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Role of the Variability of Abiotic Environmental Parameters in the Population Dynamics of Invasive Ctenophores in the Black Sea 非生物环境参数的可变性在黑海入侵栉水母种群动态中的作用
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010065
A. S. Kazmin, T. A. Shiganova

Abstract

The multidecade, seasonal, and interannual variability of hydrometeorological parameters of the Black Sea has been analyzed with reference to the population dynamics of invasive ctenophores. Polynomial approximations of average annual time series indicate a nonlinear character of the long-term variability of the studied parameters. Two 20- and 40-year intervals with multidirectional trends of parameter changes have been revealed. The effect of variability of abiotic factors on the two main ecosystem drivers, i.e., invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and its predator Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789, has been analyzed. M. leidyi invaded the Black Sea in the 1980s, followed by the B. ovata invasion in the 1990s. The M. leidyi invasion caused degradation of the ecosystem at all trophic levels, including fish resources. The subsequent introduction of its predator, B. ovata, provided a significant restoration of the ecosystem and fish resources in the Black Sea; this process still continues in the Sea of Azov. The interannual dynamics of both ctenophores follows water temperature changes, but only if it varies within the limits favorable for these species. In the case of exceeding these limits, a sharp reduction of their population magnitudes occurs.

摘要 结合入侵栉水母的种群动态,分析了黑海水文气象参数的十年、季节和年际变异性。年平均时间序列的多项式近似值表明,所研究参数的长期变化具有非线性特征。两个 20 年和 40 年的时间间隔显示了参数变化的多向趋势。分析了非生物因素的变化对两个主要生态系统驱动因素(即入侵栉水母 Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 及其捕食者 Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789)的影响。M. leidyi 于 20 世纪 80 年代入侵黑海,随后 B. ovata 于 20 世纪 90 年代入侵。M.leidyi入侵造成了生态系统各营养级的退化,包括鱼类资源。随后引入其捕食者 B. ovata 后,黑海的生态系统和鱼类资源得到了显著恢复;这一过程在亚速海仍在继续。这两种栉水母的年际动态随水温变化而变化,但前提是水温变化在对这些物种有利的范围内。如果超过这些限度,它们的数量就会急剧减少。
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引用次数: 0
Materials to the Black Book of Flora of Orenburg Oblast 奥伦堡州植物黑皮书》资料
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010028
L. M. Abramova, Ya. M. Golovanov

Abstract

A “blacklist” of the flora of Orenburg oblast, including 63 species of invasive plants, was compiled. According to the recommendations for the maintenance of regional black books, the blacklist species are divided into four groups according to their invasive status. Ten key species (status 1) are able to change the structure and composition of plant communities, 12 species of invasive status 2 are actively naturalizing in natural and seminatural habitats, 23 species of invasive status 3 have dispersed in anthropogenic habitats. Eighteen species are potentially invasive (status 4). The article is a phase of preparation of the regional Black Book of Flora of Orenburg Oblast and contributes to the study of invasion processes in the Southern Urals and in the Russian Federation in general. The information can be used for taking measures of verification of the number of dangerous invasive species in order to reduce ecological and economic damage due to their invasions.

摘要 编制了一份奥伦堡州植物区系 "黑名单",其中包括 63 种入侵植物。根据维护地区黑名单的建议,黑名单上的物种按其入侵状况分为四类。10 个关键物种(入侵状态 1)能够改变植物群落的结构和组成,12 个入侵状态 2 的物种正在自然和半自然栖息地积极归化,23 个入侵状态 3 的物种已在人为栖息地扩散。18 个物种具有潜在入侵性(入侵状况 4)。这篇文章是《奥伦堡州植物黑皮书》编写工作的一个阶段,有助于研究南乌拉尔乃至整个俄罗斯联邦的入侵过程。这些信息可用于采取措施核实危险入侵物种的数量,以减少其入侵造成的生态和经济损失。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in the Settlement of Invasive Plant Species on the Territory of the Nature Sanctuary “Forested Ravine near the Village of Vlasievo” (Moscow Oblast) 入侵植物物种在自然保护区 "弗拉谢沃村附近的森林峡谷"(莫斯科州)领地上的定居趋势
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010089
A. G. Kuklina, N. A. Ozerova, A. N. Shvetsov, M. N. Shaykina, E. S. Yolkina

