Pub Date : 2019-12-06DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.33642
P. E. N. R. Bellot, Geovanna Torres De Paiva, Sancha Helena de Lima Vale, R. J. A. Machado
AIMS: To evaluate the concordance between three validated nutritional screening tools for pediatrics among themselves and the correlation with the anthropometric parameters of patients hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome.METHOD: Cross-sectional study with children and adolescents of both sexes hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a university hospital and diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Three nutritional screening instruments were applied: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP). Data on weight, height and upper arm perimeter was collected, and three nutritional screening tools were applied: The estimate of relative agreement between the instruments was evaluated with the weighted Kappa test and the correlations with anthropometric parameters were assessed with the Spearman’s Correlation Test.RESULTS: We evaluated 11 patients, with a minimum age of 2 years and a maximum of 10 years. Screening tools detected prevalence of medium and high nutritional risk. Moderate agreement (k=0.47) was observed between PYMS and STAMP and there was no correlation between the screening tools’ result and the anthropometric data. Regarding the anthropometric parameters, 100% of the participants had adequate weight for age, 63.6% of the participants were diagnosed with normal weight by the BMI/Age index and 81.8% had adequate height for age according to the index Height/Age. After analysis of the upper arm perimeter, 27.3% were at risk of malnutrition.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that are no recommendations for use of pediatric nutritional screening tools specific to each clinical situation, two of the three screening tools analyzed in this study demonstrated moderate agreement between them. However, the tested tools did not reflect the anthropometric nutritional status of the evaluated population.
{"title":"Concordância entre ferramentas de triagem nutricional pediátrica em indivíduos com síndrome nefrótica","authors":"P. E. N. R. Bellot, Geovanna Torres De Paiva, Sancha Helena de Lima Vale, R. J. A. Machado","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.33642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.33642","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To evaluate the concordance between three validated nutritional screening tools for pediatrics among themselves and the correlation with the anthropometric parameters of patients hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome.METHOD: Cross-sectional study with children and adolescents of both sexes hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a university hospital and diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Three nutritional screening instruments were applied: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP). Data on weight, height and upper arm perimeter was collected, and three nutritional screening tools were applied: The estimate of relative agreement between the instruments was evaluated with the weighted Kappa test and the correlations with anthropometric parameters were assessed with the Spearman’s Correlation Test.RESULTS: We evaluated 11 patients, with a minimum age of 2 years and a maximum of 10 years. Screening tools detected prevalence of medium and high nutritional risk. Moderate agreement (k=0.47) was observed between PYMS and STAMP and there was no correlation between the screening tools’ result and the anthropometric data. Regarding the anthropometric parameters, 100% of the participants had adequate weight for age, 63.6% of the participants were diagnosed with normal weight by the BMI/Age index and 81.8% had adequate height for age according to the index Height/Age. After analysis of the upper arm perimeter, 27.3% were at risk of malnutrition.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that are no recommendations for use of pediatric nutritional screening tools specific to each clinical situation, two of the three screening tools analyzed in this study demonstrated moderate agreement between them. However, the tested tools did not reflect the anthropometric nutritional status of the evaluated population.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73096344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-06DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.35862
Luciana Costa Silva, M. D. F. A. Colares, M. P. Pinto, L. E. A. Troncon
Student education and training in the health professions involve acquisition of general and specific skills and competencies which happens throughout practical experiences under the supervision of teachers or clinical tutors. Supervisor characteristics may influence students and guide them in building their professional identity. In this context, a role model is defined as the professional whose positive qualities are likely to be imitated by the students, as they demonstrated skills and personal characteristics that impress and inspire them. Positive role models exhibit professional expertise, good communication and relationships with patients and students, good teaching skills and, most importantly, personal characteristics such as integrity, compassion and enthusiasm. On the other hand, students seem to be able to recognize undesirable negative attributes as opposed to the positive ones. Our studies suggest that the perception of Brazilian students on models attributes does not differ from what is described in the international literature and that there may not be substantial differences between students from the various health professions on their views. Teachers and preceptors who students consider to be good role models, surprisingly, are unaware that they have such influence, but have similar views as students about the positive attributes of a role model. Given the importance of role models in student personal and professional development, schools must take steps to have positive models prevailing in their faculty and to prevent clinical tutors from expressing behaviours that convey negative qualities. These measures involve teacher training and faculty development activities and appreciation of faculty members for their performance in teaching. However, these measures will only make sense if schools offer their teachers good working conditions and, above all, possess an institutional culture that favours humanized relationships within the academic community.
