Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440308
K. Claflin
In the early twentieth century, French academic veterinarians launched a meat trade reform movement. Their primary objective was the construction of a network of regional industrial abattoirs equipped with refrigeration. These modern, efficient abattoirs-usines would produce and distribute chilled dead meat, rather than livestock, to centers of consumption, particularly Paris. This system was hygienic and economical and intended to replace the insanitary artisanal meat trade centered on the La Villette cattle market and abattoir in Paris. The first abattoirs-usines opened during World War I, but within 10 years the experiment had begun to encounter serious difficulties. For decades afterward, the experiment survived in the collective memory as a complete fiasco, even though some abattoirs-usines in fact persisted by altering their business models. This article examines the roadblocks of the interwar era and the effects of both the problems and their perception on the post-1945 meat trade.
{"title":"Abattoirs-Usines, the Modernizing Project for the French Meat Trade, and World War I","authors":"K. Claflin","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440308","url":null,"abstract":"In the early twentieth century, French academic veterinarians launched a meat\u0000trade reform movement. Their primary objective was the construction of a network of regional\u0000industrial abattoirs equipped with refrigeration. These modern, efficient abattoirs-usines\u0000would produce and distribute chilled dead meat, rather than livestock, to centers of\u0000consumption, particularly Paris. This system was hygienic and economical and intended\u0000to replace the insanitary artisanal meat trade centered on the La Villette cattle market and\u0000abattoir in Paris. The first abattoirs-usines opened during World War I, but within 10 years\u0000the experiment had begun to encounter serious difficulties. For decades afterward, the\u0000experiment survived in the collective memory as a complete fiasco, even though some\u0000abattoirs-usines in fact persisted by altering their business models. This article examines the\u0000roadblocks of the interwar era and the effects of both the problems and their perception\u0000on the post-1945 meat trade.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42743452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3167/hrrh.2018.440305
W. Newsome
At the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Society for French Historical Studies, Willa Silverman and Kyri Claflin delivered presentations for a session entitled “Eating and Edifying: Perspectives on the Culinary History of the Third Republic.” Chaired by Janet Horne and with commentary by Paul Freedman, the panel offered innovative perspectives on French food history. Refined in response to Freedman’s suggestions, the contributions of Silverman and Claflin form the nucleus of the present forum. Michael Garval has joined Silverman and Claflin with an article of his own, and all three have benefited from the recommendations of two double-blind peer reviewers. The finished product—now two years in the making—is one that Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques is pleased to present to its readers.
{"title":"Introduction","authors":"W. Newsome","doi":"10.3167/hrrh.2018.440305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2018.440305","url":null,"abstract":"At the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Society for French Historical Studies,\u0000Willa Silverman and Kyri Claflin delivered presentations for a session\u0000entitled “Eating and Edifying: Perspectives on the Culinary History of\u0000the Third Republic.” Chaired by Janet Horne and with commentary by Paul\u0000Freedman, the panel offered innovative perspectives on French food history.\u0000Refined in response to Freedman’s suggestions, the contributions of Silverman\u0000and Claflin form the nucleus of the present forum. Michael Garval has\u0000joined Silverman and Claflin with an article of his own, and all three have\u0000benefited from the recommendations of two double-blind peer reviewers.\u0000The finished product—now two years in the making—is one that Historical\u0000Reflections/Réflexions Historiques is pleased to present to its readers.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42672861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440302
P. Davis
Restoration-era discourse on the montagnes russes—early roller coasters—reveals how leisure activity could become a lightning rod for perspectives on public space, tensions among social groups, and expressions of patriotism. Eager to profit from the montagnes russes craze, boulevard theaters hosted a number of plays on the subject. Through the buffoonish character M. Calicot, one such comedy—entitled The Battle of the Mountains— caricatured young clothing-trade salesclerks who frequented roller-coaster parks. The play provoked the ire of some of these men, who “waged war” on the Variety Theater, where the play was performed. The conflict in turn sparked satires in print, visual, and other media. These cultural productions both reflected the short-lived mania for roller coasters and shaped attitudes in their own right, all while employing laughter to deal with postwar trauma.
