Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9173992
Marko N. Radović, Gorazd Lešnjak, P. Kitak, P. Planinsic
Two electrically thick body BoR monopole antennas are proposed with enhanced antennas gain performances. Both antennas are designed above infinite ground plane, fed with coaxial cable and to operate in frequency range from 0.3 GHz to 1.2 GHz. Voltage standing wave ratio and realized gain characteristics are observed and studied. The enhancement was obtained using optimization with Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. Proposed antennas have better gain performances in comparison to reference conical cylindrical antenna. Results obtained for second antenna show improved impedance bandwidth performances in the upper part of frequency band in comparison to reference antenna.
{"title":"Optimization of Thick BoR Monopole Antennas Using Differential Evolution","authors":"Marko N. Radović, Gorazd Lešnjak, P. Kitak, P. Planinsic","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9173992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9173992","url":null,"abstract":"Two electrically thick body BoR monopole antennas are proposed with enhanced antennas gain performances. Both antennas are designed above infinite ground plane, fed with coaxial cable and to operate in frequency range from 0.3 GHz to 1.2 GHz. Voltage standing wave ratio and realized gain characteristics are observed and studied. The enhancement was obtained using optimization with Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. Proposed antennas have better gain performances in comparison to reference conical cylindrical antenna. Results obtained for second antenna show improved impedance bandwidth performances in the upper part of frequency band in comparison to reference antenna.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115515917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174180
A. Teker, Ahmet Haydar Örnek, B. Canberk
Operational burden of a Content Delivery Network that is a vast overlay network on top of current Internet Architecture can be alleviated by forecasting Content Delivery Network bandwidths. The purpose of this paper is to forecast network bandwidth usage for Content Delivery Networks’ Points of Presence. In this paper we compare Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Averages and Artificial Neural Networks that can be used for predicting and minimizing operational costs of Content Delivery Networks via resource allocation, server allotment and local ISP bandwidth contract costs. We directly forecast end-user to Content Delivery Network bandwidth, so it can directly be used to lower end-user latencies. In this paper; we first conduct Self-Similarity Analysis and then utilize Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Averages and Artificial Neural Networks to predict bandwidth usage with 6.338% error.
{"title":"Network Bandwidth Usage Forecast in Content Delivery Networks","authors":"A. Teker, Ahmet Haydar Örnek, B. Canberk","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174180","url":null,"abstract":"Operational burden of a Content Delivery Network that is a vast overlay network on top of current Internet Architecture can be alleviated by forecasting Content Delivery Network bandwidths. The purpose of this paper is to forecast network bandwidth usage for Content Delivery Networks’ Points of Presence. In this paper we compare Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Averages and Artificial Neural Networks that can be used for predicting and minimizing operational costs of Content Delivery Networks via resource allocation, server allotment and local ISP bandwidth contract costs. We directly forecast end-user to Content Delivery Network bandwidth, so it can directly be used to lower end-user latencies. In this paper; we first conduct Self-Similarity Analysis and then utilize Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Averages and Artificial Neural Networks to predict bandwidth usage with 6.338% error.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123461323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174095
M. Kubicka, O. Koudelka, David Evans, R. Zeif, Maximilian Henkel, A. Hörmer
OPS-SAT is a 3U CubeSat, designed for versatile use as an experimental platform for industry and universities, to demonstrate new operational concepts and prototype software in a real space environment. The satellite offers numerous payloads alongside the satellite bus, all of which might be used by an OPS-SAT experiment. The unpredictable nature of experiments with respect to the use of payload components raises certain unknowns, in particular concerning power consumption. As a result, the thermal behaviour throughout the satellite depends largely on which of the several on-board experiments and the associated payloads are switched on. OPS-SAT offers a variety of communication modules, such as a UHF transceiver, an S-Band transceiver, a Software Defined Radio (SDR), an X-Band transmitter and an optical receiver. The peak power consumption of OPS-SAT may exceed 30 watts during high power experiments. The S-Band transceiver consumes up to 10 watts during ground station passes and the so-called Satellite Experimental Processing Platform (SEPP), the heart of OPS-SAT experiments, consumes up to 8 watts constantly. This work provides an overview of the design and the thermal considerations on OPS-SAT and the results of the thermal vacuum (TVAC) test campaign. The results yield an average thermo-optical emissivity of 0.79 to 0.84 and the thermal power distribution on the spacecraft surface, and demonstrate the special case of the thermally isolated S-Band and X-Band patch antennas. Based on the derived results, predictions can be made about the thermal behaviour during various load cases and during periods with an active S-Band transmitter.
