Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-175
Tatiana V. Kachkovskaia, Svetlana Zimina, Alena Portnova, D. Kocharov
In Russian, rise-fall tunes (H*L) are very typical in yes-no questions and non-utterance-final clauses. In standard descriptions of Russian intonation, the melodic maximum in this tune is located late in the stressed vowel. However, studies of modern Russian intonation, especially within the younger age group, report on cases of ”displaced” melodic peaks—shifted signifi-cantly to the right, so that the F0 maximum occurs on the post-stressed syllable. In this paper we analyse the frequency of such misplaced peaks in Russian dialogue speech, with respect to the factors of gender, age and social distance between the interlocutors. The research is based on the SibLing speech corpus: 90 dialogues with varying relationship between the interlocutors.
{"title":"Social variability of peak alignment in Russian rise-fall tunes","authors":"Tatiana V. Kachkovskaia, Svetlana Zimina, Alena Portnova, D. Kocharov","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-175","url":null,"abstract":"In Russian, rise-fall tunes (H*L) are very typical in yes-no questions and non-utterance-final clauses. In standard descriptions of Russian intonation, the melodic maximum in this tune is located late in the stressed vowel. However, studies of modern Russian intonation, especially within the younger age group, report on cases of ”displaced” melodic peaks—shifted signifi-cantly to the right, so that the F0 maximum occurs on the post-stressed syllable. In this paper we analyse the frequency of such misplaced peaks in Russian dialogue speech, with respect to the factors of gender, age and social distance between the interlocutors. The research is based on the SibLing speech corpus: 90 dialogues with varying relationship between the interlocutors.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127827689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-137
Yike Yang, Si Chen
The interaction between segment and prosody has been receiving increasing attention. While speakers of European languages are found to hyper-articulate their speech to maintain the distinction between the focused and unfocused portions, little is known about focus effects on vowels in Chinese languages. This study investigated the potential interaction between prosodic focus and vowels and tested whether the effects of focus function differently in Cantonese and Mandarin, two closely related Chinese languages. In a focus production experiment, the target vowels were analysed on the duration, formants and distances. The results showed that prosodic focus influenced the open vowel /a/ differently in Cantonese and Mandarin. Although focus increased the vowel duration in both languages, the on-focus vowels were lengthened to a greater extent in Cantonese. The effect of focus was minimal on the vowel formants, especially in Cantonese. For the Euclidean distances between the vowels under broad focus and those under the remaining focus types, no difference was found, but Cantonese and Mandarin diverged in the directions in which each focus type moved away from broad focus. These results suggest that, while speakers of both languages hyper-articulate on-focus vowels, there are more differences than similarities between the two languages.
{"title":"Does prosody influence segments differently in Cantonese and Mandarin? A case study of the open vowel /a/","authors":"Yike Yang, Si Chen","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-137","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between segment and prosody has been receiving increasing attention. While speakers of European languages are found to hyper-articulate their speech to maintain the distinction between the focused and unfocused portions, little is known about focus effects on vowels in Chinese languages. This study investigated the potential interaction between prosodic focus and vowels and tested whether the effects of focus function differently in Cantonese and Mandarin, two closely related Chinese languages. In a focus production experiment, the target vowels were analysed on the duration, formants and distances. The results showed that prosodic focus influenced the open vowel /a/ differently in Cantonese and Mandarin. Although focus increased the vowel duration in both languages, the on-focus vowels were lengthened to a greater extent in Cantonese. The effect of focus was minimal on the vowel formants, especially in Cantonese. For the Euclidean distances between the vowels under broad focus and those under the remaining focus types, no difference was found, but Cantonese and Mandarin diverged in the directions in which each focus type moved away from broad focus. These results suggest that, while speakers of both languages hyper-articulate on-focus vowels, there are more differences than similarities between the two languages.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122370500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-120
K. Mády, Beáta Gyuris, Hans-Martin Gärtner, Anna Kohári, Ádám Szalontai, U. Reichel
One important function of infant-directed speech (IDS) is to express positive emotions towards the baby. This has been shown based on prosodic parameters before, but parameters such as f0 and energy encode emotion expression only indirectly. In this study, we aim to access emotion expression (arousal and valence) in IDS directly, through labellers’ perception. Recordings were made in the first 18 months of the baby: in the age of 0, 4, 8 and 18 months. The sentences and the contexts were fixed. Our questions were the following: (1) Does emotion expression in IDS and adult-directed speech (ADS) differ in narratives when sentences and contexts do not vary? (2) Do the strength and polarity of emotions change over time in mothers’ speech up to 18 months of the baby? (3) Do observed differences pattern similarly in various types of speech acts? Both arousal and valence scores were higher in IDS. No changes in IDS were observed during the first 18 months. Requests received higher arousal and valence scores than exclamations, but in IDS, they only differed by valence. This means that these speech acts are only held apart consistently by valence in the two registers, not by arousal.
