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Names-A Journal of Onomastics最新文献

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Corn Belt as an Enterprise-Naming Custom in the United States 玉米带作为美国企业命名习俗
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2254
Michael D. Sublett
Enterprises, be they for-profit businesses or not-for-profit organizations, require names to differentiate themselves from other entities. Over a span of more than a hundred years entrepreneurs, corporate boards, and organizational founders have chosen to use Corn Belt or some spelling variant to identify their enterprises, perhaps believing that naming after this admired agricultural region will bless their enterprise with its longevity, productivity, and favorable image. This essay looks at the beginnings of Corn Belt as a vernacular term for an agricultural region, picks up the earliest uses of Corn Belt as an inspiration for enterprise names, tracks Corn Belt enterprises through time at one of the core locations of the naming practice, and presents the enterprises that in 2020 greeted the public with Corn Belt in their names.
企业,无论是营利性企业还是非营利组织,都需要名称来区别于其他实体。在一百多年的时间里,企业家、公司董事会和组织创始人都选择使用玉米带或某种拼写变体来识别他们的企业,也许他们相信以这个令人钦佩的农业地区命名将使他们的企业拥有长寿、生产力和良好的形象。本文回顾了玉米带作为农业地区的一个本土术语的起源,总结了玉米带最早作为企业名称灵感来源的用途,追踪了玉米带企业在命名实践的核心位置之一的历史,并介绍了2020年以玉米带的名义向公众致意的企业。
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引用次数: 0
Snack Names In China 中国小吃名称
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2345
Dan Zhao
Previous studies of snack names have focused on their psychological impact on consumers in different cultures but have tended to ignore their onomastic features. This study helps to address this gap based on a corpus of 121 snack names extracted from the book Chinese Famous Local Delicious Food and Special Products. This study explores the patterns of syllables, sounds, and name types of snack names compiled in this small-scale corpus. In this investigation, it was found that descriptive names were the dominant type in the corpus and the most frequently described type feature was the food ingredient. Interestingly, metaphorical names in the corpus were in general found to be related to shape similarities. Contrary to previous findings on dish names and drinking brand names in China, the snack names examined in this corpus showed a preference for three-syllable patterns and “light” or “flat” tones. After discussing these and other findings of this research, this paper discusses what insights this study may provide for other name investigations that utilize corpus linguistic approaches.
以前对零食名称的研究主要集中在它们对不同文化消费者的心理影响上,但往往忽略了它们的经济特征。这项研究基于从《中国名优特产》一书中提取的121种小吃名称的语料库,有助于解决这一差距。本研究探讨了在这个小规模语料库中汇编的零食名称的音节、发音和名称类型的模式。在本次调查中,发现描述性名称是语料库中的主要类型,最常被描述的类型特征是食物成分。有趣的是,语料库中的隐喻性名称通常与形状相似性有关。与之前对中国菜名和饮料品牌名称的研究结果相反,本语料库中的零食名称显示出对三音节模式和“轻”或“平”音调的偏好。在讨论了这些和本研究的其他发现之后,本文讨论了本研究可以为其他利用语料库语言学方法的姓名调查提供哪些见解。
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引用次数: 1
Memoriam: Edwin D. Lawson (1923-2021) 纪念:埃德温·d·劳森(1923-2021)
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2315
Thomas Gasque
In Memoriam: Edwin D. Lawson (1923-2021)
纪念:埃德温·D·劳森(1923-2021)
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引用次数: 0
Usernames on a Finnish Online Marketplace for Illegal Drugs 芬兰非法毒品在线市场的用户名
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2234
Lasse Hämäläinen, Ari Haasio, J. Harviainen
Usernames play a major role in online communication by providing a vital first impression and including clues about the identities and personal characteristics of users. Usernames are extremely important in the online trade of illegal drugs, which carries several risks and therefore requires a high degree of trust between the transaction parties. This study examines how sellers and buyers of illegal drugs represent themselves in their usernames. Data on 1,654 usernames collected from a Finnish darknet marketplace, Torilauta (2017–2020) are analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The usernames are mostly in Finnish and often feature slang and spoken language expressions. Many names include clues about a user’s age, gender, and location. References to various illegal drugs in usernames were found to express a close relationship with the substances. In contrast, they only rarely utilize typical real-life marketing strategies, which suggests that the users do not seek publicity and do not wish to enhance their online reputation. Differences between drug sellers’ and buyers’ usernames are minimal, possibly because of group overlap. Overall, it appears that the users aim to blend in with the drug user community rather than stand out from it by building distinctive images of themselves.
