Audiology Research最新文献

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Evaluation of Cochlear Symptoms in Migraine Patients without Vestibular Migraine and/or Ménière’s Disease 评估无前庭偏头痛和/或梅尼埃病的偏头痛患者的耳蜗症状

IF 1.7 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060084

V. Gambacorta, Giampietro Ricci, Alessandra D’Orazio, Davide Stivalini, Irene Baietta, V. E. Pettorossi, M. Faralli

Migraine pathogenic pathways may selectively target the cochlea. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of cochlear symptoms in migraine patients without vestibular migraine and/or Méniere’s disease was conducted. We examined 60 consecutive patients with history of cochlear symptoms, including fullness, tinnitus, and hearing loss. Patients were divided into two groups based on migraine history: M (migraine) and nM (no migraine). The incidence of migraine was compared to a homogeneous control group with dysfunctional and inflammatory dysphonia without cochlear symptoms. The type, time of onset, recurrence, bilaterality of symptoms, and hearing threshold were analyzed. The incidence of migraine was significantly higher (p = 0.04) in patients with cochlear symptoms than in the control group. The onset of symptoms is significantly earlier (p < 0.05) in the presence of migraine. The fullness, recurrence, and bilaterality of symptoms are associated with migraine in a statistically significant way (p < 0.05). Pure tone audiometry shows a statistically significant increase in the hearing threshold (500–1000 Hz) in group M. Based on developing findings, cochlear migraine may be considered as a novel clinical entity, like vestibular migraine. It would be the expression, in the absence of vertiginous symptoms, of a selective suffering of the anterior labyrinth by known operating mechanisms of migraine.

偏头痛的致病途径可能选择性地针对耳蜗。本文对无前庭偏头痛和/或msamiere病的偏头痛患者的耳蜗症状进行了定性和定量分析。我们连续检查了60例有耳蜗充盈、耳鸣和听力丧失等耳蜗症状的患者。患者根据偏头痛病史分为两组:M组(偏头痛)和nM组(无偏头痛)。偏头痛的发生率与没有耳蜗症状的功能障碍和炎性发音障碍的同质对照组进行比较。分析其类型、发病时间、复发率、双侧症状及听力阈值。有耳蜗症状的患者偏头痛的发生率明显高于对照组(p = 0.04)。偏头痛患者出现症状的时间明显提前(p < 0.05)。症状的充盈、复发和双侧性与偏头痛有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。纯音听力学显示m组的听力阈值(500-1000 Hz)有统计学意义上的显著增加。基于发展中的发现，耳蜗偏头痛可能被认为是一种新的临床实体，就像前庭偏头痛一样。这可能是在没有眩晕症状的情况下，通过偏头痛的已知操作机制对前迷宫的选择性痛苦的表现。

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引用次数: 0

Gene Therapy for Inherited Hearing Loss: Updates and Remaining Challenges. 遗传性听力损失的基因疗法：最新进展和依然存在的挑战。

IF 1.7 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060083

Roni Hahn, Karen B Avraham

Hearing loss stands as the most prevalent sensory deficit among humans, posing a significant global health challenge. Projections indicate that by 2050, approximately 10% of the world's population will grapple with disabling hearing impairment. While approximately half of congenital hearing loss cases have a genetic etiology, traditional interventions such as hearing aids and cochlear implants do not completely restore normal hearing. The absence of biological treatment has prompted significant efforts in recent years, with a strong focus on gene therapy to address hereditary hearing loss. Although several studies have exhibited promising recovery from common forms of genetic deafness in mouse models, existing challenges must be overcome to make gene therapy applicable in the near future. Herein, we summarize the primary gene therapy strategies employed over past years, provide an overview of the recent achievements in preclinical studies for genetic hearing loss, and outline the current key obstacles to cochlear gene therapy.

听力损失是人类最普遍的感官缺陷，对全球健康构成重大挑战。据预测，到 2050 年，全球约有 10% 的人口将面临听力障碍的困扰。虽然约有一半的先天性听力损失病例有遗传病因，但助听器和人工耳蜗等传统干预措施并不能完全恢复正常听力。近年来，由于缺乏生物治疗方法，人们开始大力发展基因疗法，以解决遗传性听力损失问题。虽然一些研究显示，小鼠模型中常见形式的遗传性耳聋有望得到康复，但要在不久的将来应用基因疗法，还必须克服现有的挑战。在此，我们总结了过去几年采用的主要基因治疗策略，概述了遗传性听力损失临床前研究的最新成果，并概述了当前耳蜗基因治疗的主要障碍。

