Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic commenced at the end of 2019 and continues into 2022. Throughout the world, countries have seen spikes of an increased number of cases followed by a period of decrease, a phenomenon now referred to as “waves.” Recommendations for management of this infection have changed, guided by new experiences, an ever-increasing plethora of medical publications, and rapid developments in vaccines and therapeutics. Some treatments are recommended only in the outpatient setting, while others are indicated for patients admitted to the hospital, creating mutually exclusive “enclaves” for patients to receive recommended therapies. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast medication use, as well as outcomes between the first two waves of COVID-19 infection. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 infection at a community hospital in Massachusetts, USA. Consecutive adult patients admitted to the hospital with consultation by the authors were included. The first wave extended from March 2020 to June 2020, the second wave was from October 2020 to January 2021. Patient demographics, medications used, and outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical records. Results: Of the 238 patients evaluated, 109 (45.7%) were admitted in the first wave and 129 (54.2%) were admitted in the second wave. A large number of patients received hydroxychloroquine (50%), azithromycin (17%) and tocilizumab (22%) in the first wave, but none of these medications were used during the second wave. Remdesivir was used in 15% patients in the first wave. No patient in the first wave received corticosteroid therapy. In contrast, the majority of patients in the second wave received corticosteroids (70%) and remdesivir (63%). There were marked differences in overall mortality (25% v/s 6%), admission to intensive care unit (48% v/s 8%), and use of mechanical ventilation (31% v/s 5%) between the first and second waves respectively. Monoclonal antibody therapy was not available for use in hospitalized patients. Conclusions: There were remarkable differences in medications used, need for intensive care admission and need for mechanical ventilation for patients with COVID-19 infection between the first two waves of this pandemic. There was an improvement in outcomes in terms of overall mortality, need of intensive care unit admission, and need for mechanical ventilation during the second wave compared to the first. Further research is needed to determine whether the improved outcomes are a reflection exclusively of better therapeutics or a combination of therapeutics and other early interventions and the role of the COVID-19 variant (beta) in second wave compared to the original wild-type virus in both waves.
{"title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Waves, Treatment Enclaves and Changes in Management","authors":"A. Rapose, R. Davaro","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1295","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic commenced at the end of 2019 and continues into 2022. Throughout the world, countries have seen spikes of an increased number of cases followed by a period of decrease, a phenomenon now referred to as “waves.” Recommendations for management of this infection have changed, guided by new experiences, an ever-increasing plethora of medical publications, and rapid developments in vaccines and therapeutics. Some treatments are recommended only in the outpatient setting, while others are indicated for patients admitted to the hospital, creating mutually exclusive “enclaves” for patients to receive recommended therapies. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast medication use, as well as outcomes between the first two waves of COVID-19 infection. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 infection at a community hospital in Massachusetts, USA. Consecutive adult patients admitted to the hospital with consultation by the authors were included. The first wave extended from March 2020 to June 2020, the second wave was from October 2020 to January 2021. Patient demographics, medications used, and outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical records. Results: Of the 238 patients evaluated, 109 (45.7%) were admitted in the first wave and 129 (54.2%) were admitted in the second wave. A large number of patients received hydroxychloroquine (50%), azithromycin (17%) and tocilizumab (22%) in the first wave, but none of these medications were used during the second wave. Remdesivir was used in 15% patients in the first wave. No patient in the first wave received corticosteroid therapy. In contrast, the majority of patients in the second wave received corticosteroids (70%) and remdesivir (63%). There were marked differences in overall mortality (25% v/s 6%), admission to intensive care unit (48% v/s 8%), and use of mechanical ventilation (31% v/s 5%) between the first and second waves respectively. Monoclonal antibody therapy was not available for use in hospitalized patients. Conclusions: There were remarkable differences in medications used, need for intensive care admission and need for mechanical ventilation for patients with COVID-19 infection between the first two waves of this pandemic. There was an improvement in outcomes in terms of overall mortality, need of intensive care unit admission, and need for mechanical ventilation during the second wave compared to the first. Further research is needed to determine whether the improved outcomes are a reflection exclusively of better therapeutics or a combination of therapeutics and other early interventions and the role of the COVID-19 variant (beta) in second wave compared to the original wild-type virus in both waves.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124360519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents a case of a Cambodian person with physical disabilities who was able to attain social participation through the practice of rehabilitation and education. This case will be considered a valuable case model to develop an understanding of the practice of rehabilitation and education and its necessity for people with disabilities; a belief not yet widespread in Cambodia. The rehabilitation and educational method developed in Japan called Dohsa-hou (translated to “movement therapy”) was implemented for a client who had been confined to his home due to a disability in his limbs. Dohsa-hou’s primary goal is to improve the client's physical movements and to develop the client's ability to control their movements. Through this method, the client in this case improved his standing and walking movements and developed positive communication skills with others. As a result of the growth and improvement, the client was able to obtain a job in the community and earn a living.
