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Names-A Journal of Onomastics最新文献

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"A Change of Name during Sickness" “生病时改名”
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.5195/names.2023.2514
R. Fielding
This paper synthesizes and summarizes a selection of literature—largely anthropological and ethnographic, published between the early 18th and early 21st centuries—that describes the practice of renaming a person who is physically ill in order to affect their recovery. In none of these publications is this particular practice central; rather, it is often mentioned alongside myriad other cultural and naming practices. While no claim is made as to the exhaustive nature of the literature review, this analysis reveals patterns and similarities related to the reasoning behind such a practice and the special relationship between personal names and physical health in a wide variety of world cultures.
本文综合并总结了18世纪初至21世纪初出版的一些文献——主要是人类学和人种学的文献——这些文献描述了为影响病人康复而给病人重命名的做法。在这些出版物中,这种特殊的实践都不是核心;相反,它经常与无数其他文化和命名习惯一起被提及。虽然没有声称文献综述是详尽的,但这一分析揭示了与这种做法背后的原因有关的模式和相似之处,以及世界上各种文化中人名与身体健康之间的特殊关系。
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引用次数: 0
Exploration of River Names in China 中国河流名称探析
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.5195/names.2023.2410
Yuan Sun, Xiangyong Jiang
As a subtype of toponym, hydronyms reflect people’s perception, understanding, and contemplation of waterbodies. With data collected from authoritative gazetteers, this study classifies the names of 189 major rivers distributed across Mainland China into seven categories to extrapolate general rules governing river-naming in China. The results show that descriptive names comprise the biggest share. Based on this study’s research findings, this article also discusses the complex cognitive processes, including conceptual metonymy, conceptual metaphor, and conceptual blending involved in river-naming in China. Specifically, based on the principles of proximity and prominence, the most frequently employed types were the following metonymies: PLACE FOR RIVER, PROPERTY FOR RIVER, PERSON FOR RIVER, EVENT FOR RIVER, and FUNCTION FOR RIVER. As this research shows, river naming in China is not arbitrary, but highly motivated.
作为地名的一种,水循环地名反映了人们对水体的感知、理解和沉思。本研究利用权威地名录收集的数据,将分布在中国大陆的189条主要河流的名称分为七类,以推断中国河流命名的一般规则。结果表明,描述性名称所占比例最大。基于本研究的研究结果,本文还讨论了中国河流命名中涉及的复杂认知过程,包括概念转喻、概念隐喻和概念融合。具体来说,基于接近和突出的原则,最常用的转喻类型是:河流的位置、河流的财产、河流的人、河流的事件和河流的功能。正如这项研究所表明的那样,中国的河流命名并不是任意的,而是非常积极的。
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引用次数: 0
Planting Seeds in Literary Narrative 在文学叙事中播种
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2467
Anne W. Anderson
On the surface, Yangsook Choi’s The Name Jar (2001) is a simple story of a very young immigrant girl who considers changing her name so her new classmates will like her.  Embedded within the story, however, are key onomastic concepts and questions: What are names? Who decides our names and how? Can we choose different names for different contexts and should we? If we change our names, does who we are change? I revisit scholarly conversations about onomastic theory and discuss narrative as a means of knowing. I draw on Nikolajeva’s (2003) work in narrativity, that is, the ways in which the narrative encourages or discourages deeper thought about the implications of the text. Using analytic reading strategies, I demonstrate how Choi’s uses of verbal and visual narrative devices give the story depth and create space for readers, including scholars, to parse out and ponder onomastic concepts and questions for themselves.
从表面上看,杨秀惠(Yangsook Choi)的《名字罐子》(the Name Jar,2001)是一个简单的故事,讲述了一个非常年轻的移民女孩考虑改名,这样她的新同学就会喜欢她。然而,故事中嵌入了关键的经济学概念和问题:名字是什么?谁决定我们的名字,如何决定?我们能为不同的上下文选择不同的名称吗?我们应该这样做吗?如果我们改名,我们的身份会改变吗?我重温了关于拟声理论的学术对话,并讨论了叙事作为一种了解的手段。我借鉴了尼古拉耶娃(2003)在叙事方面的工作,即叙事鼓励或阻碍对文本含义进行更深入思考的方式。运用分析性阅读策略,我展示了崔对语言和视觉叙事手段的使用如何赋予故事深度,并为包括学者在内的读者创造空间,让他们自己解析和思考经济概念和问题。
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引用次数: 0
"My Name Is..." “我的名字是……”
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2468
C. Thomas, Blessy Samjose
A child’s personal name is an integral part of their identity. Names and name negotiation in children’s picturebooks can explore this connection by narrativizing the impact of positive and negative experiences involving name-carriers, name-givers, and name-users. In this study, we began with a framework combining a socio-onomastic perspective with the children’s literature metaphor of “mirrors and windows” (Bishop 1990) and the educational research concept of “damage and desire” narratives (Tuck 2009). Our content analysis of twelve picturebooks featuring characters with culturally and linguistically diverse names led to a coding scheme of six common episodes of name negotiation in the picturebooks’ narrative arcs: (1) inflicted damage; (2) internalized damage; (3) supplying desire; (4) internalized desire; (5) asserting the desire; and (6) joining the desire. Our findings highlight how episodes of damage focus on the pain, sadness, and struggle name-carriers undergo, while episodes of desire center the support of parents and teachers as well as detailed cultural and familial information about names. We conclude that while both “damage and desire” episodes contribute to the narratives, too heavy a focus on damage could lead to the perpetuation of a “single story” (Adichie 2009) that normalizes pain and struggle as an inevitable experience for children with linguistically and culturally diverse names.
