The process of construction involves a risk of non-compliance of the construction works with the basic requirements of both Polish and European regulations. In order to mitigate the consequences of events related to the above-mentioned risk the products are subject to standardisation or technical evaluation prior to their placement on the market. The risk assessment methods are designed to identify the essential characteristics of construction products by analysing their effect on compliance of the construction works in which they are incorporated with the basic requirements. This article presents risk assessment related to incorporation in the works of a set of corrugated metal sheet products designed for construction of road bridges, overpasses and tunnels. An original qualitative method of risk assessment related to incorporation of a construction product in the works was conceived and its usefulness was confirmed. It has been demonstrated that while it is indispensable to carry out the risk assessment at the technical assessment stage, it is not, however, sufficient for efficient managing the risk of placing construction product on the market.
{"title":"Risk assessment of the use of corrugated metal sheets for construction of road soil-shell structures","authors":"M. Mistewicz","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.006","url":null,"abstract":"The process of construction involves a risk of non-compliance of the construction works with the basic requirements of both Polish and European regulations. In order to mitigate the consequences of events related to the above-mentioned risk the products are subject to standardisation or technical evaluation prior to their placement on the market. The risk assessment methods are designed to identify the essential characteristics of construction products by analysing their effect on compliance of the construction works in which they are incorporated with the basic requirements. This article presents risk assessment related to incorporation in the works of a set of corrugated metal sheet products designed for construction of road bridges, overpasses and tunnels. An original qualitative method of risk assessment related to incorporation of a construction product in the works was conceived and its usefulness was confirmed. It has been demonstrated that while it is indispensable to carry out the risk assessment at the technical assessment stage, it is not, however, sufficient for efficient managing the risk of placing construction product on the market.","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"11 1","pages":"89-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78835116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Glinicki, D. Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka, A. Antolik, K. Dziedzic, Karolina Gibas
The paper presents the results of investigations into the reactivity of domestic aggregates produced from selected sedimentary rocks, carried out using the new testing methods, consistent with the RILEM and ASTM methods, implemented by GDDKiA (Polish General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways) documents. The range of the investigations covered coarse crushed aggregates produced from limestone, dolomite, sandstone and greywacke rocks, potentially suitable for making strong and durable concrete. No reactive forms of quartz were found in the mineralogical composition of the limestone aggregates and the dolomite aggregates. Micro- and cryptocrystalline quartz occurred in the particles of the greywacke aggregates and the sandstone aggregates. On the basis of the expansion of mortar and concrete specimens the aggregates produced from the sedimentary rocks were classified into the reactivity categories: R0, R1 and R2. A sodium-potassium-calcium silicate gel, whose composition (consistent with that reported in the literature) was characteristic of the alkali-silica reaction products, was found. The investigations resulted in a consistent assessment of the reactivity of the aggregates.
{"title":"Susceptibility of selected aggregates from sedimentary rocks to alkali-aggregate reaction","authors":"M. Glinicki, D. Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka, A. Antolik, K. Dziedzic, Karolina Gibas","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.001","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of investigations into the reactivity of domestic aggregates produced from selected sedimentary rocks, carried out using the new testing methods, consistent with the RILEM and ASTM methods, implemented by GDDKiA (Polish General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways) documents. The range of the investigations covered coarse crushed aggregates produced from limestone, dolomite, sandstone and greywacke rocks, potentially suitable for making strong and durable concrete. No reactive forms of quartz were found in the mineralogical composition of the limestone aggregates and the dolomite aggregates. Micro- and cryptocrystalline quartz occurred in the particles of the greywacke aggregates and the sandstone aggregates. On the basis of the expansion of mortar and concrete specimens the aggregates produced from the sedimentary rocks were classified into the reactivity categories: R0, R1 and R2. A sodium-potassium-calcium silicate gel, whose composition (consistent with that reported in the literature) was characteristic of the alkali-silica reaction products, was found. The investigations resulted in a consistent assessment of the reactivity of the aggregates.","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"203 1","pages":"5-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87636977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents tests of the rheological and standard properties of binders recovered from asphalt mixtures containing respectively a standard amount and an increased amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The penetration grade, the softening point, the dynamic viscosity, the complex shear modulus and the phase angle were determined. Also the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test was carried out. The effect of a fresh modified binder on the properties of the hard binder recovered from RAP was assessed. It has been shown that when the RAP content in the asphalt mixture is increased, this has a significant effect on the viscoelastic properties of the mixture of the binder recovered from RAP and the fresh bituminous binder. It has been found that when the fresh polymer-modified binder content is increased, the prop- erties of the tested binder mixture change at both high and low service temperatures. It has been also shown that due to short-term ageing the properties of the binder mixture differ significantly from the ones calculated on the basis of the applicable technical documents.
