将讨论这种系统性的含义。
{"title":"Quantified Grapho-Phonemic Systematicity in Korean Hangeul","authors":"Hana Jee, M. Tamariz, R. Shillcock","doi":"10.5539/ach.v15n1p25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v15n1p25","url":null,"abstract":"Hangeul, the Korean orthography is well known for its scientific design that emphasizes the link between sounds and letter shapes. However, it hasn’t been asked so far ‘how systematic’ it is. We quantify, for the first time, the grapho-phonemic systematicity of hangeul. We defined Korean phonemes as binary vectors according to articulatory features and then measured the pairwise phonemic distance between phonemes using multiple methods. We measured the pairwise visual distance between letter shapes by (a) stroke share rate, which reflects the original principles of hangeul’s creation, and (b) Hausdorff distance (Huttenlocher et al., 1993), which measures topological difference between images. We then tested the correlation between the phonological distances and the corresponding orthographical distances. Positive correlations clearly indicated that similar letters tend to have similar pronunciations in Korean hangeul. Stroke share rate maximizes hangeul’s grapho-phonemic systematicity. Hausdorff distance, an initial step in the detailed quantifying of visual distance, allows similar calculations to be carried out with any hangeul font and with any other orthography (Jee, Tamariz, & Shillcock, 2021; 2022a; 2022b). Consciously designed to be phonologically transparent, hangeul can be considered as the gold standard of grapho-phonemic systematicity. We discuss the implications of this systematicity.","PeriodicalId":43902,"journal":{"name":"South Asian History and Culture","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88771445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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