Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202032e180077
L. VILCHES-BLÁZQUEZ, Diana Comesaña, Lorena de Jesús ARRIETA MORENO
Currently, only a few people would deny the value of newspaper content for understanding issues associated with politics, culture, and society. Therefore, the digitalization of the newspapers’ archives allows retrieving outstanding historical and cultural articles. However, there is a large amount of “minor data” hidden within these newspapers. This paper addresses the challenge for accessing and dealing with the resources of National newspaper and periodicals libraries from Colombia, Ecuador, México and Uruguay, which
{"title":"Construcción de una red de ontologías sobre eventos meteorológicos a partir de periódicos históricos","authors":"L. VILCHES-BLÁZQUEZ, Diana Comesaña, Lorena de Jesús ARRIETA MORENO","doi":"10.1590/1678-9865202032e180077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202032e180077","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, only a few people would deny the value of newspaper content for understanding issues associated with politics, culture, and society. Therefore, the digitalization of the newspapers’ archives allows retrieving outstanding historical and cultural articles. However, there is a large amount of “minor data” hidden within these newspapers. This paper addresses the challenge for accessing and dealing with the resources of National newspaper and periodicals libraries from Colombia, Ecuador, México and Uruguay, which","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75084384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202032e190059
Carmen-María Robles-López, Rocío Zamora-Medina
Resumen Las organizaciones públicas se ven obligadas a afrontar la gestión de su intangibilidad de muy diversas formas. Por lo que respecta al bien intangible de la transparencia, la implantación de diferentes leyes específicas (a nivel nacional y regional) que afectan el cómo se presenta la información pública ha sido una práctica común en el caso de las administraciones públicas españolas. Este estudio analiza las consecuencias de la puesta en marcha de dichas leyes a partir de la evolución del nivel de transparencia que presentan las administraciones locales en sus websites, tomando como caso de estudio los ayuntamientos de la Región de Murcia durante tres oleadas consecutivas (2015, 2016 y 2017). Para ello, se utilizaron 52 indicadores (testados a nivel nacional) a partir de los cuales se obtuvieron interesantes resultados que demuestran que, cinco años después de la implantación de la ley, se sigue apreciando un déficit generalizado en la implementación real de la normativa de transparencia, que afecta cuestiones clave que repercuten sobre la intangibilidad. A la vez, se advierten diferencias significativas en el grado de cumplimiento en función del sexo de los alcaldes que están al frente del municipio.
{"title":"Transparencia online como bien intangible del sector público","authors":"Carmen-María Robles-López, Rocío Zamora-Medina","doi":"10.1590/1678-9865202032e190059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202032e190059","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Las organizaciones públicas se ven obligadas a afrontar la gestión de su intangibilidad de muy diversas formas. Por lo que respecta al bien intangible de la transparencia, la implantación de diferentes leyes específicas (a nivel nacional y regional) que afectan el cómo se presenta la información pública ha sido una práctica común en el caso de las administraciones públicas españolas. Este estudio analiza las consecuencias de la puesta en marcha de dichas leyes a partir de la evolución del nivel de transparencia que presentan las administraciones locales en sus websites, tomando como caso de estudio los ayuntamientos de la Región de Murcia durante tres oleadas consecutivas (2015, 2016 y 2017). Para ello, se utilizaron 52 indicadores (testados a nivel nacional) a partir de los cuales se obtuvieron interesantes resultados que demuestran que, cinco años después de la implantación de la ley, se sigue apreciando un déficit generalizado en la implementación real de la normativa de transparencia, que afecta cuestiones clave que repercuten sobre la intangibilidad. A la vez, se advierten diferencias significativas en el grado de cumplimiento en función del sexo de los alcaldes que están al frente del municipio.","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77938322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202032e200014
D. Martínez-Ávila, Rosa SAN SEGUNDO
This paper presents a discussion of crowdsourcing approaches to knowledge organization and more specifically to the development of classification schemes. It analyzes the case of Open Shelves Classification, a terminated project that was developed by the LibraryThing community following the “open source model”, and assesses its outcomes from methodological and sociological points of view. Working with all the documentation of the project that is freely available, the text conducts an analysis of the project following the structure of the methodological lessons for open source (Bazaar model) presented by Eric Raymond in his seminal work “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” and complementing it with the discussion of the sociological aspects presented in “Homesteading the Noosphere” and other writings. The paper concludes with some recommendations for the success of open source projects and some possibilities of research for crowdsourcing projects and social epistemology.