{"title":"Analysis of viscoelastic properties of binders recovered from bituminous mixtures containing addition of reclaimed asphalt pavement","authors":"A. Liphardt, P. Radziszewski","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.003","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents tests of the rheological and standard properties of binders recovered from asphalt mixtures containing respectively a standard amount and an increased amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The penetration grade, the softening point, the dynamic viscosity, the complex shear modulus and the phase angle were determined. Also the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test was carried out. The effect of a fresh modified binder on the properties of the hard binder recovered from RAP was assessed. It has been shown that when the RAP content in the asphalt mixture is increased, this has a significant effect on the viscoelastic properties of the mixture of the binder recovered from RAP and the fresh bituminous binder. It has been found that when the fresh polymer-modified binder content is increased, the prop- erties of the tested binder mixture change at both high and low service temperatures. It has been also shown that due to short-term ageing the properties of the binder mixture differ significantly from the ones calculated on the basis of the applicable technical documents.","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"18 1","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85322059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka, A. Antolik, K. Dziedzic, M. Glinicki, Karolina Gibas
The paper presents investigations into the reactivity of aggregates from igneous rock, carried out in accordance with the procedures contained in the GDDKiA General Technical Specification "Concrete pavements". The aim of the investigations was evaluation of the suitability of the aggregates for road structures and pavements built using cement based concrete technology. Aggregates produced from extrusive rocks (basalt, melaphyre and porphyry) and from intrusive rocks (granite and gabbro) were analysed. The mineral composition of the aggregates was evaluated with regard to their reactive SiO 2 content. Expansion tests on mortar bar and concrete prism specimens with analysed aggregates and a microscopic analysis of the alkali-aggregate reaction products were carried out. A considerable amount of reactive minerals: chalcedony, tridymite and microcrystalline quartz and volcanic glass were found in the grains of the porphyry and melaphyre aggregates. On the basis of the conducted investigations the two aggregates made of igneous rocks (melaphyre and porphyry) were classified into category R1 (moderately reactive). The basalt aggregate, the granite aggregate and the gabbro aggregate were assigned to category R0 (non-reactive).
{"title":"Resistance of selected aggregates from igneous rocks to alkali-silica reaction: verification","authors":"D. Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka, A. Antolik, K. Dziedzic, M. Glinicki, Karolina Gibas","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.005","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents investigations into the reactivity of aggregates from igneous rock, carried out in accordance with the procedures contained in the GDDKiA General Technical Specification \"Concrete pavements\". The aim of the investigations was evaluation of the suitability of the aggregates for road structures and pavements built using cement based concrete technology. Aggregates produced from extrusive rocks (basalt, melaphyre and porphyry) and from intrusive rocks (granite and gabbro) were analysed. The mineral composition of the aggregates was evaluated with regard to their reactive SiO 2 content. Expansion tests on mortar bar and concrete prism specimens with analysed aggregates and a microscopic analysis of the alkali-aggregate reaction products were carried out. A considerable amount of reactive minerals: chalcedony, tridymite and microcrystalline quartz and volcanic glass were found in the grains of the porphyry and melaphyre aggregates. On the basis of the conducted investigations the two aggregates made of igneous rocks (melaphyre and porphyry) were classified into category R1 (moderately reactive). The basalt aggregate, the granite aggregate and the gabbro aggregate were assigned to category R0 (non-reactive).","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"41 1","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83143551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper describes heavy maintenance projects carried out on two regional roads located in the West Pomerania region of Poland. The projects started in 2017 on two sections of these roads. Completely different methods were used on these two sections. On the regional road No. 142 in-place crushing, specifically the rubblizing technique was used over an almost 20 km long stretch of pavement. In the second case the old pavement was left in place and a layer of bituminous-aggregate mixture was placed to control reflective cracking. Pros and cons of these methods are presented in the paper, together with the problems noted during the works.