引用次数: 0

Preceding Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo as a Trigger for Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness: Which Clinical Predictors? 良性阵发性位置性眩晕的前兆是持续性姿势感知性头晕的诱因：哪些临床预测因素？

IF 1.7 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060082

Augusto Pietro Casani, Nicola Ducci, Francesco Lazzerini, Nicola Vernassa, Luca Bruschini

Objective: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a syndrome described as secondary, when it is the consequence of an organic disorder (s-PPPD), or primary, when no somatic triggers can be identified. We evaluated a group of patients diagnosed as s-PPPD, with Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPPV) as the main somatic trigger, with the aim of identifying the predictive clinical elements of evolution towards PPPD.

Study design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Patients: We evaluated 126 patients diagnosed with PPPD; 54 patients were classified as p-PPPD (43%) and 72 as s-PPPD (57%). Of these, 51 patients had BPPV as a somatic trigger of PPPD, and in this group, we evaluated the prevalence of some clinical features (age, sex, latency between the onset of BPPV and the final diagnosis, recurrence of BPPV and the presence of migraine headache) for comparison with a group of patients who suffered from BPPV without an evolution towards PPPD (control group).

Results: In the group with PPPD secondary to BPPV, we found a significantly higher mean age and a longer latency between the onset of BPPV and the final diagnosis compared to the control group. No difference between the two groups was found regarding sex, recurrence rate and the presence of migraine headache.

Conclusions: The parameters most involved as potential precipitants of PPPD after BPPV were the age of the patients and a long latency between the onset of BPPV and the final diagnosis; the mean age of the subjects who developed PPPD following BPPV was significantly higher. These findings lead us to emphasize the importance of the early identification and treatment of BPPV, especially in older patients.

目的：持续性姿势-知觉性头晕（PPPD）是一种综合征，当它是器质性疾病（s-PPPD）的后果时，它被描述为继发性；当无法确定躯体诱因时，它被描述为原发性。我们评估了一组被诊断为s-PPPD的患者，他们的主要躯体诱因是良性位置性阵发性眩晕（BPPV），目的是确定向PPPD演变的预测性临床因素：研究设计：回顾性病例分析：地点：三级转诊中心：我们对 126 名确诊为 PPPD 的患者进行了评估；54 名患者被归类为 p-PPPD（43%），72 名患者被归类为 s-PPPD（57%）。在这组患者中，我们评估了一些临床特征（年龄、性别、BPPV 发病与最终诊断之间的潜伏期、BPPV 复发率以及是否存在偏头痛）的患病率，并与一组未演变为 PPPD 的 BPPV 患者（对照组）进行了比较：结果：在继发于 BPPV 的 PPPD 组中，我们发现与对照组相比，BPPV 患者的平均年龄明显更高，从发病到最终确诊之间的潜伏期也更长。两组患者在性别、复发率和是否存在偏头痛方面没有差异：结论：BPPV 后出现 PPPD 的潜在诱因中，患者年龄和 BPPV 发病与最终诊断之间的潜伏期最长；BPPV 后出现 PPPD 的受试者平均年龄明显更高。这些发现使我们强调了早期识别和治疗 BPPV 的重要性，尤其是对老年患者。

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引用次数: 0

Robert J. Gorlin: Personal Memory of a Friend and Mentor in Clinical Genetics. 罗伯特-J-戈林对临床遗传学朋友和导师的个人回忆。

IF 1.7 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060081

Bruno Dallapiccola, Rita Mingarelli

Robert J [...].

罗伯特-J [...].

引用次数: 0

Does Trauma-Informed Care Have a Place in Audiology? A Review and Practical Suggestions 创伤知情护理在听力学中有一席之地吗?回顾和实际建议

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060080

Shade Avery Kirjava, Jennifer Phelan

Background. Trauma from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and serious traumatic events in adulthood is a significantly prevalent concern for public-health-hearing healthcare professionals. The pediatric and geriatric populations that audiologists often work with have been shown to be at an increased risk of experiencing traumatic events. Childhood and adult trauma can significantly impact the hearing and vestibular testing and treatment of these patients. Methods. This narrative review article discusses trauma-informed care (TIC) strategies that audiologists can use to recognize and respond to trauma in patients and prevent retraumatizing patients during their encounters in audiology clinics. Conclusions. This article will provide an overview of TIC and direct the reader to resources for their continued learning. Practical guidance on implementing trauma-informed practices in clinical audiology are also provided.