{"title":"Perceived emotions in infant-directed narrative across time and speech acts","authors":"K. Mády, Beáta Gyuris, Hans-Martin Gärtner, Anna Kohári, Ádám Szalontai, U. Reichel","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-120","url":null,"abstract":"One important function of infant-directed speech (IDS) is to express positive emotions towards the baby. This has been shown based on prosodic parameters before, but parameters such as f0 and energy encode emotion expression only indirectly. In this study, we aim to access emotion expression (arousal and valence) in IDS directly, through labellers’ perception. Recordings were made in the first 18 months of the baby: in the age of 0, 4, 8 and 18 months. The sentences and the contexts were fixed. Our questions were the following: (1) Does emotion expression in IDS and adult-directed speech (ADS) differ in narratives when sentences and contexts do not vary? (2) Do the strength and polarity of emotions change over time in mothers’ speech up to 18 months of the baby? (3) Do observed differences pattern similarly in various types of speech acts? Both arousal and valence scores were higher in IDS. No changes in IDS were observed during the first 18 months. Requests received higher arousal and valence scores than exclamations, but in IDS, they only differed by valence. This means that these speech acts are only held apart consistently by valence in the two registers, not by arousal.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132648664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-29
Claudia Crocco, B. Fivela, Mariapaola D’Imperio
The paper provides a preliminary, qualitative examination of the prosody of Neapolitan dialect (ND) as it relates to Neapolitan Italian variety (NI). Taking NI as baseline for comparison, ND data seem characterized by several phonetic-phonological strategies to enhance prosodic prominence, suggesting that phonetic parameters have a larger and more dynamic range of variation in ND than in NI. The data also highlight the interlacement between rhythmic, metric, and intonational facts, and the importance of sociolinguistic factors in shaping prosody. In particular, the larger variability of phonetic parameters observed in ND is likely to index dialectal speech as socially marked. We identify several prosodic discrepancies between ND and NI involving gradient features and tonal organization that call for further investigation. Future studies need to examine such differences in relation to sociolinguistic factors and consider the range of prosodic variation between Italian varieties and dialects spontaneously used by less linguistically-informed speaker. To strongly support our proposal, a larger sample of speakers is required.
{"title":"Comparing prosody of Italian varieties and dialects: data from Neapolitan","authors":"Claudia Crocco, B. Fivela, Mariapaola D’Imperio","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-29","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides a preliminary, qualitative examination of the prosody of Neapolitan dialect (ND) as it relates to Neapolitan Italian variety (NI). Taking NI as baseline for comparison, ND data seem characterized by several phonetic-phonological strategies to enhance prosodic prominence, suggesting that phonetic parameters have a larger and more dynamic range of variation in ND than in NI. The data also highlight the interlacement between rhythmic, metric, and intonational facts, and the importance of sociolinguistic factors in shaping prosody. In particular, the larger variability of phonetic parameters observed in ND is likely to index dialectal speech as socially marked. We identify several prosodic discrepancies between ND and NI involving gradient features and tonal organization that call for further investigation. Future studies need to examine such differences in relation to sociolinguistic factors and consider the range of prosodic variation between Italian varieties and dialects spontaneously used by less linguistically-informed speaker. To strongly support our proposal, a larger sample of speakers is required.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133674422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-30
Jiyoung Jang, A. Katsika
Boundary tones mark major phrase boundaries and are expected to be coordinated with speech gestures adjacent to boundaries. Research on Greek has indeed shown that the onset of the boundary tone (BT) gestures co-occurs with the gestural target of the phrase-final vowel. Interestingly, this coordination is modulated by lexical stress even in the absence of phrasal pitch accent. The present electromagnetic articulography study examines the coordination between BT and constriction gestures in Seoul Korean, a language with no lexical prosody and an edge-prominence system, and further investigates whether focus-related prominence affects this coordination. To this end, the distance of the prominent linguistic unit to the boundary is manipulated in a variety of ways. Results indicate that the onset of BT gestures in Korean is most proximate to the peak velocity of the phrase-final vowel gesture, but suggest that a c-center account is also viable. Prominence fine-tunes this coordination: BT gestures are initiated earlier in Intonational Phrases (IPs) with non-final focus as opposed to IPs with final focus. Importantly, this pattern is detected in short IP-final Accentual Phrases (APs), but not in relatively long IP-final APs. Based on these results, implications on the relationships between lexical and phrasal levels are discussed.