{"title":"Thermal Vacuum Tests and Thermal Properties on ESA’s OPS-SAT mission","authors":"M. Kubicka, O. Koudelka, David Evans, R. Zeif, Maximilian Henkel, A. Hörmer","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174095","url":null,"abstract":"OPS-SAT is a 3U CubeSat, designed for versatile use as an experimental platform for industry and universities, to demonstrate new operational concepts and prototype software in a real space environment. The satellite offers numerous payloads alongside the satellite bus, all of which might be used by an OPS-SAT experiment. The unpredictable nature of experiments with respect to the use of payload components raises certain unknowns, in particular concerning power consumption. As a result, the thermal behaviour throughout the satellite depends largely on which of the several on-board experiments and the associated payloads are switched on. OPS-SAT offers a variety of communication modules, such as a UHF transceiver, an S-Band transceiver, a Software Defined Radio (SDR), an X-Band transmitter and an optical receiver. The peak power consumption of OPS-SAT may exceed 30 watts during high power experiments. The S-Band transceiver consumes up to 10 watts during ground station passes and the so-called Satellite Experimental Processing Platform (SEPP), the heart of OPS-SAT experiments, consumes up to 8 watts constantly. This work provides an overview of the design and the thermal considerations on OPS-SAT and the results of the thermal vacuum (TVAC) test campaign. The results yield an average thermo-optical emissivity of 0.79 to 0.84 and the thermal power distribution on the spacecraft surface, and demonstrate the special case of the thermally isolated S-Band and X-Band patch antennas. Based on the derived results, predictions can be made about the thermal behaviour during various load cases and during periods with an active S-Band transmitter.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123525938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174119
U. Pešović, Sladjana M. Djurasevic, Vanja Luković, P. Planinsic
Wireless sensor networks most commonly operate in 2.4 GHz band using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless transmission between sensor nodes. This frequency band is also used by IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.1 networks which operate with higher transmitting powers and could cause significant inter-protocol interference, especially in highly urbanized areas. To improve coexistence in 2.4 GHz band, IEEE 802.15.4 networks must to be able to identify and evade these interferences. In this paper, we present practical implementation of interference classification algorithm based on the k-means clustering which could be used by low-cost commercially available IEEE 802.15.4 transceivers.
{"title":"Interference classification for IEEE 802.15.4 networks","authors":"U. Pešović, Sladjana M. Djurasevic, Vanja Luković, P. Planinsic","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174119","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks most commonly operate in 2.4 GHz band using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless transmission between sensor nodes. This frequency band is also used by IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.1 networks which operate with higher transmitting powers and could cause significant inter-protocol interference, especially in highly urbanized areas. To improve coexistence in 2.4 GHz band, IEEE 802.15.4 networks must to be able to identify and evade these interferences. In this paper, we present practical implementation of interference classification algorithm based on the k-means clustering which could be used by low-cost commercially available IEEE 802.15.4 transceivers.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130145742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174168
Vedran Jurdana, I. Volaric, V. Sucic
Observing a non-stationary signal with the time and frequency representation being mutually exclusive often does not provide enough information. Thus, the joint time-frequency distribution (TFD) is used as a convenient and powerful tool for analysis of such signals. Although TFD overcomes many signal representation limitations, it also introduces additional challenges. The removal of artefacts, also called the cross-terms, while maintaining a high concentration of the signal components (auto-terms) is the main problem of the time-frequency (TF) signal analysis. Among different approaches of solving this problem, in this paper we are investigating the advantages of the TFD sparsity, that is, the fact that the energy is accumulated around the instantaneous frequency law of the signal components. In this paper, we present a sparse TFD reconstruction algorithm based on the iterative shrinkage algorithm. The shrinkage is performed independently for each TFD time-and frequency-slice by taking advantage obtained from the short-term and the narrow-band Rényi entropy. Using the TFD concentration measure and reconstruction algorithm execution time, the obtained results have been compared to the state-of-the-art sparse reconstruction algorithms.