本文讨论了知识组织的众包方法，更具体地说是分类方案的发展。它分析了开放书架分类的案例，这是一个由LibraryThing社区按照“开源模型”开发的已终止的项目，并从方法论和社会学的角度评估了它的结果。与项目的所有可免费获得的文档一起工作，文本按照Eric Raymond在他的开创性作品“大教堂和集市”中提出的开源方法课程(Bazaar模型)的结构对项目进行了分析，并补充了“Homesteading the Noosphere”和其他著作中提出的社会学方面的讨论。最后，本文对开源项目的成功提出了一些建议，并对众包项目和社会认识论的研究提出了一些可能性。
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Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e200023
Alicia Moreno-Delgado, E. Orduña-Malea, R. Repiso
Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of ranking universities considering the number of its graduates employed in top companies (selective employability), as mapped through LinkedIn. To achieve this, we analyzed the presence of 3,716,720 graduates from eighty Spanish universities hired by the Iberian Index companies, considering the percentages of graduates from each university working in those companies. The index obtained presents a short statistical range to correctly discriminate all universities. Moreover, the selective employability indicator is influenced by the distance between universities and companies (i.e., companies attract graduates from universities near their headquarters). This issue jeopardizes the use of this metric as a standalone ranking indicator. Finally, LinkedIn shows several limitations as a data source (mainly representativeness, reliability, and accuracy).
{"title":"LinkedIn as a data source to rank universities according to graduate’s employability in top companies","authors":"Alicia Moreno-Delgado, E. Orduña-Malea, R. Repiso","doi":"10.1590/2318-0889202032e200023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0889202032e200023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of ranking universities considering the number of its graduates employed in top companies (selective employability), as mapped through LinkedIn. To achieve this, we analyzed the presence of 3,716,720 graduates from eighty Spanish universities hired by the Iberian Index companies, considering the percentages of graduates from each university working in those companies. The index obtained presents a short statistical range to correctly discriminate all universities. Moreover, the selective employability indicator is influenced by the distance between universities and companies (i.e., companies attract graduates from universities near their headquarters). This issue jeopardizes the use of this metric as a standalone ranking indicator. Finally, LinkedIn shows several limitations as a data source (mainly representativeness, reliability, and accuracy).","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67330817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202032e190069
Eder Ávila-Barrientos
Resumen El propósito de este trabajo es analizar los avances de la implementación de Bibliographic Framework, BIBFRAME, en el ambiente de las bibliotecas, para identificar las tendencias futuras de la descripción, vinculación y recuperación de los recursos de información. Las complejas demandas de los usuarios de las bibliotecas han motivado la aparición de sofisticados métodos para la descripción de los nuevos recursos de información, los cuales proponen sugerentes cambios en la manera de recuperar dichos recursos, pues el modelo de datos vinculados en el que se fundamenta BIBFRAME pone de manifiesto el análisis de las relaciones que se establecen entre los datos de un determinado dominio de información documental. La sistematización de los datos de la biblioteca y su transformación en datos vinculados supone la generación de interfaces de búsqueda y recuperación altamente intuitivas y gráficamente atractivas para el usuario final. Así, el progreso de la implementación de BIBFRAME en los sistemas de información bibliotecarios dependerá de su capacidad y flexibilidad para estructurar los millones de registros Machine-Readable Cataloging que están disponibles en las bibliotecas a nivel mundial; además, se vislumbra el ambicioso objetivo de alcanzar la interoperabilidad universal entre los diferentes sistemas de información que están presentes en la Web.