{"title":"The coordination of boundary tones with constriction gestures in Seoul Korean, an edge-prominence language","authors":"Jiyoung Jang, A. Katsika","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-30","url":null,"abstract":"Boundary tones mark major phrase boundaries and are expected to be coordinated with speech gestures adjacent to boundaries. Research on Greek has indeed shown that the onset of the boundary tone (BT) gestures co-occurs with the gestural target of the phrase-final vowel. Interestingly, this coordination is modulated by lexical stress even in the absence of phrasal pitch accent. The present electromagnetic articulography study examines the coordination between BT and constriction gestures in Seoul Korean, a language with no lexical prosody and an edge-prominence system, and further investigates whether focus-related prominence affects this coordination. To this end, the distance of the prominent linguistic unit to the boundary is manipulated in a variety of ways. Results indicate that the onset of BT gestures in Korean is most proximate to the peak velocity of the phrase-final vowel gesture, but suggest that a c-center account is also viable. Prominence fine-tunes this coordination: BT gestures are initiated earlier in Intonational Phrases (IPs) with non-final focus as opposed to IPs with final focus. Importantly, this pattern is detected in short IP-final Accentual Phrases (APs), but not in relatively long IP-final APs. Based on these results, implications on the relationships between lexical and phrasal levels are discussed.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131700483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-130
Marisa Cruz, Jovana Pejovic, C. Severino, Marina Vigário, Sónia Frota
Language includes auditory and visual cues relevant to language learning, and infants have been shown to take advantage of those cues while processing speech. With COVID-19 the use of face masks became pervasive, affecting the auditory and visual cues available to the listener, especially the young language learner. This study examined how acoustic and visual cues (head and eyebrow movements) changed in infant-directed masked-speech (FMS), using a corpus from a word segmentation task [1]. The corpus included utterances with target pseudo-words in (non-prominent) medial position and prosodic-edge position. Video recordings of 96 utterances produced by a female speaker with and without a N95 mask were obtained. We measured mean pitch, pitch range, mean intensity, intensity range, and RMS, as well as vertical displacement of the head and eyebrows. FMS had lower intensity overall. Vertical head displacement was larger in FMS, whereas eyebrow displacement was smaller. Unlike with no mask, in FMS there was no contrast in mean pitch, mean intensity and RMS, or in degree of head displacement, between utterances with target words in medial and edge position. These findings suggest both a general and selective effect of face masks in auditory and visual cues, with implications for language development.
{"title":"Auditory and visual cues in face-masked infant-directed speech","authors":"Marisa Cruz, Jovana Pejovic, C. Severino, Marina Vigário, Sónia Frota","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-130","url":null,"abstract":"Language includes auditory and visual cues relevant to language learning, and infants have been shown to take advantage of those cues while processing speech. With COVID-19 the use of face masks became pervasive, affecting the auditory and visual cues available to the listener, especially the young language learner. This study examined how acoustic and visual cues (head and eyebrow movements) changed in infant-directed masked-speech (FMS), using a corpus from a word segmentation task [1]. The corpus included utterances with target pseudo-words in (non-prominent) medial position and prosodic-edge position. Video recordings of 96 utterances produced by a female speaker with and without a N95 mask were obtained. We measured mean pitch, pitch range, mean intensity, intensity range, and RMS, as well as vertical displacement of the head and eyebrows. FMS had lower intensity overall. Vertical head displacement was larger in FMS, whereas eyebrow displacement was smaller. Unlike with no mask, in FMS there was no contrast in mean pitch, mean intensity and RMS, or in degree of head displacement, between utterances with target words in medial and edge position. These findings suggest both a general and selective effect of face masks in auditory and visual cues, with implications for language development.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131967071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-23
Kiwako Ito, Elizabeth M. Kryszak, Teresa Ibañez
Prosodic emphasis affects referential processing in children, yet its effects on non-immediate discourse representation is not well understood. Using a collaborative object search task, we elicited responses to the actor’s speech, as well as to later joint-attention cues from toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Children with ASD responded to “ Where is X ?” (with or without an emphasis on X) more slowly and weakly as compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. Although this seems to reinforce the view that children with ASD are insensitive to prosodic emphasis, their responses to the joint-attention cues revealed otherwise hidden effects of emphasis on referential representation. During the sequential joint-attention cues (head-turn, pointing and reaching), children with ASD shifted their gazes from the actor’s face to the object more swiftly when the object was previously mentioned with emphasis than without. Interestingly, the timing of the gaze shift was also much earlier than TD children. Taken together, the present data suggest that although young children with ASD may not be able to process the prosodic emphasis rapidly, they are sensitive to the prominence and make use of it to represent referential salience, which can facilitate the communication later in the discourse.
