Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2163740
G. S. Sahota
ABSTRACT This article, divided into two parts, explores the ramifications of Eaton's India in the Persianate Age for salient topics in Sikh historiography. The first part defines Eaton's arguments and expands on facets of the Persianate dispensation, drawing out relevant features of his biography and previous works. Secularity and universality as well as the approaches adopted to break from reified notions of religious community are underscored. The second part focuses on violence, militancy, and millenarianism in moments of crisis in early Sikh history. The article develops the dialectic of social levels and, in doing so, invokes Clio, the muse of historians.
{"title":"Cosmopolitanism, millenarianism, and Sikhism in a Persianate India: Some motifs in recent historiography","authors":"G. S. Sahota","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2163740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2163740","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This article, divided into two parts, explores the ramifications of Eaton's India in the Persianate Age for salient topics in Sikh historiography. The first part defines Eaton's arguments and expands on facets of the Persianate dispensation, drawing out relevant features of his biography and previous works. Secularity and universality as well as the approaches adopted to break from reified notions of religious community are underscored. The second part focuses on violence, militancy, and millenarianism in moments of crisis in early Sikh history. The article develops the dialectic of social levels and, in doing so, invokes Clio, the muse of historians.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"2014 1","pages":"13 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86604797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2085421
Tejpaul Singh Bainiwal
ABSTRACT As the nation was in flames following the murder of George Floyd at the hands of the Minneapolis Police Department, Sikhs across the nation stood with people of color in “the largest movement in U.S. history” to advocate for Black Lives Matter. Yet, Sikhs' relationship with law enforcement is much more complicated. This paper navigates through the complexity of Sikhs' relationship with law enforcement and the Black Lives Matter movement by using historical methods before discussing how religion influenced Sikh Americans to stand in solidarity against anti-Black racism.
{"title":"Model minority privilege and brown silence: Sikh Americans and the Black Lives Matter movement","authors":"Tejpaul Singh Bainiwal","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2085421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2085421","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As the nation was in flames following the murder of George Floyd at the hands of the Minneapolis Police Department, Sikhs across the nation stood with people of color in “the largest movement in U.S. history” to advocate for Black Lives Matter. Yet, Sikhs' relationship with law enforcement is much more complicated. This paper navigates through the complexity of Sikhs' relationship with law enforcement and the Black Lives Matter movement by using historical methods before discussing how religion influenced Sikh Americans to stand in solidarity against anti-Black racism.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"1 1","pages":"28 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78729654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139900
A. Kirchhofer
My remarks on Jaspreet Singh’s Helium will focus mainly on the aspect of science in the novel. This may appear as a surprising choice at first sight, given the urgency and intensity of the novel’s core concerns – the orchestrated anti-Sikh pogroms following the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1984, as well as the subsequent denial of responsibility, commemoration and mourning both by the state and in the public record. But my reasons for choosing this focus are not only in the limitations of my own academic qualifications for addressing those core concerns directly, although, very clearly, other contributors to this colloquium will speak on those concerns in Helium with an insight and authority which this author, a literary scholar whose main source of insight and information is Jaspreet Singh’s novel itself, could never aspire to. My own expertise lies more in the examination of the representation and functions of natural sciences in contemporary fiction. But the novel generously repays an interest in science as one of its pervading themes and concerns, and it does so, as I will suggest, in ways that are intricately linked to the representation of the novel’s core concerns. The indications for the relevance of ‘science’ are widespread and go deep. But they start with the title of the novel which is, quite laconically, that of a chemical element, Helium, to which we are introduced comprehensively very early in the novel:
{"title":"‘Not as a historian, but as a scientific observer': Notes on science in Jaspreet Singh's Helium","authors":"A. Kirchhofer","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139900","url":null,"abstract":"My remarks on Jaspreet Singh’s Helium will focus mainly on the aspect of science in the novel. This may appear as a surprising choice at first sight, given the urgency and intensity of the novel’s core concerns – the orchestrated anti-Sikh pogroms following the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1984, as well as the subsequent denial of responsibility, commemoration and mourning both by the state and in the public record. But my reasons for choosing this focus are not only in the limitations of my own academic qualifications for addressing those core concerns directly, although, very clearly, other contributors to this colloquium will speak on those concerns in Helium with an insight and authority which this author, a literary scholar whose main source of insight and information is Jaspreet Singh’s novel itself, could never aspire to. My own expertise lies more in the examination of the representation and functions of natural sciences in contemporary fiction. But the novel generously repays an interest in science as one of its pervading themes and concerns, and it does so, as I will suggest, in ways that are intricately linked to the representation of the novel’s core concerns. The indications for the relevance of ‘science’ are widespread and go deep. But they start with the title of the novel which is, quite laconically, that of a chemical element, Helium, to which we are introduced comprehensively very early in the novel:","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"57 1","pages":"309 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89053708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139898
Reeju Ray
ABSTRACT In this essay, Jaspreet Singh's novel Helium is read as a historical text alongside government reports of the pogroms, media reports of the event, and oral ethnographies of survivors of 1984. Helium offers an understanding of how the memory archive challenges continued impunity of perpetrators of state violence. Impunity is embedded in the state's judicial processes, in a lack of public accountability, in forgetting, and in repetition. The survivors present a profound challenge to impunity by their refusal to accept the logic of badla or revenge.