用户名在在线交流中扮演着重要的角色,它提供了重要的第一印象,并包含了关于用户身份和个人特征的线索。在非法毒品的网上交易中,用户名是极其重要的,它带有许多风险,因此需要交易双方之间的高度信任。这项研究考察了非法毒品的卖家和买家如何在他们的用户名中表示自己。从芬兰暗网市场Torilauta(2017-2020)收集的1654个用户名数据进行了定性和定量分析。这些用户名大多是芬兰语,通常带有俚语和口语表达。许多名字包含有关用户年龄、性别和位置的线索。发现用户名中提到的各种非法药物表达了与这些物质的密切关系。相比之下,他们很少使用典型的现实生活营销策略,这表明用户不寻求宣传,也不希望提高他们的在线声誉。毒品卖家和买家的用户名之间的差异很小,可能是因为群体重叠。总的来说,吸毒者的目标似乎是融入吸毒者群体,而不是通过建立自己独特的形象来脱颖而出。
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引用次数: 2
Naming, Identity, and Tourism 命名、身份和旅游
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2312
I. M. Nick
Naming, Identity, and Tourism. Edited by Luisa Caiazzo, Richard Coates, and Maoz Azaryahu. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2020. Pp. vii + 233. £61.99. ISBN 13: 978-1-5275-4286-0.
命名、身份和旅游。Luisa Caiazzo、Richard Coates和Maoz Azaryahu编辑。泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔:剑桥学者出版社。2020年,第vii页+233页。61.99英镑为13亿英镑:978-1-5275-4286-0。
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引用次数: 1
Dictionary of French Family Names in North America 北美法语姓氏词典
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2283
A. Lapierre
Dictionary of French Family Names in North America. By Marc Picard. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020. Pp xxvi + 719. ISBN:1-5275-5853-3; ISBN13: 978-1-5275-5853-3. £80.99 (Paperback).
《北美法语姓氏词典》。作者:Marc Picard。英国泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔:剑桥学者出版社,2020年。第xxvi+719页。ISBN:1-5275-5853-3;ISBN13:978-1-5275-5853-3。80.99英镑(Paperback)。
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引用次数: 0
Note of Remembrance in Honor of Edwin David Lawson (December 23, 1923—July 3, 2021) 纪念埃德温·大卫·劳森(1923年12月23日至2021年7月3日)
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2313
A. Demsky
This note of remembrance is written for the eminent onomastician Edwin David Lawson.
这封纪念信是为著名的未经学家埃德温·大卫·劳森写的。
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引用次数: 0
Sound Symbolism in Baseball Player Names 棒球运动员姓名中的声音象征
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-02-15 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2245
Stephanie S. Shih, Deniz Rudin
Recent work has argued that sound symbolism plays a much larger part in language than previously believed, given the assumption of the arbitrariness of the sign. A slate of recent papers on Pokémonastics, for example, has found sound symbolic associations to be rampant in Pokémon names cross-linguistically. In this paper, we explore a real-world dataset that parallels Pokémon, in which human players similarly have physical attributes of weight, height, and power: Major League Baseball. We investigated phonological correlations between baseball player statistics and their given first names, chosen baseball-official first names,and baseball nicknames. We found numerous sound symbolic associations in player-chosen names and nicknames, where conscious design may play a role in choosing a name that communicates an attribute. These associations were often mediated by language-specific hypocoristic formation processes. We conclude that sound symbolism occurs in real-world naming practices, but only when names are chosen in cognizance of the relevant attributes.
