Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1394886
Feng Chen, Huiqing Wang, Yu-jiang Yuan
ABSTRACT Divergent responses of tree growth to climate change have been widely reported from the high altitude forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we developed tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies for the Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) from three sites (DHS, XXG, and TLC) with different hydrothermal conditions in the arid northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and we used these chronologies to observe climate-growth relationships and divergent growth responses of the Qinghai spruce. Cross correlations showed highly significant divergences among the TRW and MXD chronologies. Precipitation was most strongly related to TRW in different spruce trees. At the upper treeline site (XXG) and at the relatively wet site (TLC), where growth was limited by temperature, MXD showed similar growth trends over time. At the dry site (DHS), TRW showed a strong drought stress signal over time, and MXD lost sensitivity to temperature variations. We would like to highlight the necessity for additional studies investigating possible non-stationary growth responses of trees that are experiencing climate warming, especially for studies of MXD at dry sites that are used for temperature reconstruction in arid areas.
{"title":"Divergent growth response of Qinghai spruce to recent climate warming in the arid northeastern Tibet Plateau","authors":"Feng Chen, Huiqing Wang, Yu-jiang Yuan","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1394886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1394886","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Divergent responses of tree growth to climate change have been widely reported from the high altitude forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we developed tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies for the Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) from three sites (DHS, XXG, and TLC) with different hydrothermal conditions in the arid northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and we used these chronologies to observe climate-growth relationships and divergent growth responses of the Qinghai spruce. Cross correlations showed highly significant divergences among the TRW and MXD chronologies. Precipitation was most strongly related to TRW in different spruce trees. At the upper treeline site (XXG) and at the relatively wet site (TLC), where growth was limited by temperature, MXD showed similar growth trends over time. At the dry site (DHS), TRW showed a strong drought stress signal over time, and MXD lost sensitivity to temperature variations. We would like to highlight the necessity for additional studies investigating possible non-stationary growth responses of trees that are experiencing climate warming, especially for studies of MXD at dry sites that are used for temperature reconstruction in arid areas.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"169 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1394886","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43938474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Summer climate variability in South China at decadal scales is not well understood due to the relatively short meteorological records and the scarcity of paleo-proxies. Herein, we explore the potential of using tree-ring latewood width (LWW) from Tsuga longibracteata to reconstruct summer climatic factors. Latewood usually forms in the mid- to late growing season, at least partly during summer. Tree-ring samples were collected at three sites (HS, QSZ, and SJD) close to the northern boundary of Guangxi province. We built three LWW chronologies and three adjusted LWW chronologies (LWWadj) after the removal of the influence of earlywood on latewood growth. Bootstrapped correlation and response analyses indicate that the LWW chronologies are significantly correlated with summer climatic factors, and the LWWadj chronologies show much higher correlations. The extent to which summer climatic signals can be extracted from LWWadj is site-dependent. At the well-drained sites (QSZ and SJD) with abundant sunshine, LWWadj shows significant positive correlations with July–August Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), owing to the positive response to precipitation and the negative response to temperature. In contrast, LWWadj only exhibits positive responses to July temperature on north-oriented slope (HS) with high water-holding capacity. Nearly 37% of the variance in the regional SPEI can be explained by the LWWadj chronology from the forest stand (QSZ) on well-drained southeast-facing slope with less endogenous disturbances. These results indicate that there is a great potential of using LWWadj to reconstruct summer SPEI in South China when suitable sampling sites are selected.