Abstract

The issue of biodiversity conservation is of great importance. Plant species under threat of extinction are being studied especially carefully, and the cases of degradation of phytocenoses are being investigated. Invasive flora needs to be assessed in nature conservation areas. One of the reasons for the loss of unique natural ecosystems is the invasion of alien organisms, which explains the relevance of the study. The main purpose of this publication is to study the spread of invasive plant species on the territory of the nature sanctuary “Forested Ravine near the Village of Vlasievo” in Moscow oblast. During the field routes in 2017–2022, various biotopes were examined on an area of about 98 ha. The invasive flora includes 15 species, among which Heracleum sosnowskyi is the most active. Assessment of the degree of naturalization of invasive species in protected areas showed that in most species this process is slower than on average in Moscow oblast, in the neighboring Ryazan oblast, and in general in Central Russia. Probably, this trend is due to a weak degree of anthropogenic disturbance of the territory and a low number of alien individuals. At the same time, the expansion of H. sosnowsky was noted in the protected areas, leading to a partial change in the vegetation cover and the composition of the native flora, including rare and protected species. Satellite monitoring made it possible to determine the approximate period of penetration of H. sosnowskyi and to estimate the rate of its spread across protected areas. The identified alien taxa, namely, Acer negundo, Amelanchier spicata, Impatiens parviflora, Echinocystis lobata, Bidens frondosa, Erigeron annuus, and E. canadensis, are among the 100 most dangerous invasive species on the territory of the Russian Federation, which are capable of increasing the invasive potential in the case of violations of the environmental regime of protected areas.

摘要 生物多样性保护问题非常重要。目前正在对濒临灭绝的植物物种进行特别仔细的研究,并对植物区系退化的情况进行调查。需要对自然保护区内的入侵植物进行评估。外来生物入侵是导致独特自然生态系统丧失的原因之一,这也是本研究的意义所在。本出版物的主要目的是研究入侵植物物种在莫斯科州 "弗拉谢沃村附近的森林峡谷 "自然保护区境内的传播情况。在 2017-2022 年的实地路线中,在约 98 公顷的区域内考察了各种生物群落。入侵植物区系包括 15 个物种,其中 Heracleum sosnowskyi 是最活跃的物种。对保护区内入侵物种归化程度的评估表明,大多数物种的归化进程比莫斯科州、邻近的梁赞州以及整个俄罗斯中部地区的平均水平要慢。这种趋势可能是由于该地区人为干扰程度较低,外来个体数量较少。与此同时,在保护区发现了 H. sosnowsky 的扩展,导致植被覆盖和本地植物区系(包括稀有和受保护物种)的组成发生了部分变化。通过卫星监测,可以确定 H. sosnowskyi 的大致渗透期,并估计其在保护区内的蔓延速度。已确定的外来分类群,即 Acer negundo、Amelanchier spicata、Impatiens parviflora、Echinocystis lobata、Bidens frondosa、Erigeron annuus 和 E. canadensis,是俄罗斯联邦领土上 100 种最危险的入侵物种之一,在违反保护区环境制度的情况下,这些物种能够增加入侵潜力。
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引用次数: 0
First Report of Cryptostroma corticale, a Causative Agent of the Sooty Bark Disease of Maples, in Russia 俄罗斯首次报告枫树树皮煤烟病的病原体 Cryptostroma corticale
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010041

Abstract

The data on the first confirmed detection of the micromycete Cryptostroma corticale (a causative agent of the sooty bark disease of maples, which is also dangerous to humans) on the territory of Russia are presented. The data on the symptoms of the disease and the first information on its spreading in Russia are shown.

摘要 介绍了在俄罗斯境内首次确认发现的微霉菌 Cryptostroma corticale(枫树树皮煤烟病的病原体,对人类也有危害)的数据。文中还提供了有关该疾病症状的数据以及该疾病在俄罗斯传播的第一手资料。
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引用次数: 0
Features of Trematode Communities in the Ponto-Azov Snail Lithoglyphus naticoides (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) (Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from the Uglich and Rybinsk Reservoirs (Upper Volga Basin) 乌格里奇水库和雷宾斯克水库(伏尔加河上游盆地)的庞托-阿佐夫蜗牛 Lithoglyphus naticoides (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) (腹足纲,水生动物科)中的线虫群落特征
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010144