{"title":"The Case of a Cambodian man with Disabilities who Received Rehabilitative Education Support (Dohsa-hou) and Realized Social Participation","authors":"Shinnosuke Harada, Yumiko Yokogi, Anna Ueda, Toshiaki Ohishi, Sumire Sato, Hiroshi Miyawaki","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1294","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a case of a Cambodian person with physical disabilities who was able to attain social participation through the practice of rehabilitation and education. This case will be considered a valuable case model to develop an understanding of the practice of rehabilitation and education and its necessity for people with disabilities; a belief not yet widespread in Cambodia. The rehabilitation and educational method developed in Japan called Dohsa-hou (translated to “movement therapy”) was implemented for a client who had been confined to his home due to a disability in his limbs. Dohsa-hou’s primary goal is to improve the client's physical movements and to develop the client's ability to control their movements. Through this method, the client in this case improved his standing and walking movements and developed positive communication skills with others. As a result of the growth and improvement, the client was able to obtain a job in the community and earn a living.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123804227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alarab, Ratib Abu Shameh, Aseel Hajahja, Mohammed Himoni, Aseel Manasra, Suhaib Al Natsha, Muntaser S. Ahmad
Objective: The current study aimed to examine effect of ESWT vs. MWM in the management of tennis elbow. Methods: The study was conducted in the physiotherapy department at PAU. Sample of the study consisted of 22 patients aged between 20-50 years. Patients were selected in the orthopedic clinic and randomly separated into 2 groups. The ESWT group included (12) patients, whereas the MWM group included (10) patients. The first group underwent 3 sessions/week and the latter underwent 2 sessions/week for 4 weeks. The demographic data were assessed. VAS was used for pain intensity. A hand-held dynamometer was used for wrist strength and Quick DASH was used for a functional disability. Results: Inter-group analysis was done using t-test. Comparing pre-post treatments using VAS disclosed that there were not significant differences between groups, P= 0.25. Pre-post treatment for wrist strength uncovered that there wasn't a significant difference between groups, P= 0.47. Pre-post QUICK DASH scores, P=0.35. Therefore, there wasn't a statistically significant difference between groups with functional disabilities. Conclusion: The study found that ESWT and MWM were effective in all outcome measures.
{"title":"Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis with Physiotherapy during a Clinical Trial: Comparison of Mobilization Technique and Shock Wave","authors":"A. Alarab, Ratib Abu Shameh, Aseel Hajahja, Mohammed Himoni, Aseel Manasra, Suhaib Al Natsha, Muntaser S. Ahmad","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1293","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study aimed to examine effect of ESWT vs. MWM in the management of tennis elbow. Methods: The study was conducted in the physiotherapy department at PAU. Sample of the study consisted of 22 patients aged between 20-50 years. Patients were selected in the orthopedic clinic and randomly separated into 2 groups. The ESWT group included (12) patients, whereas the MWM group included (10) patients. The first group underwent 3 sessions/week and the latter underwent 2 sessions/week for 4 weeks. The demographic data were assessed. VAS was used for pain intensity. A hand-held dynamometer was used for wrist strength and Quick DASH was used for a functional disability. Results: Inter-group analysis was done using t-test. Comparing pre-post treatments using VAS disclosed that there were not significant differences between groups, P= 0.25. Pre-post treatment for wrist strength uncovered that there wasn't a significant difference between groups, P= 0.47. Pre-post QUICK DASH scores, P=0.35. Therefore, there wasn't a statistically significant difference between groups with functional disabilities. Conclusion: The study found that ESWT and MWM were effective in all outcome measures.