{"title":"The Local Rényi Entropy Based Shrinkage Algorithm for Sparse TFD Reconstruction","authors":"Vedran Jurdana, I. Volaric, V. Sucic","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174168","url":null,"abstract":"Observing a non-stationary signal with the time and frequency representation being mutually exclusive often does not provide enough information. Thus, the joint time-frequency distribution (TFD) is used as a convenient and powerful tool for analysis of such signals. Although TFD overcomes many signal representation limitations, it also introduces additional challenges. The removal of artefacts, also called the cross-terms, while maintaining a high concentration of the signal components (auto-terms) is the main problem of the time-frequency (TF) signal analysis. Among different approaches of solving this problem, in this paper we are investigating the advantages of the TFD sparsity, that is, the fact that the energy is accumulated around the instantaneous frequency law of the signal components. In this paper, we present a sparse TFD reconstruction algorithm based on the iterative shrinkage algorithm. The shrinkage is performed independently for each TFD time-and frequency-slice by taking advantage obtained from the short-term and the narrow-band Rényi entropy. Using the TFD concentration measure and reconstruction algorithm execution time, the obtained results have been compared to the state-of-the-art sparse reconstruction algorithms.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125134523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/cobcom49975.2020.9174178
{"title":"CoBCom 2020 Cover Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/cobcom49975.2020.9174178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cobcom49975.2020.9174178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130088249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174025
S. Hejduk, T. Stratil, J. Latal, Ales Vanderka, L. Hajek, J. Kolar
This article brings new possibilities of using luminaires of public lighting with the option of implementing an experimental modulator based on the OOK with Bias-Tee to increase functionality and possibility of using the public lighting network within intravilanes. In the article, the block diagrams of the OOK modulator for the transmitting part with Bias-Tee including the block diagram for the receiving part are introduced. Other parts of the article focus attention on verification of the functionality of the proposed concept with the aim of achieving signal transmission for road users through the luminaires of public lighting.
{"title":"Implementation of Experimental Modulator into the Luminaire of Public Lighting Based on the OOK Modulation with Bias-Tee","authors":"S. Hejduk, T. Stratil, J. Latal, Ales Vanderka, L. Hajek, J. Kolar","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174025","url":null,"abstract":"This article brings new possibilities of using luminaires of public lighting with the option of implementing an experimental modulator based on the OOK with Bias-Tee to increase functionality and possibility of using the public lighting network within intravilanes. In the article, the block diagrams of the OOK modulator for the transmitting part with Bias-Tee including the block diagram for the receiving part are introduced. Other parts of the article focus attention on verification of the functionality of the proposed concept with the aim of achieving signal transmission for road users through the luminaires of public lighting.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130135586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174187
B. Mesgari, H. Zimmermann
This paper investigates a compact, low noise differential in-phase (I) and quadrature signal (Q) generator. The proposed circuit utilizes a pair of mutual inductors to generate 90° phase shift which results in the same voltage gain for both I and Q paths. while it is in contrast with an RC-CR structure where the same gain for IQ paths cannot be achieved with a proper 90° phase shift simultaneously. The simulation results in a 130 nm SiGe-BiCMOS technology, indicate that a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.54 GHz around 28 GHz center frequency is achieved. Employing the proposed structure in a 1ow-IF receiver as part of the phase-shifting block has indicated a voltage gain of 30 dB for the desired signal while 40 dB rejection is provided at 22.275 GHz for the image signal. NF and S11 are less than 3.5 dB and -17dB, respectively, for the entire band of interest while the receiver consumes 8 mA from a 2V power supply. The phase error is less than 5° and the gain variation error is 0.3$sim$0.5 dB. The input IP3 for the rest of the receiver chain is about -27dBm.