{"title":"Montagnes Russes and Calicot","authors":"P. Davis","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440302","url":null,"abstract":"Restoration-era discourse on the montagnes russes—early roller coasters—reveals\u0000how leisure activity could become a lightning rod for perspectives on public space,\u0000tensions among social groups, and expressions of patriotism. Eager to profit from the montagnes\u0000russes craze, boulevard theaters hosted a number of plays on the subject. Through the\u0000buffoonish character M. Calicot, one such comedy—entitled The Battle of the Mountains—\u0000caricatured young clothing-trade salesclerks who frequented roller-coaster parks. The play\u0000provoked the ire of some of these men, who “waged war” on the Variety Theater, where the\u0000play was performed. The conflict in turn sparked satires in print, visual, and other media.\u0000These cultural productions both reflected the short-lived mania for roller coasters and shaped\u0000attitudes in their own right, all while employing laughter to deal with postwar trauma.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49151146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440307
W. Silverman
Between 1893 and 1901, the Parisian traiteur Potel et Chabot catered a series of gala meals celebrating the recent Franco-Russian alliance, which was heralded in France as ending its diplomatic isolation following the Franco-Prussian War. The firm was well adapted to the particularities of the unlikely alliance between Tsarist Russia and republican France. On the one hand, it represented a tradition of French luxury production, including haute cuisine, that the Third Republic was eager to promote. On the other, echoing the Republic’s championing of scientific and technological progress, it relied on innovative transportation and food conservation technologies, which it deployed spectacularly during a 1900 banquet for over twenty-two thousand French mayors, a modern “mega-event.” Culinary discourse therefore signaled, and palliated concerns about, the improbable nature of the alliance at the same time as it revealed important changes taking place in the catering profession.
1893年至1901年间，巴黎开拓者Potel et Chabot为庆祝最近的法俄联盟提供了一系列美食，这在普法战争后法国结束了外交孤立。该公司很好地适应了沙俄和共和国法国之间不太可能结盟的特殊性。一方面，它代表了法国奢侈品生产的传统，包括第三共和国渴望推广的高级产品。另一方面，为了呼应共和国对科技进步的支持，它依靠创新的交通和食品保护技术，在1900年为22000多名法国市长举行的宴会上，这是一场现代的“大型活动”，它引人注目地部署了这些技术，联盟的不太可能的性质同时也揭示了餐饮业正在发生的重要变化。
{"title":"Of Traiteurs and Tsars","authors":"W. Silverman","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440307","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1893 and 1901, the Parisian traiteur Potel et Chabot catered a series of\u0000gala meals celebrating the recent Franco-Russian alliance, which was heralded in France as\u0000ending its diplomatic isolation following the Franco-Prussian War. The firm was well adapted\u0000to the particularities of the unlikely alliance between Tsarist Russia and republican France.\u0000On the one hand, it represented a tradition of French luxury production, including haute\u0000cuisine, that the Third Republic was eager to promote. On the other, echoing the Republic’s\u0000championing of scientific and technological progress, it relied on innovative transportation\u0000and food conservation technologies, which it deployed spectacularly during a 1900 banquet\u0000for over twenty-two thousand French mayors, a modern “mega-event.” Culinary discourse\u0000therefore signaled, and palliated concerns about, the improbable nature of the alliance at\u0000the same time as it revealed important changes taking place in the catering profession.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42150946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440303
Sun-Young Park
Postrevolutionary Paris witnessed a brief flowering of commercial gardens, precursors to the modern-day amusement park, which cultivated nature, exercise, and health in an urbanizing context. Bridging the eighteenth-century jardin-spectacle and the Second Empire network of public parks, pleasure grounds such as the Grand Tivoli and the Beaujon garden offered a range of activities including gymnastic games, bicycling, and, most strikingly of all, exhilarating rides on early roller coasters known as montagnes russes. Situated on the periphery of a rapidly densifying city and abstracting natural forms for urban consumption, these rides integrated discourses of hygiene and recreation. Analyzing these short-lived curiosities from the vantage points of medical, cultural, and urban history, this article argues that the montagnes russes helped disseminate modern conceptions of health and gender in popular culture.
{"title":"Hygienic Promenades","authors":"Sun-Young Park","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440303","url":null,"abstract":"Postrevolutionary Paris witnessed a brief flowering of commercial gardens, precursors\u0000to the modern-day amusement park, which cultivated nature, exercise, and health\u0000in an urbanizing context. Bridging the eighteenth-century jardin-spectacle and the Second\u0000Empire network of public parks, pleasure grounds such as the Grand Tivoli and the Beaujon\u0000garden offered a range of activities including gymnastic games, bicycling, and, most\u0000strikingly of all, exhilarating rides on early roller coasters known as montagnes russes. Situated\u0000on the periphery of a rapidly densifying city and abstracting natural forms for urban\u0000consumption, these rides integrated discourses of hygiene and recreation. Analyzing these\u0000short-lived curiosities from the vantage points of medical, cultural, and urban history, this\u0000article argues that the montagnes russes helped disseminate modern conceptions of health\u0000and gender in popular culture.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47373452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440203
J. Burson
This article suggests the further resituating of the origins of the early European Enlightenment in what William J. Bouwsma has called the “waning Renaissance.” The waning Renaissance was more than simply a Neoplatonic reaction first against humanism and second against a moribund Aristotelianism. Instead, it bequeathed to the early Enlightenment a chastened, initially less optimistic humanism among scholars whose work prepared the way for the eighteenth-century aversion to system-building, and a greater respect for meticulously circumscribed, useful certainties. This article argues that the “waning Renaissance” derived from the increasingly pervasive perception by writers that eclectic systems fusing Hermeticism, scholasticism, and humanism represented an overweening confidence in the ability of humankind to perfect the natural and human orders. In diverse ways, this article contends that the reactions to such overconfidence by John Calvin, Francis Bacon, the Paduan Aristotelians, and Galileo foreshadowed early Enlightenment skepticism and empiricism.