{"title":"Summer climate implications of tree-ring latewood width: a case study of Tsuga longibracteata in South China","authors":"Yesi Zhao, Jiangfeng Shi, Shiyuan Shi, Bowen Wang, Jian Yu","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1377623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1377623","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Summer climate variability in South China at decadal scales is not well understood due to the relatively short meteorological records and the scarcity of paleo-proxies. Herein, we explore the potential of using tree-ring latewood width (LWW) from Tsuga longibracteata to reconstruct summer climatic factors. Latewood usually forms in the mid- to late growing season, at least partly during summer. Tree-ring samples were collected at three sites (HS, QSZ, and SJD) close to the northern boundary of Guangxi province. We built three LWW chronologies and three adjusted LWW chronologies (LWWadj) after the removal of the influence of earlywood on latewood growth. Bootstrapped correlation and response analyses indicate that the LWW chronologies are significantly correlated with summer climatic factors, and the LWWadj chronologies show much higher correlations. The extent to which summer climatic signals can be extracted from LWWadj is site-dependent. At the well-drained sites (QSZ and SJD) with abundant sunshine, LWWadj shows significant positive correlations with July–August Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), owing to the positive response to precipitation and the negative response to temperature. In contrast, LWWadj only exhibits positive responses to July temperature on north-oriented slope (HS) with high water-holding capacity. Nearly 37% of the variance in the regional SPEI can be explained by the LWWadj chronology from the forest stand (QSZ) on well-drained southeast-facing slope with less endogenous disturbances. These results indicate that there is a great potential of using LWWadj to reconstruct summer SPEI in South China when suitable sampling sites are selected.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"131 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1377623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41783965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1354770
Choyon Kumar Saha
ABSTRACT Livelihood in developing countries draws grave attention to the climatic and anthropogenic stressors that contribute to risk the livelihood despite diversification, and thus wane people’s adaptive capacity and capabilities to cope with unanticipated shocks. Following stratified purposive sampling techniques, a total of nine focus group sessions were performed at three island-chars of Mahishkhocha union in Lalmonirhat district, from February to May in 2013, and explores current livelihood practices and likely risks. The analysis explores evolving risks sprouted from climatic stressors including riverbank erosion, flooding, cold wave, erratic rainfalls and droughts that contribute to livelihood disturbances and slothful processes of sustainable livelihood renewal. The findings suggest that risks are compounded by anthropogenic stressors classifying into state and non-state engagements across manifold institutional scales and policy arrangements, providing insight for promoting rural livelihoods through different actors, formal and informal institutions. Despite challenges to addressing likely risks at different scales, this research demonstrates how public policies can elevate adverse conditions for the emergence of sustainable livelihood pathways.
{"title":"Dynamics of climatic and anthropogenic stressors in risking island-char livelihoods: a case of northwestern Bangladesh","authors":"Choyon Kumar Saha","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1354770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1354770","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Livelihood in developing countries draws grave attention to the climatic and anthropogenic stressors that contribute to risk the livelihood despite diversification, and thus wane people’s adaptive capacity and capabilities to cope with unanticipated shocks. Following stratified purposive sampling techniques, a total of nine focus group sessions were performed at three island-chars of Mahishkhocha union in Lalmonirhat district, from February to May in 2013, and explores current livelihood practices and likely risks. The analysis explores evolving risks sprouted from climatic stressors including riverbank erosion, flooding, cold wave, erratic rainfalls and droughts that contribute to livelihood disturbances and slothful processes of sustainable livelihood renewal. The findings suggest that risks are compounded by anthropogenic stressors classifying into state and non-state engagements across manifold institutional scales and policy arrangements, providing insight for promoting rural livelihoods through different actors, formal and informal institutions. Despite challenges to addressing likely risks at different scales, this research demonstrates how public policies can elevate adverse conditions for the emergence of sustainable livelihood pathways.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"107 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1354770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1387161
G. Indraprahasta, B. Derudder
ABSTRACT This paper presents an analysis of the position of the Jakarta metropolitan area (JMA) in global inter-urban networks. Our starting point is our aim to provide a more nuanced understanding of the JMA’s connectivity in world city networks (WCNs). To this end, we steer clear of top-down approaches, which tend to analyze cities in singular taxonomies of global prominence, and instead propose a framework that is attuned to the JMA’s contexts to provide an alternative and complementary reading of how the JMA has been inserted into the WCN. To this end, by drawing on the interlocking network model, which helps to proxy inter-urban networks based on the multi-locational operations of manufacturing firms, we examine the JMA’s network positionality on the global and national scales. The results provide evidence of the JMA’s global inter-city relations being strongly geared toward East Asian cities. In addition, the results suggest that the JMA cannot be detached from its national geography, as evidenced by its strong connections with cities located on the island of Java.