{"title":"Low Noise IQ Generation Employed in an Active Vector Modulator for 5G Ka-Band Beam Forming Transceivers","authors":"B. Mesgari, H. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174187","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates a compact, low noise differential in-phase (I) and quadrature signal (Q) generator. The proposed circuit utilizes a pair of mutual inductors to generate 90° phase shift which results in the same voltage gain for both I and Q paths. while it is in contrast with an RC-CR structure where the same gain for IQ paths cannot be achieved with a proper 90° phase shift simultaneously. The simulation results in a 130 nm SiGe-BiCMOS technology, indicate that a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.54 GHz around 28 GHz center frequency is achieved. Employing the proposed structure in a 1ow-IF receiver as part of the phase-shifting block has indicated a voltage gain of 30 dB for the desired signal while 40 dB rejection is provided at 22.275 GHz for the image signal. NF and S11 are less than 3.5 dB and -17dB, respectively, for the entire band of interest while the receiver consumes 8 mA from a 2V power supply. The phase error is less than 5° and the gain variation error is 0.3$sim$0.5 dB. The input IP3 for the rest of the receiver chain is about -27dBm.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130343750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174103
R. Zeif, A. Hörmer, M. Kubicka, Maximilian Henkel, O. Koudelka
After the successful launch of the ESA OPS-SAT Nanosatellite in December 2019, the Institute of Communication Networks at Graz University of Technology (TUG) has started its work on a new second-generation Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceiver platform for the ESA PRETTY mission. The mission goal of PRETTY is the demonstration of the passive reflectometry concept with an SDR on a 3U Nanosatellite. The PRETTY satellite requires a powerful second-generation SDR receiver that extends the functionality and performance of the first-generation SDR used for OPS-SAT. There are many lessons learned about the first-generation SDR characteristics, the performance, ease of use and the strengths but also the weaknesses of the design during the OPS-SAT environmental and functional testing campaign. The second-generation SDR design considers the experiences from the first-generation SDR and implements several improvements for the thermal behavior, mechanical sustainability, device control and status monitoring in order to achieve higher overall performance and reliability. The second-generation SDR uses an AD9361 radio frequency (RF) frontend chip, that allows the signal reception with two independent receive channels and signal transmission with two independent transmit channels. In particular, the new transmit functionality of the second-generation SDR is a remarkable improvement compared to the first-generation SDR for OPSSAT, due to its full-duplex, bidirectional communication capabilities. Further improvements provide the possibility, to extend the design with RF mixer boards, to achieve the flexibility required for future applications on higher RF bands.
{"title":"From OPS-SAT to PRETTY Mission: A Second Generation Software Defined Radio Transceiver for Passive Reflectometry","authors":"R. Zeif, A. Hörmer, M. Kubicka, Maximilian Henkel, O. Koudelka","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174103","url":null,"abstract":"After the successful launch of the ESA OPS-SAT Nanosatellite in December 2019, the Institute of Communication Networks at Graz University of Technology (TUG) has started its work on a new second-generation Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceiver platform for the ESA PRETTY mission. The mission goal of PRETTY is the demonstration of the passive reflectometry concept with an SDR on a 3U Nanosatellite. The PRETTY satellite requires a powerful second-generation SDR receiver that extends the functionality and performance of the first-generation SDR used for OPS-SAT. There are many lessons learned about the first-generation SDR characteristics, the performance, ease of use and the strengths but also the weaknesses of the design during the OPS-SAT environmental and functional testing campaign. The second-generation SDR design considers the experiences from the first-generation SDR and implements several improvements for the thermal behavior, mechanical sustainability, device control and status monitoring in order to achieve higher overall performance and reliability. The second-generation SDR uses an AD9361 radio frequency (RF) frontend chip, that allows the signal reception with two independent receive channels and signal transmission with two independent transmit channels. In particular, the new transmit functionality of the second-generation SDR is a remarkable improvement compared to the first-generation SDR for OPSSAT, due to its full-duplex, bidirectional communication capabilities. Further improvements provide the possibility, to extend the design with RF mixer boards, to achieve the flexibility required for future applications on higher RF bands.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130766488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174152