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"103 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126119140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Calf muscle tearing is one of the most sudden pain that affects the calf, foot, or thigh area. It can be diagnosed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and treated through physiotherapy interventions. The aim of the current study is to evaluate and assess the efficiency of physiotherapy interventions using Myofascial release and Stretching exercises in calf muscle treatment, and verification this effectiveness by traditional physiotherapy measurement tools and MRI. Methods: The study included 30 patients with at least one degree tearing of the calf muscles. All patients were undergoing leg MRI imaging using a 1.5 Tesla MRI. The Visual analogue scales (VAS) and Functional disability scale for ankle (FADI) were assessed before the patients were offered therapies. Then the patients were randomly distributed into two groups: the first group was 15 patients who were given Myofascial release treatment, while the second group was 15 patients who were given treatment using Stretching exercises. After treatment, the efficacy of treatment was checked for patients by different tools: VAS, FADI, and MR imaging. Patients' outcomes before and after treatment were compared. Results: The results showed that both Myofascial release and Stretching exercises had the same effect on patients. Comparison between pre- and post-score within groups for VAS, FADI, and MRI findings. Whereas, all P value values were less than 0.05 for all samples. When comparing the techniques presented for treatment between the two groups, the results showed that there were no differences between the two techniques in each of the VAS, FADI, and MRI findings, where the P-values post-treatment were 0.644, 0.112, and 0.831, respectively. Conclusion: Myofascial release and Stretching exercises can be used to treat calf muscle tears in the sub-acute stages.
{"title":"Ability of MRI Diagnostic Value to Detect the Evidence of Physiotherapy Outcome Measurements in Dealing with Calf Muscles Tearing","authors":"Muntaser S. Ahmad, Azzam Arab","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1292","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Calf muscle tearing is one of the most sudden pain that affects the calf, foot, or thigh area. It can be diagnosed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and treated through physiotherapy interventions. The aim of the current study is to evaluate and assess the efficiency of physiotherapy interventions using Myofascial release and Stretching exercises in calf muscle treatment, and verification this effectiveness by traditional physiotherapy measurement tools and MRI. Methods: The study included 30 patients with at least one degree tearing of the calf muscles. All patients were undergoing leg MRI imaging using a 1.5 Tesla MRI. The Visual analogue scales (VAS) and Functional disability scale for ankle (FADI) were assessed before the patients were offered therapies. Then the patients were randomly distributed into two groups: the first group was 15 patients who were given Myofascial release treatment, while the second group was 15 patients who were given treatment using Stretching exercises. After treatment, the efficacy of treatment was checked for patients by different tools: VAS, FADI, and MR imaging. Patients' outcomes before and after treatment were compared. Results: The results showed that both Myofascial release and Stretching exercises had the same effect on patients. Comparison between pre- and post-score within groups for VAS, FADI, and MRI findings. Whereas, all P value values were less than 0.05 for all samples. When comparing the techniques presented for treatment between the two groups, the results showed that there were no differences between the two techniques in each of the VAS, FADI, and MRI findings, where the P-values post-treatment were 0.644, 0.112, and 0.831, respectively. Conclusion: Myofascial release and Stretching exercises can be used to treat calf muscle tears in the sub-acute stages.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134068687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adolescent pregnancy is an overlapping situation during the normal development period for individuals and families, potentially causing impact and crisis as adolescents are not prepared both physically and psychosocially. The impacts could be more severe if the family does not accept the situation, rendering their functions incomplete or flawed, particularly in terms of caring, coping, socialization, and behavioral control in the hope to promote normal health and parenthood for pregnant adolescents. However, previous studies and most healthcare services emphasized evaluation primarily on the physical and mental health of pregnant adolescents, with limited focus on family functions. This three-case study thus endeavored to grasp family functions among families with adolescent pregnancy; by evaluating the health conditions of families with adolescent pregnancy both intentional and unintentional pregnancy. The content analysis revealed family emphasized the provision of financial support, conducted limited expression of love and care, and found no direct socialization on good parenting, inappropriate coping methods, and health issues among pregnant adolescents and families. Therefore, nurses and health personnel should create effective interventions to support and promote family health as a whole system; during adolescent pregnancy, postpartum care, raising their children, including strengthening new family.