{"title":"Probing the position of the Jakarta metropolitan area in global inter-urban networks through the lens of manufacturing firms","authors":"G. Indraprahasta, B. Derudder","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1387161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1387161","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents an analysis of the position of the Jakarta metropolitan area (JMA) in global inter-urban networks. Our starting point is our aim to provide a more nuanced understanding of the JMA’s connectivity in world city networks (WCNs). To this end, we steer clear of top-down approaches, which tend to analyze cities in singular taxonomies of global prominence, and instead propose a framework that is attuned to the JMA’s contexts to provide an alternative and complementary reading of how the JMA has been inserted into the WCN. To this end, by drawing on the interlocking network model, which helps to proxy inter-urban networks based on the multi-locational operations of manufacturing firms, we examine the JMA’s network positionality on the global and national scales. The results provide evidence of the JMA’s global inter-city relations being strongly geared toward East Asian cities. In addition, the results suggest that the JMA cannot be detached from its national geography, as evidenced by its strong connections with cities located on the island of Java.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"147 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1387161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43365290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1296366
N. Banu, Shahab Fazal
ABSTRACT The present study is an attempt to depict the picture of livelihoods and its sustainability in the transforming economy of peri-urban interface (PUI). The study assumes that process of peri-urbanization adds complexity to household livelihood security and the process of peri-urbanization has been considered as stress. To measure this stress, the study adopts the Sustainable Livelihood Approach targeted to understand the livelihood status of households. It also evaluates the coping strategies adopted by households for surviving in transforming economic and social PUI environment.
{"title":"A pragmatic assessment of livelihood status in the peri-urban interface: a case from developing India","authors":"N. Banu, Shahab Fazal","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1296366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1296366","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study is an attempt to depict the picture of livelihoods and its sustainability in the transforming economy of peri-urban interface (PUI). The study assumes that process of peri-urbanization adds complexity to household livelihood security and the process of peri-urbanization has been considered as stress. To measure this stress, the study adopts the Sustainable Livelihood Approach targeted to understand the livelihood status of households. It also evaluates the coping strategies adopted by households for surviving in transforming economic and social PUI environment.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1296366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47482793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1328606
Yiwen Shao, Jiang Xu
ABSTRACT There has been a growing tendency in recent years to use resilience theory when drawing up guidelines for formulating urban plans. However, restorative resilience analysis, which is the application of resilience thinking to introspect the planning system, has not yet been well addressed in existing academic inquiry. This article attempts to fill this gap by examining whether urban resilience features in China’s reconstruction planning regulation on different geographical levels, using carefully selected proxy resilience attributes. Reconstruction planning legislation and policies (RPLPs) are the focus of this study because they are perceived to play an important potential role in defining normative planning discourses and legitimizing planning practices. The article develops three major arguments. Firstly, while urban resilience does not yet feature explicitly on the agenda for reconstruction planning in China, specifications of RPLPs do convey certain attributes of urban resilience, but in a distorted form which reflects a failure to fully represent the evolutionary resilience perspective. Secondly, these RPLPs enable, at least rhetorically, a highly connected and efficient environment for post-disaster reconstruction efforts across levels and among institutions, especially through the adoption of a multilayered partner support program (PSP). Thirdly, based on the second argument, resilience is more usefully interpreted as a process rather than an outcome, as the performance of planning regulations would suggest. These arguments are elaborated through a case study of reconstruction planning in Wenchuan County following the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake.