{"title":"An Intellectual Genealogy of the Revolt against “Esprit de Système”","authors":"J. Burson","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440203","url":null,"abstract":"This article suggests the further resituating of the origins of the early European\u0000Enlightenment in what William J. Bouwsma has called the “waning Renaissance.” The\u0000waning Renaissance was more than simply a Neoplatonic reaction first against humanism\u0000and second against a moribund Aristotelianism. Instead, it bequeathed to the early Enlightenment\u0000a chastened, initially less optimistic humanism among scholars whose work\u0000prepared the way for the eighteenth-century aversion to system-building, and a greater respect\u0000for meticulously circumscribed, useful certainties. This article argues that the “waning\u0000Renaissance” derived from the increasingly pervasive perception by writers that eclectic\u0000systems fusing Hermeticism, scholasticism, and humanism represented an overweening\u0000confidence in the ability of humankind to perfect the natural and human orders. In diverse\u0000ways, this article contends that the reactions to such overconfidence by John Calvin, Francis\u0000Bacon, the Paduan Aristotelians, and Galileo foreshadowed early Enlightenment skepticism\u0000and empiricism.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41946170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440206
Chanhaeng Lee
In this article, I argue that Korean immigrant merchants were active agents who opened small businesses in South Central Los Angeles in order to overcome a range of disadvantages faced in American society. From a structural point of view, Korean immigrant merchants constituted a middleman minority group that played the dual role of “oppressed and oppressor” in the suburban ghetto. Although these merchants made efforts to maintain civil relations with their African American customers, they were often treated with hostile attitudes largely because of the exploitative relationship that existed between the two groups. However, I maintain that Korean American journalists and scholars have not only misunderstood the identity of the middleman minority as an innocent buffer but have also erroneously estimated that race relations with African Americans in Los Angeles were better than those in other areas of the United States.
{"title":"Migration to the “First Large Suburban Ghetto” in America","authors":"Chanhaeng Lee","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440206","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I argue that Korean immigrant merchants were active agents who\u0000opened small businesses in South Central Los Angeles in order to overcome a range of\u0000disadvantages faced in American society. From a structural point of view, Korean immigrant\u0000merchants constituted a middleman minority group that played the dual role of “oppressed\u0000and oppressor” in the suburban ghetto. Although these merchants made efforts to\u0000maintain civil relations with their African American customers, they were often treated with\u0000hostile attitudes largely because of the exploitative relationship that existed between the\u0000two groups. However, I maintain that Korean American journalists and scholars have not\u0000only misunderstood the identity of the middleman minority as an innocent buffer but have\u0000also erroneously estimated that race relations with African Americans in Los Angeles were\u0000better than those in other areas of the United States.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45549004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440205
Fabrice Usman
Dans les années 1940-1950 en France, trois types de guerres structurent le débat politique : guerre mondiale, guerre froide, guerre de décolonisation. De l’opposition à ces conflits émergent la Résistance, la nouvelle gauche et l’anticolonialisme. Claude Bourdet (1909-1996), responsable du plus grand des mouvements de la Résistance intérieure, Combat, leader de la nouvelle gauche, et l’un des journalistes anticolonialistes français les plus importants de l’après-guerre, est un organisateur singulier de ces luttes. À travers ses activités et ses textes, et en s’appuyant sur la notion de contestation qu’il propose, cette étude démontre la cohérence politique et morale de sa « résistance intellectuelle », concept que l’auteur définit en ces termes : une critique raisonnée du pouvoir légal, étatique et institutionnel, une dénonciation organisée des abus et injustices actuels, et une aptitude à proposer des alternatives rationnelles.