{"title":"Family Functions during Adolescent Pregnancy: Cases Study","authors":"Banchamaporn Sirikhun, Saovakon Virasiri","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1291","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent pregnancy is an overlapping situation during the normal development period for individuals and families, potentially causing impact and crisis as adolescents are not prepared both physically and psychosocially. The impacts could be more severe if the family does not accept the situation, rendering their functions incomplete or flawed, particularly in terms of caring, coping, socialization, and behavioral control in the hope to promote normal health and parenthood for pregnant adolescents. However, previous studies and most healthcare services emphasized evaluation primarily on the physical and mental health of pregnant adolescents, with limited focus on family functions. This three-case study thus endeavored to grasp family functions among families with adolescent pregnancy; by evaluating the health conditions of families with adolescent pregnancy both intentional and unintentional pregnancy. The content analysis revealed family emphasized the provision of financial support, conducted limited expression of love and care, and found no direct socialization on good parenting, inappropriate coping methods, and health issues among pregnant adolescents and families. Therefore, nurses and health personnel should create effective interventions to support and promote family health as a whole system; during adolescent pregnancy, postpartum care, raising their children, including strengthening new family.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130244654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: For many elderly patients who sustain a pubic rami fracture after a fall, the traditional treatment of extended bed rest and restricted mobility is often not practical. A classification for pubic rami fractures has been developed to recommend treatment. There is a technique to augment the biologic fracture environment using Calcium Phosphate through a minimally invasive procedure. In this study FFP Type Ia fractures were treated using Calcium phosphate. Methods: Our study, from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019, identified eighty-eight patients with FFP Type Ia fractures, who were treated with Calcium Phosphate. There were 9 males and 79 females, average ages were 78 and 86 respectively. Admission workup included pelvic x-rays as well as a CT scan. All received Calcium Phosphate for fracture fixation. They were followed in the outpatient clinic with pelvic radiographs at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months. 9 months and 1 year. Evidence of incorporation of the Calcium Phosphate in the fracture healing were documented. Results: There were no infections, no vascular, and no urological complications with this technique. All treated fractures went on to heal. Incorporation of the Calcium Phosphate was noted as early as 12 weeks. Residual presence of Calcium Phosphate was seen at 1 year and was consistent with the research literature. Conclusion: This new method of minimally invasive internal fixation using a bone biologic enhancement material provides an immediate improvement of post injury pain and an increase in immediate post treatment mobility. This treatment is applicable for all pelvic fragility fractures, including Type Ia who present with comminution. Risks with this treatment are low and benefits to the patient are high.
{"title":"Emerging Options Using Osteobiologics Treatment for FFP Type IA Comminuted Stable Fragility Fractures Involving the Pubic Rami","authors":"James M. Ray","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: For many elderly patients who sustain a pubic rami fracture after a fall, the traditional treatment of extended bed rest and restricted mobility is often not practical. A classification for pubic rami fractures has been developed to recommend treatment. There is a technique to augment the biologic fracture environment using Calcium Phosphate through a minimally invasive procedure. In this study FFP Type Ia fractures were treated using Calcium phosphate. Methods: Our study, from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019, identified eighty-eight patients with FFP Type Ia fractures, who were treated with Calcium Phosphate. There were 9 males and 79 females, average ages were 78 and 86 respectively. Admission workup included pelvic x-rays as well as a CT scan. All received Calcium Phosphate for fracture fixation. They were followed in the outpatient clinic with pelvic radiographs at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months. 9 months and 1 year. Evidence of incorporation of the Calcium Phosphate in the fracture healing were documented. Results: There were no infections, no vascular, and no urological complications with this technique. All treated fractures went on to heal. Incorporation of the Calcium Phosphate was noted as early as 12 weeks. Residual presence of Calcium Phosphate was seen at 1 year and was consistent with the research literature. Conclusion: This new method of minimally invasive internal fixation using a bone biologic enhancement material provides an immediate improvement of post injury pain and an increase in immediate post treatment mobility. This treatment is applicable for all pelvic fragility fractures, including Type Ia who present with comminution. Risks with this treatment are low and benefits to the patient are high.