{"title":"Regulating post-disaster reconstruction planning in China: towards a resilience-based approach?","authors":"Yiwen Shao, Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1328606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1328606","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There has been a growing tendency in recent years to use resilience theory when drawing up guidelines for formulating urban plans. However, restorative resilience analysis, which is the application of resilience thinking to introspect the planning system, has not yet been well addressed in existing academic inquiry. This article attempts to fill this gap by examining whether urban resilience features in China’s reconstruction planning regulation on different geographical levels, using carefully selected proxy resilience attributes. Reconstruction planning legislation and policies (RPLPs) are the focus of this study because they are perceived to play an important potential role in defining normative planning discourses and legitimizing planning practices. The article develops three major arguments. Firstly, while urban resilience does not yet feature explicitly on the agenda for reconstruction planning in China, specifications of RPLPs do convey certain attributes of urban resilience, but in a distorted form which reflects a failure to fully represent the evolutionary resilience perspective. Secondly, these RPLPs enable, at least rhetorically, a highly connected and efficient environment for post-disaster reconstruction efforts across levels and among institutions, especially through the adoption of a multilayered partner support program (PSP). Thirdly, based on the second argument, resilience is more usefully interpreted as a process rather than an outcome, as the performance of planning regulations would suggest. These arguments are elaborated through a case study of reconstruction planning in Wenchuan County following the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"71 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1328606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42939662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1322992
D. Kumar
ABSTRACT The issues relating to global warming and urban heat island have praised the global inclination toward the study of surface temperature (ST) variations. ST is undeniably considered as one of the most significant parameters to assess the impact of temperature variability in any urban environment. The present work tries to extend the work beyond the thermal image processing for variability analysis with a multiscale cell division approach. Subsequently, a radical approach in conjunction with formal statistical techniques is attempted to characterize the spatial variability for the directional attributes. These methods may be helpful in detecting and quantifying the spatial variability at major and minor scales. The spatial variability is investigated to illustrate the spatial distribution of temperature over urban–rural (Rurban) areas contributing to the heat island. The results seemingly revealed that there is an aggregation of the spatial thermal gradient along Rurban areas and vice versa, whereas urban fringe exhibited very complex results of temperature variability for the various land use. The study also validated the approaches for integration of spatial variability techniques with the formal statistical approach as a reliable mechanism to monitor the thermal dynamics in the urban environment.
{"title":"Surface temperature variability analysis of an urban area using Landsat ETM+ thermal images","authors":"D. Kumar","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1322992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1322992","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The issues relating to global warming and urban heat island have praised the global inclination toward the study of surface temperature (ST) variations. ST is undeniably considered as one of the most significant parameters to assess the impact of temperature variability in any urban environment. The present work tries to extend the work beyond the thermal image processing for variability analysis with a multiscale cell division approach. Subsequently, a radical approach in conjunction with formal statistical techniques is attempted to characterize the spatial variability for the directional attributes. These methods may be helpful in detecting and quantifying the spatial variability at major and minor scales. The spatial variability is investigated to illustrate the spatial distribution of temperature over urban–rural (Rurban) areas contributing to the heat island. The results seemingly revealed that there is an aggregation of the spatial thermal gradient along Rurban areas and vice versa, whereas urban fringe exhibited very complex results of temperature variability for the various land use. The study also validated the approaches for integration of spatial variability techniques with the formal statistical approach as a reliable mechanism to monitor the thermal dynamics in the urban environment.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"25 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1322992","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46118499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1323654
David N. Nguyen
ABSTRACT This paper advances geographic theoretical models on the spatial and temporal effects of tourism development and modifies them to analyze archipelagic destinations. Using Okinawa, Japan, as a case study, changes in the distribution of resort hotels, transportation linkages, tourism numbers, and development policies are examined over a period of 40 years. The results of this empirical study suggest that Okinawa’s development corresponds very closely to the archipelagic model which, in turn, corresponds to other similar models predicting the spread of tourism.
{"title":"An archipelagic tourism development model: the case of Okinawa Prefecture","authors":"David N. Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1323654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1323654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper advances geographic theoretical models on the spatial and temporal effects of tourism development and modifies them to analyze archipelagic destinations. Using Okinawa, Japan, as a case study, changes in the distribution of resort hotels, transportation linkages, tourism numbers, and development policies are examined over a period of 40 years. The results of this empirical study suggest that Okinawa’s development corresponds very closely to the archipelagic model which, in turn, corresponds to other similar models predicting the spread of tourism.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"39 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1323654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48584470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2017.1325758
Yuming Jiang, Zongshan Li, Z. Fan
ABSTRACT High-resolution proxy data are limited in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, which inhibits our understanding of long-term climate variability in historical periods. In this study, we developed one tree-ring-width chronology of Tsuga dumosa (D. Don Eichler) in the Gaoligong Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Tree-ring-width chronology showed negative correlations with monthly temperatures in most months, especially for current year, whereas correlations with precipitation and relative humidity were mostly positive. Significant positive correlations were found between tree rings and relative humidity in February, April and June of current year and May of previous year. February–April relative humidity was reconstructed for the past 321 years (A.D. 1695–2016) in the Gaoligong Mountains, which explained 26% of the actual variance during the calibration period 1962–2004. In this reconstruction, dry periods occurred in 1808–1820, 1831–1842, 1914–1921, 1958–1964 and 1980–1988. Wet periods were found in 1700–1727, 1821–1830, 1843–1859, 1944–1957 and 1965–1979. The dry and wet episodes of our relative humidity reconstruction match well other studies in the nearby regions, which demonstrate that the new record is reliable and captures large-scale climate signals.