最近的研究表明,考虑到符号的任意性,声音象征主义在语言中扮演的角色比之前认为的要大得多。例如,最近一系列关于poksamastics的论文发现,在跨语言的poksamastics名字中,声音符号关联非常猖獗。在本文中,我们探索了一个与poksammon相似的真实世界数据集,其中人类玩家同样具有体重,身高和力量的物理属性:Major League Baseball。我们调查了棒球运动员的统计数据与他们的名字、选定的棒球官方名字和棒球昵称之间的语音相关性。我们在玩家选择的名字和昵称中发现了许多声音符号关联,有意识的设计可能在选择能够传达属性的名字时发挥作用。这些关联通常是由语言特异性的伪善形成过程介导的。我们的结论是,声音象征主义出现在现实世界的命名实践中,但只有在认识到相关属性的情况下才选择名字。
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引用次数: 2
Rosenberg by Any Other Name Rosenberg的其他名字
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-02-15 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2246
Beth DiNatale Johnson
A Rosenberg by Any Other Name: A History of Jewish NameChanging in America. By KIRSTEN FERMAGLICH. New York: NewYork University Press. 2018. Pp. v þ 245. $28.00. ISBN: 978-1-4798-6720-2.
《任何其他名字的罗森博格:美国犹太人改名史》。在Kirsten Farmaglich。纽约:纽约大学出版社。2018年,第245页$28.00。ISBN:978-1-4798-6720-2。
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引用次数: 0
Use of a Matching Preference Index to Empirically Examine Distribution Imbalances in Beijing Citizens’ Names 基于匹配偏好指数的北京市居民姓名分配失衡实证研究
IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5195/names.2021.2314
Ziming Zhao, Xiaomeng Li, Qinghua Chen
Personal names contain considerable meaningful information about biological and social characteristics of the name-bearer. They also routinely contain important data about cultural preferences in the naming process. Access to this level of information has been limited in the past by a lack of access to large-scale empirical data. As this investigation demonstrates, by utilizing a reliable large-scale sample of Beijing citizens, it is possible to empirically demonstrate onomastic imbalances in the occurrence of Chinese surnames, given names, and full names. In particular, this paper explores the matching imbalance between Chinese surnames and given names, a phenomenon which has as yet received scant attention in onomastic literature. As this article demonstrates, our innovative quantitative approach makes it possible to reveal statistically significant differences between real names and “random-matching names” that reflect a matching imbalance and imply the probable existence of underlying cultural preferences in Chinese naming processes. The key to this approach is generating a matching preference index (MPI) for names in a dataset. Alongside explaining how this approach is used, this paper offers possible reasons to explain why specific names have higher or lower MPI rankings. As this paper argues, one of the main reasons for these empirical differences may be found in special associations name-givers have within Chinese culture.
个人的名字包含了相当有意义的信息,关于名字的持有者的生物学和社会特征。它们还通常包含命名过程中有关文化偏好的重要数据。过去,由于无法获得大规模的经验数据,对这一级别信息的获取受到限制。正如本调查所表明的那样,通过使用可靠的大规模北京市民样本,可以从经验上证明中国姓氏、名和全名出现的onomastic失衡。本文特别探讨了中国姓氏和名字的匹配不平衡,这一现象在名词文学中还很少得到关注。正如本文所展示的那样,我们创新的定量方法可以揭示真实姓名和“随机匹配姓名”之间的统计显著差异,这些差异反映了匹配不平衡,并暗示中国命名过程中可能存在潜在的文化偏好。这种方法的关键是为数据集中的名称生成匹配首选项索引(MPI)。除了解释如何使用这种方法外,本文还提供了可能的原因来解释为什么特定名称具有更高或更低的MPI排名。本文认为,造成这些实证差异的主要原因之一可能在于取名者在中国文化中所具有的特殊联系。
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引用次数: 1
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Names-A Journal of Onomastics
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