{"title":"L’heure du laitier ou la contestation","authors":"Fabrice Usman","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440205","url":null,"abstract":"Dans les années 1940-1950 en France, trois types de guerres structurent le débat\u0000politique : guerre mondiale, guerre froide, guerre de décolonisation. De l’opposition à\u0000ces conflits émergent la Résistance, la nouvelle gauche et l’anticolonialisme. Claude Bourdet\u0000(1909-1996), responsable du plus grand des mouvements de la Résistance intérieure,\u0000Combat, leader de la nouvelle gauche, et l’un des journalistes anticolonialistes français les\u0000plus importants de l’après-guerre, est un organisateur singulier de ces luttes. À travers ses\u0000activités et ses textes, et en s’appuyant sur la notion de contestation qu’il propose, cette\u0000étude démontre la cohérence politique et morale de sa « résistance intellectuelle », concept\u0000que l’auteur définit en ces termes : une critique raisonnée du pouvoir légal, étatique et institutionnel,\u0000une dénonciation organisée des abus et injustices actuels, et une aptitude à\u0000proposer des alternatives rationnelles.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.3167/HRRH.2018.440202
L. Mitchell
Medieval women, according to theorists whose positions were informed by standard classical tropes, suffered from an “excess” of emotion, which barred them from positions of political authority. Eleanor of Aquitaine—queen, countess, and mother of kings—belies this categorization. As a political actor, especially in defense of her own territories and as regent of her sons’ kingdom of England, Eleanor deployed emotional expressions strategically in order to elicit patronage and support from other political leaders. Although many historians have discussed the career of Eleanor of Aquitaine, most emphasize her anomalous position, based on the presentation of her made by contemporary chroniclers such as Roger of Hoveden and Ralph de Diceto. Unlike her husband, Henry II, whose emotional outbursts usually resulted in disaster—vide the Becket debacle—Eleanor’s use of emotion reinforced her position of authority and was underscored by her claim of legitimate emotional distress as mother and as regent.
{"title":"“Give Me Back My Son!”","authors":"L. Mitchell","doi":"10.3167/HRRH.2018.440202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440202","url":null,"abstract":"Medieval women, according to theorists whose positions were informed by\u0000standard classical tropes, suffered from an “excess” of emotion, which barred them from\u0000positions of political authority. Eleanor of Aquitaine—queen, countess, and mother of\u0000kings—belies this categorization. As a political actor, especially in defense of her own territories\u0000and as regent of her sons’ kingdom of England, Eleanor deployed emotional expressions\u0000strategically in order to elicit patronage and support from other political leaders.\u0000Although many historians have discussed the career of Eleanor of Aquitaine, most emphasize\u0000her anomalous position, based on the presentation of her made by contemporary\u0000chroniclers such as Roger of Hoveden and Ralph de Diceto. Unlike her husband, Henry II,\u0000whose emotional outbursts usually resulted in disaster—vide the Becket debacle—Eleanor’s\u0000use of emotion reinforced her position of authority and was underscored by her claim\u0000of legitimate emotional distress as mother and as regent.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/HRRH.2018.440202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42066564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.3167/hrrh.2018.440204
M. A. Miller
This article examines fictional representations of the emigration of the French Revolution. It focuses on the novels Eugénie et Mathilde, Les Petits émigrés, and Le Retour d’un émigré, which were published in France between 1797 and 1815 as émigrés were seeking to return to the nation they had fled. It argues that these novels should be interpreted as making claims about the ability of émigrés to reintegrate within the nation. The sentimental novels responded to two key anxieties about the émigrés’ return by demonstrating that émigrés had not been transformed into foreigners during their time abroad and that they were not seeking to reconstitute Old Regime France. These novelists redefined the émigré as an isolated and pitiable wanderer, and redefined France as a nation bound by common suffering and sentiment.
{"title":"A Fiction of the French Nation","authors":"M. A. Miller","doi":"10.3167/hrrh.2018.440204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2018.440204","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines fictional representations of the emigration of the French\u0000Revolution. It focuses on the novels Eugénie et Mathilde, Les Petits émigrés, and Le Retour\u0000d’un émigré, which were published in France between 1797 and 1815 as émigrés were seeking\u0000to return to the nation they had fled. It argues that these novels should be interpreted\u0000as making claims about the ability of émigrés to reintegrate within the nation. The sentimental\u0000novels responded to two key anxieties about the émigrés’ return by demonstrating\u0000that émigrés had not been transformed into foreigners during their time abroad and that\u0000they were not seeking to reconstitute Old Regime France. These novelists redefined the\u0000émigré as an isolated and pitiable wanderer, and redefined France as a nation bound by\u0000common suffering and sentiment.","PeriodicalId":43992,"journal":{"name":"HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3167/hrrh.2018.440204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48821099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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