{"title":"Heavy maintenance of concrete paved roads using the regional roads No. 102 and No. 142 as an example","authors":"P. Mieczkowski, S. Majer, B. Budziński","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.002","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes heavy maintenance projects carried out on two regional roads located in the West Pomerania region of Poland. The projects started in 2017 on two sections of these roads. Completely different methods were used on these two sections. On the regional road No. 142 in-place crushing, specifically the rubblizing technique was used over an almost 20 km long stretch of pavement. In the second case the old pavement was left in place and a layer of bituminous-aggregate mixture was placed to control reflective cracking. Pros and cons of these methods are presented in the paper, together with the problems noted during the works.","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"265 1","pages":"25-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86722880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Railway bridges have historically performed well in the previous earthquakes. Although this performance has qualitatively been studied in some references such as AREMA code, no quantitative criteria has been proposed for it. Thus, this study aims to present quantitative criteria for railway bridge performance under seismic loads. In the paper, seismic behaviour of railway bridges, with and without track-bridge interaction (TBI), is calculated through finite element modeling. Pushover and incremental dynamic analyses, are utilized to assess the proposed method, considering fourteen records of the past earthquakes. The results clearly show superior performance of the proposed model with track system, in which the deck displacement, base shear, and plastic rotation decrease by 70%-90%, 20%-83%, and 85%-100%, respectively. Finally, two equations are proposed to calculate deck displacement and base shear of railway bridges without performing track-bridge interaction (TBI) by Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of the applied record approximately.
{"title":"Evaluation of seismic behaviour of railway bridges considering track-bridge interaction","authors":"E. Dehghani, M. N. Zadeh, A. Nabizadeh","doi":"10.7409/RABDIM.019.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7409/RABDIM.019.004","url":null,"abstract":"Railway bridges have historically performed well in the previous earthquakes. Although this performance has qualitatively been studied in some references such as AREMA code, no quantitative criteria has been proposed for it. Thus, this study aims to present quantitative criteria for railway bridge performance under seismic loads. In the paper, seismic behaviour of railway bridges, with and without track-bridge interaction (TBI), is calculated through finite element modeling. Pushover and incremental dynamic analyses, are utilized to assess the proposed method, considering fourteen records of the past earthquakes. The results clearly show superior performance of the proposed model with track system, in which the deck displacement, base shear, and plastic rotation decrease by 70%-90%, 20%-83%, and 85%-100%, respectively. Finally, two equations are proposed to calculate deck displacement and base shear of railway bridges without performing track-bridge interaction (TBI) by Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of the applied record approximately.","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"107 1","pages":"51-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89166225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9780801456466-008
{"title":"Chapter 4. Health and Safety and the Politics of Safe Living","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9780801456466-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801456466-008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74735392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9780801456466-003
{"title":"Maps","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9780801456466-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801456466-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87919067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9780801456466-007
{"title":"Chapter 3. Figures in the Soil","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9780801456466-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801456466-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81637379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9780801456466-010
{"title":"Chapter 6. Impossible Publics","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9780801456466-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801456466-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44000,"journal":{"name":"Roads and Bridges-Drogi i Mosty","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84581215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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