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Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e190052
R. Vignoli, Silvana Drumond Monteiro
Resumo Neste artigo, objetiva-se desmitificar a Deep Web e a Dark Web, além de apresentar as principais similaridades e disparidades entre elas, essencialmente no que tange aos seguintes aspectos: (1) Termo; (2) Definição; (3) Localização metafórica no ciberespaço por meio de figura; (4) Tipos de conteúdos e (5) Formas de acesso. A pesquisa teve caráter documental e bibliográfico, com buscas realizadas na Web of Science, Scopus Elsevier, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Base de Dados Referencial de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação, Science Direct, Google Scholar e em periódicos científicos diversos. As principais relações similares e dissimilares entre a Deep Web e a Dark Web foram apresentadas no artigo. No entanto, propõe-se que novos e necessários estudos a respeito das camadas escondidas e profundas do ciberespaço sejam realizados e difundidos no campo da Ciência da Informação.
本文的目的是揭开深网和暗网的神秘面纱，并提出它们之间的主要相似和不同之处，主要涉及以下几个方面:(1)术语;(2)定义;(3)通过图形在网络空间的隐喻定位;(4)内容类型和(5)访问形式。本研究采用文献研究法和文献研究法，在Web of Science、Scopus Elsevier、科学电子图书馆在线、信息科学期刊文章参考数据库、Science Direct、谷歌Scholar和各种科学期刊上进行搜索。本文介绍了深网和暗网之间的主要相似和不同关系。然而，在信息科学领域，对网络空间的深层隐藏层进行必要的新研究并加以传播。
{"title":"Deep Web e Dark Web: similaridades e dissiparidades no contexto da Ciência da Informação","authors":"R. Vignoli, Silvana Drumond Monteiro","doi":"10.1590/2318-0889202032e190052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0889202032e190052","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo Neste artigo, objetiva-se desmitificar a Deep Web e a Dark Web, além de apresentar as principais similaridades e disparidades entre elas, essencialmente no que tange aos seguintes aspectos: (1) Termo; (2) Definição; (3) Localização metafórica no ciberespaço por meio de figura; (4) Tipos de conteúdos e (5) Formas de acesso. A pesquisa teve caráter documental e bibliográfico, com buscas realizadas na Web of Science, Scopus Elsevier, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Base de Dados Referencial de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação, Science Direct, Google Scholar e em periódicos científicos diversos. As principais relações similares e dissimilares entre a Deep Web e a Dark Web foram apresentadas no artigo. No entanto, propõe-se que novos e necessários estudos a respeito das camadas escondidas e profundas do ciberespaço sejam realizados e difundidos no campo da Ciência da Informação.","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67330697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e190086
Rodrigo Oliveira Zacarias, M. D. Jacyntho, A. Vasconcelos
Resumo Problemas relacionados à especificação de requisitos, tais como ambiguidade e incompletude, ainda são recorrentes nos processos de desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação. O reúso de requisitos é um dos mecanismos que podem auxiliar na redução desses contratempos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor um método para a criação e para a publicação de tesauros semânticos de requisitos para reúso, utilizando tecnologias e padrões da Web Semântica e de acordo com os princípios Linked Data. Para descrição formal desses tesauros, a ontologia central utilizada é a Simple Knowledge Organization System. Esse modelo ontológico fornece um conjunto de axiomas e de propriedades voltados para criação de tesauros, permitindo documentar de forma precisa e fidedigna, em um grafo de conhecimento, a definição, a hierarquia e outros inter-relacionamentos entre os requisitos de um sistema. Também é apresentado um protótipo de Web service que funciona como repositório para reúso e demonstra o método na prática. É descrito um estudo sobre a viabilidade da implementação da proposta realizado com profissionais, em que foram promovidos uma discussão em grupo e um posterior preenchimento individual de um questionário de avaliação. O estudo obteve resultados favoráveis, em sua maioria, e algumas sugestões de melhoria foram apontadas. Os participantes consideraram a proposta relevante para a Engenharia de Requisitos e com potencial de expansão, uma vez que as diretrizes apresentadas permitem a criação de novos tipos de inferência e navegabilidade sobre os requisitos armazenados.