{"title":"O professor como modelo aos seus estudantes: perspectivas da área da saúde","authors":"Luciana Costa Silva, M. D. F. A. Colares, M. P. Pinto, L. E. A. Troncon","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.35862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.4.35862","url":null,"abstract":"Student education and training in the health professions involve acquisition of general and specific skills and competencies which happens throughout practical experiences under the supervision of teachers or clinical tutors. Supervisor characteristics may influence students and guide them in building their professional identity. In this context, a role model is defined as the professional whose positive qualities are likely to be imitated by the students, as they demonstrated skills and personal characteristics that impress and inspire them. Positive role models exhibit professional expertise, good communication and relationships with patients and students, good teaching skills and, most importantly, personal characteristics such as integrity, compassion and enthusiasm. On the other hand, students seem to be able to recognize undesirable negative attributes as opposed to the positive ones. Our studies suggest that the perception of Brazilian students on models attributes does not differ from what is described in the international literature and that there may not be substantial differences between students from the various health professions on their views. Teachers and preceptors who students consider to be good role models, surprisingly, are unaware that they have such influence, but have similar views as students about the positive attributes of a role model. Given the importance of role models in student personal and professional development, schools must take steps to have positive models prevailing in their faculty and to prevent clinical tutors from expressing behaviours that convey negative qualities. These measures involve teacher training and faculty development activities and appreciation of faculty members for their performance in teaching. However, these measures will only make sense if schools offer their teachers good working conditions and, above all, possess an institutional culture that favours humanized relationships within the academic community.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"104 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78048695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-28DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33486
L. G. Souza, Zilda de Albuquerque Santos, M. Beghetto, E. Mello
AIMS: To evaluate, through anthropometric and biochemical parameters, the impact of an overweight management strategy implemented in an outpatient clinic for childhood obesity in a public hospital.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 206 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of obesity or overweight, aged between 5 and 17 years, attended between 2010 and 2014 with an average period of three months during one year. The strategy evaluated consisted of counseling, with guidelines aimed at reducing sedentary activity time and increased physical activity and nutritional guidelines for healthier food choices. Were evaluated anthropometric parameters (body mass index, z-escore of body mass index by age, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio) and biochemistry (fasting glucose, fasting insulinemia, homeostasis model assessment, total cholesterol (CT), high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triclycerides (TG) at the baseline, at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Statistical analyzes were performed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0, using the Generalized Estimating Equations model.RESULTS: In 12 months, there was a significant reduction in BMI, Z score of BMI/age, percentage of individuals with BMI/age z score ≥ +2, WHR, percentage of individuals with WC > p90 and HC (p<0,001). Serum glycemia and insulin levels did not show significant reduction, only a trend, as did TC, LDL-c and TG, but HDL-c levels had a significant increase (p=0.035).CONCLUSIONS: This strategy of management of childhood and adolescent overweight, based on counseling, made it possible to reduce significantly the levels of overweight, although the biochemical parameters were not reduced in the same proportion.