背景。童年不良经历(ace)和成年期严重创伤事件造成的创伤是公共卫生-听力保健专业人员普遍关注的问题。听力学家经常接触的儿童和老年人群已经被证明经历创伤性事件的风险增加。儿童和成人创伤可显著影响这些患者的听力和前庭测试和治疗。方法。这篇叙述性综述文章讨论了创伤知情护理(TIC)策略，听力学家可以使用这些策略来识别和应对患者的创伤，并防止患者在听力学诊所遇到时再次遭受创伤。结论。本文将提供TIC的概述，并为读者提供继续学习所需的资源。还提供了在临床听力学中实施创伤知情实践的实用指导。

引用次数: 0

Cartilage Conduction Sounds in Cases of Wearing Different Transducers on a Head and Torso Simulator with a Manipulated Ear Pinna Simulator 在头部和躯干模拟器上佩戴不同换能器与操纵耳耳廓模拟器的情况下软骨传导声音

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060078

Ryota Shimokura, Tadashi Nishimura, Hiroshi Hosoi

Cartilage conduction is known widely as a third hearing transmission mechanism after the air and bone conduction methods, and transducers dedicated to the production of cartilage conduction sounds have been developed by several Japanese companies. To estimate the acoustic performance of the five cartilage conduction transducers selected for this study, both airborne sounds and cartilage conduction sounds were measured. Airborne sounds can be measured using a commercial condenser microphone; however, cartilage conduction sounds are impossible to measure using a conventional head and torso simulator (HATS), because the standard-issue ear pinna simulator cannot reproduce cartilage conduction sounds with the same spectral characteristics as the corresponding sounds measured in humans. Therefore, this study replaced the standard-issue simulator with a developed pinna simulator that can produce similar spectral characteristics to those of humans. The HATS manipulated in this manner realized results demonstrating that transducers that fitted the entrance to the external auditory canal more densely could produce greater cartilage conduction sounds. Among the five transducers under test, the ring-shaped device, which was not much larger than the entrance to the canal, satisfied the spectral requirements.

软骨传导被广泛认为是继空气传导和骨传导之后的第三种听觉传导机制，日本几家公司已经开发出专门用于产生软骨传导声音的换能器。为了评估本研究中选择的五种软骨传导换能器的声学性能，我们测量了空气声和软骨传导声。空中声音可以用商用电容麦克风测量;然而，使用传统的头部和躯干模拟器(HATS)是不可能测量软骨传导声音的，因为标准的耳廓模拟器无法再现软骨传导声音，其频谱特征与在人类中测量到的声音相同。因此，本研究用一种开发的耳廓模拟器取代了标准模拟器，该模拟器可以产生与人类相似的光谱特征。以这种方式操作的HATS实现的结果表明，更密集地安装外耳道入口的换能器可以产生更大的软骨传导声音。在测试的5个换能器中，环形装置满足了频谱要求，该装置比运河入口大不了多少。

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引用次数: 0

Vestibular Testing—New Physiological Results for the Optimization of Clinical VEMP Stimuli 前庭测试-优化临床VEMP刺激的新生理结果

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060079

Christopher J. Pastras, Ian S. Curthoys

Both auditory and vestibular primary afferent neurons can be activated by sound and vibration. This review relates the differences between them to the different receptor/synaptic mechanisms of the two systems, as shown by indicators of peripheral function—cochlear and vestibular compound action potentials (cCAPs and vCAPs)—to click stimulation as recorded in animal studies. Sound- and vibration-sensitive type 1 receptors at the striola of the utricular macula are enveloped by the unique calyx afferent ending, which has three modes of synaptic transmission. Glutamate is the transmitter for both cochlear and vestibular primary afferents; however, blocking glutamate transmission has very little effect on vCAPs but greatly reduces cCAPs. We suggest that the ultrafast non-quantal synaptic mechanism called resistive coupling is the cause of the short latency vestibular afferent responses and related results—failure of transmitter blockade, masking, and temporal precision. This “ultrafast” non-quantal transmission is effectively electrical coupling that is dependent on the membrane potentials of the calyx and the type 1 receptor. The major clinical implication is that decreasing stimulus rise time increases vCAP response, corresponding to the increased VEMP response in human subjects. Short rise times are optimal in human clinical VEMP testing, whereas long rise times are mandatory for audiometric threshold testing.