Abstract

The freshwater gastropod mollusk Lithoglyphus naticoides (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) naturalized successfully in the Rybinsk Reservoir and in the Uglich Reservoir in 2005–2011 and 2013–2015, respectively. The aim of this work is to study the structure of trematode communities in settlements of L. naticoides formed by 2019 in the upper parts of these water bodies. It is found that, in both reservoirs, the species composition of trematodes is similar and includes Apophallus muehlingi (Jägerskiöld, 1899), Apophallus (=Rossicotrema) donicus (Skrjabin et Lindtrop, 1919), Parasymphylodora markewitschi Kulakowskaja, 1947, Nicolla skrjabini (Iwanitzky, 1928), and Sanguinicola volgensis (Razin, 1929). The density of L. naticoides varies from 30 to 50 ind./m2 in the shallows of the Rybinsk Reservoir and from 50 to 520 ind./m2 in the Uglich Reservoir, where the mollusk is found at the depth of 2–9 m. In August 2019, the prevalence of parthenitae varied at different degrees even in relatively flowing upper parts of the reservoirs similar in hydrological characteristics: Apophallus spp. (32.01 and 11.45%), P. markewitschi (9.14 and 7.63%), N. skrjabini (16.57 and 7.63%), S. volgensis (19.43 and 63.36%). In the Uglich Reservoir, Xiphidiocercaria sp. (9.16%) has been recorded, though their species has not yet been determined. A single case of mixed infection with parthenitae of trematodes (Sanguinicola + Nicolla) was recorded in the Rybinsk Reservoir in 2019. In the Uglich Reservoir, mixed infection with two species of parasites is more common (Parasymphylodora + Xiphidiocercaria, Sanguinicola + Xiphidiocercaria, Sanguinicola + Parasymphylodora, Sanguinicola + Nicolla). Owing to the high occurrence of some trematodes, L. naticoides is able to have a significant impact on the ecosystems of reservoirs by the development of foci of the helminthoses even with a relatively low size of its populations.

摘要 淡水腹足类软体动物Lithoglyphus naticoides(C. Pfeiffer,1828年)分别于2005-2011年和2013-2015年在Rybinsk水库和Uglich水库成功归化。这项工作的目的是研究这些水体上层 2019 年形成的 L. naticoides 聚居地中的吸虫群落结构。研究发现,这两个水库中的吸虫物种组成相似,包括 Apophallus muehlingi (Jägerskiöld, 1899)、Apophallus (=Rossicotrema) donicus (Skrjabin et Lindtrop, 1919)、Parasymphylodora markewitschi Kulakowskaja, 1947、Nicolla skrjabini (Iwanitzky, 1928) 和 Sanguinicola volgensis (Razin, 1929)。在 Rybinsk 水库的浅滩中,L. naticoides 的密度从 30 到 50 ind./m2 不等,在乌格里奇水库中,软体动物的密度从 50 到 520 ind./m2 不等,乌格里奇水库的水深为 2-9 米。2019 年 8 月,即使在水文特征相似、水流相对较大的水库上游地区,parthenitae 的流行程度也有不同:Apophallus spp.(32.01%和 11.45%)、P. markewitschi(9.14%和 7.63%)、N. skrjabini(16.57%和 7.63%)、S. volgensis(19.43%和 63.36%)。在乌格里奇水库,记录到了 Xiphidiocercaria sp.(9.16%),但其种类尚未确定。2019 年,在雷宾斯克水库记录到一例颤形虫(Sanguinicola + Nicolla)与部分颤形虫混合感染的病例。在乌格利奇水库,两种寄生虫混合感染的情况更为常见(副噬线虫 + Xiphidiocercaria、Sanguinicola + Xiphidiocercaria、Sanguinicola + Parasymphylodora、Sanguinicola + Nicolla)。由于某些吸虫的高发生率,即使 L. naticoides 的种群规模相对较小,它也能通过发展蠕虫病病灶对水库的生态系统产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
New Data on the Asian Clam Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) from the Downstream of the Don River 关于顿河下游亚洲蛤蜊 Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) 的新数据
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010156

Abstract

Clams of the genus Corbicula were discovered for the first time in the downstream of the Don River in the area of the warm channel of the Novocherkassk State District Power Plant in 2017. They were identified as Corbicula fluminea according to conchiological features. The objective of this study is to confirm the species identification using the molecular genetic methods and determine the morphotype by shell morphometric indices: frontal (D/L) and sagittal (H/L) curvature (=Index of Roundness) and convexity ((H + D)/L). According to the results obtained, the Asian clam was assigned to the European invasive lineage of the FW5 haplotype, taxonomically assigned to C. fluminea and morphologically to the R morphotype.