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Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e200032
Monique de Oliveira Santiago, Felipe M. Affonso, T. M. R. Dias
Abstract Researchers concentrate their efforts to understand the different female relations with science, using approaches that review their scientific and technological participation, as well as, seeking to understand their academic trajectory and performance. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the participation of women using as database the set of PhD graduates who have their curricula entered in the Lattes Platform. The data were collected and selected obtaining a set of 125,515 curricula of women who had completed their PhD. The PhD data were grouped according to the large areas of expertise (fields of science) and academic training, in which it was possible to analyze the academic evolution and the scientific and technological production of the group in a temporal manner. The different types of studies that help to understand the general aspect of women active mainly in science, besides being relevant, exhibit the characteristics of their research. This may be useful for the generation of national scientific indicators, for the management of information in the scientific area and for technological development. It is also useful to encourage and valuate participation of women in science.
{"title":"Scientific production of women in Brazil","authors":"Monique de Oliveira Santiago, Felipe M. Affonso, T. M. R. Dias","doi":"10.1590/2318-0889202032e200032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0889202032e200032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Researchers concentrate their efforts to understand the different female relations with science, using approaches that review their scientific and technological participation, as well as, seeking to understand their academic trajectory and performance. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the participation of women using as database the set of PhD graduates who have their curricula entered in the Lattes Platform. The data were collected and selected obtaining a set of 125,515 curricula of women who had completed their PhD. The PhD data were grouped according to the large areas of expertise (fields of science) and academic training, in which it was possible to analyze the academic evolution and the scientific and technological production of the group in a temporal manner. The different types of studies that help to understand the general aspect of women active mainly in science, besides being relevant, exhibit the characteristics of their research. This may be useful for the generation of national scientific indicators, for the management of information in the scientific area and for technological development. It is also useful to encourage and valuate participation of women in science.","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67330876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e200034
Alexandre Ribas Semeler, Adilson Luiz Pinto
Abstract Data are generated during all human activities related to digital technology. In recent times, scientific research has increasingly opted for digital data as its primary source of data; data definition changes for different disciplines and researchers. In this context, we study the main characteristics of data librarianship as a specialized field of traditional librarianship concerned with data use in libraries. Our work is organized as follows: First, we present a proposed Venn diagram on the theoretical foundations of data librarianship; then, we point out the core skills needed by data librarians. Based on a non-exhaustive literature review, we point out the main topics of research in data librarianship. We describe the significance of research data, data management, data curatorship, and data repositories. Finally, we list a few certification courses in data librarianship. We conclude that data librarianship plays a dynamic role in the practical application of data technologies in libraries, and that professional development, certification, and training in data librarianship are interdisciplinary tasks linked to digital technologies.
{"title":"Data librarianship as a field study","authors":"Alexandre Ribas Semeler, Adilson Luiz Pinto","doi":"10.1590/2318-0889202032e200034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0889202032e200034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Data are generated during all human activities related to digital technology. In recent times, scientific research has increasingly opted for digital data as its primary source of data; data definition changes for different disciplines and researchers. In this context, we study the main characteristics of data librarianship as a specialized field of traditional librarianship concerned with data use in libraries. Our work is organized as follows: First, we present a proposed Venn diagram on the theoretical foundations of data librarianship; then, we point out the core skills needed by data librarians. Based on a non-exhaustive literature review, we point out the main topics of research in data librarianship. We describe the significance of research data, data management, data curatorship, and data repositories. Finally, we list a few certification courses in data librarianship. We conclude that data librarianship plays a dynamic role in the practical application of data technologies in libraries, and that professional development, certification, and training in data librarianship are interdisciplinary tasks linked to digital technologies.","PeriodicalId":44216,"journal":{"name":"Transinformacao","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67330886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0889202032e200073e
Carlos Luis González-Valiente, D. D. J. D. Macedo
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