{"title":"‘Event, memory, metaphor’: The 1984 anti-Sikh pogroms in India","authors":"Reeju Ray","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139898","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this essay, Jaspreet Singh's novel Helium is read as a historical text alongside government reports of the pogroms, media reports of the event, and oral ethnographies of survivors of 1984. Helium offers an understanding of how the memory archive challenges continued impunity of perpetrators of state violence. Impunity is embedded in the state's judicial processes, in a lack of public accountability, in forgetting, and in repetition. The survivors present a profound challenge to impunity by their refusal to accept the logic of badla or revenge.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"58 1","pages":"298 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79305603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139903
R. S. Soni
ABSTRACT Jaspreet Singh's Helium, a novel concerning 1984's anti-Sikh pogroms, seeks to archive the impunity on which sovereignty is based. This basis remains indelible. Impunity's unconscionability contaminates conscience as we know it and as it allows us to know. The cruelty that imbues impunity impacts all social formations and compromises our ethics and politics in practice and in theory as we practice it. At stake in reading sovereign impunity, then, is its very readability. It may be unreadable or readable as unreadable. Fathoming how we are marked by what we resist, Singh writes about the (un)readable in the archive of 1984.
{"title":"The ice within you: Sovereign impunity, unreadability, and the archive of November 1984","authors":"R. S. Soni","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Jaspreet Singh's Helium, a novel concerning 1984's anti-Sikh pogroms, seeks to archive the impunity on which sovereignty is based. This basis remains indelible. Impunity's unconscionability contaminates conscience as we know it and as it allows us to know. The cruelty that imbues impunity impacts all social formations and compromises our ethics and politics in practice and in theory as we practice it. At stake in reading sovereign impunity, then, is its very readability. It may be unreadable or readable as unreadable. Fathoming how we are marked by what we resist, Singh writes about the (un)readable in the archive of 1984.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"30 1","pages":"253 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82625969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139904
B. Baer
ABSTRACT Helium dramatizes a traumatized witness's attempt to write about India's 1984 anti-Sikh pogrom. Depicting his attempt to write an investigative confession of complicity, the novel discloses larger patterns of fantasy, sexual economy, and gender violence that make the pogrom and his own self-story possible. Through a complex narrative framework, Helium shows that unlike legal redress, justice is never present but haunts the present from a future anterior. Helium's literary representations question the idea that literature can document the facts of an historical event so as to raise public consciousness of it, confronting the reader with what remains unsusceptible to narrativization.
{"title":"Violent elements: the impossible document of ‘1984’","authors":"B. Baer","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139904","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Helium dramatizes a traumatized witness's attempt to write about India's 1984 anti-Sikh pogrom. Depicting his attempt to write an investigative confession of complicity, the novel discloses larger patterns of fantasy, sexual economy, and gender violence that make the pogrom and his own self-story possible. Through a complex narrative framework, Helium shows that unlike legal redress, justice is never present but haunts the present from a future anterior. Helium's literary representations question the idea that literature can document the facts of an historical event so as to raise public consciousness of it, confronting the reader with what remains unsusceptible to narrativization.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"2 1","pages":"325 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87035620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139897
R. S. Soni
Originally published in 2004 as Vocabulaire européen des philosophies: Dictionnaires des intraduisibles, the Dictionary of Untranslatables: A Philosophical Lexicon (Cassin 2014a) is a rich and fascinating resource for students and researchers in such fields as comparative literature, translation studies, and continental philosophy. The paradoxical task of translating a labyrinthine work on the inherence of untranslatability to all acts of translation is not lost on the editors. Indeed, spanning more than 1300 pages in the English edition (there are others, either published or forthcoming, including in Arabic, Farsi, Romanian, Russian, and Ukrainian [Apter 2014, vii]) and encompassing a dizzying range of entries that ‘compare and meditate on the specific differences furnished to concepts by the Arabic, Basque, Catalan, Danish, English, French, German, Greek (classical and modern), Hebrew, Hungarian, Latin, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, and Spanish languages’ (Apter 2014, vii), the Dictionary’s editors underscore the quandary of seeking ‘to translate the untranslatable’ while underlining the tome’s ‘performative aspect, its stake in what it means “to philosophize in translation” over and beyond reviewing the history of philosophy with translation problems in mind’ (vii). In theory as (in) practice, the distinction marked by that difficult and generous shift into reading, or more humbly into forever attempting to read, ‘over and beyond’ matters a great deal. By pivoting from translation as a disciplinary, describable, and compartmentalizable problem or ornamental puzzle for the history of philosophy into untranslatability in translation as a foundational impasse whose terrain we witting and unwittingly traverse (or pass and repass) as we discipline our thinking, the editors alight upon yet another quandary that compromises their opening description of the volume as a ‘massive translation exercise with encyclopedic reach’ (vii). Taken to its logical conclusion, that compromise might enable rather than restrict or negate careful reading. It is a productive or enabling compromise, one that grounds our responsibility as readers, but only if we read it with requisite care. No reach, even if it extends over and beyond 1300 pages, can be truly encyclopedic on matters of translation and hence of untranslatability. An encyclopedic reach, concerning translation and the untranslatable within the compass of the world’s languages, would be impossible. There are, depending on how one counts (and for linguists, the question of