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129999586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To determine the number of published papers per faculty member and percent of faculty with published papers during the FY 21 academic year at an allopathic medical school stratified by department, academic rank, sex, and academic track. Methods: Published papers from 449 tenure track faculty (351 males, 98 females) and 721 clinical track faculty (364 males, 357 females) were analyzed. Findings: 71.0% of tenure track faculty (69.5% of males, 76.5% of females) and 32.3% of clinical track faculty (39.3% of males, 25.2% of females) published a first/last author paper, and 88.6% of tenure track faculty (88.6% of males, 88.8% of females) vs 54.9% of clinical track faculty (60.7% of males, 49.0% of females) published an authored paper. The percentage of faculty publishing at least one first/last author paper stratified by academic rank was 59.4%, 45.8%, and 37.9% for Professor (61.8% of males, 52.5% of females), Associate Professor (51.0% of males, 37.3% of females), and Assistant Professor (47.3% of males, 28.7% of females), respectively. For tenure track faculty, the median number of published first/last author papers and total number of papers by sex was 1 and 4 for males, while it was 1.5 and 4 for females. For clinical track faculty, the median number of published first/last author papers and total number of papers by sex was 0 and 1 for males, and 0 and 0 for females. The three departments with the highest percentage of faculty with published papers were Urology, Neurosurgery, and Microbiology/Immunology. Conclusions: Tenure track faculty published more papers than clinical track faculty both in terms of quantity and in terms of percentage of faculty with authored papers. A greater percentage of male faculty published papers than female faculty in the clinical track but not the tenure track. Likewise, a greater percentage of faculty at higher academic ranks published papers.
{"title":"Faculty Scholarship at an Academic Health System","authors":"J. Jackson, L. Wendt","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1288","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the number of published papers per faculty member and percent of faculty with published papers during the FY 21 academic year at an allopathic medical school stratified by department, academic rank, sex, and academic track. Methods: Published papers from 449 tenure track faculty (351 males, 98 females) and 721 clinical track faculty (364 males, 357 females) were analyzed. Findings: 71.0% of tenure track faculty (69.5% of males, 76.5% of females) and 32.3% of clinical track faculty (39.3% of males, 25.2% of females) published a first/last author paper, and 88.6% of tenure track faculty (88.6% of males, 88.8% of females) vs 54.9% of clinical track faculty (60.7% of males, 49.0% of females) published an authored paper. The percentage of faculty publishing at least one first/last author paper stratified by academic rank was 59.4%, 45.8%, and 37.9% for Professor (61.8% of males, 52.5% of females), Associate Professor (51.0% of males, 37.3% of females), and Assistant Professor (47.3% of males, 28.7% of females), respectively. For tenure track faculty, the median number of published first/last author papers and total number of papers by sex was 1 and 4 for males, while it was 1.5 and 4 for females. For clinical track faculty, the median number of published first/last author papers and total number of papers by sex was 0 and 1 for males, and 0 and 0 for females. The three departments with the highest percentage of faculty with published papers were Urology, Neurosurgery, and Microbiology/Immunology. Conclusions: Tenure track faculty published more papers than clinical track faculty both in terms of quantity and in terms of percentage of faculty with authored papers. A greater percentage of male faculty published papers than female faculty in the clinical track but not the tenure track. Likewise, a greater percentage of faculty at higher academic ranks published papers.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121565119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ageism in modern society seems to be internalized in childhood and reinforced in adolescence. The aim of the research was to show the stereotyping of the elderly among adolescents, based on a foreign survey questionnaire adapted to the cultural specifics of Slovenian adolescents. We performed a bivariate analysis on a sample of 188 students in the Slovenian Savinja statistical region and found that ageist stereotyping among adolescents is related to their joint household with an elderly person. The negative attitude towards the elderly could be improved among adolescents through formal and informal education about age and aging in an intergenerational environment which also includes the family.