孩子的名字是他们身份不可分割的一部分。儿童绘本中的姓名和姓名协商可以通过讲述涉及姓名载体、姓名提供者和姓名使用者的积极和消极经历的影响来探索这种联系。在这项研究中,我们从一个框架开始,将社会经济学视角与儿童文学隐喻“镜子和窗户”(Bishop 1990)和教育研究概念“伤害和欲望”叙事(Tuck 2009)相结合。我们对12本以具有文化和语言多样名称的人物为主角的图画书进行了内容分析,得出了图画书叙事弧中六个常见的名称协商事件的编码方案:(1)造成的损害;(2) 内部损害;(3) 供给欲望;(4) 内化欲望;(5) 断言欲望;以及(6)加入欲望。我们的研究结果强调,伤害事件集中在名字携带者所经历的痛苦、悲伤和挣扎上,而欲望事件集中在父母和老师的支持以及关于名字的详细文化和家庭信息上。我们得出的结论是,虽然“伤害和欲望”这两个情节都有助于叙事,但过于关注伤害可能会导致“单一故事”(Adichie,2009年)的永久化,使痛苦和斗争正常化,成为语言和文化多样的儿童不可避免的经历。
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引用次数: 0
Psammead or It Psamead or It
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2469
M. Bardet
Translating a name in children’s literature can be a delicate process, one that may be further complicated when the protagonist involved is a “Psammead”, a truly magical beast that is grammatically referred to with the pronoun “it”. This paper looks at the naming solutions utilized in three different French translations of E. Nesbit’s work. It examines the difficulties of translating names from English, a language with natural gender, into French, a language with grammatical gender. Using close text analysis and reader-response surveys, this article investigates readers’ cognitive responses, and determines whether readers of the English and French texts construct the same mental representation of the Psammead. As will be shown in this study, naming decisions made for translations can modify more than just the grammatical gender seen on the page. When an “it” becomes an “elle” or “she”, a mythical creature can become completely re-gendered.
在儿童文学作品中,翻译一个名字可能是一个微妙的过程,当主角是一个“赛米德”时,这个过程可能会变得更加复杂,赛米德是一个真正神奇的野兽,在语法上用代词“它”指代。本文着眼于E.内斯比特作品的三种不同法语翻译中使用的命名解决方案。它考察了将名字从具有自然性别的英语语言翻译成具有语法性别的法语语言的困难。本文采用近距离文本分析和读者反应调查的方法,研究了读者的认知反应,并确定了英语和法语文本的读者对赛米德的心理表征是否相同。正如本研究将显示的那样,为翻译所做的命名决定可以改变的不仅仅是页面上看到的语法性别。当“它”变成“elle”或“她”时,一个神话中的生物可以完全重新定义性别。
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引用次数: 0
Nazis, Lies, and Lullabies 纳粹,谎言和摇篮曲
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2474
I. M. Nick
In 1936, Elvira Theodolinde Bauer, a German kindergarten teacher and would-be graphic artist, wrote and illustrated a picturebook that would eventually become a classic of anti-Semitic children’s literature. Entitled Trau keinem Fuchs auf grüner Heid und keinem Jud bei seinem Eid! [Trust neither a fox on a green heath nor a yid upon his oath!]1 (Bauer 1936), the work was published and distributed by the infamous Nazi propagandist and publisher Julius Streicher—the Führer of Franken and the producer of the incendiary anti-Semitic weekly, Der Stürmer. After providing historical background on Streicher, Bauer, and the poisonous fruit of their literary collaboration, this article examines how character names in Trau keinem Fuchs were used to plant misinformation about and sow hatred against Jewish people living in the Reich. As this article also shows, by utilizing the names of real-life victims of Fascism, Bauer’s fairy tales effectively blurred the line between fact and fiction for adult and child readers alike. The article ends with a discussion of the urgent need for more research into the ways hate groups, past and present, use names to indoctrinate new members, both great and small.