{"title":"Introduction: To ashes, or disclosing impunity","authors":"R. S. Soni","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139897","url":null,"abstract":"Originally published in 2004 as Vocabulaire européen des philosophies: Dictionnaires des intraduisibles, the Dictionary of Untranslatables: A Philosophical Lexicon (Cassin 2014a) is a rich and fascinating resource for students and researchers in such fields as comparative literature, translation studies, and continental philosophy. The paradoxical task of translating a labyrinthine work on the inherence of untranslatability to all acts of translation is not lost on the editors. Indeed, spanning more than 1300 pages in the English edition (there are others, either published or forthcoming, including in Arabic, Farsi, Romanian, Russian, and Ukrainian [Apter 2014, vii]) and encompassing a dizzying range of entries that ‘compare and meditate on the specific differences furnished to concepts by the Arabic, Basque, Catalan, Danish, English, French, German, Greek (classical and modern), Hebrew, Hungarian, Latin, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, and Spanish languages’ (Apter 2014, vii), the Dictionary’s editors underscore the quandary of seeking ‘to translate the untranslatable’ while underlining the tome’s ‘performative aspect, its stake in what it means “to philosophize in translation” over and beyond reviewing the history of philosophy with translation problems in mind’ (vii). In theory as (in) practice, the distinction marked by that difficult and generous shift into reading, or more humbly into forever attempting to read, ‘over and beyond’ matters a great deal. By pivoting from translation as a disciplinary, describable, and compartmentalizable problem or ornamental puzzle for the history of philosophy into untranslatability in translation as a foundational impasse whose terrain we witting and unwittingly traverse (or pass and repass) as we discipline our thinking, the editors alight upon yet another quandary that compromises their opening description of the volume as a ‘massive translation exercise with encyclopedic reach’ (vii). Taken to its logical conclusion, that compromise might enable rather than restrict or negate careful reading. It is a productive or enabling compromise, one that grounds our responsibility as readers, but only if we read it with requisite care. No reach, even if it extends over and beyond 1300 pages, can be truly encyclopedic on matters of translation and hence of untranslatability. An encyclopedic reach, concerning translation and the untranslatable within the compass of the world’s languages, would be impossible. There are, depending on how one counts (and for linguists, the question of","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"64 1","pages":"237 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78005439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2156193
Manav Ratti
ABSTRACT This article presents some features, potentials, limitations, and bibliographies of the intersection of postcolonialism, postsecularism, and literary studies. It examines literatures, cultures, religions, indigenous beliefs and practices, and political imaginaries from Africa, Europe, and South Asia. The religions discussed include Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. The article shows how the institutional and discursive emergence of postcolonial postsecularism, including its intersection with literary studies, can draw lessons from similarly contestatory fields of study, such as postcolonial theory, postcolonial feminism, and intersectional feminism. The article includes bibliographies of literary works that address secularism and postsecularism, including their intersection with postcoloniality.
{"title":"The intersections of postcolonialism, postsecularism, and literary studies: Potentials, limitations, bibliographies","authors":"Manav Ratti","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2156193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2156193","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents some features, potentials, limitations, and bibliographies of the intersection of postcolonialism, postsecularism, and literary studies. It examines literatures, cultures, religions, indigenous beliefs and practices, and political imaginaries from Africa, Europe, and South Asia. The religions discussed include Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. The article shows how the institutional and discursive emergence of postcolonial postsecularism, including its intersection with literary studies, can draw lessons from similarly contestatory fields of study, such as postcolonial theory, postcolonial feminism, and intersectional feminism. The article includes bibliographies of literary works that address secularism and postsecularism, including their intersection with postcoloniality.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"20 1","pages":"383 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84108725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17448727.2022.2139902
S. Krishnamurti
ABSTRACT In this short essay I read Jaspreet Singh's Helium through Julietta Singh's concept of the body as archive. It is a book about impunity and failed responsibility, but this is deeply gendered. It is the women in the novel who carry trauma in their bodies.
{"title":"Gendered impunity: Complicity and the body as archive in Helium","authors":"S. Krishnamurti","doi":"10.1080/17448727.2022.2139902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2022.2139902","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this short essay I read Jaspreet Singh's Helium through Julietta Singh's concept of the body as archive. It is a book about impunity and failed responsibility, but this is deeply gendered. It is the women in the novel who carry trauma in their bodies.","PeriodicalId":44201,"journal":{"name":"Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory","volume":"6 1","pages":"319 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82745489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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