{"title":"Impacto de uma estratégia de manejo do excesso de peso infanto-juvenil","authors":"L. G. Souza, Zilda de Albuquerque Santos, M. Beghetto, E. Mello","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33486","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To evaluate, through anthropometric and biochemical parameters, the impact of an overweight management strategy implemented in an outpatient clinic for childhood obesity in a public hospital.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 206 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of obesity or overweight, aged between 5 and 17 years, attended between 2010 and 2014 with an average period of three months during one year. The strategy evaluated consisted of counseling, with guidelines aimed at reducing sedentary activity time and increased physical activity and nutritional guidelines for healthier food choices. Were evaluated anthropometric parameters (body mass index, z-escore of body mass index by age, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio) and biochemistry (fasting glucose, fasting insulinemia, homeostasis model assessment, total cholesterol (CT), high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triclycerides (TG) at the baseline, at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Statistical analyzes were performed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0, using the Generalized Estimating Equations model.RESULTS: In 12 months, there was a significant reduction in BMI, Z score of BMI/age, percentage of individuals with BMI/age z score ≥ +2, WHR, percentage of individuals with WC > p90 and HC (p<0,001). Serum glycemia and insulin levels did not show significant reduction, only a trend, as did TC, LDL-c and TG, but HDL-c levels had a significant increase (p=0.035).CONCLUSIONS: This strategy of management of childhood and adolescent overweight, based on counseling, made it possible to reduce significantly the levels of overweight, although the biochemical parameters were not reduced in the same proportion.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42613048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34432
Dario Cecilio-Fernandes
Traditionally, the assessment of knowledge consists of items, who students answered the same items at the same time, such as test of a specific subject. This assessment may be considered too easy or difficulty by the student. In both cases, the test is likely to be boring by the students and it may provide little information on students’ knowledge level. One way of solving this problem is by creating tailored tests for each student, considering that the next question will be selected based on students’ performance on previous items. This type of test is known as computerized adaptative test. Computerized adaptative test provides both educational and psychometrics advantages compared to the traditional paper-pen testing. Computerized adaptative test requires less items than the traditional test, which in turns will decrease students’ fatigue, and optimizing learning. Furthermore, computerized adaptative test is designed for each student, considering the level of difficulty of each item. This makes the teste more attractive and authentic, since the items will be always aligned with the level of students’ knowledge. Since computerized adaptative test requires both the difficulty of the item and students’ ability, it requires the use of Item Response Theory, which establish a relation between difficulty of the item, students’ ability and the probability of answering a question correctly. Although the implementation of computerized adaptative test is complex, computerized adaptative test has a higher standard in both psychometric point of view and the alignment with modern theories of learning. Because of the high complexity, the implementation of computerized adaptative test is usually in high-stakes test and large scale. However, the new educational paradigm in which requires tailored-made education respecting the pace of each student, the computerized adaptative test will be more used over time.
{"title":"Implementando o teste adaptativo computadorizado","authors":"Dario Cecilio-Fernandes","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34432","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, the assessment of knowledge consists of items, who students answered the same items at the same time, such as test of a specific subject. This assessment may be considered too easy or difficulty by the student. In both cases, the test is likely to be boring by the students and it may provide little information on students’ knowledge level. One way of solving this problem is by creating tailored tests for each student, considering that the next question will be selected based on students’ performance on previous items. This type of test is known as computerized adaptative test. Computerized adaptative test provides both educational and psychometrics advantages compared to the traditional paper-pen testing. Computerized adaptative test requires less items than the traditional test, which in turns will decrease students’ fatigue, and optimizing learning. Furthermore, computerized adaptative test is designed for each student, considering the level of difficulty of each item. This makes the teste more attractive and authentic, since the items will be always aligned with the level of students’ knowledge. Since computerized adaptative test requires both the difficulty of the item and students’ ability, it requires the use of Item Response Theory, which establish a relation between difficulty of the item, students’ ability and the probability of answering a question correctly. Although the implementation of computerized adaptative test is complex, computerized adaptative test has a higher standard in both psychometric point of view and the alignment with modern theories of learning. Because of the high complexity, the implementation of computerized adaptative test is usually in high-stakes test and large scale. However, the new educational paradigm in which requires tailored-made education respecting the pace of each student, the computerized adaptative test will be more used over time.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77654617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34214
Karin Vasconcelos De Carvalho, F. Baldi, D. Marinowic, M. Hentschke, C. Telöken, Á. Petracco, M. Badalotti
AIMS: To evaluate the profile of men with cancer who performed semen cryopreservation prior/during treatment and address the importance of this method for reproductive health.METHODS: This was a transversal and retrospective study which used a database from a Reproductive Medicine Center located in Brazil. A total of 150 male patients who performed semen cryopreservation due to cancer diagnosis, from January 2014 to December 2017, were included.RESULTS: The profile of men seeking fertility preservation prior/during treatment for cancer was young adults, single, childless, with higher education. Oncologists were the ones who reported more patients for semen cryopreservation followed by urologists and hematologists. With regards to tumor diagnosis frequency, testicular was the most diagnosed, followed by Hodgkin’s/non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, leukemia, prostate and rectal tumor, along with retroperitoneal tumor.CONCLUSION: Data brought the reflection on the cultural and financial barriers involved for the accomplishment of cryopreservation. Health professionals attending cancer patients should consider the importance of educational and incentive activities to prevent male fertility. Future research on the subject should carried out.