{"title":"Effect of Prosodic Emphasis on the Processing of Joint-Attention Cues in Children with ASD","authors":"Kiwako Ito, Elizabeth M. Kryszak, Teresa Ibañez","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-23","url":null,"abstract":"Prosodic emphasis affects referential processing in children, yet its effects on non-immediate discourse representation is not well understood. Using a collaborative object search task, we elicited responses to the actor’s speech, as well as to later joint-attention cues from toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Children with ASD responded to “ Where is X ?” (with or without an emphasis on X) more slowly and weakly as compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. Although this seems to reinforce the view that children with ASD are insensitive to prosodic emphasis, their responses to the joint-attention cues revealed otherwise hidden effects of emphasis on referential representation. During the sequential joint-attention cues (head-turn, pointing and reaching), children with ASD shifted their gazes from the actor’s face to the object more swiftly when the object was previously mentioned with emphasis than without. Interestingly, the timing of the gaze shift was also much earlier than TD children. Taken together, the present data suggest that although young children with ASD may not be able to process the prosodic emphasis rapidly, they are sensitive to the prominence and make use of it to represent referential salience, which can facilitate the communication later in the discourse.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133350437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-47
Irene De la Cruz-Pavía
From early in development infants integrate auditory and visual facial information while processing language. The potential role of visual cues in the acquisition of grammar remains however virtually unexplored. Phrasal prosodic prominence correlates systematically with basic word order in natural languages. Co-verbal gestures—head and eyebrow motion—act in turn as markers of auditory prosody. Here, we examine whether co-verbal gestures could help infants parse the input into prosodic units such as phrases, and discover the basic word order of the native language. In a first study we show that adult talkers spontaneously produce co-verbal gestures signaling phrase boundaries across languages and speech styles: Japanese and English, adult- and infant-directed speech. A second study shows that adult speakers use co-verbal information, specifically head nods marking phrasal prosodic prominence, to parse an artificial language into phrase-like units that follow the native language’s word order. Finally, a third study shows that the presence of co-verbal gestures—i.e. head nods—also impacts 8-month-old infants’ segmentation preferences of a structurally ambiguous artificial language. However, infants’ ability to use this cue is still limited, suggesting that co-verbal gestures might be acquired later in development than visual speech, presumably due to their greater inter-/intra-speaker variability.
{"title":"The role of audio-visual phrasal prosody in bootstrapping the acquisition of word order","authors":"Irene De la Cruz-Pavía","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-47","url":null,"abstract":"From early in development infants integrate auditory and visual facial information while processing language. The potential role of visual cues in the acquisition of grammar remains however virtually unexplored. Phrasal prosodic prominence correlates systematically with basic word order in natural languages. Co-verbal gestures—head and eyebrow motion—act in turn as markers of auditory prosody. Here, we examine whether co-verbal gestures could help infants parse the input into prosodic units such as phrases, and discover the basic word order of the native language. In a first study we show that adult talkers spontaneously produce co-verbal gestures signaling phrase boundaries across languages and speech styles: Japanese and English, adult- and infant-directed speech. A second study shows that adult speakers use co-verbal information, specifically head nods marking phrasal prosodic prominence, to parse an artificial language into phrase-like units that follow the native language’s word order. Finally, a third study shows that the presence of co-verbal gestures—i.e. head nods—also impacts 8-month-old infants’ segmentation preferences of a structurally ambiguous artificial language. However, infants’ ability to use this cue is still limited, suggesting that co-verbal gestures might be acquired later in development than visual speech, presumably due to their greater inter-/intra-speaker variability.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124317281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-9
Heike Lehnert-LeHouillier, Steven Snadoval
Research on prosodic entrainment has shown correlations between the degree of prosodic entrainment and several dimensions of conversational success. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often encounter difficulties with a variety of skills necessary for conversational success, especially with the social dimensions of conversational behavior. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether children and teens with an autism diagnosis show similar correlations between prosodic entrainment in mean fundamental frequency ( f0 ) on the one hand and conversational effectiveness, duration of conversations, and conversational turn-taking behavior on the other hand when compared to their neurotypical peers.We found significant interaction effects by group between mean f0 entrainment and all three conversational measures. However, we found no significant differences in group means in the three investigated conversational measures of conversational effectiveness, the number of conversational turns, and duration of conversations for speakers in each group. These results suggest that even though speakers with ASD may show surface conversational behaviors similar to their neurotypical peers, the prosodic manifestation of conversational speech clearly marks conversation partners with ASD as different from their age and gender matched peers.