1936年,德国幼儿园教师、未来的平面艺术家Elvira Theodolinde Bauer创作并绘制了一本画册,该画册最终成为反犹太主义儿童文学的经典。标题为Trau keinem Fuchs auf grüner Heid and keinem Jud bei seinem Eid![既不要相信绿荒原上的狐狸,也不要相信他的誓言!]1(Bauer 1936),这部作品由臭名昭著的纳粹宣传家和出版商Julius Streicher出版和发行,他是弗兰肯的元首,也是煽动性反犹太主义周刊Der Stürmer的制作人。在提供了斯特里彻、鲍尔及其文学合作的毒果的历史背景后,本文探讨了《特劳·凯内姆·福克斯》中的人物名字是如何被用来散布关于生活在德意志帝国的犹太人的错误信息并散播对他们的仇恨的。正如本文所示,鲍尔的童话故事利用了现实生活中法西斯主义受害者的名字,有效地模糊了成人和儿童读者的事实与虚构之间的界限。文章最后讨论了迫切需要对过去和现在的仇恨团体使用名字向新成员灌输思想的方式进行更多研究,无论大小。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial 社论
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2470
I. M. Nick
For many of us, some of our earliest and fondest memories involve story-time, when we discovered tales that had the power to inspire, calm, or chill the spirit. Over the years, the exact details of those stories may fade from our memories. However, the names of the fictional characters and imaginary places they inhabited often survive. In the spring of 2021, the American Name Society issued a call for papers for a special issue of NAMES on children’s literature, names, and naming. Onomastic scholars and names enthusiasts were invited to submit paper proposals that explored names and naming in literature intended for children and/or adolescents.
对我们中的许多人来说,我们最早和最美好的记忆涉及故事时间,当时我们发现了能够激励、平静或冷却精神的故事。随着时间的推移,这些故事的确切细节可能会从我们的记忆中消失。然而,虚构人物的名字和他们居住的想象中的地方往往幸存下来。2021年春天,美国姓名协会发布了一份关于儿童文学、姓名和命名的《姓名》特刊的论文征集呼吁。命名学者和名字爱好者被邀请提交论文提案,探讨儿童和/或青少年文学中的名字和命名。
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引用次数: 0
American Name Society Conference Call 美国姓名协会电话会议
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2472
I. M. Nick
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引用次数: 0
Invitation to Apply for the American Name Society's Emerging Scholar Award 邀请申请美国姓名协会的新兴学者奖
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2442
I. M. Nick
This special distinction is given to a new scholar whose work is judged by a panel of onomastic researchers to be of superior academic quality.
这种特殊的区别是给一个新学者,他的工作是由一个专门的研究小组判断为卓越的学术质量。
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引用次数: 0
In the Name of Freedom 以自由之名
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.5195/names.2022.2436
I. M. Nick
The ubiquitous image of the sprawling 19th century Southern plantation has meant that much of the research on US slave names has focused on regions below the mid-Atlantic (Desrochers 2002). The resulting lack of attention that has been given to other times and spaces has necessarily limited our collective understanding of slave naming patterns. The purpose of the current investigation is to help address this geo-temporal oversight. With that goal in mind, the present empirical study explores the naming patterns of fugitive slaves as advertised in newspapers published in New York and New Jersey between 1730 and 1790. Using the techniques of corpus linguistics, this investigation analyzed 147 runaway slave advertisements featuring 150 slave names. These onomastic exemplars comprised four name-types: first names, surnames, nicknames, and aliases. Onomastic patterns were identified using descriptive statistics as well chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests. Special attention was paid to exploring the relationship between the runaways’ names and their reported age, gender, and racial classification. After a brief introduction to slavery in the New England colonies, this study presents the empirical results and compares them with previous findings on US slave names. The paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations and argues for more corpus-based research into slave names.
无处不在的19世纪南方种植园的形象意味着,对美国奴隶名字的研究大多集中在大西洋中部以下地区(Desrochers 2002)。由于缺乏对其他时间和空间的关注,必然限制了我们对奴隶命名模式的集体理解。目前调查的目的是帮助解决这种地理时间上的疏忽。考虑到这一目标,本实证研究探讨了1730年至1790年间在纽约和新泽西出版的报纸上刊登的逃亡奴隶的命名模式。本研究运用语料库语言学的方法,分析了147个包含150个奴隶名字的逃跑奴隶广告。这些onomastic范例包括四种名称类型:名、姓、昵称和别名。使用描述性统计以及卡方和费雪精确检验来确定Onomastic模式。特别关注的是探索离家出走者的名字与他们报告的年龄、性别和种族分类之间的关系。在简要介绍了新英格兰殖民地的奴隶制之后,本研究提出了实证结果,并将其与之前关于美国奴隶姓名的研究结果进行了比较。文章最后讨论了这些限制,并主张对奴隶名字进行更多基于语料库的研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Names-A Journal of Onomastics
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