{"title":"Male fertility preservation in oncology: patients’ profile and clinical guidance importance","authors":"Karin Vasconcelos De Carvalho, F. Baldi, D. Marinowic, M. Hentschke, C. Telöken, Á. Petracco, M. Badalotti","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34214","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To evaluate the profile of men with cancer who performed semen cryopreservation prior/during treatment and address the importance of this method for reproductive health.METHODS: This was a transversal and retrospective study which used a database from a Reproductive Medicine Center located in Brazil. A total of 150 male patients who performed semen cryopreservation due to cancer diagnosis, from January 2014 to December 2017, were included.RESULTS: The profile of men seeking fertility preservation prior/during treatment for cancer was young adults, single, childless, with higher education. Oncologists were the ones who reported more patients for semen cryopreservation followed by urologists and hematologists. With regards to tumor diagnosis frequency, testicular was the most diagnosed, followed by Hodgkin’s/non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, leukemia, prostate and rectal tumor, along with retroperitoneal tumor.CONCLUSION: Data brought the reflection on the cultural and financial barriers involved for the accomplishment of cryopreservation. Health professionals attending cancer patients should consider the importance of educational and incentive activities to prevent male fertility. Future research on the subject should carried out.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42724710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33440
Thiago Pereira Veronese, Iracimara de Anchieta Messias, D. Christofaro, Dalva Minonroze Albuquerque Ferreira
AIMS: To relate the effect of progressive increases in the load of the school backpack with the posture of university students.METHOD: Twenty-six female university students from the physiotherapy course, aged between 18 and 25 years, were evaluated. Loads of 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% of the volunteers’ body weight were placed in a backpack on the shoulders of the volunteers. Next, images were captured in the right sagittal plane, processed through Postural Assessment Software (SAPO). The statistical analyzes were performed using Analysis of Variance test.RESULTS: The results obtained demonstrated significant differences in the angles between the elbow and the anterior superior iliac spine when carrying 7% compared to 0% (p=0.001); and the acromion and anterior superior iliac spine comparing 7% with 0%, (p=0.032). In the other measurements, there were no significant differences.CONCLUSION: Loads from 7% of body weight are sufficient to promote postural changes.
{"title":"Relationship between the school backpack load and university students’ posture","authors":"Thiago Pereira Veronese, Iracimara de Anchieta Messias, D. Christofaro, Dalva Minonroze Albuquerque Ferreira","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33440","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To relate the effect of progressive increases in the load of the school backpack with the posture of university students.METHOD: Twenty-six female university students from the physiotherapy course, aged between 18 and 25 years, were evaluated. Loads of 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% of the volunteers’ body weight were placed in a backpack on the shoulders of the volunteers. Next, images were captured in the right sagittal plane, processed through Postural Assessment Software (SAPO). The statistical analyzes were performed using Analysis of Variance test.RESULTS: The results obtained demonstrated significant differences in the angles between the elbow and the anterior superior iliac spine when carrying 7% compared to 0% (p=0.001); and the acromion and anterior superior iliac spine comparing 7% with 0%, (p=0.032). In the other measurements, there were no significant differences.CONCLUSION: Loads from 7% of body weight are sufficient to promote postural changes.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44069489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIMS: To characterize type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who have recently initiated treatment with insulin regarding lifestyle and depressive symptoms.METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with patients in recent use of insulin, which was determined by the register held in the family health strategy, from January 2017 to August 2018. In home visits, the patients answered questions about lifestyle and characteristics of the disease, and Beck’s Depression Inventory.RESULTS: The sample consisted of 38 type 2 diabetic patients in recent use of insulin. There was a predominance of males (57.9%), married (65.8%) and white (89.5%), the average years of study being 5.8±2.9. 13.2% were considered physically active in leisure time, and only 47.4% were restricting carbohydrates. 65.8% were overweight and 34.2% were obese. The participants had type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis for 8.9±7.48 years on average. Regarding the reasons that led to the use of insulin, 92.1% mentioned the lack of control of the disease. As for the classification of depressive symptoms, 47.3% had some psychological alteration. We verified that the presence of depressive symptomswas more prevalent in women (p=0,014).CONCLUSION: Patients with type 2 diabetes on recent insulin use had few changes in lifestyle after being diagnosed with the disease. Most patients started using insulin due to lack of control of the disease. The presence of depressive symptoms was more prevalent in women and in patients who reported dietary changes after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Caracterização de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 em uso recente de insulina: estilo de vida e sintomas depressivos","authors":"Paloma Oliveira Schuelter, Tayná Molon Fernandes, Gabriela Moreno Marques, Betine Pinto Moehlecke Iser","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33463","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To characterize type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who have recently initiated treatment with insulin regarding lifestyle and depressive symptoms.METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with patients in recent use of insulin, which was determined by the register held in the family health strategy, from January 2017 to August 2018. In home visits, the patients answered questions about lifestyle and characteristics of the disease, and Beck’s Depression Inventory.RESULTS: The sample consisted of 38 type 2 diabetic patients in recent use of insulin. There was a predominance of males (57.9%), married (65.8%) and white (89.5%), the average years of study being 5.8±2.9. 