听觉和前庭初级传入神经元都可以被声音和振动激活。本文通过动物实验记录的外周功能指标——耳蜗和前庭复合动作电位(cCAPs和vCAPs) -点击刺激，将两者之间的差异与两个系统的不同受体/突触机制联系起来。声波和振动敏感型1型受体位于黄斑斑纹室，被独特的花萼传入端包裹，具有三种突触传递模式。谷氨酸是耳蜗和前庭初级传入的递质;阻断谷氨酸传递对vcap的影响很小，但对ccap的影响很大。我们认为，被称为电阻耦合的超快非量子突触机制是导致短潜伏期前庭传入反应和相关结果的原因——递质封锁、掩蔽和时间精度的失败。这种“超快”非量子传输是有效的电偶联，依赖于花萼和1型受体的膜电位。主要的临床意义是减少刺激上升时间增加vCAP反应，与人类受试者VEMP反应增加相对应。在人体临床VEMP测试中，较短的上升时间是最佳的，而在听力学阈值测试中，较长的上升时间是强制性的。

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引用次数: 0

Acute Otitis Media and Facial Paralysis in Children: A Systemic Review and Proposal of an Operative Algorithm 儿童急性中耳炎和面瘫:系统回顾和手术算法的建议

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060077

Piergabriele Fichera, Luca Bruschini, Stefano Berrettini, Silvia Capobianco, Giacomo Fiacchini

Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT diseases in children. In the antibiotic/post-antibiotic era, facial paralysis is a very rare complication of AOM (0.004–0.005%). Despite the rarity of this complication, it should be known by all physicians for proper therapeutic management to avoid serious sequelae. The aim of this review is to provide a management guide based on the current literature. Materials and Methods: Fifteen studies published between 2000 and 2022 were selected, including 120 patients (62 M/58 F) with an average age of 4.96 years old (range = 4 months–16 years; SD: 4.2). The paralysis frequently has a sudden onset and is of a severe grade (medium House–Brackmann (HB) score at onset: 4.68; SD: 0.5); however, it tends to have an almost complete recovery in most patients (88.49% HB 1 at follow-up). Results: Its first-line treatment must be based on the use of antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics as penicillins or cephalosporins). Corticosteroids should be used concomitantly for their anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions; however, there is no unanimity between authors about their application. Myringotomy, with or without ventilation tube insertion, is indicated in cases where the tympanic membrane is intact. Other kinds of surgery should be performed only in patients who have a worsening of their AOM symptoms or a worsening in HB score even with clinical treatment. Conclusions: The obtained data show that a conservative treatment can be sufficient for complete recovery in most patients, and it is preferred as the first-line therapy. Mastoidectomy should be performed only in patients with acute mastoiditis and without symptom improvement after a conservative approach. There are insufficient data in the current literature to provide clear selection criteria for patients who need to undergo mastoidectomy with facial nerve decompression. The choice of this treatment is based on an individual center expertise. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of corticosteroids and the role of facial nerve decompression in this clinical scenario.

急性中耳炎(AOM)是儿童最常见的耳鼻喉疾病之一。在抗生素/后抗生素时代，面瘫是一种非常罕见的AOM并发症(0.004-0.005%)。尽管这种并发症很少见，但所有的医生都应该知道正确的治疗方法，以避免严重的后遗症。这篇综述的目的是在现有文献的基础上提供一个管理指南。材料与方法:选取2000 - 2022年间发表的15项研究，包括120例患者(62 M/58 F)，平均年龄4.96岁(范围= 4个月- 16岁;SD: 4.2)。麻痹经常突然发作，严重程度(发作时House-Brackmann (HB)评分中等:4.68;SD: 0.5);然而，大多数患者几乎完全恢复(随访时HB 1为88.49%)。结果:其一线治疗必须以抗生素(内酰胺类抗生素如青霉素类或头孢菌素类)的使用为基础。皮质类固醇应同时使用，以发挥其抗炎和神经保护作用;然而，作者之间对其应用并没有达成一致意见。鼓膜完好的病例需要行鼓膜切开术，不论是否插入通气管。其他类型的手术只能在AOM症状恶化或HB评分恶化的患者中进行，即使经过临床治疗。结论:所获资料显示，保守治疗可使大多数患者完全康复，首选保守治疗作为一线治疗。乳突切除术应仅在急性乳突炎患者和保守入路后症状没有改善的情况下进行。对于需要行乳突切除术联合面神经减压的患者，目前文献资料不足，无法提供明确的选择标准。这种治疗的选择是基于个别中心的专业知识。需要进一步的研究来阐明皮质类固醇的作用和面神经减压在这种临床情况下的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Management of Cartilage Conduction Hearing Aids in Pediatric Patients 小儿患者软骨传导助听器的管理