Thomas Fischer, Dominic Pirker, Christian H. Lesjak, C. Steger
To enhance the security of devices in the Internet of Things, devices are augmented with Hardware Security Modules (HSMs). To connect HSMs to their hosting devices, serial interfaces, e.g. I2C, are used. On top of these interfaces, a protocol stack is utilized to establish a reliable communication channel. HSM vendors, such as Microchip, NXP, and Infineon, use protocols that differ in regard of provided features, complexity, and efficiency. These protocols are either complex to implement, or lack certain features. In the first case, this leads to significant system integration effort, in the latter, the HSM’s reliability and interchangeability suffers.In this paper, we perform an evaluation of state-of-the-art solutions, GlobalPlatform APDU Transfer over I2C, Microchip cryptoauthlib, and the Infineon I2C Protocol Stack. Based on this evaluation, we propose TinyI2C, a lightweight communication protocol stack. It is designed to allow simple implementations, while providing equivalent core features as state-of-the-art solutions, including reliability and packet fragmentation. Major design goals were to create a symmetric protocol, where code can be shared between both peers, which is not the case in state-of-the-art solutions. In addition, we add features, such as packet streaming support, to make the protocol suitable for Remote-Procedure-Call (RPC) based frameworks. Finally, we show a proof-of-concept and evaluate the achieved performance.
为了增强物联网中设备的安全性，需要对设备进行硬件安全模块(Hardware security Modules, hsm)增强。为了将hsm连接到它们的主机设备，使用串行接口，例如I2C。在这些接口之上，利用协议栈建立可靠的通信通道。HSM供应商，如Microchip、NXP和Infineon，在提供的特性、复杂性和效率方面使用不同的协议。这些协议要么实现起来很复杂，要么缺乏某些特性。在第一种情况下，这会导致大量的系统集成工作，在后一种情况下，HSM的可靠性和互换性受到影响。在本文中，我们对最先进的解决方案，GlobalPlatform APDU Transfer over I2C, Microchip cryptoauthlib和英飞凌I2C协议栈进行了评估。在此基础上，我们提出了轻量级通信协议栈TinyI2C。它的设计允许简单的实现，同时提供与最先进的解决方案相当的核心功能，包括可靠性和数据包碎片。主要的设计目标是创建一个对称协议，其中代码可以在对等体之间共享，这在最先进的解决方案中不是这样的。此外，我们还添加了一些特性，例如数据包流支持，以使该协议适合基于远程过程调用(RPC)的框架。最后，我们展示了一个概念验证并评估了实现的性能。
{"title":"TinyI2C - A Protocol Stack for connecting Hardware Security Modules to IoT Devices","authors":"Thomas Fischer, Dominic Pirker, Christian H. Lesjak, C. Steger","doi":"10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CoBCom49975.2020.9174152","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the security of devices in the Internet of Things, devices are augmented with Hardware Security Modules (HSMs). To connect HSMs to their hosting devices, serial interfaces, e.g. I2C, are used. On top of these interfaces, a protocol stack is utilized to establish a reliable communication channel. HSM vendors, such as Microchip, NXP, and Infineon, use protocols that differ in regard of provided features, complexity, and efficiency. These protocols are either complex to implement, or lack certain features. In the first case, this leads to significant system integration effort, in the latter, the HSM’s reliability and interchangeability suffers.In this paper, we perform an evaluation of state-of-the-art solutions, GlobalPlatform APDU Transfer over I2C, Microchip cryptoauthlib, and the Infineon I2C Protocol Stack. Based on this evaluation, we propose TinyI2C, a lightweight communication protocol stack. It is designed to allow simple implementations, while providing equivalent core features as state-of-the-art solutions, including reliability and packet fragmentation. Major design goals were to create a symmetric protocol, where code can be shared between both peers, which is not the case in state-of-the-art solutions. In addition, we add features, such as packet streaming support, to make the protocol suitable for Remote-Procedure-Call (RPC) based frameworks. Finally, we show a proof-of-concept and evaluate the achieved performance.","PeriodicalId":442802,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on Broadband Communications for Next Generation Networks and Multimedia Applications (CoBCom)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132133516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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