13.2% were considered physically active in leisure time, and only 47.4% were restricting carbohydrates. 65.8% were overweight and 34.2% were obese. The participants had type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis for 8.9±7.48 years on average. Regarding the reasons that led to the use of insulin, 92.1% mentioned the lack of control of the disease. As for the classification of depressive symptoms, 47.3% had some psychological alteration. We verified that the presence of depressive symptomswas more prevalent in women (p=0,014).CONCLUSION: Patients with type 2 diabetes on recent insulin use had few changes in lifestyle after being diagnosed with the disease. Most patients started using insulin due to lack of control of the disease. The presence of depressive symptoms was more prevalent in women and in patients who reported dietary changes after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43645369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34267
Raphael Raniere de Oliveira Costa, S. Medeiros, V. Coutinho, R. S. D. Almeida, Marília Souto de Araújo
AIMS: To identify and compare the perceptions of students about educational practices in the teaching of immunization of adults.METHODS: Observational, descriptive, comparative, performed with nursing students. These students were allocated to two groups: traditional strategies group (dialogue and clinical simulation for skills training) and group associated with high fidelity clinical simulation. After receiving the interventions, the Portuguese version of the Educational Practices Questionnaire was applied.RESULTS: The group associated with high fidelity clinical simulation. presented higher means in seven of the eight domains of concordance and importance subscales, with statistical significance in the subscale of importance in the “different ways of learning” domain (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: The high-fidelity clinical simulation strategy scores the requirements of good educational practice in that it provides active, collaborative learning, different from traditional strategies, and provides positive expectations for students.
{"title":"Percepções de estudantes de enfermagem sobre práticas educativas em imunização de adultos com o uso de Simulação Clínica","authors":"Raphael Raniere de Oliveira Costa, S. Medeiros, V. Coutinho, R. S. D. Almeida, Marília Souto de Araújo","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34267","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To identify and compare the perceptions of students about educational practices in the teaching of immunization of adults.METHODS: Observational, descriptive, comparative, performed with nursing students. These students were allocated to two groups: traditional strategies group (dialogue and clinical simulation for skills training) and group associated with high fidelity clinical simulation. After receiving the interventions, the Portuguese version of the Educational Practices Questionnaire was applied.RESULTS: The group associated with high fidelity clinical simulation. presented higher means in seven of the eight domains of concordance and importance subscales, with statistical significance in the subscale of importance in the “different ways of learning” domain (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: The high-fidelity clinical simulation strategy scores the requirements of good educational practice in that it provides active, collaborative learning, different from traditional strategies, and provides positive expectations for students.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46052579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34231
M. Rosa, Miguel Pires, Daniana Michelle
AIM: To validate the reaching speed during attention and memory tasks as a functional indicator in the geriatric population.METHODS: Institutionalized elderly living in 4 Portuguese institutions were characterized by their functional profile, with the following variables: (i) cognition; (ii) independence in basic daily living activities; (iii) independence in instrumental activities of daily living; (iii) grip strength, (iv) diagnosis of depression; (v) upper limb sensorimotor function; (vi) executive functions. All these instruments underwent a linking process with the International Classification of Functioning and Health. The sample was divided into four functional groups considering the values below and above the mean range of reaching speed in attention tasks (Group 1 - G1, Group 2 - G2) and the range of RS in memory tasks (Group 3 - G3, Group 4 - G4). Characterization of the sample groups was performed using descriptive statistical measures of the ICFqualifiers and the difference between groups (G1 / G2 and G3 / G4) was tested using t-tests for independent samples.RESULTS: The results showed significant differences between low- and high profile groups in RS tasks (p <0.05), identifying the following priority intervention areas in institutionalized elderly: d6. Domestic life, d1. Learning and knowledge application, d4. Mobility, d5. Self-care and d8. Significant areas of life. Older adults with reaching speed in attention tasks <0.06m/s or <0.07m/s in memory tasks tend to have moderate to severe disability in Mobility and Self Care and severe/complete inability to participate in Household tasks.CONCLUSION: This study was an important contribution to the validation of reaching speed (a test for upper limb function) during attention and memory tasks as a functional indicator, enabling elderly functional evaluation in a large spectrum, including non-ambulate elderly people.