{"title":"Conversational Correlates of Prosodic Entrainment in Youth with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Heike Lehnert-LeHouillier, Steven Snadoval","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-9","url":null,"abstract":"Research on prosodic entrainment has shown correlations between the degree of prosodic entrainment and several dimensions of conversational success. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often encounter difficulties with a variety of skills necessary for conversational success, especially with the social dimensions of conversational behavior. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether children and teens with an autism diagnosis show similar correlations between prosodic entrainment in mean fundamental frequency ( f0 ) on the one hand and conversational effectiveness, duration of conversations, and conversational turn-taking behavior on the other hand when compared to their neurotypical peers.We found significant interaction effects by group between mean f0 entrainment and all three conversational measures. However, we found no significant differences in group means in the three investigated conversational measures of conversational effectiveness, the number of conversational turns, and duration of conversations for speakers in each group. These results suggest that even though speakers with ASD may show surface conversational behaviors similar to their neurotypical peers, the prosodic manifestation of conversational speech clearly marks conversation partners with ASD as different from their age and gender matched peers.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113966107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.21437/speechprosody.2022-155
B. Andreeva, S. Dimitrova
The present study investigates L2 prosodic realizations in the readings of two groups of Bulgarian informants: (a) with L2 German, and (b) with L2 English. Each of the two groups consisted of ten female learners, who read the fable “The North Wind and the Sun” in their L1 and in the respective L2. We also recorded two groups of female native speakers of the target languages as controls. The following durational parameters were obtained: mean accented syllable duration, accented vs. unaccented syllable duration ratio, and speaking rate. With respect to F0 parameters, mean, median, minimum, maximum, span in semitones, and standard deviations per IP were measured. Additionally, we calculated the number of accented and unaccented syllables, IPs and pauses in each reading. Statistical analyses show that the two groups differ in their use of F0. Both groups use higher standard deviation and level in their L2, whereas the ‘German group’ use higher pitch span as well. The number of accented syllables, IPs and pauses is also higher in L2. Regarding duration, both groups use slower articulation rate. The ratio between accented and unaccented syllables is lower in L2 for the ‘English group’. We also provide original data on speaking rate in Bulgarian from an information theoretical perspective.
{"title":"The influence of L1 prosody on Bulgarian-accented German and English","authors":"B. Andreeva, S. Dimitrova","doi":"10.21437/speechprosody.2022-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-155","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates L2 prosodic realizations in the readings of two groups of Bulgarian informants: (a) with L2 German, and (b) with L2 English. Each of the two groups consisted of ten female learners, who read the fable “The North Wind and the Sun” in their L1 and in the respective L2. We also recorded two groups of female native speakers of the target languages as controls. The following durational parameters were obtained: mean accented syllable duration, accented vs. unaccented syllable duration ratio, and speaking rate. With respect to F0 parameters, mean, median, minimum, maximum, span in semitones, and standard deviations per IP were measured. Additionally, we calculated the number of accented and unaccented syllables, IPs and pauses in each reading. Statistical analyses show that the two groups differ in their use of F0. Both groups use higher standard deviation and level in their L2, whereas the ‘German group’ use higher pitch span as well. The number of accented syllables, IPs and pauses is also higher in L2. Regarding duration, both groups use slower articulation rate. The ratio between accented and unaccented syllables is lower in L2 for the ‘English group’. We also provide original data on speaking rate in Bulgarian from an information theoretical perspective.","PeriodicalId":442842,"journal":{"name":"Speech Prosody 2022","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122543067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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