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060076

Satomi Yakawa, Tomoko Sugiuchi, Rika Myojin, Kiyoko Sato, Takako Murakami, Yuki Miyoshi, Yuichiro Sugio

Forty-nine children who started wearing cartilage conduction hearing aids (CC-HAs) before completing elementary school (17 with bilateral hearing loss and 32 with unilateral hearing loss) were followed-up and examined. The wearing and utilization status of the CC-HA and its progress to date were evaluated. In addition, 33 participants who purchased the CC-HAs were interviewed to assess the wearing effect. Eleven of seventeen children with bilateral hearing loss and 25 of 32 children with unilateral hearing loss continued to use the CC-HAs. In terms of wearing effect, a good wearing effect was reported, even by those with unilateral hearing loss. In cases where it was difficult to wear CC-HAs stably with pasting or ear tips, it was possible to fix them stably using commercially available hair bands and eyeglass vines. In two cases, the CC-HAs were worn from infancy. With ingenuity and appropriate educational and medical support, it is possible to wear CC-HAs from infancy.

对49名小学毕业前开始佩戴软骨传导助听器(CC-HAs)的儿童(17名双侧听力损失，32名单侧听力损失)进行了随访和检查。评价了CC-HA的磨损和利用状况以及迄今为止的研究进展。此外，对33名购买CC-HAs的参与者进行了访谈，以评估其佩戴效果。17名双侧听力损失儿童中的11名和32名单侧听力损失儿童中的25名继续使用cc - ha。在佩戴效果方面，即使是单侧听力损失的人也有良好的佩戴效果。在难以用黏贴或耳尖稳定佩戴CC-HAs的情况下，可以使用市售的发带和眼镜藤固定它们。在两个案例中，CC-HAs从婴儿时期就开始佩戴。有了独创性和适当的教育和医疗支持，从婴儿期就可以佩戴CC-HAs。

引用次数: 0

Cross-Cultural Translation and Adaptation of the Consumer Ear Disease Risk Assessment (CEDRA) Questionnaire in Danish 丹麦语消费者耳病风险评估问卷的跨文化翻译与改编

Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Audiology Research

Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060075

Lene Dahl Siggaard, Henrik Jacobsen, Dan Dupont Hougaard, Mina Shereen Khaled, Morten Høgsbro

This study aimed to cross-culturally translate and adapt the Consumer Ear Disease Risk Assessment (CEDRA) questionnaire into Danish for remote ear, nose, and, throat assessments in adult, first-time hearing aid users when used in conjunction with audiometric measures and visual images of the tympanic membrane. Employing field-specific guidelines, the tool underwent a rigorous translation process. This was succeeded by field testing via cognitive debriefing with 30 intendent respondents and a pilot test involving 600 adult, potential first-time hearing aid users from 2020–2022. Test–retest reliability analysis in 113 respondents revealed high consistency and reproducibility, with most items showing Spearman’s correlation coefficients of 0.82 or higher and a Pearson’s correlation of 0.92 for the total score. The tool demonstrated moderate discriminative ability in identifying individuals at high and low risk of complicated hearing loss and targeted ear diseases, supported by an area under the curve of 0.82 on the receiver operating characteristics curve. Our findings suggest that the Danish-translated version of CEDRA is a reliable and effective screening instrument when used with audiometry and tympanometry, warranting further validation in a larger population.

本研究旨在跨文化翻译和改编消费者耳部疾病风险评估(CEDRA)问卷为丹麦语，用于成人耳、鼻、喉远程评估，首次使用助听器，结合听力测量和鼓膜视觉图像。该工具采用特定领域的指导方针，经过了严格的翻译过程。通过对30名意向受访者的认知汇报和对600名成年潜在首次助听器用户的试点测试，在2020-2022年进行了现场测试。113名受访者的测试-重测信度分析显示出高度的一致性和可重复性，大多数项目的Spearman相关系数为0.82或更高，Pearson相关系数为0.92。该工具在识别复杂听力损失和针对性耳部疾病的高、低风险个体方面表现出中等的判别能力，接受者操作特征曲线下面积为0.82。我们的研究结果表明，当与听力测定和鼓室测定一起使用时，丹麦语翻译版本的CEDRA是一种可靠有效的筛查工具，值得在更大的人群中进一步验证。

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