{"title":"Velocidade do alcance em tarefas de atenção e memória: validação do teste como marcador funcional na população geriátrica","authors":"M. Rosa, Miguel Pires, Daniana Michelle","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34231","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: To validate the reaching speed during attention and memory tasks as a functional indicator in the geriatric population.METHODS: Institutionalized elderly living in 4 Portuguese institutions were characterized by their functional profile, with the following variables: (i) cognition; (ii) independence in basic daily living activities; (iii) independence in instrumental activities of daily living; (iii) grip strength, (iv) diagnosis of depression; (v) upper limb sensorimotor function; (vi) executive functions. All these instruments underwent a linking process with the International Classification of Functioning and Health. The sample was divided into four functional groups considering the values below and above the mean range of reaching speed in attention tasks (Group 1 - G1, Group 2 - G2) and the range of RS in memory tasks (Group 3 - G3, Group 4 - G4). Characterization of the sample groups was performed using descriptive statistical measures of the ICFqualifiers and the difference between groups (G1 / G2 and G3 / G4) was tested using t-tests for independent samples.RESULTS: The results showed significant differences between low- and high profile groups in RS tasks (p <0.05), identifying the following priority intervention areas in institutionalized elderly: d6. Domestic life, d1. Learning and knowledge application, d4. Mobility, d5. Self-care and d8. Significant areas of life. Older adults with reaching speed in attention tasks <0.06m/s or <0.07m/s in memory tasks tend to have moderate to severe disability in Mobility and Self Care and severe/complete inability to participate in Household tasks.CONCLUSION: This study was an important contribution to the validation of reaching speed (a test for upper limb function) during attention and memory tasks as a functional indicator, enabling elderly functional evaluation in a large spectrum, including non-ambulate elderly people.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.34231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42129939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-17DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33838
N. M. Soares, G. M. Pereira, Lauriston Emmanoel Barros Soares, Narrycia Medeiros Soares, Capitulino Camargo Junior, E. Oliveira
AIMS: Little evidence demonstrates the influence of physical activity habits on the quality of life of people with visual impairment (VI). To gain a broader understanding, this study attempted to verify the relation between the habits of physical activity and quality of life in people with VI.METHODS: The sample consisted of 53 visually impaired volunteers. The Clinical and Sociodemographic Assessment Sheet, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version and the Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) were used.RESULTS: The mean age was 42.39±2.10 years, with a predominance of males and the mean Body Mass Index was 27.55±0.76. Predominant physical activity levels were between moderate to high. Males presented significantly higher levels of vigorous physical activity (p=0.033) and higher scores in WHOQOL-Bref, when compared to the female sex.CONCLUSION: The higher the physical activity levels of this population with VI, the better the quality of life. The participants had a predominance of moderate to high physical activity, as well as, the male presented higher levels of physical activity, when compared with the female in vigorous activities.
{"title":"Physical activity and quality of life in persons with visual impairment: an observational study","authors":"N. M. Soares, G. M. Pereira, Lauriston Emmanoel Barros Soares, Narrycia Medeiros Soares, Capitulino Camargo Junior, E. Oliveira","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33838","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: Little evidence demonstrates the influence of physical activity habits on the quality of life of people with visual impairment (VI). To gain a broader understanding, this study attempted to verify the relation between the habits of physical activity and quality of life in people with VI.METHODS: The sample consisted of 53 visually impaired volunteers. The Clinical and Sociodemographic Assessment Sheet, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version and the Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) were used.RESULTS: The mean age was 42.39±2.10 years, with a predominance of males and the mean Body Mass Index was 27.55±0.76. Predominant physical activity levels were between moderate to high. Males presented significantly higher levels of vigorous physical activity (p=0.033) and higher scores in WHOQOL-Bref, when compared to the female sex.CONCLUSION: The higher the physical activity levels of this population with VI, the better the quality of life. The participants had a predominance of moderate to high physical activity, as well as, the male presented higher levels of physical activity, when compared with the female in vigorous activities.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42250171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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