摘要 2017 年,在顿河下游新谢尔卡斯克国营地区发电厂温水道区域首次发现了蚬属。根据贝壳学特征,它们被确定为Corbicula fluminea。本研究的目的是利用分子遗传学方法确认物种鉴定,并通过贝壳形态指数确定形态类型:正面(D/L)和矢状(H/L)弯曲度(=圆度指数)和凸度((H + D)/L)。根据所得结果,亚洲蛤蜊被归入 FW5 单倍型的欧洲入侵系,在分类学上被归入 C. fluminea,在形态学上被归入 R 形态型。
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引用次数: 0
Invasion of Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) into the Shershnevskoye Reservoir (City of Chelyabinsk) Dreissena polymorpha(Pallas,1771 年)入侵谢尔什涅夫斯科耶水库(车里雅宾斯克市)
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010107

Abstract

Compared to the data collected in 2016, pronounced changes in the malacofauna inhabiting the Shershnevskoye Reservoir (city of Chelyabinsk) were discovered in August 2022 at inshore sampling stations near the dam. Mollusks of the family Sphaeriidae have disappeared from the community of bivalves. The species Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) of the family Dreissenidae predominated the malacofauna in 2022. Analysis of the size and age structure of the D. polymorpha population showed that the maximum age of mollusks was 5 years. The collected data indicate that D. polymorpha has successfully invaded the Shershnevskoye Reservoir in the period since 2016 and naturalized there.

摘要 与 2016 年收集的数据相比,2022 年 8 月在大坝附近的近岸采样站发现,居住在谢尔盖耶夫斯科耶水库(车里雅宾斯克市)的孔雀鱼群发生了明显变化。双壳贝类群落中已经消失了 Sphaeriidae 科的软体动物。在 2022 年的双壳类群中,蝶形花科的 Dreissena polymorpha(Pallas,1771 年)物种占多数。对 D. polymorpha 种群大小和年龄结构的分析表明,软体动物的最大年龄为 5 岁。收集到的数据表明,自 2016 年以来,D. polymorpha 已成功入侵谢尔什涅夫斯科耶水库,并在那里归化。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the Biology of Alien Species Prussian Carp (Cyprinidae, Actinopterygii) from the Water Bodies of Armenia 亚美尼亚水体中外来物种普氏鲤(鲤科,动鳍目)的生物学特征
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1134/s2075111724010120

Abstract

The age and sex composition of the schools, food activity, the age of sexual maturity, breeding period and fecundity of the alien species Prussian carp indicate the presence of favorable environmental conditions for its wide distribution in the reservoirs of Armenia. The ratio of female/male of Prussian carp in most of the studied reservoirs was 3 : 1; most of the fish were diploids. The age composition of Prussian carp usually has 4 age groups, with maximum of 7 groups, and a minimum of 3 age groups. The age of sexual maturity of Prussian carp differs in the northern (1+ to 4+) and southern (0+ to 3+) populations in Armenia, as well as in flowing and stagnant water bodies. In some reservoirs, the percentage of Prussian carp in catches has increased over the past decades, which negatively affects the local fish species composition. This fact may indicate the formation of the invasive populations of Prussian carp in Armenia.

摘要 外来物种普氏鲤的鱼群年龄和性别组成、摄食活动、性成熟年龄、繁殖期和繁殖力表明,亚美尼亚水库中存在有利于其广泛分布的环境条件。在所研究的大多数水库中,普氏鲤的雌/雄比例为 3:1;大多数鱼为二倍体。普鲁士鲤鱼的年龄组成通常为 4 个年龄组,最多 7 个年龄组,最少 3 个年龄组。亚美尼亚北部(1+至 4+)和南部(0+至 3+)的普鲁士鲤性成熟年龄不同,流水体和死水体的性成熟年龄也不同。过去几十年来,在一些水库中,普鲁士鲤鱼在渔获量中所占的比例有所增加,这对当地鱼类物种组成产生了不利影响。这一事实可能表明亚美尼亚形成了普氏鲤入侵种群。
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引用次数: 0
THE FINDING AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE INVASIVE THERMOCYCLOPS TAIHOKUENSIS (HARADA, 1931) (CRUSTACEA: CYCLOPOIDAE) IN FLOODPLAIN LAKES OF THE KHOPERSK STATE RESERVE (VORONEZH REGION) IN 2021-2022 2021-2022年在霍珀尔斯克国家保护区(沃罗涅日州)洪泛平原湖泊中发现外来入侵的Thermocyclops taihokuensis(Harada,1931)(甲壳纲:旋毛目)及其分布情况
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.35885/1996-1499-17-1-126-132
L. Fedyaeva, R. Fedyaev
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引用次数: 0
SILVANOPRUS ANGUSTICOLLIS (REITTER, 1876) (COLEOPTERA: SILVANIDAE) - A NEW ALIEN SPECIES IN THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA Silvanoprus angusticollis (reitter, 1876) (coleoptera: silvanidae) - A new alien species in the european part of russia
IF 0.7 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.35885/1996-1499-17-1-157-157
A. Sazhnev
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Russian Journal of Biological Invasions
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