{"title":"Tree-ring based February–April relative humidity reconstruction since A.D. 1695 in the Gaoligong Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yuming Jiang, Zongshan Li, Z. Fan","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2017.1325758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2017.1325758","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT High-resolution proxy data are limited in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, which inhibits our understanding of long-term climate variability in historical periods. In this study, we developed one tree-ring-width chronology of Tsuga dumosa (D. Don Eichler) in the Gaoligong Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Tree-ring-width chronology showed negative correlations with monthly temperatures in most months, especially for current year, whereas correlations with precipitation and relative humidity were mostly positive. Significant positive correlations were found between tree rings and relative humidity in February, April and June of current year and May of previous year. February–April relative humidity was reconstructed for the past 321 years (A.D. 1695–2016) in the Gaoligong Mountains, which explained 26% of the actual variance during the calibration period 1962–2004. In this reconstruction, dry periods occurred in 1808–1820, 1831–1842, 1914–1921, 1958–1964 and 1980–1988. Wet periods were found in 1700–1727, 1821–1830, 1843–1859, 1944–1957 and 1965–1979. The dry and wet episodes of our relative humidity reconstruction match well other studies in the nearby regions, which demonstrate that the new record is reliable and captures large-scale climate signals.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"34 1","pages":"59 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2017.1325758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47539076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-02DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2016.1250645
Anna Ka-yin Lee
ABSTRACT The pursuit of cultural heritage conservation is particularly problematic in China as the country has been undergoing substantial changes in its governance processes in the post-reform era. As the regime becomes less authoritarian and more pluralized, a multitude of stakeholders (both state and non-state), are now involved in promoting, constructing, challenging and safeguarding a variety of meanings and values in heritage. This paper focuses the attention on the market sector and examines the extent of market forces in contributing to effective heritage conservation using the designated historic district of Xinhepu in the old residential district of Yuexiu in Guangzhou as a case. The concept of neoliberalism implies a larger role played by the market, which is defined as investment, expertise and innovations from the private operators. Informed by a review of relevant documents and publications, and semi-structured interviews with Guangzhou-based state- and non-stakeholders who have extensive knowledge on managing the historic district, this paper examines the achievements and difficulties of individual private operators face in protecting heritage buildings and historic buildings on the site. The findings suggest that Guangzhou has yet to fully embrace a neoliberal approach to heritage conservation. The conditions of extending market forces to successfully conserve the entire historic district include the formulation of a clear set of regulatory rules and the presence of implementing agencies with enhanced institutional and organizational strength, both of which are regrettably absent in the case.
{"title":"The role of private sector in built heritage conservation: a case study of Xinhepu, Guangzhou","authors":"Anna Ka-yin Lee","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2016.1250645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2016.1250645","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The pursuit of cultural heritage conservation is particularly problematic in China as the country has been undergoing substantial changes in its governance processes in the post-reform era. As the regime becomes less authoritarian and more pluralized, a multitude of stakeholders (both state and non-state), are now involved in promoting, constructing, challenging and safeguarding a variety of meanings and values in heritage. This paper focuses the attention on the market sector and examines the extent of market forces in contributing to effective heritage conservation using the designated historic district of Xinhepu in the old residential district of Yuexiu in Guangzhou as a case. The concept of neoliberalism implies a larger role played by the market, which is defined as investment, expertise and innovations from the private operators. Informed by a review of relevant documents and publications, and semi-structured interviews with Guangzhou-based state- and non-stakeholders who have extensive knowledge on managing the historic district, this paper examines the achievements and difficulties of individual private operators face in protecting heritage buildings and historic buildings on the site. The findings suggest that Guangzhou has yet to fully embrace a neoliberal approach to heritage conservation. The conditions of extending market forces to successfully conserve the entire historic district include the formulation of a clear set of regulatory rules and the presence of implementing agencies with enhanced institutional and organizational strength, both of which are regrettably absent in the case.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"33 1","pages":"115 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2016.1250645","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59942385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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