{"title":"Ageist Stereotypes in Adolescents Living with an Elderly Person","authors":"Z. Felc, Brina Felc","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1290","url":null,"abstract":"Ageism in modern society seems to be internalized in childhood and reinforced in adolescence. The aim of the research was to show the stereotyping of the elderly among adolescents, based on a foreign survey questionnaire adapted to the cultural specifics of Slovenian adolescents. We performed a bivariate analysis on a sample of 188 students in the Slovenian Savinja statistical region and found that ageist stereotyping among adolescents is related to their joint household with an elderly person. The negative attitude towards the elderly could be improved among adolescents through formal and informal education about age and aging in an intergenerational environment which also includes the family.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121827576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term for two chronic conditions. These diseases are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis that are both identified by inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Crohn’s disease can occur anywhere in the digestive tract. In contrast to that, ulcerative colitis is limited to just the colon. Along with that, Crohn’s disease can have gaps of healthy tissue in between inflamed areas while ulcerative colitis has no healthy gaps amongst inflamed areas. Factors such as stress and diet have been proven to aggravate symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases. Symptoms include abdominal pain, fatigue, joint pain, and anemia. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can cause ulcers, bowel obstruction, fistulas, malnutrition, and many other health conditions. There is also increased risk of cancer and blood clots. These factors make efficient treatments crucial for the disease. Researchers have tested stem cells and their efficiency to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. This is because stem cells are cells that have not become specialized. This allows for the cell to produce new cells or replaces specialized damaged or lost cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in both human and animal research to treat inflammatory bowel disease. This type of stem cell can differentiate into various tissue types. Mesenchymal stem cells also contain anti-inflammatory and anti- fibrotic properties making it ideal to treat inflammation in autoimmune diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells have shown to be capable of treating inflammatory bowel disease due to their regenerative capabilities, immune-suppressive properties, and anti-inflammatory components. This has been seen in animal and human patients by achieving an increase in quality of life through results like reduced inflammation, complete remission, and reduced health complications making it an ideal treatment to continue and research for inflammatory bowel disease.
{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells to treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease","authors":"Natalia Leigh Diaz, V. Gallicchio","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1287","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term for two chronic conditions. These diseases are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis that are both identified by inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Crohn’s disease can occur anywhere in the digestive tract. In contrast to that, ulcerative colitis is limited to just the colon. Along with that, Crohn’s disease can have gaps of healthy tissue in between inflamed areas while ulcerative colitis has no healthy gaps amongst inflamed areas. Factors such as stress and diet have been proven to aggravate symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases. Symptoms include abdominal pain, fatigue, joint pain, and anemia. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can cause ulcers, bowel obstruction, fistulas, malnutrition, and many other health conditions. There is also increased risk of cancer and blood clots. These factors make efficient treatments crucial for the disease. Researchers have tested stem cells and their efficiency to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. This is because stem cells are cells that have not become specialized. This allows for the cell to produce new cells or replaces specialized damaged or lost cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in both human and animal research to treat inflammatory bowel disease. This type of stem cell can differentiate into various tissue types. Mesenchymal stem cells also contain anti-inflammatory and anti- fibrotic properties making it ideal to treat inflammation in autoimmune diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells have shown to be capable of treating inflammatory bowel disease due to their regenerative capabilities, immune-suppressive properties, and anti-inflammatory components. This has been seen in animal and human patients by achieving an increase in quality of life through results like reduced inflammation, complete remission, and reduced health complications making it an ideal treatment to continue and research for inflammatory bowel disease.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122996107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A recent clinical trial (Clinical Trial: NCT04315948) by Florence Ader et al., published on the preprint server medRxiv (Posted April 12, 2022), reported that RDV was not associated with clinical improvement at day 15 or day 29, nor with a reduction in mortality, nor with a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 RNA. In cell culture studies with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a variety of cell types, the antiviral effect of RDV was satisfactory. However, the authors of this clinical trial state that the efficacy of the drug and its toxicity in humans is over predicted. However, we came up with our own evaluation from our most relevant experimental results.
{"title":"Mismatch of In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Effect of Remdesivir against SARS-CoV-2","authors":"A. Chakraborty, Anil Diwan","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1284","url":null,"abstract":"A recent clinical trial (Clinical Trial: NCT04315948) by Florence Ader et al., published on the preprint server medRxiv (Posted April 12, 2022), reported that RDV was not associated with clinical improvement at day 15 or day 29, nor with a reduction in mortality, nor with a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 RNA. In cell culture studies with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a variety of cell types, the antiviral effect of RDV was satisfactory. However, the authors of this clinical trial state that the efficacy of the drug and its toxicity in humans is over predicted. However, we came up with our own evaluation from our most relevant experimental results.","PeriodicalId":443242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134339187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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